定语从句讲解总结
定语从句讲解
一．定语从句1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，
如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy
是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，
如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。
④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。
⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。
2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。
如上面第5：主句：He is the man
从句：who you are looking for
在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首，便是定语从句。
3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成：
He is the man you are looking for.
二．定语从句（从句部分）
1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语
2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.
3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词
（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，
如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：
①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。There are many places we can visit（them）in China.
4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤
（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
的用法which一．关系代词
先行词
主格所有格宾格
格
事、物、动物which
which
whose=of which
English is a language.
1.
It is spoken all over the world.
英语是世界各地都在使用的语=> English is a language which is spoken all over the world.
言。He looked for a car.
2.
The engine of the car was in good condition.
=>He looked for a car the engine of which was in good condition. Where is the parcel
3.
We received it this morning.
今天早上我们收到的包裹 => Where is the parcel (which) we received this morning
在哪里？ that的用法二．关系代词
先行
宾所有主
人、物、动物that
that
whose
1.He 's in love with a girl that/who has red hair. 他正和一位红发女孩谈恋爱。
2.Baseball is the sport that/ which most boys like. 棒球是大多数男孩喜欢的运动。
三．注意that/ which区别：
在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which
（1）先行词被形容词最高级修饰
1. Today is the coldest day (that) we have ever experienced. 今天是我们
经历过最寒冷的一天。
（2）先行词被序数词修饰
2. The first thing (that) you have to do is to study mathematics.
你必须做的第一件事就是学习数学。
）先行词中既有人又有物时。3（．
3. The driver and the car that had fallen into the sea were quickly recovered.
掉到海里的司机和车子很快就被捞起来了。
（4）主句中已有疑问词who 或 which 时
4.1 Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting 在大会上被表扬的那位妇女是谁？画的画？哪一幅是Mary 4.2 Which is the picture (that) Mary painted
（5）先行词被 only、any、few、little、no、all、one of、the same、the very 等修饰时。
5. Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher. 李明是唯一一个想当老师的学生之一。
（6）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。
6.1 All (that) he said was not true. 他所说的并非全是真的。
6.2 We haven't got much that we can offer you. 我们没有多少东西能身你们提供。
6.3 My brother fixed almost anything that needed repairing. 我哥哥几乎修理了任何一个需要修理的东西。
（7）有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个宜用that.
7. Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
爱迪生办了一家工厂，生产过去从未见到过的东西。
在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词宜用which 而不用that
(1)可用于非限定性定语从句中，代替物、整个主句或主句中的一部分。
(2)可用于介词之后，即介词 + which (代物)。
1.Is that the man
You lent the money to him.
Is that the man (whom/that) you lent the money to .
那位就是跟你借钱的人吗？
Is that the man to whom you lent the money (这里的whom不能被that代替)
2. The train for which I am waiting is now half an hour late. 那班我正在等的火车现在已晚了半小时。
3. This is the habit which you must try to do with. 这是你必须改掉的习惯。
（如果是固定短语，介词不能被提到关系代词前）
四．关系代词who/whom的用法
人 who Whose = of whom who / whom
1.This is the man with whom I worked. 这位就是和我一起工作的人
2.This is the teacher who often tells jokes. 这就是那个常讲笑话的老师。五．关系词who与that的区别
关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词
（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。
（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window
（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。
六．关系代词whose的用法
-
Whose 是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物
1. He looked for a car.
Its engine was in good condition.
=> He looked for a car whose engine was in good condition. 他在找一部引
擎状况好的车子。 What的用法七．
重点：What = the thing(s) which
= all that
= anything that
1.The thing which I want is peace of mind.
=> What I want is peace of mind. 我所析是心灵的平静。（经典口语句）
2.She told the detectives all that they wanted to know.
=> She told the detectives what they wanted to know. 她告诉侦探们他们想要知道的所有事情。
3.I don't know what they were talking about.
A.我不知道他们谈论的事情。（关系代词）
B.我不知道他们在谈论什么。（疑问词）
注意what的重点：
1. What is called/ what we(you, they) call 所谓的
She is what is called /what we call a walking dictionary. 他是所谓的活字典。
2.A is to... What B is to ... A 之对...的关系正如B之对...的关系
Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。
3.What A is (was/used to be) 今日的A（昔日的A）
She is not what she was ten years ago. 她不再是十年前的她。
4.What is + 比较级更...的是
What is more 更好的是；而且
What is worse = to make matters worse 而且更糟的是
八．关系代词可省略
1.关系代词作宾语可省略
The lady (whom) we met on the street is our teacher. 我们在街上遇见的女士是我们的老师。
2.关系代词作补语可省略
She is not the beautiful girl (that) she was. 她现在不像以前那么漂亮
there(here) is (are)在的句型中，关系代词可省略。3. There is someone (who)
wants to see you.
有人想要见你。 1.2.There are many young men who are against him. 有许多年轻人反对他。
注意：在there be 开头的句子中，要注意be动词的单、复数要与关系代词who后面的谓语动词的单复数保持一致。．
4.关系代词后有there(here) is (are) ,关系代词可省略。
This is the only tie (that) there is in this store. 这是这家店里唯一的一个领带。
九．one of 与 the (only) one of 的区别
1.One of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词的复数
Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.
《泰坦尼克号》是好莱坞制作的最精彩的电影之一。
2.The (only) one of + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词单数
Titanic is the (only) one of the most wonderful movies that has been produced in
Hollywood.
《泰坦尼克号》是好莱坞所制作的唯一一部精彩的电影。
十．Which 与as的区别
1.Which 引导的从句，代表前面的整个主句，此时，不能放在主句之前。
2.As 引导的定语从句,代表整个主句，它可以放主句之前或之后,as在从句中做宾语。
As everybody know, Taiwan belongs to China.
= As is known to us, Taiwan belongs to China. 众所周知，台湾属于中国。
3.先行词是整个句子的非限定性定语从句置于句尾时，既可用as引导，也可用which引导. The teacher is from Beijing, as/which they know from his accent.
他们从老师的口音中就知道他是北京人。
Mary lives in an old castle, whose window faces the sea.
= Mary lives in an old castle, the window of which faces the sea.
玛丽住在一座古老的城堡中，城堡的窗户面向着大海。
十一．限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的用法
限定性定语从句：对先行词的内容加以限定。
非限定性定语从句:对先行词不加限定，只具有使句子连续的功能，只用来说明前面
的主句的部份或全部。
关系代词可用（and/but/because/for 等 + 代名词）来替换。
1.We have two daughters who became nurses. 我们有两个当护士的女儿。（句中没
提到女儿的总数）．
2.We have two daughters, who became nurses. 我们有两个女儿，她们都是护士。（只有两个女儿）
= We have two daughters, and they became nurses.
3.I have a sister who is a teacher. 我有一个当老师的姐姐（姐姐不止一个）
= I have a sister, who is a teacher. 我有一个姐姐，她是当老师的。（只有一个
姐姐）
4.I bought a hat, which was too big for me.
= I bought a hat, but it was too big for me.我买了一顶帽子，但我戴太大了。
十二、关系副词
1.关系副词的作用：
1.1 在定语从句中代替先行词。
1.2 在从句中做状语，起副词和介词短语的作用。
1.3 起连接作用，它把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。
2.关系副词有下列三种：
1.1 where :在从句中做地点状语，指代地点。（可用于非限定性定语从句）
即：表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句
1.2 when :在从句中做时间状语，指代时间。（可用于非限定性定语从句）
即：表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句
1.3 why : 在从句中做原因状语，指代原因。
即：表原因的名词 reason + why + 定语从句
Why 只用于reason 之后的限制性定语从句中，作原因状语。
3.When, where, why 都可以替换成“介词 + which”,介词的选用取决于先行词和定语从句中的动词。
1.This is the house where I was born .这就是我出生的那所房子。
= This is the house in which I was born.
= This is the house which / that /可省 I was born in.
4.关系副词when, where 既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限必定语从句。
5. 先行词为reason 时，限制性定语从句可以用why 或for which 来引导；非限制性定从句则只能来引导。for which 用．
1.I had told them the reason, ____ I didn't attend the meeting.
A.For which
B. At which
C. For whom
D. Why
2. I had told them the reason _____ I didn't attend the meeting.
A. When
B. Which
C. Why
D. For that
6.Whom 在限制性定语从句中可以被who代替，但在非限制性定语从句中，whom不能用who 代替。
7.关系副词when与where、why、that
when 指时间 = in / at / on / during which
where指地点 = in / at / from / which
why指原因 = for which
当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。（非正式场合）
I don't like the way that / in which / ×he talks. 我不喜欢他说话的样子。当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。
This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.
8.带reason 的定语从句与表语从句的区别：
1.定语从句: The reason why (that)...
2.表语从句：The reason is that ...（不能用why, 否则就重复了）
1.Do you know the reason why he was late 你知道他为什么迟到了吗？
2.The reason is that I want to invite you to a party. 原因就是我想邀请你参加一个晚会。
十三、关系副词和关系代词的区别
1.关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语。
1.This is the house where I work now. 这就是我现在工作的房子。
2.This is the house (that/which) I visited. 这就是我参观过的房子。
3.I'll never forget the day when I joined the army. 我永远也忘不了我参军的那一天。
4.I'll never forget the day (that/which) we spent together. 我永远忘不了我们一起度过的那一天。
十四、such ... as ...和the same ... as ...的用法（as在从句中作主语，宾语或表语）
1.such ... As ... 像... 一样的,像... 之类
同样的... 和the same ... as ... 2.
1.My best friend is not the same man as he was.我最好的朋友和过去不同了。
2.This is the same thing as we are in need of. 这东西和我们所需要的东西是一样的。
3.This book is not such as I expect. 这不是一本我所希望的书。
十五、the same ... as ...与 the same ... That ...的用法
1.the same ... that ...; 和... 相同（同一）
2.the same ... as ...; 和... 相同（同类）
两者都引导定语从句，意思相近或相同，但如果从句中省去谓语时，必须用as代替that.
1.He works in the same shop as / that I do. 他和我在同一个车间干活。
2.She is the same age as you. 她和你同岁。
注意：
1.This is the same pen that I lost. 这支钢笔就是我丢掉的那一支（指同一支笔）
2.This is the same kind of pen as I lost. 这支钢笔跟我丢掉的一模一样（但并不是原来的那一支）
12、必须注意的问题
（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。
（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。
①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。
②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。
③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。
②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。
Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)
We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)
（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。
①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。
②关系词作表语。
（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。
（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。
（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：
①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中one为先行词）
He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）
②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday
Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday
③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.
④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
精典名题导解
选择填空
1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway
village.（NMET 2001）
A.until
B.that
C.when
D.where
解析：答案为C。本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。
2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every
month.(NMET 2001)
A.It
B.As
C.That
D.What
解析：答案为B。本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。as作“正如……”解时，引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，常用于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。
3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew
up as a child.(NMET 1996)
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.when
解析：答案为B。本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语，因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。
定语从句的“干扰”作用
定语从句，就其功能来说，在整个句子中相当于一个形容词，对某一名词或代词起着修饰作用，作定语。在掌握它的各种功能的同时，我们还要注意到含有定语从句的句子在补充信息的同时，关系词与其他连词容易混淆，尤其是与其他句式的结合，更使得整个句子显得扑朔迷离，使考生感到无从下手，我们说此时定语从句起的是干扰作用。本文结合具体例子来谈此种现象。
一、把定语从句与强调句型混为一谈，从而构成相互干扰。
本句型变化的特征在被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。例如：
1．——He was nearly drowned once.
——When was _______
——____ was in 1998 ______he was in middle school.
A. that; It; when
B. this; This; when
C. this; It; that
D. that; It; that
[简析]：本题答案为A。由于定语从句的干扰作用，相当一部分考生选了D。这样就成了It was in 1998
that he was in middle school.这样就成了一个强调句型，意为“是在1998年他上的中学”，孤立地看本句虽成立，但联系上下文来看，却属“所问非所答”。因为上文问的是“他何时差点每被淹死？”而非“何时上的中学”。原来when是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰1998。定语从句when he was in middle
school 干扰了强调句型中的that结构。
在下面的两个句子里，划线部分均为起干扰性的定语从句。
2．It was in the village where he was born that he spent his childhood. [简析]：划线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词village。
3．It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time （that）
he ought to have
spent doing his lessons.
[简析]：划线部分作定语从句修饰先行词time。本题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者
弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent
的宾语，可以省去。
二、定语从句干扰主句的谓语。
The letter we were looking forward to _____yesterday.
．4．
A. coming
B. came
C. come
D. has come
[简析]：由于同学们已经记得很熟，look forward to doing sth(期待去做某事), to
为介词，因此不假思索就选A。其实，we were looking forward to为定语从句，修饰先
行词即主语letter，介词to的宾语实为主语，而不能对其后的谓语起任何作用，结合时态用法，答案为B。再如：
5．Was the car he had repaired
[简析]：本句看似复杂，尤其是受思维习惯的影响把he had repaired连在一起，其实去掉
定语从句he had则水落石出： Was the car repaired
三、定语从句对和名词性从句的相互干扰。
由于形式上的近似，定语从句对名词性从句起着干扰作用，造成考生分不清究竟是定语从句或是
名词性从句。做此类题时要慎重，细心。
A．定语从句干扰表语从句
6．Is this school ______your father worked in ten years ago
7．Is this school ______your father worked ten years ago
A. where
B. what
C. that
D. the one
[简析]：看了半天，眼睛发酸，才发现两题只有一词(in)之差，正是这一词之差，第一题选D，your
father worked in作定语从句修饰the one; 第二题选A, where 引导后面的句子作表语
从句。
下面两句都是定语从句，只不过是关系词的不同。
8．Is this the school that your father visited ten years ago
9．Is this the school where your father worked ten years ago
有时虽同为定语从句，但修饰的先行词却不同：
10．Is this room the one he lived in last year （修饰the one）
11．Is this the room he lived in last year （修饰the room）
B．定语从句干扰同位语从句
12．The suggestion _________ you should do it at once is not the one _______
I gave you.
A. what; which
B. which; what
C. that; that
D. which; that
[简析]：定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的
内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief,
truth, reply，promise, suggestion等。that在定语从句中做成分，可用which 或who/whom代替；而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用, 综上所述，
答案为C。试比较：
13．We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句，that从句
表示news的内容，that 在此只起连接作用，不作句子成分。)
14． We don't believe the news that/ which he told us the other day. (定
语从句，关系代词that/which作told的宾语，可以省去)
C．定语从句干扰主语从句
15．As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.
[简析]：as引导非限定性定语从句，指代主句内容，可放在主句前，用逗号与之隔开。
16．It is known to all that Taiwan is part of China.
[简析]：it 作形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句。
下面是一些同类的例子，请认真把握：
17．The suggestion he thought of was reasonable. (定语从句)
18．The suggestion was that he (should) leave immediately.（表语从句）19．The suggestion that he leave immediately is reasonable. (同位语从句) 20．It is my suggestion that he leave immediately. (主语从句)
21．It is a fact that he was a thief. （主语从句）
（同位语从句）The fact that he was a thief surprised everyone present. ．22．23．I nearly forgot the fact that he told me yesterday. （定语从句）24．The war and suffering it caused affected him greatly. （定语从句）
四、定语从句对状语从句的干扰作用。
25．He is _____a clever boy _______ we all like him.
A. such; that
B. such; as
C. so; that
D. so; as
[简析]：本题选A。许多考生对such …as结构很熟悉，但没有深入分析as的引导功能和在
句子中所作的成分而误选B。由于句中him的存在，不能使用as，这是such…that 引导的
结果状语从句。试比较下列两句：
26．He is such a good student as is liked by everyone. (定语从句) 27．He is such a good student that he is liked by everyone. （结果状语从句）
下面这个题把定语从句和结果状语从句有机地结合在一起，请欣赏：
28．It is such a good place ______ everybody wants to go and visit _____ it is well known
all over the world.
A. that; that
B. as; as
C. as; that
D. that; as
[简析]：此类试题可看作一个模式：“…such+名词+as+定语从句+that+结果状语从句”，故
答案选C。
五、定语从句与独立主格结构的相互干扰。
29．With everything she needed bought, she left the shop happily.
[简析]：句中的划线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词everything，使独立主格结构复杂化。30．Not far from the club, there was a garden, _____ owner seated in it playing bridge with
his children every afternoon.
A. whose
B. its
C. which
D. that
[简析]：经过对多名学生的实验，几乎都把空格所在的句子看作非限定性定语从句而选了A。殊不知，这是一个独立主格结构，its owner作seated的逻辑主语，应选B。如选A，应在owner和seated之间加上was。
六、定语从句对主谓一致句式的干扰
31．One of the boys who______ my friends______very good at English.
A. is; are
B. are; is
C. is; is
D. are; are
[简析]：定语从句中的谓语动词须与先行词的数保持一致，这就要找准先行词。关键是看准定语从句所修饰的是one或是boys。如是one of…，定语从句谓语动词用复数；如是the (only) one of …，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数。但不管那种形式，主句中的谓语动词要用单数形式，故答案选B。再如：
32．He is one of the students who are late for class.
33．He is the only one of the students who is late for class.
七、定语从句对并列句的干扰作用。
34．I have two novels, and both of ________ are interesting.
35．I have two novels, both of _______are interesting.
A. what
B. them
C. which
D. whom
[简析]：以上两题，带连词and的为并列句，不带连词的为非限定性定语从句，故34例选具体人称代词them，35选关系代词which。在做类似题的时候，一定得注意巨子间有没有连词，这是解题的关键。
八、定语从句对一些固定句式的干扰
36．You can't imagine the hard time she had ______ the children.
A. bringing up
B. to bring up
C. growing
D. on raising
[简析]：结合题义和词义，我们可以断定句中的she had是定语从句，修饰前面的time。将其还原成。A故答案选she had a hard time (in) bringing up the children.正常句式则为：
下面的几例都是有正常的句式转化而成的定语从句，你能看出其常见的结构吗？
37．The washing machine she had had repaired went wrong again. 38．You can't imagine the difficulty I had finding your lost car. 39．The person you had help me proved to be capable.
I lay in the sofa, enjoying the beautiful music Jack had coming out of his DVD. ．40．
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句 1．This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．who 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。 结合句意和语境可知选A。 点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如： Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的 客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如：She is the only person that understands me. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如： Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前 面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions. 2．Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A．which B．who C．where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。 本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。 【点睛】 做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指
(新)高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ. 概念： (1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。 (2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。 (3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用： 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语） 常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when（时间状语）、why（原因状语）、where（地点状语） 可以修饰人的关系代词：that, who, whom, whose 可以修饰事的关系代词：that, which, as, whose, The student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why he was so angry. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. I'd like a room whose window faces the sea. 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词； 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。 Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法： ●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如： 1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语) 2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now? 3. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语） 4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about? 5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see. 6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.（表语） 7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be. （= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be. = Our hometown is different from what it used to be。 = Our hometown is not what it used to be.） ●which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如： 1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语） 2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语） ●who, whom, whose: who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，只可指人 whom: 宾格，在从句中只能作宾语; 只可指人 whose: 表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的
英语中六大从句用法总结
英语中六大从句用法总结 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that 常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.
初中英语定语从句总结(精辟)
1.定语从句: 1) 定语从句的定义 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代 词who(宾格whom,所有格whose),that, which 和关系副词where, when, why 等。 The boy who is wearing a black coat bought a dictionary yesterday. The noodles that（which）my mother cooked were delicious. The school where I learned judo was very large. I remember the day when our band was formed. I don’t know the reason why she got so angry this morning. 2) 定语从句的种类：定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。 (1)限定性定语从句：它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词通常可以省略。 Do you know the girl who just came in? Shanghai is a city（that）I’ve always wanted to visit. Her sister married a man (who/whom/that) she met on a plane. The time when I first met Mr. White was a very difficult period of my life. (2)非限定性定语从句：它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写 时往往用逗号分开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that 引导，而且不可以省略关系词。 The old woman, who lives on her own, has a cat for company. Lori is going to marry Mark, whom she does not love. Beijing, which is the capital city of China, is a very beautiful city. 3) 关系代词的用法：在定语从句中，关系代词起着连接主句与从句，指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。关系代词的选用取 决于主句中的先行词以及关系代词在从句中作何种成分。 一．关系代词who, whom 的用法 （1）who 可以代替人（即它的先行词必须是人），在从句中担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有介词，如果带介词则必须用宾格whom，即“介词+whom”. E.g. Jonny is a person who always has novel ideas. The girl who the first prize in the contest is from Zhejiang. The person who/whom you just talked to is Mr. Depp. ---The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Depp. (介词to提到定语从句前，只能用whom.) We’ll go to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children. (whom 前常用表示数量的词none/neither/both/each/all of…) (2)在定语从句中，who, that 指人时可以通用，但在下列情况下用who,而不用that. A) 先行词是one, ones, anyone 时，宜用who. One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. The ones who flatter me don’t please me. Anyone who laughs last laughs best. Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized. B) 先行词为those 时，宜用who. Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. No words are strong enough to express our thanks to those who worked hard to rescue survivors in the earthquake. C) 当先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用who. I met a girl in the street yesterday who grew up in Yunnan province. D) 一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词时that，另一个宜用who. E.g. The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard. E) 在there be 开头的句子中，事宜用who. There is a young man who wants to see your father. There was a king who was kind to his people. There are many old men who are against this plan. 二．关系代词whose 的用法：关系代词whose 是关系代词who 的所有格形式，它既可以代人，也可以代物。当whose 代物时，相当于of which. Whose 引导的定语从句既可以是限定性定语从句，也可以是非限定性定语从句。 Do you know Peter whose father happens to be working in your company? The tourist wanted to book a room whose window faces south.
定语从句及其引导词用法
一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 关系副词有：when, where, why. 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1．作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2．作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3．作定语用whose, 如： (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which) He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name) 4．作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be. （二）关系副词的用法： 1．when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如： I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us. But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill. 2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room,
定语从句用法总结
定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very
英语定语从句用法总结
英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.
This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只
定语从句用法归纳完整版
定语从句用法归纳标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]
定语从句用法归纳 篇一：定语从句的用法一、定语从句的有关概念所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句，首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念，它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上，英语中的各类从句，不管性质如何，它们都需要有一个词来“引导”，正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样，人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字，叫它关系词，因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句，我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前，我们先来看看关系词有哪些。根据关系词在定语从句中的作用，我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等，英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。类似地，关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当状语等，英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个，即when, where和why。许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊，关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单，简单得可以划一个等号。因为，关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词，它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解，下面我们来看几个例子吧。I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词，who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句；在定语从句中，who是关系词，它在定语从句中用作主语，从意义上说，它在
定语从句总结(精辟)汇编
学习-- 好资料 1. 定语从句: 1) 定语从句的定义 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词who( 宾格whom, 所有格whose),that, which 和关系副词where, when, why 等。 The boy who is wearing a black coat bought a dictionary yesterday. The noodles that( which ) my mother cooked were delicious. The school where I learned judo was very large. I remember the day when our band was formed. I don't know the reason why she got so angry this morning. 2) 定语从句的种类：定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。 (1) 限定性定语从句：它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切， 书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词通常可以省略。 Do you know the girl who just came in? Shanghai is a city(that) I've always wanted to visit. Her sister married a man (who/whom/that) she met on a plane. The time when I first met Mr. White was a very difficult period of my life. (2) 非限定性定语从句：它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that 引导，而且不可以省略关系词。 The old woman, who lives on her own, has a cat for company. Lori is going to marry Mark, whom she does not love. Beijing, which is the capital city of China, is a very beautiful city. 3) 关系代词的用法：在定语从句中，关系代词起着连接主句与从句，指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。关系代词的选用取决于主句中的先行词以及关系代词在从句中作何种成分。 一．关系代词who, whom 的用法 (1) who可以代替人(即它的先行词必须是人)，在从句中担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有 介词，如果带介词则必须用宾格whom，即“介词+whom ”. E.g. Jonny is a person who always has novel ideas. The girl who the first prize in the contest is from Zhejiang. The person who/whom you just talked to is Mr. Depp. ---The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Depp. ( 介词to 提到定语从句前，只能用whom.) We'll go to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children. (whom 前常用表示数量的词none/neither/both/each/all of …) ⑵在定语从句中，who, that指人时可以通用，但在下列情况下用who,而不用that. A) 先行词是one, ones, anyone 时，宜用who. One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. The ones who flatter me don't please me. Anyone who laughs last laughs best. Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized. B) 先行词为those 时，宜用who. Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. No words are strong enough to express our thanks to those who worked hard to rescue survivors in the earthquake. C) 当先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用who. I met a girl in the street yesterday who grew up in Yunnan province. D) 一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词时that，另一个宜用who. E.g. The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard. E) 在there be 开头的句子中，事宜用who. There is a young man who wants to see your father. There was a king who was kind to his people.
(新)高一英语必修一定语从句总结
定语从句 一、三个概念 1.定语从句： 2.先行词： 3.关系词： 例：The boy 先行词关系词定语从句 先行词 定语从句 关系词 二、关系词的用法 关系代词: who/whom/that/which/whose whose：表所有格，先行词既可以是人，也可以是物 The worker whose arm was broken was sent to hospital. The river whose banks are covered with trees is very long. 关系副词：when/where/why 1. when: 指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例：This was the time when he arrived. I will never forget the day when I met my favorite star. 2. where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。
例：This is the factory where he works. Nanjing is the place where I was born. 3. why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。 例：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. Is this the reason why he refused our offer? 注意：关系副词when, where, why, 的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which“结构交替使用。 例：I will never forget the day on which I met my favorite star.【when】Nanjing is the place in which I was born.【where】 Is this the reason for whic h he refused our offer?【why】 四、关系代词that的特殊用法 只用that 的情况 1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which. 例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 2.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which. 例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 3.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which. 例如：This is the same bike that I lost. 4.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.