文化生态学视角的康区佛教文化景观研究

摘要...................................................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................................................. III

第1章绪论 (1)

1.1 课题背景及研究的目的和意义 (1)

1.1.1 研究背景 (1)

1.1.2 研究目的 (3)

1.1.3 研究意义 (3)

1.2 国内外相关理论研究现状 (4)

1.2.1 文化景观与文化景观遗产研究现状 (4)

1.2.2 关于藏地佛教文化发展与历史研究现状 (9)

1.2.3 佛教文化景观研究现状 (10)

1.2.4 文化景观变迁理论的研究现状 (12)

1.2.5 文化生态学及其与风景园林学交叉的研究现状 (13)

1.2.6 文献综述简析与总结 (16)

1.3 研究对象与方法 (20)

1.3.1 相关概念阐释及范围界定 (20)

1.3.2 研究对象 (21)

1.3.3 研究方法 (22)

1.4 研究内容及框架 (23)

1.4.1 研究内容 (23)

1.4.2 研究框架 (25)

第2章文化生态学视角的文化景观理论建构 (26)

2.1 文化生态学的文化景观研究立场 (26)

2.1.1 文化景观的生态系统观 (27)

2.1.2 文化景观与环境的动态调节 (28)

2.1.3 文化景观的意识形态内核 (29)

2.2 文化景观的时空生态性 (30)

2.2.1 时间维度 (30)

2.2.2 空间维度 (31)

2.2.3 时空生态性的实质 (31)

2.3 文化景观的生态环境响应 (33)

2.3.1 螺旋模式的提出 (33)

2.3.2 文化景观的适应与演替 (35)

2.4 文化景观生态力场及生态完整性的提出 (37)

2.4.1 生态力场的诠释 (37)

2.4.2 生态完整性的提出 (41)

2.4.3 生态完整性诠释 (41)

2.5 本章小结 (44)

第3章康区佛教文化景观的构成生态及时空过程 (45)

3.1 康区佛教文化景观的构成及类型 (45)

3.1.1 构成要素 (45)

3.1.2 存在类型 (60)

3.1.3 类型与要素之间的关系 (73)

3.2 康区佛教文化景观的生态环境 (76)

3.2.1 自然生态环境 (76)

3.2.2 文化生态环境 (79)

3.3 康区佛教文化景观的时空生态过程 (87)

3.3.1 文化景观的时空分布 (87)

3.3.2 寺庙景观的格局特点及变化 (93)

3.4 本章小结 (96)

第4章康区佛教文化景观的生态环境响应 (97)

4.1 佛教文化对心理及人地观的影响及景观体现 (97)

4.1.1 对人的人格心理的影响及景观体现 (97)

4.1.2 对人地关系认知的影响及景观体现 (100)

4.2 文化内核的演化 (103)

4.2.1 藏传佛教文化的适应与演替 (103)

4.2.2 康区藏传佛教的部派演化 (108)

4.3 景观文化的适应与演替 (110)

4.3.1 人地观与时空观 (110)

4.3.2 部派特性与景观文化 (116)

4.3.3 理想景观的生成及特点 (121)

4.3.4 理想景观与现实景观的适应性映射 (126)

4.4 康区佛教文化景观所受的六种主导作用力 (133)

4.4.1 宗教扩张力 (135)

4.4.2 自然形态环境力 (137)

4.4.3 “绝对精神”决断力 (138)

4.4.4 “权利”干预力 (139)

4.4.5 内核突变力 (140)

4.4.6 伦理变化力 (141)

4.5 作用力的关系与力场分析 (143)

4.5.1 作用力的渗透层面 (143)

4.5.2 大尺度分布层面作用力的关系 (144)

4.5.3 中小尺度景观个体层面作用力的关系 (145)

4.6 本章小结 (146)

第5章康区佛教文化景观的生态力场与保护发展策略 (147)

5.1 生态力场参与的保护与发展 (147)

5.1.1 现有文化景观保护和发展的现状及问题 (148)

5.1.2 作用力权重及影响力分析 (149)

5.1.3 作用力影响的能动性 (154)

5.2 生态完整度评价与景观资源的分类保护 (154)

5.2.1 生态完整度与文化景观保护关系 (155)

5.2.2 康区佛教文化景观的生态完整度评价 (155)

5.2.3 基于生态完整度的分类保护 (164)

5.3 文化景观保护范畴的拓展 (165)

5.3.1 文化生态保护及景观文化解读的先行 (165)

5.3.2 历史参与及演化过程的拓展 (167)

5.3.3 重点保护区域划定及景观区域拓展分层 (167)

5.4 保护与发展的再思考 (171)

5.4.1 保护发展的实质与机制 (171)

5.4.2 保护与继承发展的辩证 (173)

5.5 本章小结 (175)

结论 (176)

参考文献 (178)

附表1 (187)

附表2 (189)

攻读博士学位期间发表的论文及其它成果 (195)

哈尔滨工业大学学位论文原创性声明和使用权限 (196)

致谢 (197)

个人简历 (198)

Contents

Abstract (in Chinese).............................................................................................. ?Abstract (In English) ........................................................................................... ??I

Chapter 1 Introduction (1)

1.1 Background, Objective and Significance of the Subject (1)

1.1.1 Background (1)

1.1.2 Purpose (3)

1.1.3 Significance (3)

1.2 Rlated Research Status Abroad and Home (4)

1.2.1 Research on Cultural Landscape and Heritage (4)

1.2.2 Research on Development of Tibetan Buddhist and History (9)

1.2.3 Research on Buddhist Cultural Landscape (10)

1.2.4 Research on Cultural landscape change theory (12)

1.2.5 Research on Cultural Ecology and Landscape Crossover (13)

1.2.6 Analysis and Summary of Literature Review (16)

1.3 Research Objective and Methods (20)

1.3.1 Definition of Concepts and Scope (20)

1.3.2 Research Objective (21)

1.3.3 Research Methods (22)

1.4 Main Research Contents and Frame (23)

1.4.1 Research Contents (23)

1.4.2 Research Framework (25)

Chapter 2 Theoretical construction of Cultural Landscape Dominated by Cultural Ecology (26)

2.1 Cultural Landscape’s Cultural Ecology Research Stand (26)

2.1.1 Cultural Landscape’s Ecosystem Perspective (27)

2.1.2 Dynamic adjustment between Cultural Landscape and Enviroment (28)

2.1.3 Cultural Landscape’s Ideology kernel (29)

2.2 Cultural Landscape’s Time and Space Ecology (30)

2.2.1 Time Dimension (30)

2.2.2 Space Dimension (31)

2.2.3 Essence of Cultural Landscape’s Timeliness and Spatiality (31)

2.3 Cultural Landscape’s Response in Ecology Environmental (33)

2.3.1 Spiral Model of Environmental Response (33)

2.3.2 Cultural Landscape’s Acculturation and Cultural Succes sion (35)

2.4Cultural Landscape’s Ecological Force Field and Proposing of Ecological Integrity of Cultural Landscape (35)

2.4.1 Interpretation of Force Field (37)

2.4.2 Proposing for Ecological Integrity of Cultural Landscape (41)

2.4.3Interpretation of Ecological Integrity ............................................ . (41)

2.5 Brief Summary (44)

Chapter 3 Composition of Kham Buddhist Cultural Landscape and Ecological Time and Space Process (45)

3.1 Composition and Types of Buddhist Cultural Landscapes in Kham (45)

3.1.1 Composition Elements System (45)

3.1.2 Types in Form (60)

3.1.3 Relationship between Elements and Types (73)

3.2 Ecological Environment of Buddhist Cultural Landscapes in Kham (76)

3.2.1 Natural Ecological Environment (76)

3.2.2 Cultural Ecological Environment (79)

3.3 Ecological Time and Space Process (87)

3.3.1 Cultural Landscapes Distribution in Dimension Time and space (87)

3.3.2 Lamasery Landscape Characteristics and its Change (93)

3.4 Brief Summary (96)

Chapter 4 Ecological Environment Response of Kham Buddhist Culture Landscape (97)

4.1 Influence and Landscape’s Reflection of Personality, Psychological and Traditional Man-land Idea (97)

4.1.1 Personality, Psychological and Landscape’s Reflection (97)

4.1.2 Traditional Man-land Idea and Landscape’s Reflection (100)

4.2Culture kernel’s Evolution (103)

4.2.1Acculturation and Cultural Succession of Tibetan Buddhism (103)

4.2.2 Evolution of Tibetan Buddhist Sects (108)

4.3 Landscape Culture’s Acculturation and Succession (110)

4.3.1Idea of Man-land and Time-space (110)

4.3.2 Tibetan Buddhist Sects’ Landscape Culture (116)

4.3.3 Generation and Structural Features of Tibetan Buddhist Ideal Landscape

(121)

4.3.4 Ideal Landscape Culture and Landscape Practical Mapping (126)

4.4 Six Forces of Buddhist Cultural Landscapes in Kham (133)

4.4.1 Force Cultural Diffusion (135)

4.4.2 Force Natural Environment (137)

4.4.3 Force Man’s Absolute Mind (138)

4.4.4 Force Political Economy (139)

4.4.5 Force Cultural Mutations (140)

4.4.6 Force Ethic (141)

4.5Analysis on Relationships of Forces and Force field (143)

4.5.1 Penetration levels (143)

4.5.2 On the Level of Large Scale (144)

4.5.3 On the Level of Small and Medium Scale (145)

4.6 Brief Summary (146)

Chapter 5 Force Field and Strategy of Protection-Development for Kham Buddhist Culture Landscape (147)

5.1 Force field Paticipant Landscapes’ Protection-Development (147)

5.1.1 Current Situation and Problems (148)

5.1.2 Analysis on Weight Function and Influence in Force Field (149)

5.1.3 Initiative of the Forces (154)

5.2 Ecological Integrity Evaluation for Landscape Resources Classification Protection (154)

5.2.1Relationship between Ecological Integrity and Landscape Protection . 155

5.2.2 Ecological Integrity Evaluation of Kham Buddhist Cultural Landscape

(155)

5.2.3 Landscape Resources Classification Protection (164)

5.3 Category Expanding for Cultural Landscape Protection (165)

5.3.1 Cultural Ecological Protection (165)

5.3.2 Historical Participation and Evolution Process (167)

5.3.3 Expanding of Key Protection Area and Levels Setting (167)

5.4 Discussion for Protection and Development (171)

5.4.1 Essence and Mechanism of Protection and Development (171)

5.4.2 Dialectical Analysis on Protection and Inheritance development (173)

5.5 Brief summary (175)

Conclusions (176)

References (178)

Appendix 1 (187)

Appendix 2 (189)

Papers published in the period of Ph.D. education (195)

Statement of copyright and Letter of authorization ..................................... (196)

Acknowledgements (197)

Resume (198)