2021届江苏省第一次百校联考英语试题

2021届江苏省百校联考高三年级第一次试卷

英语

注意事项：

1.谷卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标如需改动，用橡皮擦于净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回签非选择题时，将答案答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅一遍。例：How much is the shirt?

A.￡19.15.

B.￡9.18.

C.￡9.15.

答案是C.

1.What does Miss Jamison think Ted should do?

A.Drive faster.

B.Leave home earlier.

C.Check the weather forecast.

2.How often do the woman's parents call her?

A.Twice a week.

B.Twice a month.

C.Once a month. 3.Where will the man probably write his paper? A.At home. B.At the library. C.In a computer lab. 4.Where does the conversation take place? A.At the gym. B.At a movie theater. C.At school. 5 What is the conversation mainly about? A.Borrowing notes. B.Taking a math class. C.Visiting the amusement park 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5) 听下面5段对话或独日。母段对估或独白后有几个小题，从题中所结的A、B、C最佳选项。

听每按对的或独日前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听小题将给出5秒钟的作答时。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.What is the woman looking for?

A.A shopping mall.

B.A car repair shop.

C.An information office.

7.What is the Town Guide according to the man?

A.A brochure.

B.A map.

C.A magazine.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Why did the woman fail to see all of the collections at the museum?

A.The museum is too large.

B.Only the jade exhibit was open.

C She spent too much time on the jade exhibit.

9.What did the woman like most!

A. The primitive tools of Peking Man.

B.The artistic works from the Qing Dynasty.

C.The jade collection from the early period.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.What might be the relationship between Lisa and Nancy?

A.Sisters.

B.Friends.

C.Mother and daughter.

11.What does Lisa plan to do on Saturday night?

A.To see her parents.

B.To look after Nancy.

C.To hold another party.

12.What present does the man want Lisa to bring? A.Nothing. B.Anything. C.Pizza. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What might the woman's job be? A.A diver. B.A lifeguard. C.A swimming instructor. 14.Who called the ambulance? A.The man's colleague. B.The woman. C.One of the students. 15.When did the ambulance arrive? A.Twenty minutes later. B.Ten minutes later. C.Five minutes later. 16.How did the girl react when she awoke? A.She cried. B.She tried to comfort her parents. C.She wanted to go back in the pool. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.How does the club end a season? A.With a dinner. B.With a travel. C.With a picnic. 18.How many teams will the club have this year? A.9. B.14. C.15. 19.When do senior games start? A.At 8:30 a.m. B.At 2:00 p.m.A C.At 2:30 p.m. 20.What does the speaker mainly talk about? A.The Soccer Club's games. B.The Soccer Club's foundation. C.The Soccer Club's arrangements. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Hiking Trails(路线）for Families on Long Island

Planting Fields Arboretum State Historic Park,Oyster Bay

INFO:9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily;$8 per carload on weekends only

＂Nearly half the 409 acres of the former estate of the W.R.Coe family and current state park arboretum(植物园）property is woodland that includes nature walks and a greenhouse,” confirmed by Brian Ne aring,an officer at New York State Parks.Expect to see lots of wildlife,from foxes and squirrels to birds of prey,such as red-tailed hawks

and great horned owls,a delight for kids.

Connetquot River State Park Preserve,Oakdale

INFO:8 a.m.to 4 p.m.$8 parking fee daily,631-581-1005,parks.ny.gou.

Casey,vice president of the Long Island Greenbelt Trail Conference,recommends this park for families because they can hike any part of the 50 miles.Along the way,hikers at Connetquot River State Park Preserve might see deer,waterfowl and ospreys(鱼鹰）。

Southampton trails

INFO:Park in museum parking lot at 377 Bridgehampton-Sag Harbor Tpke.,Bridge-hampton.No parking fee.

The Southampton Trail Preservation Society runs many guided trails in the Hamptons, some suitable for even small children.Behind the South Fork Natural History Museum in Bridgehampton is a small field that surrounds around it and usually has butterflies and birds flying about.

Blydenburgh County Park,Hauppauge

INFO:Daun to dusk.Northern entrance is at the end of New Mill Road.No parking fee.

The east side is flat,making the walk very kid-friendly.The west side is a bit more hilly, but both have spectacular water views of the pond.On the east side is also the rowboat license that opens on Memorial Day and benches,as well as picnic tables.When you're at Blyden-burgh County Park,go in the north entrance off New Mill Road near Route 347,where the main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated.The office can provide information and maps.The start of the trails also is here.

1. Which trail charges for parking every day?

A. Southampton trails.

B. Blydenburgh County Park.

C. Connetquot River State Park Preserve.

D. Planting fields Arboretum State Historic Park

2. What are Southampton trail special about?

A. They include a lot of guided trails.

B. There are rare birds along the way.

C. They cover the longest hiking route.

D. They re specially designed for small kids.

3. What can We learn about Blydenburgh County Park?

A. Many hills lie on the east side.

B. Maps are offered at the office near the north entrance.

C. The trails usually start at the east entrance.

D. A picnic table can be available on the west side.

B

In the morning, when we arrived on foot at Dumont d’Urville, the French scientific base on the A delie Coast of Est Antarctica, we had to break up a thin layer of ice that had formed over the hole we had drilled the day before. The hole went right through the 10-foot-thick ice-berg. It was just wide enough for a man, and below it lay the sea. We had never tried to dive through such a small opening. I went first. Pushing and pulling with hands, knees, heels and the tips of my swim fins, I moved through the hole.

The bottom surface of the sea ice is a thick mixture of floating ice blocks, and my fall had set them in motion. They were meeting on the hole as if it had been an upside-down drain. By the time I pushed one arm into the icy blocks, it was three feet thick. Grabbing the safety rope, I was scared and pulled myself up inch by inch, but my shoulders got stuck. Suddenly I was astonished by a sharp blow to the head: Cedric Gentil, one of my dive buddies, was trying to dig me out, and his spade(锹)had struck my skull. Finally, a hand grabbed mine and dragged me into the air. Today's dive was over-but it was only one of 32.

I've come here with another photographer, Vincent Munier, at the invitation of filmmaker Luc Jacquet, who's working on a sequel(续集)to his 2005 accomplishment, March of the Penguins. While Jacquet films emperor penguins and Munier photographs them, my team will document life under the sea ice.

I've worked for decades as a deep-diving photographer, at first in the Mediterranean Sea, where I learned to dive 30 years ago. Later, a passion for new mysteries took me elsewhere. I've dived to 400 feet off South Africa to photograph rare coelacanths(a large fish),and for 24 straight hours off Fakarava, in French Polynesia ,to witness the pairing of 17,000 groupers, but this exploration to Antarctica is unlike any other. Here we'll be diving deeper than anyone has dived before under Antarctic ice-and the conditions will be beyond harsh.

4. Why was the layer of ice the author chose thin?

A. Because it was formed more recently.

B. Because it was near their research base.

C. Because the water there was shallower.

D. Because the temperature there was higher.

5. What frightened the author when he wanted to return to the surface?

A. The safety rope was missing.

B. Floating ice blocks were about to fill the hole.

C. An unknown creature attacked him

D. His workmate hit his head

6. Why did the author dive to the Antarctica?

A. To record his travel in the sea

B. To conduct a research under the sea.

C. To photograph the pairing of penguins.

D. To shoot the sea-born life for Jacquet.

7. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?

A. Introduce his achievements.

B. Show his special interest in diving.

C. Stress that the exploration to Antarctica was unique.

D. Add some scientific background information.

C

You go to the coffee shop and take your coffee to go.You enjoy your drink,and then throw the paper cup in the garbage.Or do you put it in the recycling?It's confusing.A lot of us-people everywhere-are using to-go cups these days."A recent report said that there are 600 billion cups—billion with a"b' — that are produced and sold globally on an annual basis. So that's a lot,"says Christy Slay with The Sustainability Consortium.Starbucks alone says it contributes 1 percent of those disposable(一次性的）cups:That's an estimated 6 billion cups a year.

To help reduce those numbers,Starbucks and McDonald's are launching a three-year project to build a better cup:one that's both fully recyclable and compostable(可用作堆肥的）.Here's the big problem with the paper ones you get there and in other coffee shops."They look like paper,but they actually have a thin layer of plastic on the inside,"Slay says.That plastic coating keeps the cups from leaking.The problem is that it also makes the cups really hard to recycle,and only a few facilities in the world can do it.

A few companies have already rolled out compostable coffee cups.But Dylan de Thomas with The Recycling Partnership says there is a problem with those cups,too."Typically they're compostable in industrial settings,so hot your backyard compost that you and I might have,but at fairly technically advanced composting facilities."There aren't a lot of those facilities around,either.

So why exactly,in the 21st century, is it so hard to produce a better paper cup?"It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable, says Bridget Croke with Closed Loop Partners,a firm working to build what they call a circular economy.It’s a fancy way of talking about turning waste into value.Almost anything is technically recyclable,Croke says."But recycling is a business,and if materials can't move through the recycling system and be turned into a product that has value,they're

not functionally recyclable."

8. What are people puzzled at about the paper cup?

A. How to deal with the used one.

B. Why people reject it carelessly.

C. What makes it hard to compost.

D. Why Starbucks uses so many cups.

9. How does the plastic layer of the paper cup function?

A. It helps make the cup more portable.

B. It makes the cup easily recyclable.

C. It prevents the water from escaping.

D. It promotes the extended use of the cup.

10. What does Bridget Croke think of recycling the cup?

A. Its future is promising.

B. It is not a profitable business.

C. Its technical problems are unsolvable.

D. A more recyclable cup will be put into the market.

11. What can be the best title for the text?

A. How can we design a better paper cup?

B. Why is it so hard to recycle paper cups?

C. What can we do to lessen the need of paper cups?

D. What damage do paper cups cause to our environment!

D

How can we possibly cope with the large amount of information about virus spread,stock market nosedives,canceled plans and uncertainty about the future?Some people are buried in the fear,anxiety and sadness,checking news sites and social media constantly.Others try to suppress it all and ignore the outside world(I'm guessing that Instagram has never seen so much traffic).

There's a third option,though.Rather than fully involving in the negative or ignoring it, we can do our best to experience joy alongside everything else that is sad in the world.In fact, research that I and others have conducted suggests that allowing the two different emotions to coexist may actually benefit us in the long run.

Dr.Jeff Larsen and his colleagues coined something known as the"coactivation model of mixed emotions",and the basic idea is that we may be able to deal with,and learn from negative emotions like sadness if we experience them

concurrently with positive emotions like joy at the same time.Here,positive emotions provide a psychological buffer(缓冲），making it easier for people to deal with the things they don't want to face.

The comedian Mitch Hedberg proposed an analogy that captures this essence quite well, noting that“it would be cool if you could eat a carrot with an onion ring and they would travel down to your stomach.Then they would get there,and the carrot would say,'It's cool,he's with me .’ Applied to our emotional lives,we could do a better job in digesting,processing gaining insight into the negative events in our lives if we could do so alongside the positive.

Several years ago,my partner Jon Adler and I set out to test this exact idea.Specifically, we looked at sample of adult volunteers who signed up or weekly mental health therapy sessions.Between each week,they reported the feelings they were having and also took a few questionnaires that were meant to assess their overall health.This design allowed us to examine how different emotional experiences would impact mental health in a longitudinal fashion,over the course of 12 weeks.

12. What does the author recommend people to do with a flood of bad news?

A. Take no notice of it at all.

B. Make better plans to fight against it.

C. Take in all of the negative emotions.

D. Involve in the negative and enjoy happiness as well.

13. Which of the following may Jeff Larsen agree with?

A. Mixed emotions remain to be proved.

B. The negative emotion is easy to deal with.

C. The positive emotion makes it easier for people to succeed.

D. Mixed emotions allow people to handle the negative better.

14. What does the underlined word"analogy" in paragraph 4 mean?

A. Exhibition.

B. Promotion.

C. Similarity.

D. Requirement.

15. Why were lots of questions asked during the research?

A. To measure the volunteers health on the whole.

B. To record what the volunteers are experiencing.

C. To treat the mental diseases of the adults.

D. To overturn the theory coactivation model of mixed emotions.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Riding bikes should be fun,and in order to have the most fun out there,we rounded up the best beginner cycling

tips to help you get rolling.

___16___.

Experiencing pain in the front of your knee?Your seat might be too low,causing you to under-extend during your pedal stroke.This is a common mistake among beginners because most people feel more comfortable and confident if their feet can reach the ground.

Get a bike fit

___17___.The seat height should be high enough to give you a very slight bend in your knee when your feet are at the bottom of the pedal stroke,as mentioned above.Proper reach means your arms make a 45-degree angle over the bike.Too long,and your back will be sore reaching for the handlebars___18___.

Avoid doing too much too soon

One of the biggest sources of injury comes from trying to take on too much mileage before you're

ready.___19___.Similarly,if you're on a training ride,don't start too fast and risk burnout and fatigue in the second half.Warm un during the first third of the ride,and then settle into a rhythm for the second.

Learn how to ride in a group

Group rides have their own rules for a reason.___20___.If it's your first time ring with a new group,hang out in the back,observe and ask for help if you need it.No question is a dumb question when your own safety and the safety of the group is at stake.

A. Choose the right bike

B. Set your seat height right

C. Maybe you love riding non-competitively with a group

D. It's easy to cause a crash if your riding isn't predictable

E. Too short,and your knees will be too close to your arms

F. To get the right fit,two elements are key:seat height and reach

G. Build up slowly,ease in,and give your body time to.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。

Dana Gendreau,46,an Ohio mom,read in the newspaper about high school football players who continued to take the ___21___ despite not having food to eat at home or even a place to call home.Immediately,she got in touch with the head football coach at Hughes High School,Chris Mobley.

Because her 10-year-old son also played football,she knew how ___22___ proper nutrition is for athletes so she decided to start buying fruit and high-protein snacks for the players at Hughes High.She also ___23___ other parents

on her son's youth football team to see if they would want to ___24___.The response was ___25___.Since September.Gendreau and the other football parents have been able to provide nearly$500 of groceries each week for the Hughes football team.Soon after Gendreau began organizing the ___26___.the high school team began winning games-something Mobley ___27___ to Gendreau' s generosity."Practices now have been full of ___28___,"Mobley said."I think that is a direct reflection of Gendreau."

But Gendreau remains ___29___and said it's just her way of paying it forward.When she was little,she

____30____ homelessness herself,but one ____31____ act from her coach shifted her focus."I remember one of my coaches gave me a Christmas gift of money so I could ____32____ a pair of shoes for the sport,"she said."That never ____33____ me,the kindness she showed me.I knew that no matter what ____34____ in my life,I was going to help others."Gendreau eventually hopes this story will ____35____ others to fulfill needs in their own communities.

21. A. field B. chance C. advice D. risk

22. A. convenient B. expensive C. significant D. sensitive

23. A. contacted B. confused C. conducted D. convinced

24. A. hang around B. join in C. show off D. bring up

25. A. disappointing B. integrated C. skeptical D. enthusiastic

26. A. institutions B. conferences C. investigations D. donations

27. A. casts B. owes C. devotes D. points

28. A. variety B. peace C. energy D. regret

29. A. optimistic B. modest C. careful D. reliable

30.A. experienced B. discovered C. misunderstood D. predicted 31. A. painful B. brave C. awkward D. kind 32 A. purchase B. award C. promise D. deliver 33. A. touched B. warned C. left D. charged 34. A. failed B. happened C. rested D. wandered 35. A. force B. advise C. discourage D. stimulate 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Why do squirrels spend their time in trees and chipmunks(花栗鼠) prefer the ground? The answer has a lot to do

with ____36____ chipmunks and squirrels spend their winters. Chipmunks winter in vast underground shelters. Those homes, complete with hidden entrances, can stretch for as long as 30 feet, as LiveScience explains. And all of

that space for a single occupant. That's the kind of _____37_____(secure)a nervous chipmunk evidently needs to fall into a type of torpor(迟缓).

Not to ____38____(confuse)with hibernation(冬眠), torpor is more like extreme laziness. Before the cold season, chipmunks don't pack on the calories as some animals do. Instead, ____39____(it) will stuff their cheeks with nuts, curl up into a little ball and reduce their body temperature and even their heart rate. In that way, when they need to wake up, they can pop out even mid-winter, for a bite to eat.

Tree squirrels, on the other hand, don't hibernate ___40___ fall into any other kind of torpor. Instead, as The Conversation notes, they hang out in the relative safety of trees,___41___ also happen to double as their storerooms. You may have noticed how busy tree squirrels are in fall,___42___(search)for every last seed and nut that can be found and stocking their tree homes with enough food ___43___(get)them through winter. Although tree squirrels ____44____(be)awake over winter, you won't see many of them. That's because they're _____45_____(basic) wintering in their cozy trees.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校交换生Peter在校乒乓球比赛中取得了第二名的好成绩。请你给他写一封电子邮件表示祝贺，内容包括：

1.写信目的；

2.肯定其付出。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter,

____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua 第二节（满分25分）

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

There are a number of volunteer organizations out there that deal in things like clothing donation and the sale of remaining books. Retired schoolteacher Cathy McAllister has been a member of such an organization, VNSA, since

2012.Her duties in this regard involve working throughout the year to help prepare the books for their February sale and acting as personnel chair for the sale itself. This means that she helps coordinate(协调)all the other volunteers that help out before, during, and after the event.

It was before the 2019 book sale and Cathy once again found herself sitting among a towering pile of books and sorting through them to ensure that they would be in go0d enough condition to resell. As she was sorting, she came upon a book. The slightly broken book was in fair condition but it was one of four copies she had already found, and she a saved three of those already. The others had been much more gently used as well. Though she didn't like doing it, she had done this long enough to know that the only remaining choice was to throw it into the pile for repurposing.

A greedy book lover herself, Cathy felt guilty about throwing away a perfectly good book. Before she threw it away, she decided to check for more serious damage inside that might justify her giving it up. She opened the cover and moved to fan through the pages when she noticed something unusual.

When she opened the cover, Cathy was surprised to see that a part had been hollowed out inside the book. It looked as though someone had taken an X-Acto knife and rather expertly hollowed out a significant space. What's more, the book's previous owner had chosen to hide something in that space. She looked down and saw that someone had hidden four packages in the space, each containing ten$100 bills. Cathy's first thought was that the bills were toy money that perhaps a kid had hidden inside as part of some childish game or something.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

But Cathy soon realized that these were real $100 bills.

____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________

Luckily for Cathy, the book also contained the name of the book owner.

____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________

答案解析

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Hiking Trails(路线）for Families on Long Island

Planting Fields Arboretum State Historic Park,Oyster Bay

INFO:9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily;$8 per carload on weekends only

＂Nearly half the 409 acres of the former estate of the W.R.Coe family and current state park arboretum(植物园）property is woodland that includes nature walks and a greenhouse,” confirmed by Brian Nearing,an officer at New York State Parks.Expect to see lots of wildlife,from foxes and squirrels to birds of prey,such as red-tailed hawks and great horned owls,a delight for kids.

Connetquot River State Park Preserve,Oakdale

INFO:8 a.m.to 4 p.m.$8 parking fee daily,631-581-1005,parks.ny.gou.

Casey,vice president of the Long Island Greenbelt Trail Conference,recommends this park for families because they can hike any part of the 50 miles.Along the way,hikers at Connetquot River State Park Preserve might see deer,waterfowl and ospreys(鱼鹰）。

Southampton trails

INFO:Park in museum parking lot at 377 Bridgehampton-Sag Harbor Tpke.,Bridge-hampton.No parking fee.

The Southampton Trail Preservation Society runs many guided trails in the Hamptons, some suitable for even small children.Behind the South Fork Natural History Museum in Bridgehampton is a small field that surrounds around it and usually has butterflies and birds flying about.

Blydenburgh County Park,Hauppauge

INFO:Daun to dusk.Northern entrance is at the end of New Mill Road.No parking fee.

The east side is flat,making the walk very kid-friendly.The west side is a bit more hilly, but both have spectacular water views of the pond.On the east side is also the rowboat license that opens on Memorial Day and benches,as well as picnic tables.When you're at Blyden-burgh County Park,go in the north entrance off New Mill Road near Route 347,where the main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated.The office can provide information and maps.The start of the trails also is here.

1. Which trail charges for parking every day?

A. Southampton trails.

B. Blydenburgh County Park.

C. Connetquot River State Park Preserve.

D. Planting fields Arboretum State Historic Park

2. What are Southampton trail special about?

A. They include a lot of guided trails.

B. There are rare birds along the way.

C. They cover the longest hiking route.

D. They re specially designed for small kids. 3. What can We learn about Blydenburgh County Park? A. Many hills lie on the east side. B. Maps are offered at the office near the north entrance. C. The trails usually start at the east entrance. D. A picnic table can be available on the west side. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长岛的几条家庭徒步旅行路线。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Connetquot River State Park Preserve,Oakdale部分的$8 parking fee daily可知，Connetquot

River State Park Preserve每天都收费。故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Southampton trails部分的The Southampton Trail Preservation Society runs many guided trails in the Hamptons, some suitable for even small children.（南安普顿小径保护协会在汉普顿有许多有向导的小径，有些甚至适合小孩子。）可知，这个远足机构经营着很多有导游的路线。故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Blydenburgh County Park部分的When you're at Blyden-burgh County Park,go in the north entrance off New Mill Road near Route 347,where the main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated.The

office can provide information and maps.（当你在布莱顿-伯格县公园时，从347号公路附近的新米尔路(New Mill Road)的北入口出发，那里是绿带步道会议(Greenbelt Trail Conference)的主要办公室。办公室可以提供信息和地图。）可知，可以在靠近北入口的办公室获得地图。故选B。

B

In the morning, when we arrived on foot at Dumont d’Urville, the French scientific base on the Adelie Coast of Est Antarctica, we had to break up a thin layer of ice that had formed over the hole we had drilled the day before. The hole went right through the 10-foot-thick ice-berg. It was just wide enough for a man, and below it lay the sea. We had never tried to dive through such a small opening. I went first. Pushing and pulling with hands, knees, heels and the tips of my swim fins, I moved through the hole.

The bottom surface of the sea ice is a thick mixture of floating ice blocks, and my fall had set them in motion. They were meeting on the hole as if it had been an upside-down drain. By the time I pushed one arm into the icy blocks, it was three feet thick. Grabbing the safety rope, I was scared and pulled myself up inch by inch, but my shoulders got stuck. Suddenly I was astonished by a sharp blow to the head: Cedric Gentil, one of my dive buddies, was trying to dig me out, and his spade(锹)had struck my skull. Finally, a hand grabbed mine and dragged me into the air. Today's dive was over-but it was only one of 32.

I've come here with another photographer, Vincent Munier, at the invitation of filmmaker Luc Jacquet, who's working on a sequel(续集)to his 2005 accomplishment, March of the Penguins. While Jacquet films emperor penguins and Munier photographs them, my team will document life under the sea ice.

I've worked for decades as a deep-diving photographer, at first in the Mediterranean Sea, where I learned to dive 30 years ago. Later, a passion for new mysteries took me elsewhere. I've dived to 400 feet off South Africa to photograph rare coelacanths(a large fish),and for 24 straight hours off Fakarava, in French Polynesia ,to witness the pairing of 17,000 groupers, but this exploration to Antarctica is unlike any other. Here we'll be diving deeper than anyone has dived before under Antarctic ice-and the conditions will be beyond harsh.

4. Why was the layer of ice the author chose thin?

A. Because it was formed more recently.

B. Because it was near their research base.

C. Because the water there was shallower.

D. Because the temperature there was higher.

5. What frightened the author when he wanted to return to the surface?

A. The safety rope was missing.

B. Floating ice blocks were about to fill the hole.

C. An unknown creature attacked him

D. His workmate hit his head

6. Why did the author dive to the Antarctica?

A. To record his travel in the sea

B. To conduct a research under the sea.

C. To photograph the pairing of penguins.

D. To shoot the sea-born life for Jacquet.

7. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?

A. Introduce his achievements.

B. Show his special interest in diving.

C. Stress that the exploration to Antarctica was unique.

D. Add some scientific background information.

【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了身为摄影师的作者和同事一起去南极拍摄水下世界的经历，作者去过地中海，去过南非，法国宾夕法尼亚，但是这些拍摄经验都不如南极这么艰险，而且潜水的深度也不如南极那么深，而且条件异常艰辛。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中In the morning, when we arrived on foot at Dumont d’Urville, the French scientific base on the Adelie Coast of Est Antarctica, we had to break up a thin layer of ice that had formed over the hole we had drilled the day before.可知早晨，我们步行到了Dumont d’Urvill e，这是法国在南极洲东部阿德利海岸上的科学基地，我们要把昨天钻的洞上面形成的一层薄冰打碎。由此可知，作者选择薄的冰层，因为它是最近才形成的。故选A。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中The bottom surface of the sea ice is a thick mixture of floating ice blocks, and my fall had set them in motion. They were meeting on the hole as if it had been an upside-down drain. By the time I pushed one arm into the icy blocks, it was three feet thick. Grabbing the safety rope, I was scared and pulled myself up inch by inch, but my shoulders got stuck.可知海冰的底表面是一层厚厚的浮冰的混合物，我掉下去使它们动了起来。他们在那个洞上聚到了一起，就好像那是个倒挂着的下水道。当我把一只胳膊伸进冰冷的冰块时，它已经有三英尺厚了。抓住安全绳，我很害怕，一寸一寸地往上爬，但我的肩膀卡住了。由此可知，作者落入水中使水下的浮冰开始波动而后聚集堵住了洞口，因此作者很害怕。故选B。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中While Jacquet films emperor penguins and Munier photographs them, my team will document life under the sea ice.可知在Jacquet拍摄帝企鹅，Munier拍摄它们的同时，我的团队将记录海冰下的生物。由此可知，作者潜水到南极洲是为了给Jacquet拍摄海下生物。故选D。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段I've worked for decades as a deep-diving photographer, at first in the Mediterranean Sea, where I learned to dive 30 years ago. Later, a passion for new mysteries took me elsewhere. I've dived to 400 feet off South Africa to photograph rare coelacanths(a large fish),and for 24 straight hours off Fakarava, in French Polynesia ,to witness the pairing of 17,000 groupers, but this exploration to Antarctica is unlike any other. Here we'll be diving deeper than anyone has dived before under Antarctic ice-and the conditions will be beyond harsh.可知我做了几十年的潜水摄影师，最初是在地中海，30年前我在那里学会了潜水。后来，对新神秘事物的热情把我带到了别的地方。我曾潜到离南非400英尺的海底去拍摄罕见的腔棘鱼（一种大型鱼类），也曾在法国宾夕法尼亚的法卡拉瓦海岸连续24小时，亲眼目睹一万七千只石斑鱼，但这次南极探险不同于以往。在这里，我们将潜水到比任何人都深的南极冰层下，而且条件将会更加恶劣。由此可推知，最后一段作者用了对比的写法，比如作者去过地中海，去过南非，法国宾夕法尼亚，但是这些拍摄经验都不如南极这么艰险，而且潜水的深度也不如南极那么深，而且条件异常艰辛，可知作者在最后一段想要突出南极拍照经历的独特性和艰辛性。故选C。

C

You go to the coffee shop and take your coffee to go.You enjoy your drink,and then throw the paper cup in the garbage.Or do you put it in the recycling?It's confusing.A lot of us-people everywhere-are using to-go cups these days."A recent report said that there are 600 billion cups—billion with a"b' — that are produced and sold globally on an annual basis. So that's a lot,"says Christy Slay with The Sustainability Consortium.Starbucks alone says it contributes 1 percent of those disposable(一次性的）cups:That's an estimated 6 billion cups a year.

To help reduce those numbers,Starbucks and McDonald's are launching a three-year project to build a better cup:one that's both fully recyclable and compostable(可用作堆肥的）.Here's the big problem with the paper ones you get there and in other coffee shops."They look like paper,but they actually have a thin layer of plastic on the inside,"Slay says.That plastic coating keeps the cups from leaking.The problem is that it also makes the cups really hard to recycle,and only a few facilities in the world can do it.

A few companies have already rolled out compostable coffee cups.But Dylan de Thomas with The Recycling Partnership says there is a problem with those cups,too."Typically they're compostable in industrial settings,so hot your backyard compost that you and I might have,but at fairly technically advanced composting facilities."There aren't a lot of those facilities around,either.

So why exactly,in the 21st century, is it so hard to produce a better paper cup?"It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable, says Bridget Croke with Closed Loop Partners,a firm working to build what they call a circular economy.It’s a fancy

way of talking about turning waste into value.Almost anything is technically recyclable,Croke says."But recycling is a business,and if materials can't move through the recycling system and be turned into a product that has value,they're not functionally recyclable."

8. What are people puzzled at about the paper cup?

A. How to deal with the used one.

B. Why people reject it carelessly.

C. What makes it hard to compost.

D. Why Starbucks uses so many cups.

9. How does the plastic layer of the paper cup function?

A. It helps make the cup more portable.

B. It makes the cup easily recyclable.

C. It prevents the water from escaping.

D. It promotes the extended use of the cup.

10. What does Bridget Croke think of recycling the cup?

A. Its future is promising.

B. It is not a profitable business.

C.Its technical problems are unsolvable.

D. A more recyclable cup will be put into the market. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. How can we design a better paper cup? B. Why is it so hard to recycle paper cups? C. What can we do to lessen the need of paper cups? D. What damage do paper cups cause to our environment! 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么回收纸杯这么难。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二行Or do you put it in recycling? It’s confusing.可知，人们对于如何处理用过的纸杯很迷惑。故选A。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第三行That plastic coating keeps the cup from leaking.可知，塑料膜的存在是为了防止液体外渗。故选C。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句But recycling is a business,and if materials can't move through the recycling system and be turned into a product that has value,they're not functionally recyclable.（但回收是一项业务，如果材料不能通过回收系统转化为有价值的产品，它们就不能在功能上回收利用。）可知，因为无法将纸杯变成有价值的产品，产生经济效益，所以纸杯回收不是一个有效益的事情。故选B。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。文章第一段引出回收纸杯这一话题，接下来的段落通过一些具体的例子说明人们在回收纸杯这个问题上做出的努力以及回收纸杯并不是一件容易的事，特别是最后一段中的“It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable,”（在21世纪，为什么要生产出更好的纸杯会如此困难呢？其实这在技术上不一定很难，难的是使纸杯可回收，还需要克服一些技术问题）可知B项：So why exactly,in the 21st century, is it so hard to produce a better paper cup?"It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable为什么回收纸杯这么难？符合题意。故选B。

D

How can we possibly cope with the large amount of information about virus spread,stock market nosedives,canceled plans and uncertainty about the future?Some people are buried in the fear,anxiety and sadness,checking news sites and social media constantly.Others try to suppress it all and ignore the outside world(I'm guessing that Instagram has never seen so much traffic).

There's a third option,though.Rather than fully involving in the negative or ignoring it, we can do our best to experience joy alongside everything else that is sad in the world.In fact, research that I and others have conducted suggests that allowing the two different emotions to coexist may actually benefit us in the long run.

Dr.Jeff Larsen and his colleagues coined something known as the"coactivation model of mixed emotions",and the basic idea is that we may be able to deal with,and learn from negative emotions like sadness if we experience them concurrently with positive emotions like joy at the same time.Here,positive emotions provide a psychological buffer(缓冲），making it easier for people to deal with the things they don't want to face.

The comedian Mitch Hedberg proposed an analogy that captures this essence quite well, noting that“it would be

cool if you could eat a carrot with an onion ring and they would travel down to your stomach.Then they would get there,and the carrot would say,'It's cool,he's with me .’ Applied to our emotional lives,we could do a better job in digesting,processing gaining insight into the negative events in our lives if we could do so alongside the positive.

Several years ago,my partner Jon Adler and I set out to test this exact idea.Specifically, we looked at sample of adult volunteers who signed up or weekly mental health therapy sessions.Between each week,they reported the feelings they were having and also took a few questionnaires that were meant to assess their overall health.This design allowed us to examine how different emotional experiences would impact mental health in a longitudinal fashion,over the course of 12 weeks.

12. What does the author recommend people to do with a flood of bad news?

A. Take no notice of it at all.

B. Make better plans to fight against it.

C. Take in all of the negative emotions.

D. Involve in the negative and enjoy happiness as well.

13. Which of the following may Jeff Larsen agree with?

A. Mixed emotions remain to be proved.

B. The negative emotion is easy to deal with.

C. The positive emotion makes it easier for people to succeed.

D. Mixed emotions allow people to handle the negative better.

14. What does the underlined word"analogy" in paragraph 4 mean?

A. Exhibition.

B. Promotion.

C. Similarity.

D. Requirement.

15. Why were lots of questions asked during the research?

A. To measure the volunteers health on the whole.

B. To record what the volunteers are experiencing.

C. To treat the mental diseases of the adults.

D. To overturn the theory coactivation model of mixed emotions.

【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. A

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，让这快乐和悲伤这两种不同的情绪共存从长远来看可能对我们有益。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段Rather than fully involving in the negative or ignoring it, we can do our best to experience joy alongside everything else that is sad in the world.（与其完全沉浸在消极的事物中或者忽略它，我们可以尽我们最大的努力去体验快乐和世界上所有的悲伤。）可知，作者建议人们沉浸在消极情绪的同时，也能享受快乐。故选D。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二行...and learn from negative emotions like sadness if we experience them currently with positive emotions like joy at the same time.（如果我们同时经历悲伤等消极情绪和快乐等积极情绪，我们就能够处理这些情绪，并从中学习。）可推知，Jeff Larsen可能会同意同时感受悲喜可以使得人们更好的认识悲观情绪，从而让人们更好地处理负面情绪。故选D。

【14题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子The comedian Mitch Hedberg proposed an analogy that captures this essence quite well, noting that“it would be cool if you could eat a carrot with an onion ring and they would travel down to your stomach.（喜剧演员米奇·海德伯格(Mitch Hedberg)提出了一个类比，很好地抓住了这一本质，他说:“如果你吃胡萝卜时带着洋葱圈，它们会顺着你的胃蠕动，那就太酷了。”）可知，第四段仍然在表达这样的观点，即同时体验乐观情绪可以更好的了解悲观情绪，也就是这个人的观点和第三段的观点是相似的。故选C。

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第五段第三行...took a few questionnaires that were meant to assess their overall health。（他们做了一些问卷来评估他们的整体健康状况。）可知，调查问卷的目的是对健康做一个综合的评估。故选A。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不