学校相关词汇
【学校】
nursery 托儿所
kindergarten 幼儿园
preschool 学前班
bilingual school 双语学校
primary school 小学
middle school 中学
high school 高中
college/university 大学
注：college一般注重于本科教育，而university包括研究生教育和科研部分。在日常会话中，college常泛指高中毕业以后的教育。College还可指大学中的各个学院，大学中只负责研究不进行授课的机构称为Institute（研究所）。
vocational school 职业学校
boarding school 寄宿学校
spring semester 春季学期
fall semester 秋季学期
class 班级/届
department 系
credit 学分
extracurricular activities 课外活动
homeschooling 在家教育
tuition 学费
community college 社区大学
catalog 大学手册（由学校编写的、向在校生或有意申请的学生介绍课程设置和学生服务的手册）
【人员】
pupil 小学生
middle school student 中学生
freshman 大一新生
sophomore 大二学生
junior 大三学生
senior 大四学生
undergraduate 本科生
postgraduate 研究生
PhD student 博士生exchange student 交换学生faculty 全体教员
teaching assistant 助教lecturer 讲师
assistant professor 助理教授associate professor 副教授professor 教授
counselor 辅导员
form teacher 班主任supervisor 导师postgraduate supervisor 硕导PhD supervisor 博导
【学习】
compulsory course 必修课optional course 选修课
major 专业
curriculum schedule 课程表distance education/learning 远程教育lesson plan 教学计划
educational objective 教学目标outdoor education 户外教学physical education（PE）体育课rote learning 死记硬背
online learning 在线学习
【设施】
classroom 教室
blackboard 黑板
chalk 粉笔
projector 投影仪
whiteboard 白板
laboratory 实验室
playground 操场
library 图书馆swimming pool 游泳池basketball court 篮球场football/soccer field 足球场tennis court 网球场canteen 餐厅
dormitory 宿舍recreation center 娱乐中心stadium 体育馆
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senior 大学四年级学生/高中三年级学生auditor 旁听生（美） commoner 自费生 boarder 住宿生/寄宿生 prize fellow 奖学金生 classmate 同班同学 alumnus 校友（男） graduate 毕业生 abroad student 留学生 returned student 回国留学生 教育程度常用词汇： educational background 教育程度secondary education 中等教育 adult education 成人教育undergraduate 本科 Expert 专家 post doctorate 博士后 doctorate 博士学位 bachelor 学士 学生学习用品常用词汇： 点击查看详细内容 学习科目常用词汇： course/curriculum 课程
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Topic 5 School Life (学校生活) 基础篇 school /5 At first, there were no schools for children in the colonies. Boys and girls had to learn from their parents at home. However, not all parents could read or write. The first schools in New England were called "dame schools," because housewives were teachers. Children gathered in their homes to learn reading, writing and spelling. Public schools were started in New England in 1647. A new law was passed that every town of fifty or more families had to establish a grade school. A town with one hundred or more families had to have a high school, too. Grade schools in New England were little log buildings. All of the children learned together in one room. Some students sat on wooden benches and studied quietly. At the same time, other students stood near the wall reciting their lessons. For textbooks, they used only the Bible and the New England Primer, which contained spelling words, short poems, and questions about the Bible. Schoolhouses had no light except the light from the fireplace. All students had to bring wood for the fireplace, and if they did not, they had to sit farthest from it. The schoolmaster was very strict and whipped students if they made mistakes or did not behave well. They attended classes from seven or eight in the morning to four or five in the afternoon, Monday through Saturday. Every church had its own school in New Netherland. These schools were supported mainly by the government, but wealthy parents paid a small fee. Most boys and girls attended these schools. However, when English people took over the colony, they stopped the government support. Southern colonies established few schools. People lived far apart, and they did not think learning was important. Wealthy parents who wanted to educate their children hired tutors from England, but no one educated poor children. During colonial times, only men went to college. Sons of wealthy Southern colonists studied at universities in England. There were also nine colleges in the colonies, most of which were started by churches to train ministers. Some of these later became famous universities. 1. Why did the “dame school” get its name? A. For its teachers. B. For its founders.
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