特殊句式经典
英语写作中常见的十大经典句型
英语写作中常见的十大经典句型 1、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V / Nothing is + more + 形容词+ than sth 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 2、cannot emphasize the importance of too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。） 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 3、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...） 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 4、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...） 例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。 5、There is no doubt that + 句子（毫无疑问的...） 例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
英语经典句型
新经典句型 1．他刚一入住宾馆就过来看我。 ①He came around to see me immediately/the moment he checked in the hotel. ②Hardly/Scarcely had he checked in the hotel when he came around to see me. ③No sooner had he checked in the hotel than he came around to see me. He had no sooner checked in the hotel than he came around to see me. 2．我还没来得及阻止他，他就已经跑掉了。 He ran off before I could stop him. 3．要过很久我们才能见面。 It will be long before we meet again. 4．一旦你已经决定了要干什么事情，就应该把它做好。 Once you have decided to do something, you should do it well. 5．自从他离开南京以来，我就没收到过他的信。 I haven’t heard from him since he left/ lived in Nanjing. 6．我大学毕业已经八年了。 It is eight years since I graduated from university. 7．他戒烟已经三年了。 It is three years since he smoked. 8．孩子们直到父亲回来才去睡觉。 The children didn’t go to bed until their father came back. Not until their father came back did the children go to bed. （倒装句） It was not until their father came back that the children went to bed. （强调句） 9．当你过马路的时候，你必须小心。 When you cross the road, you must be careful. 10．当我在做作业的时候，奶奶睡着了。 While I was doing my homework, my grandma fell asleep. 11. 当她从公共汽车上下来的时候，他看见她了。 He saw her as she was getting off the bus. (as从句中的动词无特殊要求) 12．随着时间的推移，他对他的工作厌烦了。 As time goes on/With time going on, he is tired of his work. 13．我正在街上走着，这时我看见了一家裁缝店。 I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 14．我正要离开，这时天突然下起了雨。 I was about to leave when it began to rain. 15.我刚做完作业，这时电话响了。
十四类最经典句型
十四类最经典句型 一、表“倍数”A是B的多少倍关系的必背句型 1.A+is+倍数+times+比较级+than+B 2.A+is+倍数+times+as+原级+as+B 3.A+is+倍数+times+size（height，length…）+of+B The train runs six times faster than the boat. 火车比轮船快六倍。 This garden is the times as large as that one. 这个花园是那个的十倍大。 Their newly-built school is almost twice the size of ours which was built ten years ago. 他们新修建的学校几乎是我们十年前修建的学校的两倍大。 二、表示“越··，越来··”的必备句型 1.the+比较级··，the+比较级·· 2.比较级+and+比较级 The more you listen to English,the easier is becomes. 你听的英语越多，就越容易听懂。 It’s getting colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。 三、表示“花费（时间/金钱）做某事”的四个必备句型 1.sth. cost sb. Some money表示“某物花费某人多少钱”
2.sb。Spend some time/money on sth./in doing sth.表示“某人花费 多少时间活多少金钱在某事上面或做某事” 3.It takes sb. some time to do sth.表示“做某事花费某人多少时间” 4.sb. Pay some moneyto sb.for sth.表示“某人付给某人多少钱买了 什么东西” A new dress costs your over four hundered francs. 一件新晚礼服得花400多法郎。 She spent two hours in fishing her homework. 他花了两个小时完成家庭作业。 It took him three hours to draw the horse. 他花了三个小时画了这匹马。 The girl paid the old man 200 yuan for the new bike. 这女孩支付给这个老人200元买了这辆新自行车。 四、“be of+抽象名词”，用于描述人或物性格、性质或特征 常用的抽象名词有use/help/value/importance/benefit。此结构还可以与表示年龄（age）、颜色（color）、样式（shape/type）、大小（size）等的词连用。 They are of great help to learners of English. 他们对学习英语的人来说大有帮助。 五、表示“尽可能地做”的必备句型 1.do all/what/everything sb. Can to do 2.as…as possible=as…as one can
口译十大经典句型
1．选择类经典句：leave sb. the choice of … or … 要么……，要么…… Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission. 敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠，我们要么顽强抵抗，要么屈膝投降。 The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor. 年过三十，要么成婚，要么单身。 2．使动类经典句：be the instrument of sth. 引来某事物的人或事 The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them. 全国同胞都在关注我们，如果我们有幸能够拯救他们脱离强加于身的暴政/把他们从强加于身的暴政中解救出来，那将得到他们的祝福和赞颂。 The organization he had built up eventually became the instrument of his downfall 他所建立的组织最终使他垮了台 If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings. 能够让你幸福，我愿意付出我的一切。 3．回忆类经典句：it was the memories of 追溯到…… Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development. 追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会，可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。 4．假设类经典句：on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis
经典句型总汇
英文经典句型（一） 1. It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2. 强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us. 3. "All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her. 4. 利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5. "something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of" "something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则"anything of "，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似。" They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6. 同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲"。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7. as…as…can(may)be It is as plain as plain can be. 8. "It is in(with)…as in(with)" It is in life as in a journey. 9. "as good as…"相等于，就像，几乎如；实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him. 10."many as well…as"和"might as well …as" "many as well…as"可译为"与其……，不如……，更好"，"以这样做……为宜"，"如同……，也可以……"等等。"might as well …as"表示不可能的事，可译为"犹如……"，"可与……一样荒唐"，"与其那样不如这样的好"等等。 One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly. 11."to make…of"的译法(使……成为……，把……当作) I will make a scientist of my son. 12. oo…+不定式"，not(ne ver)too…+不定式"，"too…not+不定式 She is too angry to speak. 13. only(not, all, but, never) too …to do so "和"too ready (apt) + to do"结构中，不定式也没有否定意义，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"too…to，"不定式都失去了否定意义，在"too ready(apt) +to do"结构中，不定式也没有否定意义。 You know but too yell to hold your tongue. 14. "no more …than…"句型 A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man. 15. "not so much…as"和"not so much as …"结构，"not so much…as"="not so much as …"，其中as有进可换用but rather，可译为："与其说是……毋须说是……"。而"not so much as"="without(not)even，"可译为"甚至……还没有"。 The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it . 16. "Nothing is more…than"和"Nothing is so …as"结构，"Nothing is more…than"和"Nothing is so …as"都具有最高级比较的意思，"Nothing I"可换用"no"，"nobody"，"nowhere"，"little"，"few"，"hardly"，"scarcely"等等，可译为"没有……比……更为"，"像……再没有了"，"最……"等。 Nothing is more precious than time. 17. "cannot…too…"结构,"cannot…too…"意为"It is impossible to overdo…"或者，即"无论怎样……也不算过分"。"not"可换用"hardly"，"scarcely"等，"too"可换用"enough"，"sufficient"等 You cannot be too careful. 18. "否定+but "结构，在否定词后面的"but"，具有"which not"，"who not"，"that not"，等等否定意义，构成前后
50个典型句式
经典句式 1. as soon as 一…就… 2. (not) as/so…as 不如 3. as…as possible 尽可能地 4. ask sb for sth.. 请求，要求 5. ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth. 请教/告诉某人如何做… 6. ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 请/告诉某人做/不做某事 7. be afraid of doing sth. / that… 害怕做某事/害怕，担心… 8. be busy doing 忙于做某事 9. be famous/late/ready/sorry for… 以…著名 10. be glad that… 高兴…11. both…and… …与…两者都… 12. buy/give/show/send/pass/bring/lend/tell sb. sth. 为某人买某物 13. either…or 要么…要么… 14. enjoy/hate/finish/mind/keep/go on doing 喜欢做某事 15.get+比较级变得越…16. get on with 与…相处 17. get ready for/get sth. ready 为…做准备
18. give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/ tell sth to sb. 把…给某人 19. had better (not) do 最好做/不做 20. help sb (to) do/help sb. with 帮某人做某事21. don’t think that... 认为…不… 22. I would like to…/would you like to…? 我想做… 23. It takes sb some time to do sth. 花费某人…时间做某事 24. it’s bad /good for… 对...有害处 25. it’s important for sb to do sth. 对于某人来说做…是重要的 26. It’s time for…/to do sth. 对于…来说是做…的时间了。 27. It’s two meters (yea rs) long (old) 它两米长。 28. keep sb. doing 让某人一直做某事29. keep/make sth. +adj. 让…一直保持… 30. like to do/like doing 喜欢做… 31. make/ let sb. (not) do sth. 让某人做/不做某事 32. neither…nor 既不… 也不…33. not…at all 根本不 34. not only…but also 不仅…而且….35. not…until 直到…才.…
古典诗词中的特殊句式.doc
古典诗词中的特殊句式 古典诗词中的特殊句式 诗是最佳词语的最佳排列。要欣赏诗，首先必须读懂诗句，了 解“诗家语”省略与倒装的特点。古人认为“实字多则意简句健，虚字多则意繁而句弱” O于是介词、代词、连词以及各种表复句关系的 关联词大多成了省略的对象。省略最多的是介词，如“洛城一别四千里”（杜甫）就省略了“自、在.之外” O还有表比喻的关联词也往 往省略，如“浮云游子意"“浮云一别后”，“浮云"后而就省略了“如" > 可翻译成“游子如浮云” “别后如浮云” O 一、省略现象动词也会省略，如在静态物体（名词）后面的动词就 往往省略, 如“风"“雨” “FT “月"后而常常省略 “吹” “下” “晒” “落”，翻译时译成什么动词则要视上下诗句内容而定。表示人与景、人与物的关系或行为的动词也往往省略，如“人迹板桥霜”（温庭筠），人的行为“足迹”与物体“板桥、霜”之间就省略了动词“踏”和“印” O 省略还有互文省略，即在上下文中两个事物只出现一个而省略 另一个。一是词的省略，如“迢迢牵牛星，皎皎河汉女” > 上句省略了“皎皎”，下句省略了“迢迢” O二是句子的省略，如“开我东阁 门，坐我西阁床” O上句省略了“坐我东阁床”，下句省去了“开我西阁门” O 在意象并H的诗句中省略往往最多。如陆游的“楼船夜雪瓜洲 渡，铁马秋风大散关”，全联大多由名词构成，省去了表方位、处所.
关系的虚词和人物活动的动词，做到没有一个“闲"字。 、“倒装”现象 在阅读古典诗歌时，如果遇到按字面语序读不通，读不懂，就 应考虑是否倒装。倒装的形式有: 主谓倒装：如“城阙辅三秦”，正常语序应为“三秦辅城阙”， “客心洗流水”应为“流水洗客心"O 动宾倒装：如“故国神游”应为“神游故国”，“清辉玉臂 寒"应为“清辉寒玉臂” O 因果倒装：为了强调渲染主观感受，往往把实景放在后面写, 即果在前，因在后。如“空山新雨后”是因为下了一场雨，所以山才显得空旷。再如“星垂平野阔，月涌大江流”，是因为平野辽阔，所以才感受到星星显得格外低垂；是因为大江奔流，才觉得月亮也随江流在涌动。有时为了突岀景物或色彩往往也把景物和色彩放在前面写。如“碧知湖外草，红见海东云”（杜甫），实际语序应是“知湖外草碧，见海东云红"O 状语后置：为了强调谓语，状语往往后置，这是古诗词中常用 的句式，如“僧敲月下门”应为“僧月下敲门”，“双燕归来细雨中”应为“双燕细雨中归来"O 还有定语后置：如“停车坐爱枫林晚”应为“停车坐爱晚枫 林”，“碧玉妆成一树高”，“树高”就是“高树”。 古诗的倒装尽管复杂，但有的可借助语法分析来理解。如“香 稻啄余鹦鹉粒，碧梧栖老凤凰枝”，我们就可以通过找出句中的主谓宾来帮助理解，可译为“鹦鹉啄余香稻粒，凤凰栖老碧梧枝” O再就 是按时间、地点、人或物的活动来调整理解。如“东篱把酒黄昏后"，可调整为“黄昏后东篱把酒” O
经典句型
经典句型： 1.表示好处 1)It has the following advantages. 2)It does us a lot of good. 3)It benefits us quite a lot. 4)It is beneficial to us. 5)It is of great benefit to us. 例如： Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us. 2.表示原因 1)There are three reasons for this. 2)The reasons for this are as follows. 3)The reason for this is obvious. 4)The reason for this is not far to seek. 5)The reason for this is that... 6)We have good reason to believe that... 例如： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or https://www.360docs.net/doc/5118325161.html,st but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life. 注：如写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。 3.表示坏处 1)It has more disadvantages than advantages. 2)It does us much harm. 3)It is harmfulto us. 例如： However，everything dividesinto two.Television can also be harmful to us.It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion. 4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1)It is important(necessary，difficult，convenient， p ossible)for sb.to do sth. 2)We think it necessary to do sth. 3)It plays an important role in our life. 例如： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business.Soon，computers will be found in every home，too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age. 5.表示措施 1)We should take some effective measures. 2)We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties. 3)We should do our utmost in doing sth. 4)We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with. 例如： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it. 6.表示变化 1)Some changes have taken place in the past five years. 2)A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications. 3)The computer has brought about many changes in education. 例如： Some changes have taken place in peo ple’s diet in the past five years.The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek.Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins. 7.表示事实、现状 1)We cannot ignore the fact that... 2)No one can deny the fact that... 3)There is no denying the fact that... 4)This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in. 5)However，that’s not the case.
英语十个经典句型
十个经典句型 选择类经典句））1. leave sb the choice of ... or ... 要么…，要么… （选择类经典句 Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission. 敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠，我们要么顽强抵抗，要么屈膝投降。 The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor. 年过三十，要么成婚，要么单身。 2. be the instrument of sth 引来某事物的人或事（使动类经典句 使动类经典句）） If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings. 能够让你幸福，我愿意付出我的一切。 回忆类经典句））3. it was the memory / memories of 追溯到… （回忆类经典句 Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development. 追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会，可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。 It was the memory of 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from the attacks of atomic bomb, from which originated the term of "Zero Ground". 追溯到1945年广岛和长崎遭受原子弹攻击，从而形成了“零地带”这个术语。 4. on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / 假设类经典句））hypothesis / presuposition that 基于一个前提… （假设类经典句 The Chinese declared to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China. 中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时，是基于一个前提，即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。
180个经典句型
1. That is the reason why I’m not in favour of revising the plan. 这就是我不赞成修正这个计划的原因。 2. His failure was due to the fact that he had not practised for a long time. 他的失败是由于他没有练习很长时间。 3. It is likely that it will rain in the evening. 可能晚上会下雨。 4. How they went to America is what I want to know. 他们如何到的美国是我想知道的事情。 5. It occurred to him that he had left his key at home. 他突然想起把钥匙落在了家里。 6. The reason why he came late was that he didn’t catch the early bus. 他迟到的原因是他没有赶上早班车。 7. I’m looking forward to the day wh en Tai Wan returns to China. 我期待着太晚回归祖国的那一天。 8. He sat by the fire, reading a novel. 他坐在火旁，读着一本小说。 9. My dream came true at last. 我的梦想最终实现了。 10. It will not be long before we meet again. 不久之后我们就会再次见面的。 11. The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.新年聚会上，学生表演的这部英语剧非常成功。 12. I worked in a business where almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. 我在一家几乎人人都在等好机会的企业里工作。 13. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he had seen her somewhere. 他一直看着她，想知道他是否在某个地方见过她。 14. It is a great honor for Beijing that the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing. 2008年奥运会将在北京举行对北京来说是一个很大的荣誉。 15. Timmy was fined a large sum of money by the judge for drunken driving. 由于被判定酒驾，Timmy 被罚了一大笔钱。
英语十大经典句型
英语十大经典句型 1.leave sb the choice of ... or ... 要么…，要么…（选择类经典句） Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission. 敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠，我们要么顽强抵抗，要么屈膝投降。 The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor. 年过三十，要么成婚，要么单身。 2. be the instrument of sth 引来某事物的人或事（使动类经典句） If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings. 能够让你幸福，我愿意付出我的一切。 3. it was the memory / memories of追溯到…（回忆类经典句） Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development. 追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会，可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。 It was the memory of 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from the attacks of atomic bomb, from which originated the term of "Zero Ground". 追溯到1945年广岛和长崎遭受原子弹攻击，从而形成了“零地带”这个术语。 4. on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / presuposition that 基于一个前提…（假设类经典句） The Chinese declared to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China. 中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时，是基于一个前提，即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。 Advice to investors was based on the premise that interest rates would continue
SCI 常见经典句型
SCI 常见经典句型 Beginning 1. In this paper, we focus on the need for 2. This paper proceeds as follow. 3. The structure of the paper is as follows. 4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts 5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on the Introduction 1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined. 2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections. 3. In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered. Review 1. This review is followed by an introduction. 2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2. 3. In the next section, a brief review of the .... is given.
日语经典惯用句型大全
《日语经典惯用句型大全》1 あいかわらず…「相変わらず…」 译文：照旧……；仍然……；依然…… ○北京（ぺきん）の王府井（わうふじん）は相変わらずにぎやかだ。 北京的王府井同往常一样热闹。 ○今朝（けさ）も電車（でんしゃ）は相変わらず込（こ）んでいた。 今天早晨电车仍然拥挤。 ○彼（かれ）は相変わらずボランテイア活動（かつどう）に勤（いそ）しんでいる。 他一直忙于义务服务活动。 《日语经典惯用句型大全》44 あんのじょう…「案の定…」 译文：果然…… ○案の定、そうだった。 果然是这样。 ○案の定、田中（たなか）さんは事務室（じむしつ）にいなかった。 田中果然不在办公室里。 《日语经典惯用句型大全》43 …あるかとおもえば…もある「…あるかと思えば…もある」 译文：既有……也有……；有……也有…… ○中国（ちゅうごく）風（ふう）の家（いえ）があるかと思えば、西洋（せいよう）風（ふう）の家（いえ）もある。 既有中国式的房屋也有西洋式的房屋。
○そのレストランには中華（ちゅうか）料理（りょうり）があると思えば、日本（にほん）料理もある。 那个餐厅既有中国菜，又有日本菜。 《日语经典惯用句型大全》42 あるいは…かもしれない「或いは…かも知れない」 译文：也许……；或许……；说不定…… あるいは｛动词、形容词终止形/ 形容动词词干、体言｝かもしれない ○それは或いは何（なに）気（げ）なしに言（い）った言葉（ことば）かもしれなかった。 那也许是他无意中说出来的。 ○考（かんが）えてばかりいないで、やってみれば、或いはやさしいことかもしれませんよ。 不要光思考，干干看，也许是件容易的事啊！ 《日语经典惯用句型大全》41 あらんかぎり…「あらん限り…」 译文：所有……；全部……；尽力…… ○あらん限りの努力（どりょく）をする。 尽一切努力。 ○あらん限りの知恵（ちえ）を絞（しぼ）る。 绞尽脑汁。 ○あらん限りの力（ちから）を出（だ）す。 使出所有力气。 《日语经典惯用句型大全》45
古典诗词中的特殊句式(可编辑修改word版)
古典诗词中的特殊句式 动宾倒装：如“故国神游”应为“神游故国”，“清辉玉 臂寒”应为“清辉寒玉臂”。如“香稻啄余鹦鹉粒，碧梧栖老凤 凰枝”，我们就可以通过找出句中的主谓宾来帮助理解，可译为“鹦鹉啄余香稻粒，凤凰栖老碧梧枝”。 如“碧知湖外草，红见海东云”（杜甫），实际语序应 是“知湖外草碧，见海东云红”。古人认为“实字多则意简句健，虚字多则意繁而句弱”。表示人与景、人与物的关系或行 为的动词也往往省略，如“人迹板桥霜”（温庭筠），人 的行为“足迹”与物体“板桥、霜”之间就省略了动词“踏” 和“印”。 如“水郭ft村酒旗风”，省略了主语“江南”和谓语“卷”，同时“酒旗风”又是“风酒旗”的倒装（春风翻卷 着酒旗）。再就是按时间、地点、人或物的活动来调整理解。上句省略了“坐我东阁床”，下句省去了“开我西阁门”。 在意象并置的诗句中省略往往最多。再如“星垂平野阔，月涌大江流”，是因为平野辽阔，所以才感受到星星显 得格外低垂；是因为大江奔流，才觉得月亮也随江流在涌动。古诗的倒装尽管复杂，但有的可借助语法分析来理解。 倒装的形式有：主谓倒装：如“城阙辅三秦”，正常语序应为“三秦辅城阙”，“客心洗流水”应为“流水洗客心” 。倒装还需注意的是既有当句倒装，还有跨句倒装。一是词
的省略，如“迢迢牵牛星，皎皎河汉女”，上句省略了“皎皎”，下句省略了“迢迢”。 如“空ft新雨后”是因为下了一场雨，所以ft才显得 空旷。诗是最佳词语的最佳排列。状语后置：为了强调谓语，状语往往后置，这是古诗词中常用的句式，如“僧敲月下门” 应为“僧月下敲门”，“双燕归来细雨中”应为“双燕细雨中归来”。 二是句子的省略，如“开我东阁门，坐我西阁床”。如“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴”，“相看两不厌，只有 敬亭ft”，都应该看作是跨句倒装。如“东篱把酒黄昏后”， 可调整为“黄昏后东篱把酒”。 还有定语后置：如“停车坐爱枫林晚”应为“停车坐爱晚枫林”，“碧玉妆成一树高”，“树高”就是“高树”。一、省 略现象动词也会省略，如在静态物体（名词）后面的动词就 往往省略，如“风”“雨”“日”“月”后面常常省略 “吹”“下”“晒”“落”，翻译时译成什么动词则要视上下诗句内容而定。要欣赏诗，首先必须读懂诗句，了解“诗家语” 省略与倒装的特点。 二、“倒装”现象在阅读古典诗歌时，如果遇到按 字面语序读不通，读不懂，就应考虑是否倒装。还有表比喻 的关联词也往往省略，如“浮云游子意” “浮云一别后”，“浮云”后面就省略了“如”，可翻译成“游子如浮云”