英语语法术语课堂教学用语

常见的语法术语摘要1.名词noun 动词verb 形容词adjective 数词numeral 代

词pronoun

2.介词preposition 副词adverb 连词conjunction 冠词

article 感叹词interjection

3.结构：structure 简单句simple sentences 并列句compound

sentences

4.复合句complex sentences 倒装句inverted sentences 省略句

elliptical sentences

5.陈述句statement sentences 疑问句interrogative sentences

6.祈使句imperative sentences 感叹句exclamatory sentences

7.否定句negative sentences 被动句passive sentences

8.虚拟语气句subjunctive sentences 同义句synonymous

sentences

9.歧义句ambiguous sentences 委婉句euphemisms 强调句

emphasis

10.疑难句difficult sentences 叙述句narrative sentences 说明句

expository sentences

11.议论句argumentative sentences 人物描写句descriptive

sentences of people

12.动作描写句：descriptive sentences of actions

13.环境描写句descriptive sentences of environment

14.日常口语句sentences for everyday talk

15.实用情景句sentences of actual situations

16.课堂教学句sentences of classroom teaching

17.名人语句quotations 格言句maxims 谚语句proverbs

18.状语adverbial 补语complement 宾语object 宾语补助语

objective complement

19.表语predicative 主语subject 谓语predicate 谓语动词

finite verb

20.非谓语动词non-finite verb 情态动词modal verb

21.并列coordination 选择alternative 转折transition 对比

contrast

22.原因cause 结果effect 解释explanation

23.动词时态verb tenses

24.一般现在时simple present (tense)

25.一般过去时simple past (tense) 一般将来时simple future

(tense)

26.过去将来时future (tense) in the past 现在完成时present perfect

(tense)

27.过去完成时past perfect (tense) 将来完成时future perfect

(tense)

28.现在进行时present continuous (tense) 过去进行时past

continuous (tense)

29.将来进行时future continuous (tense)

30.现在完成进行时present perfect continuous (tense)

31.主句main clause 从句subordinate clause

32.限定性定语从句restrictive attributive clause

33.非限定性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clause

34.宾语从句object clause 壮语从句adverbial clause 主语从句

subject clause

35.表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句appositive clause

36.双重复合句double complex sentences

37.多重复合句multiple complex sentences

38.插入语parenthesis

39.IT引导的句子IT sentences

40.THERE引导句THERE sentences

41.省略名词omission of noun

42.判断句statements 列举句enumeration 比较句comparison

让步句concession

43.一般疑问句general question 特殊疑问句special question

44.选择疑问句alternative question 反意疑问句disjunctive

question

45.陈述式疑问句declarative question 省略疑问句elliptical

question

46.一般否定general negation 全部否定complete negation 部分

否定partial negation

47.双重否定double negation 否定句negative sentences 肯定

句affirmative sentences

48.主格subjective case 宾格objective case 所有格possessive

case

49.单数与复数singular and plural 语序word order

50.不定式infinitive 动名词gerund 现在分词present

participle

51.主动的active 被动的passive 语态voice 标点符号

punctuation mark

52.抽象的abstract 具体的concrete 名言saying 语气

mood

53.典故allusion 习语idiom 俚语slang 外来语foreign word

行话jargon

54.直接引语direct speech 间接引语indirect speech 命题

proposition

课堂教学句sentences of classroom teaching

开始上课beginning of the class

1.我们开始吧Let’s start/ Let’s begin now

2.让我们开始上课Let’s begin our lesson.

3.今天我们上新课，先学生词，然后读课文We are going to have a

new lesson today. We’ll learn the new words first. Then we’ll read the text.

4.我们先学课文，然后提问。如果还有时间，就进行听写First we’ll

study the text, then I’ll ask you some questions. If time permits, we’ll have a short dictation.

5.今天的课这样上：先讲课文，然后用替换词做句型练习二。最后

做一些书面练习。Today, the class will be conducted in this way: First we’ll go over the text. Then we’ll do pattern drill II with the

substitutes. And finally we’ll do some written exercises.

6.我们今天要全面复习我们所学过的东西Today we’ll have a

general review of what we have learned so far.

7.我们把昨天学的内容温习一下We’ll go over a little of what we did

yesterday.

教学用语Teaching

1.昨天我们讲到第45页的第三行，今天我们接着讲Yesterday we

went as far as the third line on page 45. Today we’ll go on with the text.

2.我们接着昨天的讲Let’s start from where we left off yesterday.

3.我记得我们还有三段课文未讲，我希望今天能把这课讲完I

remember we have three paragraphs to do. I hope I can wind up the lesson today.

4.今天我们上新课，请把书翻到第20页Today we are taking up a

new lesson. Please turn to page 20.

5.我们先读词汇表。苏桌，请你读生词We shall take the word list first.

Su Zhuo, please read the new words.

6.今天我们讲课文Today we’ll go over the text.

7.这篇课文时由一个短篇小说改写的This text is adapted from a

short story.

8.我给你们讲一下作者的生平I’ll tell you something about the

author’s life.

9.现在我把第20页上的课文读一遍Now I’ll read the text on page

20.

10.现在我把课文给大家读一遍，你们听一下Now I am going to read

the text once for you to listen to.

11.现在你们听的时候不要看书Now listen without looking at your

books.

12.我把课文从头到文读一遍，你们仔细听I’ll read the text through

once. Follow me carefully.

13.我先读课文，请标上重音Now I’ll read the text first. Mark the

stressed syllables.

14.我想你们都预习了课文。谁来讲讲课文的大意？I think you’ve all

previewed the text. Who would like to say something about the text?

15.现在我给你们讲一讲课文大意Now I’ll give you the general idea

of the text.

16.我想将这一段读一遍，然后再解释难句I’ll read this paragraph first

and then explain the difficult sentences.

17.你们对于这一段有什么问题吗？Have you got any questions about

this paragraph?

18.还有问题吗？如果没有，我就讲下一段Are there any questions? If

not, I’ll explain the next paragraph.

19.现在我把课文译成中文Now I’ll put (translate/change) the text into

Chinese.

20.现有我一个人读，然后你们跟我读I’ll read it alone first, and then

you read after me.

21.现在你们轮流读课文,王芳，你先读Now you are going to read the

text one by one. Wang Fang, you start reading first.

22.现在请刘娜领着大家读课文Now Liu Na, suppose you read the text.

You others read after her, please.

23.请从头读起Please read from the beginning.

24.请跳过这一段，从下一段开始Please skip this paragraph, and start

with the next paragraph.

25.这篇文章的主题是什么？What is the theme of this essay?

26.还有5分钟，我们可以把课文在读一遍There are still 5 minutes left.

So we have time to read the text once more.

练习Exercise

1.我们现在做句型练习Now let’s do pattern drills.

2.请看替换词Look at the substitutes.

3.我读句型并先做一遍，然后你们照样做I’ll read the sentence

pattern and do it first, then you do the same.

4.请按句型造句Make sentences after the given patterns.

5.现在我们互相提问，然后请一位同学总结全课Now we’ll ask each

other questions. Then one of you will sum up the lesson.

6.现在我们来进行复述Now let’s do some retelling.

7.现在请复述课文Now try to retell the text.

8.想想看Think it over

9.想一会儿Think it for a while

10.再试一试Try again

11.现在试着回答Now, try to answer.

12.我相信，你要是认真想一想，一定能回答好这个问题I’m sure you

can answer this question well, if you think hard.

13.你能举几个例子吗？Can you give some examples?

14.有什么错误吗？Is there anything wrong?/ Any more mistakes?

15.有什么评论吗？Any comments?

16.请到黑板前面来Come to the blackboard

17.回到座位去Go back to your seat

18.你能指出哪里有错吗？Can you point out any mistakes?

听写dictation

准备听写Get ready for dictation

现在听写Now let’s have dictation.

我再念一遍，你们可以检查一下Now I’ll read once more, and you check you work.

好了，把笔放下All right, put down your pens.

同桌的同学和相交换练习本，互相改一改。Exchange your exercise books with your neighbour and correct each other’s mistakes.

把练习本交上来Hand in your exercise books.

把练习本传到前面来：Pass your exercise books to the front.

你们都交了练习本了吗？Have you all handed in your exercise books?

辅导coaching

1.有问题吗？Are there any questions? // Any questions?

2.还有问题吗？Have you any other questions to ask?

3.你们还有别的问题要问吗？Is there anything else you want to ask?

4.谁还有问题要问？Does anyone else have any questions to ask?

5.你们还有什么不明白的吗？Is there anything which you don’t

understand?

6.我把各点都讲清楚了吗？Did I make everything clear?

7.也许你没有搞清我的意思，我再说一遍I’m afraid you didn’t quite

catch my meaning. I’ll say it once more.

布置作业Homework

1.今天我讲给你们两份作业，复习上周的语法，并写出这个故事的

摘要I’m giving you two sets of homework today. Review last

week’s grammar, and write a summary of this story.

2.今天的作业是：用黑板上的单词造句，背诵课文，做第54页上的

练习For today’s homework, make sentences with the words on the blackboard, learn the text by heart and do the exercises on page 54. 3.你们的家庭作业是：仔细复习课文，准备口头回答问题For your

homework, review the text carefully and be prepared to answer

questions orally.

4.熟读课文。星期三有一个测验Learn the text thoroughly. You will

be given a quiz on Wednesday.

5.这次作业是给你的朋友写封英文信，谈谈你的学校生活For your

homework, write an English letter to a friend, telling him about your life at school.

6.今天没有笔头作业，星期五我们要做口头练习。No written work for

today. We’ll have oral drill on Friday.

7.熟读今天教的单词，必须掌握拼写方法、发音和词义Learn the

new words taught today. Be sure that you know their spelling,

pronunciation and meaning.

8.你们做作业前必须复习今天所学的功课You must review today’s

lesson before doing your homework.

9.把下列单词抄写在本子上Copy the following words in your

exercise book.

10.把第二段课文背下来Learn the second paragraph by heart.

评语Comment

1.从语法上来看，这句话不错，但它不太符合英语的习惯

Grammatically, it is all right, but it is not quite idiomatic.

2.这个句子不合语法This sentence is grammatically wrong.

3.你的回答不很切题Your answer is not quite to the point.

4.这学期你的英语进步很大Your English has improved greatly this

term.

5.你现在比以前说的更流利了You can speak English more fluently

now.

6.你考试刚刚及格You just managed to pass the exam.

7.你学习不够努力。你必须更努力些You did not work hard enough.

You must strive to work harder.

8.你期末考试很差You did very poorly in the final exam.

9.我希望你们再接再厉I hope you’ll persist in your efforts.

考试examination

1.把名字写在试卷上Put your name on our examination paper.

2.交卷前仔细把试卷检查一遍Go over your papers carefully before

you hand them in.

3.补考将在下学期开学初举行The make-up exam will be at the

beginning of the next term.

4.你的英语要补考You will have to take a make-up exam in English.

5.你们许多人都考得很好Many of you got good marks.

下课end of the class

1.今天的课就到这里That’s all for today.

2.休息时间到了It’s time for break/recess.

3.时间到了Our time is up.

4.现在我们休息一下Now let’s have a break.

5.我们休息10分钟Let’s rest for 10 minutes.

6.课上完了The lesson is over.

7.下课Class is over/ dismissed.