外文翻译-多用途组合机床

英文原文

Multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool time

Regarding the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, in the industrial field has many names to describe it, like “the multitasking installment”, “the multi-purpose engine beds”, “the multi-procedure production system” and so on, it may be called the processing domain truly the nova, may reduce the cost, the simplified disposition, and has maintained in the US territory produces. Inthe past only then used the duty which many machine operations could complete, now may concentrate to an engine bed on processes completes.

As a result of market demand's unceasing change, the product life cycle is reducing unceasingly, today's market more intense demand multitasking installment concept. Carries out the fine profit management when the entire production environment, compared to having not concentrated the components processing to a machine on completes a finer profit.

Some tradition's manufacturing industry manufacturer thought that the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools are too complex,very difficult to find the appropriate operators also the difficult problem innovates on the spot on the insufficiency for the metal working Basic principle and in the Production workshop related new engine bed use solution aspect training.

Intuition type technical control

The equipment use “carries off the quantity of heat” the type design, has different material which the lathe bed, the steeliness straight line rolling guide, on the steeliness revolving tool box saddle, the equipment uses, all these combine make an engine bed together. These with the thermal conductivity, the volume expansion are related. All different size's thing can by the different speed growth.

As a result of this reason, needs to make the hot friendly engine bed, with the aim of knowing gives off heat the weak point in where, can compensate through the reasonable engine bed design. The part is the entire journey movement. The engine bed glide produces rubs and transform hotly. The machining produces the hot filings fall to the different place, the refrigerant can mix in the entire process in which. Will present the different temperature province continually on the cutting tool, will therefore also have many things to have the influence to the thermostability. The cutting tool technology turned the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools has had the milling and cutting power “the versatile machine”.

According to the material introduced that the most remarkable characteristic is in these engine bed whole has the intuition. The anti-collision preservation technology was already mature, in certain circumstances, even if uses the manual operation pattern, can also avoid the occurrence which collides. Because the control software has the very good intuition, the user operation friendly degree unceasingly is also enhancing. Believe the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools by its survivability world-wide in the more different processing scenes.

The off-line programming optimization and the NC automatic control system's formation already made this technology to be easier to accept, when therefore uses the procedure when the engine bed, does not need to spend many time tune-up procedure and confirmed that some part does not have the question. If components need to provide the high and low two revolving tool box saddle simultaneously to carry on the rough machining, in this kind of situation the programming is quite difficult, because it needs two revolving tool box saddles also to feed. The AdMac system may realize tool rest's automatic programming which simultaneously feeds to these, and can cause the correct main axle speed, the correct feed rate and so on all parameters to realize the synchronization.

Okuma Corporation's collision avoidance system design based on actual processing operating mode anti-collision simulation, therefore, if the operator has installed the wrong cutting tool or has established the wrong parameter, the control system will examine and prevents the engine bed to enter the processing condition. Through cooperates with the Siemens, INDEX Corporation may provide the 3D pattern now “the hypothesized engine bed”, has custom-made according to some specific model's engine bed. The result indicated that the simulation processes not only the fabricated parts and the actual end product is similar, is the one-to-one copy simply.

The intuition type control interface, the simulation as well as other software technique are progressive, the more Production workshops have opened wide the front door to the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, but if does not have the corresponding knowledge to train and to solve the question creativity, the manufacturer is also very difficult to realize and the full use advanced engine bed flexibility aspect superiority. The work which does to the machine are more, the machine will be more complex, also needs to have the stronger skill person correspondingly to be able to operate it.

If machinist past one day operated 3 engine beds, then he has this kind of multi-purpose engine bed now, might produce more components. More importantly, he may draw support from software's help to cause the production efficiency to be higher, regarding transformation processing components preparation, may also establish the processing craft plan. Because the replacement components need to lower 3 main axles, therefore before replacing the components, the workshop should process as far as possible many components. Regarding the multi-purpose engine beds, the transformation components speed is quick, the production batch of time interval is shorter, the stock is lower, the production efficiency is higher. Can use multi-purpose engine bed's some workshops fully, very quick will discover the post function the unification. Now, a workshop may only use an operator, an adjuster and a programming teacher, in the future these 3 work definitely may do by a person.

In the traditional post description the machinist will transit becomes one to adjust engineer, if this engineer the familiar components processing programming, that were also more ideal. Regarding such transformation, training has been simple, so long as trains 1 individual line, but is not 3

individuals. Looking from the long views, this will provide to the people the higher post degree of satisfaction. When adjusts engineer to be responsible to process the programming, and pays attention to the components processing personally time the entire process, he completely has become this components control. In addition, but should also makes more effort in the cutting tool choice and the programming aspect, must make any model the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool to succeed, the workshop needs to provide the skilled machinist, has ability and completes many kinds of operations nimbly. Therefore, crosswise training was at any time in the past more important. Regarded as the milling and the lathe work the different belongs to their time. Regarding personnel who will program, will understand the engine bed and controls it, this will be their ability manifestation.

The cutting tool will choose most people not to install the passenger vehicle tire to the race car on, but processed the cutting tool to have such situation. The cutting tool should match with the new engine bed, is conceivably redundant on the new engine bed uses the old cutting tool to the production efficiency influence. In order to match the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, the new cutting tool and the cutting tool adapter technology was already developed. At present the industrial field is developing the development the processing cutting tool, may complete the turning on the identical tool rest, boring and drills truncates the processing, is only processes the phase to differ from regarding the work piece angle. The processing operates the difference even confuses is unclear. The new processing cutting tool may complete the milling and the turning. The machinery automation technology first starts from the 1920s in the machine manufacture cold finishing production in enormous quantities process to develop the application, after in the 60s, to adapt the market demand and the change, for the enhancement machine-building industry to the market nimble rapid reaction's ability, starts to establish the variable automation production system,namely revolves the computer technology the flexible automation. It is in the manufacture system invariable or in the change small situation, the machinery equipment either production management process through the automatic detection, the information processing, the analysis judgment realizes the anticipated operation or some kind of process automatically, and can from make one kind of components to transform automatically to makes another kind of different components. The social practice proved that under this kind of definition's manufacture system automation and the contemporary majority enterprises are not actually accommodating. The contemporary society also not in the science and technology, the material and the personnel aspect prepares to realize this automated condition, insists such to do only meets the wasted effort. This kind of situation is not exceptional regarding the separate production method's machine-building industry, the difficulty can bigger.

The aggregate machine-tool future development more use transmissions and so on variable speed motor and ball bearing guide screw,will simplify structure, the reduction production metre; Uses the numerical control system and the headstock, the jig automatic replacement system, enhances

the craft controllability; As well as integrates the flexible manufacture system and so on.

中文译文

多用途组合机床

对于多功能组合机床，在工业领域有许多名字来描述它，如“多任务处理装置”，“多功能机床”，“多工序生产系统”等，它确实可称为加工领域的新星，可降低成本，简化配置，和一直保持在美国本土生产。在过去，只有使用多机操作才能完成的任务，现在可以集中到一台机床上加工完成。

由于市场需求的不断变化，产品生命周期不断减少，今天的市场需求也更加强烈，多任务处理装置的概念。实施精益管理在整个生产环境，并没有集中的零件加工到机器上完成一个更好的利润。

一些传统的制造业厂商认为，多功能组合机床是太复杂，要找到合适的运营商也难的问题，创新对金属加工的基本原理的不足，在生产车间相关的新机床使用的解决方案方面的训练地点非常困难。

直觉型的技术控制

设备使用“带走热量”式的设计，有不同的材料，床身，钢制直线滚动导轨，在钢制转塔刀架，设备的使用，所有这些结合在一起，使发动机的床。这些与导热系数，体积膨胀是相关的。所有不同大小的东西能以不同的速度增长。

由于这个原因，要使发动机热友好床，以了解发热的薄弱点在哪里，可以补偿通过合理的机床的设计。该部分是整个旅程的运动。机床滑动摩擦热产生和变换。机械加工产生的热屑落在不同的地方，制冷剂可以混合在整个过程。将不同温度省不断的切割工具，因此也会有很多事情要对热稳定性的影响。切削刀具技术将多功能组合机床有铣削动力”的多功能机”。据资料介绍，最显著的特点是在这些机床的整体直觉。防撞保护技术已经成熟，在某些情况下，即使使用人工操作模式，也能避免发生碰撞。由于控制软件有很好的直觉，用户操作友好程度也在不断提高。相信多功能组合机床以其生存能力在全球多个不同处理的场景。

离线编程的优化和自动控制系统的形成已成为该技术更容易接受，所以当使用程序时，机床，不需要花很多时间调整程序，确认了部分没有问题。如果组件需要提供高、低两个转塔刀架同时进行粗加工，在这种情况下，程序是相当困难的，因为它需要两转塔刀架也喂。该ADMAC 系统可以实现刀架的自动编程，同时将这些，可以使正确的主轴速度，正确的进给速度等参数的同步实现。

日本大隈公司的防撞系统的设计基于实际加工操作模式的防碰撞仿真，因此，如果运营商已经安装了错误的切割工具或建立了错误的参数，控制系统将检查和防止机床进入加工条件。通过与西门子公司合作，指数可能提供3D模式现在“虚拟机床”，定制根据一些具体模型的机床。结果表明，模拟过程不仅制造零件和实际的最终产品是相似的，是一份简单的。

直觉式控制接口，仿真以及其它软件技术的进步，更多的生产车间有敞开的多功能组合机床的大门，但如果没有训练，和解决问题的创造力的相关知识，制造商也很难实现，充分利用先进的机床的灵活性方面的优势。本机所做的工作越多，机器将更加复杂，也需要有较强的技能的人也能操作。

如果有一天工过去经营3机床，然后他有这种多功能机床现在，可能会产生更多的成分。更重要的是，他可以从软件的帮助支持，使生产效率更高，对于变换处理组件的制备，也可建立加工工艺方案。因为更换部件需要降低3主轴，因此在更换组件，车间应过程尽可能多的成分。对于多功能机床组件，转换速度快，时间间隔的生产批次是短的，股价较低，生产效率高。可以使用多功能机床的一些车间充分，很快就会发现后功能的统一。现在，一个车间只可使用一个运算符，调节器和一个编程的老师，在未来这3项工作一定会做的人。

在传统的岗位描述机械师将运输成为一个调整的工程师，如果工程师熟悉的零件加工程序，这也更理想。对于这样的转变，训练一直很简单，只要列车1个人的线，而不是3个人。从长远观点看，这将给人们提供满意的高度。当调整工程师负责处理程序，并且注意零件加工的个人时间的整个过程中，他完全成了这部分的控制。此外，还应该做更多的努力在刀具选择和规划方面，必须使任何模型的多功能组合机床成功，车间需要提供技术熟练的机械师，有能力完成各种操作灵活。因此，交叉训练是过去任何时候更重要。作为铣床和车床工作不同的属于自己的时间。有关人员将程序，将了解机床和控制它，这将是他们的能力表现。

切削工具将大多数人都选择不安装轿车轮胎的赛车，但加工刀具有这样的情况。刀具应与新机床的匹配，是可以想象的冗余在新机床使用旧的刀具生产效率的影响。为了配合多功能组合机床，新的切削刀具和切削工具适配器技术已经开发。目前工业领域发展发展的加工刀具，可完成打开相同的刀架，镗、钻削加工，是唯一的过程相位不同于对工件的角。加工操作的差异甚至混淆不清了。新加工的刀具可以完成铣削和车削。

机械自动化技术从20世纪20年代在机械制造冷加工大批量生产过程中的开发应用，在60年代，以适应市场的需求和变化，为增强机械制造业对市场灵活快速反应的能力，开始建立可变自动化生产系统，即围绕计算机技术的柔性自动化。它是在制造系统不变或变化较小的情况下，机器设备或生产管理过程中通过自动检测，信息处理，分析判断实现预期的操作或某种过程的自动化，并能从一种组件将自动使另一种不同的组件。社会实践证明，这种定义下的制造系统自动化与当代大多数企业不适应。当代社会也不是在科学和技术，材料和人员方面的准备去实现这种自动化的条件，坚持这样做只会事倍功半。这种情况也不例外对于单独的生产方法的机械制造业，难度会更大。

组合机床未来的发展更多地使用传输等调速电动机和滚珠丝杠，简化结构，降低生产节拍；采用数字控制系统和主轴箱，夹具自动更换系统，提高了工艺的可控性；以及将柔性制造系统等。