考研完形填空解题技巧

考研完形填空解题技巧
考研完形填空解题技巧

考研完形填空的解题技巧及规律:

1、利用“红花绿叶“原则:

红花词(必选的词):however、although、yet、because

绿叶词(必不选的词):

since、ever since、now that、what;

in case、lest、if only、or else(虚拟语气系列词);

about、as to、with regard to、with/in reference to(与“关于”意义有关的词)

2、答案分布的规律:

⑴、每篇完形填空中A、B、C、D作为正确选项的个数各在4—6个之间;

⑵、A作为正确选项的个数最多;

⑶、没有连续三个答案都一样的情况,连续两个答案都一样的情况为0—3个;

⑷、在五个一组的答案中,最少要出现三个字母作为正确的选项,在每组接缝处没有连续两个答案都一样的情况;

3、完形填空文章特点:

⑴、文章字数:240—280之间;

⑵、首段首句不出题,是主旨句(2001年除外),除首句外基本每句话都要出题;

⑶、总分结构进行到底;

⑷、每篇文章都有明确的主题和作者态度;

⑸、逻辑关系非常明确:

五大逻辑关系:(按照考核频度排序)

①对立关系(包括:转折、让步及其他);

②因果关系;③并列关系;④总分关系⑤递进关系。

给大家分享点个人的秘密经验,让大家考得更轻松。在这里我想跟大家说的是自己在整个考研过程中的经验以及自己能够成功的考上的捷径。首先就是自己的阅读速度比别人的快,考试过程中的优势自然不必说,平时的学习效率才是关键,其实很多人不是真的不会做,90%的人都是时间不够用,要是给足够的时间,估计很多人能够做出大部分的题。研究生考试关键就是你的专业技能和常识积累。很多人的失败是输在时间上的,我做事情特别注重效率。第一,复习过程中绝对的高效率,各种资料习题都要涉及多遍;第二,答题高效率,包括读题速度和答题速度都高效。我复习过程中,阅读和背诵的能力非常强,读一份一万字的资料,一般人可能要二十分钟,我只需要两分钟左右,读的次数多,记住自然快很多。包括做题也一样,读题和读材料的速度也很快,一般一份试卷,读题的时间一般人可能要花掉二十几分钟,我统计过,我最多不超过3分钟,这样就比别人多出20几分钟,这在考试中是非常不得了的。论坛有个帖子专门介绍速读的,叫做“速读记忆让我的考研复习奔跑起来”,我就是看了这个才接触了速读,也因为速读,才获得了很好的成绩。那些密密麻麻的资料,看见都让人晕倒。学了速读之后,感觉有再多的书都不怕了。而且,速读对思维和材料组织的能力都大有提高,个人总结,拥有这个技能,基本上成功一半,剩下的就是靠自己学多少的问题了。平时要多训练自己一眼看多个字的习惯,慢慢的加快速度,尽可能的培养自己这样的习惯。当然,有经济条件的同学,千万不要吝啬,花点小钱在自己的未来上是最值得的,你已经耗费了那么多的时间和精力,现在既然势在必得,就不要在乎这一刻。想成功的同学到这里用这个软件训练速读,大概30个小时就能练出比较厉害的快速阅读的能力,这是给我帮助非常大的学习技巧,极力的推荐给大家给做了超链接,按住键盘左下角Ctrl键,然后鼠标左键点击本行文字。其次,从选择的复习资料上来说,我用的是学习软件,不是一般的真题,我认为从电脑上面做题真的是把学习的效率提高了很多,再者这款软件集成最新题库、大纲资料、模拟、分析、动态等等各种超强的功能,性价比超高,是绝不可缺的一款必备工具,结合上速读的能力,如虎添翼,让整个备考过程效率倍增。想学的朋友可以到这里下载也给做了超链接,按住键盘左下角Ctrl键,然后鼠标左键点击本行文字

4、同义原则:

⑴、在四个选项中,有两个实词(动、名、形、副)互为同义词时,答案往往在其中;

⑵、在四个选项中,有两个虚词(介、连、感叹)互为同义词时,答案往往都不选;

⑶、当四个选项有一个共同意义时,该意义往往不能入选,要看选项的特殊含义。

5、做题理念:

⑴、首段首句没有读懂就不要做下去;

⑵、能够用顺序的方法做对的题目,尽量不要用逆序带入的方法;

⑶、能够用阅读方法做对的题目,尽量不要用同义词辨析方法做。

6、表语题解题方法(系动词后面出的题):

当表语是名词时,它与主语是对等关系;当表语是形容词时,或相当于形容词时,与主语是修饰关系。

7、逻辑关系题解题方法:

⑴、定义:通过前后句的意思及其内在关系,判定答案的题目。(本质上是阅读题)

⑵、类型:所有连词题以及部分介词、副词、动词题。

⑶、内容(考频):对立>因果>并列>总分>递进

⑷、判断对立关系的三个依据:

①、根据意思判断;②、根据褒贬色彩判断;

③、根据句式结构判断;例如:not题;句子_____not 句子或者 not 句子_____句子

⑸、表示对立关系的词:

转折:however、but、yet、nevertheless

让步:although、though、even through、even if、much as、as、while、where as

其他:against、instead of、rather than、admit、ignoring、on the contrary、by contrast

⑹、转折与让步的区别:

①、当后句是对前句的完全直接否定时,叫转折;当后句是对前句的部分否定时,叫让步;

②、although和but,because和so不能在一句话中同时出现;

although和because叫从属连词,既可以放句首,也可以放句中,放句中时,前面一般不加逗号;

but和so叫并列连词,只能放在句中,前面逗号可加可不加。

⑺、表示因果关系的词:

表原因的词:because、in that、now that、since、as、for、as a result of、considering

表结果的词:so that、such that、as a result、lead to、consequently、therefore、hence、thus、so

因果倒置是因果关系题里最常见的出题陷阱。

⑻、表示并列关系的词:

and、as well as、similarly、simultaneously

and题型三种做题方法:

①、选同义词;②、选同一范围词;③、句子对应成分分析

⑼、表示总分关系的词:for example、for instance、such as、including of表分总关系,总概念和分概念不能并列。⑽、表示递进关系的词:also、furthermore、indeed、moreover、still、highlighting、in particular

8、动词题解题方法:

⑴、看主语,注意主谓搭配一致性:

①、看主语是人还是物:

只能是人做出的动作有:believe、doubt、intend、require、respect、regard、be impressed by、notice、present 只能是物做出的动作有:manifest

②、注意主谓一致性:P38(43)

⑵、看宾语,注意动宾搭配一致性:

①、看宾语是抽象名词还是具体名词:

enhance+抽象名词 feed、label、fasten+具体名词 tighten+抽象、具体均可

②、看宾语是人还是物:

assure、impress + sb. ensure + sb./sth.均可

⑶、根据主语和宾语的逻辑关系所致动词:

changes in economy _A_ fewer jobs

A. lead to

B. amount to

⑷、从及物(vt)和不及物(vi)角度出发做题:

不及物动词有:

dispose

speculate of about/in

distinguish A from B 为及物动词

distinguish between A and B 为不及物动词

vt:批准

approve

vi:同意、认可 + of

⑸、根据动词后的介词以及介词宾语做题:

__B__ with the report

A. expose

B. agree

C. share

expose:+ to 暴光(贬义),考研中只考此点

agree with + sb./sth.

share with + sb.

⑹、根据句子中能够对动词构成限制的成分(一般指形容词)做题:

9、名词题解题方法:

⑴、名词做主语时,谓语或表语就是线索:

⑵、名词做宾语时,谓语动词就是线索:

⑶、根据已有名词判断所选名词:

__A__ of the letter

A. publication

B. release(letter要用复数形式)

C. printing(letter要用复数形式)

⑷、根据名词前后介词判断名词:

reason for、explanation for、research into、confidence in、confident of、specialist in、by contrast、approach to、answer to、key to

⑸、当名词后出现定语从句或同位语从句,从句就是线索:

need the _A_ that comes from success(表示褒义)

A. confidence

B. tolerance

10、形容词题的解题方法:

⑴、形容词做表语时,主语就是线索:

⑵、有的词修饰形容词时,副词就是线索:

⑶、有多个修饰成分同时修饰一个名词,答案就在修饰成分中

⑷、形容词修饰名词时,名词就是线索:

a __B__ of protest

A. rage

B. storm

11、副词题的解题方法:

⑴、主旨做题:

⑵、同义原则:

⑶、利用时态做题:

12、完形填空解题顺序:

先看选项

第1步红花绿叶原则

第2步逻辑关系题

第3步同义原则

第4步杀熟原则

再看文章

第1步not题(找not)

第2步and题(找and)

第3步表语题

第4步复现题

第5步v、n、adj、adv题

将有把握的题都做完之后:应用概率原则

二、完形填空常考语法解读:

① what只能引导主、宾、表语从句;

② what不能引导定语从句和同位语从句,也就是说what前不能有名词;

③ what后面的从句通常不完整。

相关知识:

①凡是从句部分不完整的,98%是定语从句,1%是what从句,1%是省略式状语从句。

②同位语从句、表语从句引导词只能用that,不能用which;只能用weather,不能用if。

2、as引导定语从句:

① as作关系代词引导定语从句,先行词可以是名词,也可以是句子;

例:He is honest, as we know.

② as引导定语从句,位置灵活:

例:As we know, he is honest.

③ as和which的区别:

a.在引导限制性定语从句时,as只能用在一些固定结构中,例如:

as … as、so … as、such … as、the same … as

例:He has many books, which are displayed here.

He has as many books as are displayed here.

b. 在引导非限制性定语从句时,用as表示从句与从句是一致关系,而用which则表示关系不一致。例:He has been married, as we expect.

He has been married, which is unexpected.

3、than引导定语从句:

① than作为关系代词引导定语从句;

②主句要有比较级;

③ than后面从句缺主语;

④引导定语从句时,对比成分不明显,而引导比较状语从句时,对比成分很明显;

例:I am taller than you.

He drinks more wine than is good for his health.

如果主句有最高级,则必须用that。

4、but引导定语从句:

① but作关系代词引导定语从句;

②主句要有否定成分;

③ but相当于that … not或who … not。

例:There is no one but errs. = There is no one that doesn’t err.

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