人教版八年级英语上册1-5单元知识点(词汇+句型+固定搭配)

Unｉt 1 Hoｗoｆtｅｎdｏｙou eｘｅｒｃise?

词汇:

1. hoｗoｆteｎ: 多久一次７．healtｈ: 健康,1２. on weeｋendｓ:在周末

hoｗmａnｙ:多少＋可数名词healthy：健康的13. ｏnｃe a week:一周一次

２．alｗaｙs(100%)-总是ｕnheａlｔｈy: 不健康，tｗｉｃe a ｗeek：一周两次

usuaｌlｙ（８0％) –通常ｋｅep/stay hｅalthy tｈｒee tｉmｅs a moｎth: 一月三次

ｏfｔen（60%)- 经常＝keeｐ/stay in good heaｌｔｈ: 保持健康１4. most:大部分的,绝大多数的

soｍetimｅｓ(40%)－有时候8．get good grades: 取得好成绩ａｌｌ:所有的

hardly ever(20%)- 几乎不9．the ｓaｍe ａs:与…不同1５.ｂｅgｏod foｒ:对…有益

nｅveｒ(０%) 从不１０. aｌｏt oｆ= lｏts of: 大量，许多+ 可数/不可数名词be ｂad ｆor: 对…有坏处

３. surｆthe interneｔ: 上网ａlot =vｅrｙmuch: 十分,非常,很1

６．ｈｏw maｎy：多少, +可数名词

4．ａｓfoｒ: 至于，关于1１. mayｂe:也许,大概ｈow m ｕch: 多少,＋不可数名词

5. junk foｏd: 垃圾食品mayｂe: 也许是,或许是(ｍaｙ是情态动词,be是动词原形）hｏｗmuｃh 多少钱,（问价格)

6. ｌook ａfｔer＝take care of:照顾１2．littlｅ:小的,a ｌittlｅboy: 一个小男孩1７. of cｏu ｒse ＝sｕre 当然

lｏok for：寻找ｌittｌe: 少，liｔtle少→lesｓ更少→leａst最少(修饰不可数名词）

look ｕp：查找（单词、信息) liｔtlｅ: 几乎没有,否定词（修饰不可数名词)

look ａt: 看 a little:少许,有一点,肯定词（修饰不可数名词）

few：几乎没有，否定词(修饰可数名词)

a feｗ少许,有一点，肯定词（修饰可数名词)

句型:

1.Ｈow oｆten ｄｏyouｅxercｉｓe?→I exerｃise three tｉｍeｓa weeｋ.How ｏｆｔen does shｅshoｐ?→She

ｓhops oｎce ａｍｏｎtｈ.

2.What do you usualｌy dｏon weekenｄs?→I uｓｕally ｗatｃｈTV.Ｈow ofｔen ｄoeｓshe watｃh ＴV? →Sｈe w

ａｔcｈeｓTV ｅvｅrｙdａy.

3.Hoｗmany hours do ｙou slｅeｐｅveｒy nｉgｈｔ? 你每晚睡几个小时？→Ｉｓlｅeｐnｉne hoursｅｖery ｎiｇhｔ．

Hoｗｍａny ｂooks do you ｈaｖe?你有多少本书？→I ｈａvｅ５ｂoｏks.

Ｈow mucｈｉs tｈe sｗeater? 这件毛衣多少钱?

How ｍucｈｗaｔeｒdｏyou havｅ? 你有多少水？(ｈow much: 多少，后面＋不可数名词, ｗater是不可数名词)

4.Wｈat’s yｏur ｆavｏrｉte program? 你最喜欢的电视节目是什么？→Iｔ’ｓAｎimａl World.

固定搭配：

try to do sth.: 尽力做某事，设法做某事try doiｎｇstｈ.: 试着做、尝试做某事

ｈｅlp sb．（to) do sｔh: 帮助某人做某事(to可以省略)

ｗant sｂ. to do stｈ.: 想要某人做某事

Ｕnit 2 Ｗhaｔ’s thｅmattｅr？

词汇:

1．have ａｃold 感冒9．few：几乎没有,否定词(修饰可数名词）havｅ a fｅveｒ发烧 a few少许,有一点,肯定词（修饰不可数名词）have a stｏmachachｅ肚子痛little: 几乎没有,否定词（修饰不可数名词)

haｖe a headａcｈｅ头疼a litｔlｅ: 少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰不可数名

词)

ｈaｖe a ｔooｔhache 牙齿疼10. at thｅmoｍeｎｔ= ｎow 现在，此刻

havｅaｓｏreｔｈrｏat 喉咙疼1１. hｏst faｍｉly 寄宿家庭

ｈaｖe a ｓorｅｂack 背部酸疼12. nｏt…ｕntiｌ…直到……时候才……

２. lie ｄowｎaｎd have ａgood rｅsｔ躺下好好休息１３. sｈouｌd应该，情态动词，后+动词原形３．hot tea with ｈoｎｅｙ加了蜂蜜的热茶shｏｕld not=shouｌdn’t

4．ｉｌl 病了的ｉｌlness 疾病１4. see a ｄoctｏr 看医生

5. adviｃe建议（不可数名词) see a dentiｓt 看牙医

ｓoｍe advice(不能加”s”) 15.ｔooｍany太多…，修饰可数名词toｏｍany studeｎtｓ6．be stressed ｏｕt 有压力的,紧张的ｔoo much太多…，修饰不可数名词ｔｏo much ｙｉn

7. balaｎce 平衡balaｎced 平衡的mｕch toｏ太……,much too bｉｇ太大

ａｂａlanｃed dｉet平衡的饮食16. stａy=keｅp 保持

on a diｅt 节食keeｐ/stａy ｈeaｌtｈy

8.ｇet 变得＝keep/staｙin ｇｏod ｈeａltｈ: 保持健康

ｇet angrｙ变得生气get tiｒed 变得劳累

句型:

1．Wｈａt’s the matter with ｙoｕ? = Whａt’s tｈe trouble with you? ＝Ｗhaｔ’s wrong ｗith yｏu? 你怎么了？

→Ｉhａｖｅa cｏｌd/ havｅa ｔｏothachｅ/ hａｖe aｓore tｈroat….

2.Wha t’s thｅmatter? →She hａｓa cｏld．

3. Doｅｓhｅhave aｃｏlｄ? →Yｅs, ｈe dｏes.

4. A: What’s the ｍaｔteｒ?

B: Ｉ’m not fｅeｌｉng welｌ.(此处不能用gｏod）I have a cold.

A:Wｈen ｄid it ｓtart？

Ｂ:About two days ａｇｏ.

A: That’ｓtoo bａd.You shoulｄdrinｋｌoｔｓof ｗａtｅr.

B:Yeｓ, Ｉtｈink so.

A：Iｈopｅｙｏu feel／geｔbetter soon. 我希望你尽快好起来

5. A: I hａve a coｌd

B: Ｉam sorry ｔｏｈear that.（当听到对方不好的消息时使用此句)

固定搭配：

Iｔis+ 形容词+ (for sb.) ｔｏdo sth．做某事对某人来说是………的

例句: It is easｙｆｏｒme to leaｒn(ｌeaｒn)Eｎgliｓh. 对我来说学英语是容易的

Itｉs inteｒesｔiｎg to waｔch （watcｈ) Animal Worｌd.看动物世界时有趣的

Unit 3 Ｗhat are yoｕｄｏinｇfｏr ｖacaｔion?

→→→本单元用现在进行时态表示将来的事情

现在进行时态，即bｅ+doｉng:

词汇:

1．go campｉng去野营 6. a ｌot = very much 十分、非常、很 2. Ａ: Ｗhａt ar ｅｙoｕdｏing ｆoｒvaｃaｔioｎ?

ｇo fisｈing 去钓鱼ａｌot oｆ＝ｌots oｆ许多、大量B: Ｉam g ｏｉｎg cａmpｉng.

go shoppinｇ去购物7. awaｙ向远处、离开Ａ:Ｔhａt soｕnds niｃe．

go sｗimming 去游泳ｇoａwaｙ离开Who are yｏu going with?

go hiｋｉｎg 去远足B: I am goｉng witｈmy pareｎｔｓ.

ｇo ｂike riding去骑单车８．stay: 留、停留、呆

go sigｈｔseeｉng去观光旅游 3. Linda ｉs goｉnｇto Ｔiｂeｔｎｅxt sｕmmｅr．(划线提问）

2. ｈow long 多久、多长时间句型：→Where is Liｎｄa goinｇｎexｔsuｍmer?

3. geｔｂack 回来geｔbａｃkｔoｓcｈool 1. Whａt are you dｏinｇｆoｒｖacation? 4．Ｈe’s ｇoing ｏn ｔｈe 12ｔh．(划线提问）

4. beｆaｍous foｒ…以……而闻名→I ａｍvｉsitｉｎｇｍｙgｒandparents. →Ｗhenｉｓhe

gｏiｎg?

5. ｌeavｅfoｒ…离开去……地方Ｗhatｉｓyouｒｂｒotheｒdｏing for vacatiｏn?

lｅaｖe →(过去式）lｅfｔ→Heｉｓｇｏｉnｇcamｐiｎg. 5．Ｉ’m staying tｈeｒe for a weeｋ.（划线提问)

ｌeｆt：左边、离开→How long arｅyou stayinｇ？

6.当听到对方提出的建议，如：

What abｏut ｐlayinｇbａskｅtｂalｌ？Ｈoｗabｏut ｔaking a walk witｈｍe? Why not gｏto the ｍoｖie? 为什么不去看电影? I am goｉｎg camping.等句子时，回答可用以下句型:

Ｔhat souｎdｓnice/ goｏd／inｔereｓtinｇ/．That’ｓa good ideａ．/ Good ｉdea．Thaｔｓounds like a ｇood ide ａ./Gｒｅat等.

7.当听到对方要去旅行或是准备出行时,如：I am going to Hoｎｇkong foｒａweek. I am goｉｎｇｈiking iｎｔhe moｕntａ

ｉns.时,回答一般用以下句型：Have a goｏd time!

8.询问天气: How isｔhe ｗｅathｅr? 或是Ｗhaｔ’s the ｗｅaｔｈer like?

9.询问某人的职业:Wｈａt do yoｕdｏ？Wｈaｔaｒｅyoｕ?What’s yｏur job？你的工作是什么？

What does yｏｕｒmotｈｅrｄo? What ｉｓhe?他是干什么的？

10.询问某人的性格：What areｙouｌｉke? →Ｉam outｇoｉng／sｈy/ ｑuｉet.

Ｗｈaｔis he ｌｉke? 他是个什么样的人？→Hｅis ｏｕｔgｏing/ shy/ quiet. 他很外向/害羞/安静10．询问某人长的什么样子:Wｈat does he loｏk like？他长的什么样子？→Ｈｅiｓofｍediuｍｂｕild／height.他

中等身材/身高.

Whａt dｏes youｒfather look ｌike？→Hｅis tall.他很高

11. 询问某人喜欢什么：Wｈat do yｏｕlike?你喜欢什么? →I like basketbaｌl. 我喜欢篮球

固定搭配：

1.fiｎish doinｇsth 完成做某件事

例：Ｉfｉnｉshed dｏｉng my homewｏrk．我完成了我的家庭作业

Ｕnit1-3 单元

课本语法知识＆在讲解畅优新课堂时补充的语法知识点与固定搭配：

1.情态动词后+动词原形(dｏ)

已学情态动词：can 能够, ｍust必须, ｓhould 应该, may 也许．wｏuld 想，会

ｈelp sｂ(ｔｏ) ｄo ｓth帮助某人做某事

２. 介词后若接动词，则接动词的ｉｎg形式:

常见的:what aboｕt + doｉnｇｓｔh? 做………怎么样?

常接doｉng的固定搭配：

1. ｌike doing sth 喜欢做某事

2. enｊoy doinｇstｈ享受做某事

3. have a gooｄ／hａｖｅｆuｎｉn ｄoing ｓth做某事玩的很开心

4. fｉnｉsh doing ｓtｈ完成做某件事

5.ｓｐend ＋(时间、金钱、精力）ｄｏing sth花时间、金钱、精力做某事

= spｅnd +(时间、金钱、精力) ｏn stｈ

3．不定式,即：to do

常接不定式的固定搭配:

want sb to do sｔh 想要某人做某事woｕld like ｔo dｏsｔｈ想做某事ｔｅll ｓb to do sth 告诉某人做某事

asｋsb to ｄo sｔｈ要求某人做某事plan ｔo do ｓtｈ计划做某事dｅcidｅto ｄo sth决定做某事

need tｏｄo sｔh 需要做某事ｆoｒget to do stｈ忘记做某事trｙto dｏｓth 尽力做某事

4. 不定代词+ 形容词结构

例：soｍething iｎｔereｓting 一些有趣的事情

Unit 4 How ｄo ｙoｕget ｔo schｏoｌ?

词汇:

1.get to: 到达

aｒrivｅat:到达＋小地点(学校、医院…)

ａrｒｉｖe in: 到达＋大地点(城市、国家、地区…）

ｒｅａch: 到达

2. tａｋe ｔhe bｕｓ= by buｓ：坐公交车8.hoｗｌoｎg: 多久，ｈow ｆａr:多远1

3. takｅ…to…把…带到…

3. take the ｔrain ＝by ｔraｉn: 坐火车9.ｆrｏｍ…ｔｏ…从…到…1

4. frｏm: 离…的距离

4．take ｔhe subwａy = by suｂway:坐地铁10. thinｋoｆ: 认为thｉnｋａbouｔ: 考虑15. nｏt all: 不

是所有

5. ride oｎe’sｂike = bｙbiｋe：骑单车1１. around tｈeｗoｒld ＝aｌｌover tｈe worlｄ: 全世界6．walk=on fｏｏt：走路１2．be diffｅrent ｆrｏｍ：与…不同１６. more…thaｎ…：比…更…, thａn:比

7. depeｎd oｎ:视……而定,决定于……,依靠……

17.ｏther 其他的，形容词1８. than比

othｅｒｓ其他的人或其他的事19. ｍore…than…比……更……，形容词比较级的用法

the otheｒ两者中的另一个,单数概念

thｅotheｒｓ两部分中的另一部分,复数概念

aｎother 另外一个,另外的，第三个的

句型:

1. How ｄo ｙｏu geｔto school？→Iｔake the bus./ Ｉｇoｔo sｃhooｌbyｂuｓ.

Hｏw dｏes she geｔto schoｏl? →She tａkes the buｓ．/ She gｏes to scｈoｏl ｂｙbus．

2. How long ｄｏes it take?→It tａkｅｓaｂoｕt／around 10 mｉnutｅs. →Iｔtａｋesａbout2５minuteｓto walk ａnd １0 mｉnｕｔes by bus.

How long doｅｓiｔtake yoｕtoｇｅt from homｅto schoｏl? →It takeｓ25minuｔes．

3. How ｆar is itｆrom yｏur ｈｏme ｔo schooｌ? →It’s 3 miles．/10 kｉlomeｔeｒs.

4. Whaｔdo ｙoｕthinｋｏｆ………? = how doｙou lｉｋe……?你认为……怎么样？

5. Hｏｗfａｒdo you lｉｖe ｆｒoｍschｏol?你住的离学校有多远→I ｌive 10mileｓfroｍsｃｈool.

6. CaｎI hｅlp you? Mａy I helpｙou?→Yeｓ,pleａse.

固定搭配：

1.It tａkｅs sb.+ 时间+ to do sｔh. 例句:It takｅｓｍｅ２0 minuteｓto walk （walk)

2.ｎeed ｔoｄo sth.需要做某事

3.ｍore…thaｎ…比……更……,形容词比较级的用法

4形容词的比较级＆最高级:

规则变化：比较级：形容词尾+“er”,最高级:+“eｓt ”，例:big →biggeｒ→tｈe ｂigｇｅst

不规则变化:三个音节及以上的形容词（比较长的形容词），比较级:前面+ ｍｏre，最高级：前面+most,

例:popｕlａr 流行的→ｍore ｐopular更流行的→thｅｍost popｕlar最流行的

最高级前面+“ｔhe”

例:Ｔhis cｌassｒoｏm ｉｓbｉｇgeｒthａn that one．这件教室比那间大This classroom is ｔhｅｂiggesｔ. 这间教室是最大的

Unｉｔ5Ｃan ｙou come ｔo my paｒty?

词汇:

1. other 其他的

Tｈe oｔhｅr 另一个(两个中的另一个）９．have to 不得不,要…

Tｈe ｏthers另一部分（两部分中的另一部分) 10. babｙsit=ｌook after=take care ｏf = ｃarｅfor 关心，照顾

Aｎoｔher 另外的,另一个（三个以上中的另一个）

2.ｔｈe daｙｂefoｒe yｅsｔerday前天句型：

yｅsｔｅrdａy 昨天 1. Ｃan yｏu cｏｍe to my party？

ｔoday 今天Yes, Ｉ’d love to．（肯定回答)

ｔomorrｏw 明天I’m sｏrrｙ,Ｉcａn’t. I have to……(否定回答) theｄａy after tｏmorrｏw 后天 2. Whａｔ’s tｏday? 今天星期几,几号？（星期、日期都可以问)

3. ｏｎweｅkｅndｓ在周末Iｔ’s Ｍｏndaｙｔhe 14th. 今天1４号星期一。on weekdays在工作日只问星期:Ｗhat day iｓｉt tｏｄay?It’s Frａiday．

４.ｃｏme oｖer 顺便来访只问日期：What’s the daｔe ｔodａy? Iｔ’s Sｅpｔeｍbeｒ2２ｔh．

vｉsit 拜访，看望，参观

5. ｓtuｄｙfoｒｔest 准备考试固定搭配:

６. go to the doｃtｏr 看医生 1.cａn 能、可以、会属于情态动词后面接动词原形

７. haｖe a piano lessｏn 上钢琴课Shｅcan ｐｌay the pｉano．(改为一般问句) 8．too mucｈｈomework 太多家庭作业→Can shｅpaly ｔｈe piａｎo?

mucｈtｏo 太…tｏｏmａny 太多＋可数名词 2. thａnｋs ｆor =thank you for+ doing sth. 感谢做某事

新目标八年级(上)英语短语及固定搭配

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词汇 : 1.how often: 多久一次 how many: 多少 +可数名词2.always(100%)- 总是usually(80%) –通常 often(60%)- 经常sometimes(40%)- 有时候hardly ever(20%)- 几乎不never(0%) 从不 3.surf the internet: 上网 4.as for: 至于，关于 5.junk food: 垃圾食品 6.look after = take care of：照顾 look for: 寻找 look up: 查找（单词、信息）look at: 看Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 7. health: 健康，12. on weekends: 在周末 healthy：健康的13. once a week：一周一次 unhealthy: 不健康，twice a week：一周两次 keep/stay healthy three times a month: 一月三次= keep/stay in good health:保持健康14. most: 大部分的，绝大多数的 8. get good grades:取得好成绩all: 所有的 9. the same as:与不同15. be good for: 对有益 10. a lot of = lots of: 大量，许多+ 可数 /不可数名词be bad for: 对有坏处 a lot = very much: 十分 ,非常，很16. how many: 多少 , +可数名词 11. maybe: 也许，大概how much: 多少， +不可数名词 may be: 也许是，或许是（may是情态动词，be是动词原形）how much 多少钱，（问价格）12. little:小的，a little boy:一个小男孩17. of course = sure 当然 little:少，little少→ less更少→ least最少（修饰不可数名词） little:几乎没有,否定词（修饰不可数名词） a little:少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰不可数名词） few: 几乎没有，否定词（修饰可数名词） a few 少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰可数名词）

八年级上册固定搭配

固定搭配 Ask sb to do要求某人做某事 Ask sb not to do要求某人不要做某事Ask for要求 Ask about sth问关于某事 Agree to do同意做某事 Agree with sb同意某人 Agreee to sth同意某事 Arrive at到达(小地点) Arrive in到达(大地点) A waste of sth浪费某物 Be busy doing忙于做某事 Be busy with sth忙于某事 Be bad at不擅长 Be bad for不利于 Be bad with对...不好Begin to do开始做Begin doing开始做 Be good at擅长 Be good for有利于 Be good with对...好 Be different from区别 Believe in相信 Be friendly to对...友好 Be unfriendly to对...不友好 Be interested in sth对某事感兴趣 Buy sb sth给某人买东西 Buy sth for sb为某人买东西 Buy sth from 从...买东西 Borrow sb sth某人借用某物 Borrow sth from sb某人借用某物 can't help doing情不自禁做 (can't) Stand doing(无法)忍受做Complain to sb对某人抱怨 Complain about sth抱怨某事Complain of/about抱怨 Consider doing考虑做 Dream of/about梦到 Do some doing最一些... Disagree to do不同意做 Disagree to sth不同意某事 Disagree with sb不同意某人 Die of死于 Decide to do决定做某事 Decide on sth决定某事 Dislike to do不喜欢做某事Dislike doing不喜欢做某事 Discuss about sth讨论某事 Enjoy doing喜欢做 Finish doing完成做 Feel like doing喜欢做 Feel do感觉...做 Feel sb doing感觉到...正在做 Fight with sb与某人打架 Find sb doing找到...正在做 Forget doing忘记做过 Forget to do忘记做 Give sb sth给某人某物 Give sth to sb个某人某物 Have fun doing玩的开心 Have a good time doing玩的开心Hear doing听到...正在做 Hear do听到...做 Help sb (to) do帮助某人做某事 Help sb with sth在某事上帮助某人Hope sb do希望某人做某事 Hear from/of来信 Had better do最好做 Had better not do最好不要做 Have to do不得不做 Help oneself to请自便 It is + adj + to do 做......样 It is + adj + for sb to do对于某人做..样It takes time/money for sb to do 花费某人时间/金钱做 It takes time/money to do 花费时间/金钱做 It took time/money for sb to do 花费某人时间/金钱做 It took time/money to do 花费时间/金钱做(过去) Join in加入 Keep doing保持做 L end sth to sb借给某人 Lend sb sth借给某人某物 1

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