上海初三一模备考完首字母填空技巧讲解
一、浏览全文，把握大意
二、熟记短语，注重语境
三、关注语法，合乎逻辑
四、细心检查，避免疏漏
首字母填空技巧点拨
1.掌握首字母填空的解题技巧；
2.能根据上下文准确判断出所缺单词的意思；
3.能选用正确的单词形式填空
教学内容
Augie Dobson, a 9-year-old American boy is proud of his ability to speak Chinese. He has been studying the language for three year from Shanghai Community International School.
Augie is one of a group of three and took part in a drama performance competition. It was organized to e_____81___ overseas students to understand Chinese culture.
Their play is based on Tang Dynasty (618-907) poet He Zhizhang’s “ Hui Xiang Ou Shu,” L____82___, the play got the second prize at yesterday’s ceremony.
“ Hui Xiang Ou Shu” means writing something after returning home. It describes an old man who left his hometown at a young age but feels like a s ___83____ when he returns a couple of years later.
Mrs Sun, a Chinese teacher in school said she tries to teach her pupils to sing and dance to the poem. “Children are interested in singing poems rather than just reciting t____84____.
Students at Shanghai Community International School now learn an ancien t poem every day. “It’s difficult b ____85____ I ‘m trying to remember,” said Augie.
The first prize went to drama “Kong Cheng Ji,” performed by students at Dulwich College Shanghai . Kong Cheng Ji, tells of Zhuge liang during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). He had no army to protect and guard the city but m______86__ to make the enemy’s leader Sima Yi believe that the city was full of traps and ambushes(埋伏). As a result, Sima gave up.
Li Zihao, 9, plays Sima in the drama. Li is a fan of chengyu, Chinese four-character idioms(四字成语).
“I’ve downloaded an app about telling stories with chengyu, and he loves it. I think chengyu is a very s____87____ and important parts of Chinese culture. Four words alone can mean a lot, and chengyu shows the great wisdom of old Chinese people.” said his mother.
【知识梳理】
首字母填空解题步骤
首字母2014届上海市各区县中考一模英语试卷首字母填空总汇(二)
2014届上海市各区县中考一模英语试卷首字母填空总汇（二）PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT! Homework ( 2014年一模) 1.崇明县 C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词， 使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（共14分） Make the skies blue The streets of Dalian, Liaoning were covered by snow a week before Spring Festival. However, instead of staying at home, Li Chunyuan, a Junior 1 student at No. 42 Middle School, went out with her classmates. They made posters by t 81 and called on people not to set off fireworks. The students did this in order to r 82 air pollution. Since January, many cities in China have seen a lot of foggy days. In Beijing, only five days in January were free of smog (雾霾). An official for the Ministry of Environmental Protection told Beijing News that PM2.5 pollution is the m 83 problem with air pollution. Poor air has done harm to people?s health. Children and the elderly are more at risk. A report from Beijing Children?s Hospital shows that half of the p 84 had respiratory (呼吸道的) problems from Jan. 5 to 11. To respond to the air problem, the Chinese government and many Chinese people have started to take action. Beijing announced a plan to use clean fuel in government vehicles and plant trees. It a 85 asked citizens to set off fewer fireworks for the Spring Festival celebration. They suggested that cars with large emissions(排放) should be banned(禁止) and factories should be closely watched. Three students from No. 4 High School in Beijing wrote a report to advise h 86 to fight the air pollution. “We hope more people will j 87 us to protect our environment. With all our efforts, the blue skies will certainly return soon,” said Shi Yucong, one of the three students. 2.奉贤 How can I win a Nobel Prize for writing? Here?s the secret from this year?s winner: make it short, keep it real, and work hard. Canadian author Alice Munro, 82, was a 81 the 2013 Nobel Prize in literature (文学). She is known for her short stories about personal relationships of ordinary people, usually women.
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上海市中考英语首字母填空练习 首字母填空类短文题是近几年各省、市中考题经常采用的题型之一，这种题难度相对较大，考生失分现象很严重。 主观型首字母填空也称为限制型完形填空。它的特点是将一篇文章中若干个词“掏空”，留下该词的首字母，它既作为提示又作为限制，让我们根据短文的意思把单词拼写完整，使文章连贯。学生们在通读全文、掌握大意的前提下，采用先易后难，再逐项填空的应试策略。做题时要通过字里行间来捕捉信息，既要理清逻辑，又要综合考虑，最后通过复读全文来消除疏漏。给首字母填空类短文的阅读题属于能力测试的范畴，它考查的范围极广，可以是英语知识的方方面面，还可能涉及其它学科。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合短文需要。下面就讲一讲做这类题的方法与技巧： 1. 通读短文知大意，看整体全面了解 与阅读理解题和其它类型的完形填空一样，首先要通读短文，了解文章的大意。每篇短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文时要一气呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过。因此，在解题之前通读一遍短文，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。 2. 复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词 在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。在阅读过程中，要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。有些短文填空题，有时出现约3%~5% 的生词是很正常的，这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义。 3. 反复推敲多分析，慎重答题讲技巧 再次通读短文，对留空的句子进行全面的分析，看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。这一遍阅读要求是精心阅读，要留心找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给首字母的提示，进行填写，并注意单词的正确形式。 4. 认真复查全文，把握整体和词形 做完以后，再认真读一遍，检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符，文章是否通顺，前后是否呼应，有无句型结构及语法错误。从实际中看，很多学生能够充分利用词首字母和短文内容填写单词，但是，问题往往出现在单词的形式变化上。比如填q ，要求填写quickly ，而多数考生只知道填写quick ，忽略了词性问题。因此，深思熟虑很重要。 通过以上对首字母填空类型题的讲解，同学们一定对这类题型有了更多的了解，掌握了此类题的考点和做题的技巧后，给同学们准备了以下的练习题，请同学们及时巩固学习内容。
(完整版)首字母填空做题技巧讲解
首字母填空讲解 如何做好首字母填空题 考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。 ?首字母填空的解题方法和技巧： ◆通读全文，了解大意 短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。 ◆再读全文，理清脉络 通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中，同学们可以把有把握的词先填好，逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。 ◆仔细推敲，确保准确 词义判断正确了不等于答题正确，还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。如果填的词是名词，首先要考虑到单、复数的问题；如果是动词，要考虑应使用什么时态和语态。 ◆注意：填入的词既能使句意通顺，又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。在初步确定答案 后，一定还要反复考虑，仔细推敲，确保用词准确 ◆复读全文，全面检查 答题完毕后复读全文，进行核查是必不可少的。做完题后，一定要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。 专项题型解析： 例题解析： Dogs are good pets. They are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s 3 arrives.
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2018年上海市静安区中考英语一模试卷 一、Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分） 1．（6分） B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分） 2．（1分）A．Surprised． B．Confused． C．Disappointed． D．Worried． 3．（1分）A．By bus． B．By taxi． C．By underground． D．By bike． 4．（1分）A．In 1995． B．In 1997．
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-1- My husband and I are very lucky. We have close friends in this city, and they are all interesting people. Our first friend Greta is an a____1____. We see her when she isn’t making a movie in Hollywood. When we meet her, she always tells us about her l____2____ in Hollywood as a movie star. Greta is our very close friend. We like her very much. Our second friend Dan is a scientist. We see him when he isn’t busy in his lab. When we get together with hi, he always tells us about his new e____3____. Bob and Carol are also our friends. They are famous newspaper r____4____. Bob is 46 years old and Carol is 50 years old. We see them when they aren’t travelling around the world. However, we don't see Greta, Dan, Bob, and Carol very often. In f____5____, we seldom see them b____6____ they’re usually so busy. But we think about them a____7____ the time. 1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________ 6. ____________ 7. ____________ -2- My favorite shop is c____1____ “Model World”. It is located on the second f____2____ of Happy Plaza. It is open from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. every day. “Model World”s____3____ all kinds of models. It has model soldiers, cars, boats, planes, space rockets and even dinosaurs. It has models for people of all age. The shop assistants at “Model World”are very nice. They are quite interested in making models t____4____. They will give you useful a____5____ and they are pleased to answer all of your questions. The prices there are neither very cheap nor e____6____. My best buy was a model of a helicopter. It cost me $240, but it had over 400 pieces. It was really f____7____ to make models. If you are interested in models, you should visit this shop. 1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________ 6. ____________ 7. ____________ -3- People began making clocks over 500 years ago. The first clocks had o____1____ one hand — the hour hand. The minute hand appeared at a later time. The first clocks were big and heavy. Some rich people had servants to c____2____ their clocks. Time p____3____ and clocks became smaller. Clockmakers were able to make smaller parts for clocks and the sizes were reduced. Bells became a p____4____ of some large clocks in cities and towns. They were for people unable to s____5____ the clock. Some clocks were put in large towers. Many of these clocks s____6____ exist today in Europe. Some of them are 400 to 500 years old. Big Ben in London is a very famous tower clock. The first alarm clocks were used by monks(僧人) to w____7____ them for prayers(祈祷). Today many clocks even alarm clocks are electric. 1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________ 6. ____________ 7. ____________ -4- Early men did not have clocks. They told time by the sun and the shadows of trees. Then, they placed sticks in the ground instead of t_____1_____. They made marks on the ground, and the s_____2_____ from the sticks told the time of day. Later, men began to use sundials(日晷). But sundials
首字母填空答题技巧
综合填空答题技巧 一、题型介绍 综合填空，即首字母填空，是近年来天津中考常用题型之一，每空1分，共10分。采用一篇短文，空出十个空，给出首字母提示，让考生根据内容填出所空缺的单词。这种题型属于能力测试的范畴，它所考查的内容范围很广，可以是英语知识的方方面面，还会涉及其他方面的知识和生活常识等问题。它往往有一定难度，能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合短文需要。这种试题的首字母已给出，这既是一种限制，又是一种提示。要做好此类题目，考生不但要有较强的语感，而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。 二、知识与技能 1. 积累词汇 要掌握好所学的单词和短语及一些固定搭配，并且掌握它们的常用法，这是答题的基础知识储备。你心里没有装着足够的词汇，做起题来就会有困难。 2. 分析语境 很多情况下，你要填的单词与上下文有紧密的联系，这也就是语境。这时一定要分析上下文才能想出来，有可能在上下文还会出现该词或者相关的词，所以你要具有善于分析的能力和一双善于发现的眼睛。
3. 词性词形 我们可以根据上下文及本句判断所要填的单词的词性，这需要我们有一定的语法知识，要懂词法，懂句法，并且会带着空去分析。词性判断准确有利于更快地想出答案，并正确使用单词的各种形式。 4. 逻辑推理 文章总是有一定逻辑的，除了时间、地点、人物等关系，还要学会看出列举、原因、结果、让步、目的、条件等关系。 5. 翻译技巧 翻译是理解和填空的必要条件，尤其是一些复合句和带生词的句子，翻译准确才能促使你想出答案。 三、答题技巧 1. 通读短文 第一遍通读，看懂文章大意，同时看你能填上几个词，这取决于你平时的语言理解能力和词汇量。 2. 细读分析 第二遍细读，要翻译，要分析句式，要分析词性，要看上下文。有的根据一句话就可以想出答案，有的要根据上下文才能想出。
2012年上海初三英语一模--首字母
C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给): (14分) The Economist Intelligence Unit (《经济学人》情报组) is the world‘s leading resource for economic and business research . Every year, the EIU makes a list of the best cities to live in a__86___the world. It has its own ideas for scoring, for example: Is the city s___87__? Is the air clean? Are the schools good? Melbourne is at the t __88___of the list in every category. people get along well there. Trees and grass c__89___ 40 percent of the city. People ride streetcars (有轨电车) and there aren‘t many cars ,s___90__ the air is clean . As a result, according to the EIU‘s survey, Melbourne is the best city in the world to live in. Vienna is NO.2 on the list. It is the capital of Austria. The city is famous for its culture and art. As ?the city of music‘, Vienna has a lot of big c___91__. The third city on the list is V ancouver, Canada. It used to be No.1 on the list .But this time , the city got f__92___ points because of its traffic jams .Will it get its place back next year ? 宝山区初三英语第一学期期末质量抽查试卷 C) Read the passage and fill the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) (14分) The Empire State Building(帝国大厦) has held a special place in the hearts of Americans since it was completed in 1931.It r___86__ more than 443 metres into the sky. For more than forty years , it was the tallest building in the world. It has one hundred and three levels and six thousand five hundred windows. V isitors can ride in one of seventy-three elevators that take them from the b__87__ to very near the top of the building. Some of these elevators are very fast, reaching the eightieth floor in only forty-five seconds. The heads of government of almost every n__88___ in the world have visited the Empire State Building. These important people are just a few of million who have ridden to the observation area near the top of the building each year. From there, visitors can see almost all of New Y ork City. They can see the view a __89__ the Hudson River into the state of New Jersey. They can see ships in the East River. Even if you have never visited New Y ork, there is a good chance for you to see the Empire State Building. It has been photographed c __90__ times. It has even played parts in movies. One is about a huge ape(猿)that escapes and climbs to the top of the building. The movie is ―King Kong‖(金刚). It was made in 1933. The Empire State Building also appeared in the love story ―An Affair to Remember‖(金玉盟).Cary Grant and Deborah Kerr play a man and a woman who meet and fall in love on a ship. They are looking at the New Y ork City skyline from the ship when they plan a future meeting. More recently, in ―Sleepless in Seattle(西雅图未眠夜)‖，two people in love agree to meet at the Observation Deck on V alentine‘s Day(情人节). B__91__ do arrive, but one is a little later. They almost m __92___each other. In the early nineteen seventies, the Empire State Building lost its place as the tallest building in New Y ork. People in the city then had the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center to look up to. Tragically that all changed on the morning of September 11,2001. Terrorists hijacked(劫持) passenger airplanes into the Twin Towers and destroyed them. The Empire State Building again has become the city‘s tallest building.