【精品】新视野大学英语1sectionB文章英译汉翻译
新视野大学英语1sectionB文章翻译
一、While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today's learning
community.（虽然常规的学校依然存在，但虚拟课堂在今天的教学领域中起着重要的作用。）Job opportunities
for students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home. （随着学生就业机会的迅速增多，越来越多不同年龄层的人
开始意识到这种在家就学的网上学习方式。）Online students, however, require unique qualities to be successful.（然而，网络学生需要具备一些特别的素质才能取得成功。）The following list discusses some
ideal qualities of successful online students. （以下是网上学生要取得成功必备的一些理想素质。）
1. Be open-minded about sharing life, work, and learning experiences as part of online learning.
（与人分享生活、工作及学习经验，这些是网上学习的一部分。）
Many people find that the online method requires them to use their experiences and that online
learning offers them a place to communicate with each other.（许多人发现网上学习需要他们运用各自
的经验，同时又为他们提供了相互交流的场所。）This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. （这一交流场所消除了一些学生自我
表达的视觉障碍。）In addition, students are given time to reflect on the information before replying.
（此外，学生在答题之前有时间进行思考，）In this way, students can help to keep the online environment
open and friendly.（这就使得网上环境开放而友好。）
2. Be able to communicate through writing. （能通过书写进行交流。）
In the virtual classroom nearly all communication is written, so it is critical that students feel
comfortable expressing themselves in writing.（虚拟课堂的交流几乎都是书面形式。因而很重要的一点是
学生要具有书面表达能力。）Some students have limited writing abilities, which need to be improved
before or as part of the online experience. (有些学生书面表达能力差，有待提高，可以在网上学习之前提
高或将其作为网上学习的一部分。)This usually requires extra commitment by these students.( 这常常需要他们加倍努力。) Whether working alone or in a group, students share ideas, perspectives and
discussions on the subject being studied, and read about those of their classmates. (不管是单独学习还是小组学习，学生们就学习内容交流观点和见解，并展开讨论，同时了解其他同学的意见。)In this way, students gain great insights from their peers, learning from each other as well as the instructor.( 这样，学生可以从同龄人那里得到启发，既跟老师学，又互相学习。)
3. Be willing to "speak up" if problems arise.(说出你的困难。)
Remember that instructors cannot see their students in an online course.(记住，虚拟课堂里老师看不见学生。)This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests.(这就意味学生必须直接明了地表达自己的看法和要求。) If they experience technical difficulties,
or problems in understanding something about the course, they MUST speak up; otherwise there
is no way anyone can know something is wrong.( 如果碰到技术方面的问题，或在理解课程中遇到困难，
必须大胆说出来，否则任何人都无从知晓问题所在。) If one person does not understand something, possibly several others have the same problem.( 如果某人不理解某个问题，或许别人也有同样的问题。) If another student is able to help, he or she probably will.( 如果有哪个学生能解决，他(她)也许就会帮助你。) While explaining something to others, students reinforce their own knowledge about the
subject. (学生在给他人解释问题时，自己对该问题的认识也加深了。)
4. Take the program seriously.(认真对待课程。)
Online learning is not easier than study in regular classrooms. （网上学习并不比课堂学习容易。）
In fact, many students say it requires much more time and effort. （事实上，许多学生说它需要花更
多的时间和努力。）Requirements for online courses are no less than those of any other quality program. （网络课程的要求不低于其他任何一种优质课程。）Successful online students, however, see online learning as a convenient way to receive their education—not an easier way. （然而，取得成功的学生认为网上学习是一种便捷的受教育方式，但并不容易。）Many online students sit at computers for
hours at a time during evenings and on weekends in order to complete their assignments. （晚上
或周末，为了完成作业，许多网络学生在电脑前一坐就是几个小时。）When other people are finished with
their work and studies and having fun, you'll most likely find online students doing their course
work.（别人已完成作业和学习，开始玩耍，而此时网络学生却很可能还在上课。）Online students need to
commit 4 to 15 hours a week to each course. （他们每门课程每周要上4到15小时。）
5. Accept critical thinking and decision making as part of online learning（把批判性思维和决策作为网上学习的一部分。）
Online courses require students to make decisions based on facts as well as experience. （网络课程要求学生根据事实和经验做出决定。）It is absolutely necessary for students to assimilate information and make the right decisions based on critical thinking.（对学生来讲，理解并消化信息，
并通过批判性思维做出正确的决定是十分必要的。）In a positive online environment, students feel valued
by the instructor and by their classmates and feel good about their own work. （在积极的网络环境中，学生从老师、同学那里感受到自己的价值，对自己的学习也感到满意。）
6. Be able to think ideas through before replying.（三思而后答。）
Providing meaningful and quality input into the virtual classroom is an essential part of online
learning.（在虚拟课堂上做出有意义、高质量的回答是网上学习的重要部分。）Time is given to allow for careful development of answers. （要花时间斟酌并仔细作答，）Testing and challenging of ideas is encouraged. （提倡对不同观点进行验证和质疑。）Online students will not always be right, so they need
to be prepared to accept a challenge.（网络学生往往并不总是对的；他们应做好准备，迎接挑战。）
7. Keep up with the progress of the course. （跟上课程进度。）
Online learning is normally sequential and requires commitment on the students' part. （网上学习通常是循序渐进的，要求学生专心投入。）Keeping up with the class and completing all the work on
time is vital. （与网络课程保持同步，并按时完成所有功课至关重要）Once students get behind, it is almost impossible to catch up.（一旦落后就很难赶上。）Students need to want to be there and need to want
the experience. （学生要有成功的欲望，而且也要渴望这种经历。）The instructor may have to communicate with students personally to offer help and remind them of the need to keep up.（老师可能会与学生面对面交流，提供帮助并提醒他们跟上进度的必要性）
Just as many excellent instructors may not be effective online facilitators, not all students have
the necessary qualities to perform well online.（正如许多优秀教师并不能有效地用网络辅助教学一样，并
不是所有学生都具备在网上学习中取得成功所需的素质）People who have the qualities discussed above
usually make very successful online students.（具备上述素质的人通常能够成为优秀的网络学生）If you have these qualities, learning online may be one of the best discoveries you will ever make.（一旦拥有这些素质，网上学习说不定将是你最有价值的发现之一。）
二、
Is There a Generation Gap?
The term "generation gap" was coined in the 1960s. （“代沟”这一术语出现于20世纪60年代。）One concept of the generation gap is that parents and children have different values and beliefs. （代沟的概念之一是指父母和孩子有不同的价值观和信仰）As a result, many parents fear that peer opinions will become more highly
valued and that they in turn will lose influence.（因此，很多父母害怕孩子赞成伙伴的观点，父母转而失去影
响力。）Although the term continues to be used often, some people are beginning to ask the question, "Is
there a generation gap in today's society?"（虽然这个术语还是常常被使用，有人却开始问这个问题：“今天的社会还有代沟吗？”）
One study compared four generations, aged 18-30, 31-48, 49-62, and 63 and over.（有一项研究比较了四代人：18-30岁的人，31-48岁的人，49-62岁的人，63岁和63岁以上的人，）Several questions were asked
to tap into basic beliefs and values, such as "Hard work is the key to getting ahead" and "America is the very
best place in the world to live in".（问了几个问题以了解人们对一些问题的基本信仰和价值观，如“努力工作是成功之道”，“美国是世界上最佳的生活地”。）Across the generations, there was great consistency in the
responses.（四代人给出的答案非常接近。）
Many studies on youth also refute the concept of a generation gap. （许多对年轻人的研究驳斥了代沟这一观
念的存在。）These studies show that while young people tend to value their peers' evaluations over parents'
on things like music, clothing and what's "cool", they continue to look to parents for basic values and guidance in the more important areas of life, such as career and lifetime goals. （这些研究显示，较之父母
对音乐、服装和何为“酷”的评价，年轻人更趋于赞同伙伴的见解，与此同时，在生活中更重要的方面，如职业
生涯、终身目标等，他们还是继续依赖父母的基本价值观和指导。）
Of course, general trends can't always be applied to individual cases.（当然，总趋势是不能时时用于个例的。）It is natural to feel like there is an uncomfortable "gap" between our teens and us and that there is a need to
bridge it. （觉得在我们和我们的十多岁孩子之间好像存在令人不快的“代沟”，需要弥合它，这是自然的。）Perhaps, though, the problem does not lie in a difference of opinions or values, but in the way we relate to and communicate with each other.（然而，问题也许不在于见解和价值观的不同，而在于我们相互理解和沟通的方
式。）Here are some tips from an article entitled "Bridging the Generation Gap" that might help.（下面的建议摘自于一篇题为“弥合代沟”的文章，也许对弥合代沟有所帮助。）
Show respect.（尊重他人。）An attitude of respect and trust can be contagious. 尊重与信任是能感染人的。Young people tend to see themselves the way their parents see them.年轻人往往以父母看待他们的方式看待
自己。In turn, they gain self-confidence and respect for themselves when you show that you respect their
ability to make decisions and learn from their mistakes.反过来，当你表示你尊重他们有能力决策和从错误中
学习时，他们会因此而获得自信和自尊。
Listen more than you talk.多听少说。Questioning can sound like interrogation.询问听起来可能像审问，不要
这样。Instead, adopt an attitude of curiosity rather than control.应该抱有好奇的态度而不是控制之心。Ask questions like "How so?" "What do you think now?" "Were you surprised?" "What will you do now?" "What's
your plan?" "Is this something you want help with?" 问些这样的问题：“怎么会这样？你现在怎么看？当时吃
惊吗？现在打算怎么做？你有什么计划？这事你是不是需要帮助？”If your object is only to listen, you should
be careful not to be preparing your response while your teen is still talking. 如果你的目的只是听，在孩子说
话时，你就需小心别在心里琢磨怎么回答。You'll hear better that way, and they will be encouraged to talk more.
这样你会听得更好，而孩子也会受到鼓励说得更多。
Ask whether your child wants to hear it before sharing your point of view.先问孩子是否想听，然后才说你的
观点。Only go on if they say "yes". Then be brief. 只有当孩子说“是”时才继续说下去，而且要简洁。Don't lecture, and don't expect them to agree with you. 不要说教，不要期待孩子同意你的观点。If you state your
case with a "This is what makes sense to me" attitude as opposed to "This is the right way to see things", he
or she can listen more openly instead of planning rebellion. 说话时，如果你的态度是“我是这样理解的”，而不是“这样看问题才对”，孩子就可能更愿意听，而不会有逆反心理。
Think "we" instead of "you".用“我们”而不用“你”。"We have chores to do before we leave the house; how
can we take care of what needs to be done?" “离开家之前我们要做家务，我们怎么料理必须做的事呢？”Any way you can get across the message "We're in this together" can help bridge gaps that conflicts might otherwise create. 不论你用什么方式，只要能将“这是我们共同的事”这一信息传达给孩子，就有助于弥合本可
能由冲突带来的鸿沟。
Keep calm. 保持冷静。You can easily destroy your credibility by getting angry or too excited during a conversation. 交谈时生气或者太激动，你就可能轻易地毁了自己的可信度。Instead of "You're ruining your life!", say "I'm concerned about what might happen if..." "What do you think you might do in a situation like
that?" 不要说“你毁了你的一生！”而要说“我担心如果......会怎么样。在这种情况下，你想你可能怎么办？”
Don't apply double standards.不要使用双重标准。Teenagers pay close attention to double standards. 青少年非常警惕双重标准。Don't expect them to follow rules you don't follow yourself. 别指望他们遵守你自己都
不遵守的规则。Whether it's about checking in by the phone, putting things away or drinking out of the milk
carton, "Do as I say and not as I do" will not improve the relationship. 无论是打电话报平安，还是叫他们收
拾东西，或用奶盒喝牛奶，“照我说的做”而不是“照我做的做”是不会改善关系的。
Admit your own mistakes and talk about what you are learning from them. 承认自己的错误，说说你从他们
身上学到了什么。Showing self-acceptance and tolerance for imperfection is very encouraging to teenagers
(as well as other people around you) and tends to make you easier to approach with questions, regrets and
challenges. 表现出自我接受和对不完美的容忍能很好地鼓励青少年（以及你身边的其他人），也往往能让他们更容易接近你，向你提出问题、表达遗憾甚至对你提出挑战。Apologize when you think you had done or said
something differently, like losing your cool or saying something hurtful during an argument.当你认为自己做错了事或说错了话，比如发了脾气或争论时说了令人伤心的话，就道歉。
Enjoy them. 有欣赏之心。The humor, energy and sense of possibility teenagers often have can awaken parents to positive sides of themselves they had forgotten or neglected.
青少年常有幽默感，充满活力，看什么事都觉得可能，这些能使父母意识到自己身上已被忘记或忽略的好的方面。When teens experience being liked, they usually act more likeable. 当十多岁的孩子体验到被人爱时，他们通
常表现得更可爱。
三、
The Right Son at the Right Time
The story began on a downtown Brooklyn street corner. 故事开始于布鲁克林闹市区的一个街角处。An elderly man had collapsed while crossing the street, and an ambulance rushed him to Kings County Hospital.
有个老汉过马路时突然晕倒在地, 一辆救护车把他急速送往金斯县医院。There, when he came to now and again, the man repeatedly called for his son.在医院里, 老人时昏时醒, 反反复复叫喊着,要见儿子
From a worn letter located in his pocket, an emergency room nurse learned that his son was a marine
stationed in North Carolina. 急救室的一位护士在他口袋里发现一封已被揉皱的信，从信中得知他儿子是海军陆
战队的战士，随部队驻扎在北卡罗来纳州。Apparently there were no other relatives. 看来, 他没有别的亲戚。
Someone at the hospital called the Red Cross office in Brooklyn, and a request for the boy to rush to Brooklyn
was sent to the Red Cross director of the North Carolina Marine Corps camp.医院有人给布鲁克林区的红十字办公室挂了电话，向北卡罗来纳州海军陆战队营地的红十字机构的主任发出请求, 让那个年轻人赶紧回布鲁克林。Because time was short—the patient was dying—the Red Cross man and an officer set out in an army
vehicle. 由于时间紧迫——病人已奄奄一息——红十字会的人和一名军官乘一辆军车出发。They found the young man walking through some marshes in a military exercise.赶到部队时他们看到那个年轻人正在参加
军事演习，徒步穿越沼泽地。He was rushed to the airport in time to catch the sole plane that might enable
him to reach his dying father.他被及时送到机场, 赶上那班能把他送到临终的父亲身边的唯一的一架班机。
It was dusk when the young marine walked into the entrance lobby of Kings County Hospital.年轻的海军战士走进金斯县医院的入口大厅时，已是黄昏。 A nurse took the tired, anxious serviceman to the bedside.一名护士将这位疲劳、焦急的军人带到了老人床边。
"Your son is here," she said to the old man. 她对老人说：“您儿子来了。”She had to repeat the words several
times before the patient's eyes opened. 她重复说了好几遍，老人的眼睛才睁开。The medicine he had been
given for the pain from his heart attack made his eyes weak and he could only see the shadow of the young
man in Marine Corps uniform standing outside the oxygen tent.老人服用了医治心脏病的药物，损害了他的
视力，所以他只能看见一个年轻人的身影，身穿海军陆战队军服，站在氧气帐外。He extended his hand. The marine wrapped his strong fingers around the old man's limp ones, squeezing a message of love and encouragement.他伸出手，那位海军陆战队队员立刻用自己有力的手紧紧握住了这只无力的手，充满了爱与鼓
励。The nurse brought a chair, so the marine could sit by the bed.护士搬来一张椅子，那海军陆战队队员就
坐在床边守着。
Nights are long in hospitals, but all through the night the young marine sat there in the dimly lit ward, holding
the old man's hand and offering words of hope and strength. 医院里长夜漫漫，年轻的海军陆战队战士整夜坐
在灯光昏暗的病房里，握着老人的手，给予老人希望与力量。Occasionally, the nurse urged the marine to rest
for a while. He refused.护士偶尔会过来劝他休息一会儿，但他都拒绝了。
Whenever the nurse came into the ward, the marine was there, but he paid no attention to her and the night
noises of the hospital—the banging of an oxygen tank, the laughter of the night staff exchanging greetings,
the cries and moans and breathing of other patients.护士每次进来，海军陆战队战士都坐在那儿。对于护士
的进出、医院晚上的各种响动——氧气瓶的撞击声、值夜班的医生护士打招呼时的笑声、其他病人的哭喊、呻吟
声和呼吸声——他都视若不见。Now and then she heard him say a few gentle words. 不时地，护士听见他柔声说着什么。The dying man said nothing, only held tightly to his son through most of the night. 弥留之际的老人则什么也没说，只是在那一夜大部分的时间里紧紧抓着儿子的手。
It was nearly dawn when the patient died. 天快亮时老人去世了。The marine placed the lifeless hand he had
been holding on the bed, and went to inform the nurse.海军陆战队队员把那只他一直握着的、现在已失去生
命的手放回床上，然后去通知护士。While she did what she had to do, he smoked a cigarette, his first since
he got to the hospital.在护士去做善后工作时，他抽了根烟，这是他进医院后抽的第一支香烟。
Finally, she returned to the nurse's station, where he was waiting. 最后，护士回到了护士办公室，而他则一
直等在那儿。She started to offer words of sympathy, but the marine interrupted her.护士开始安慰他，但他却打断了她，"Who was that man?" he asked. “那位老人是谁?”他问。
"He was your father," she answered, startled. “他是你父亲啊! ”她回答道，诧异万分。
"No, he wasn't," the marine replied. "I never saw him before in my life."“不，他不是，”海军陆战队队员回答道。“我以前从没见过这个人。”
"Why didn't you say something when I took you to him?" the nurse asked.“那我带你进去时，你为什么不说?”护士问道。
"I knew immediately there'd been a mistake, but I also knew he needed his son, and his son just wasn't here.
“当时我就知道弄错了。但我同样也知道，他需要他的儿子，而他的儿子又恰好不在。When I realized he was
too sick to tell whether or not I was his son, I guessed he really needed me. 当我发现他病得这么重，都认不
出我不是他的儿子后，我想他确实是很需要我的。So I stayed."所以我留下来了。”
With that, the marine turned and exited the hospital. 说完这些话后，海军陆战队战士转过身，离开了医院。Two days later a message came in from the North Carolina Marine Corps base informing the Brooklyn Red
Cross that the real son was on his way to Brooklyn for his father's funeral. 两天后，北卡罗来纳海军陆战队
基地给布鲁克林红十字会发来一份通知：老人真正的儿子正在前往布鲁克林参加他父亲葬礼的路上。It turned out
there had been two marines with the same name and similar numbers in the camp. 原来，军中恰好有两个海军陆战队队员同名同姓，并且编号相近。Someone in the personnel office had pulled out the wrong record.
人事部的官员拿错了档案。
But the wrong marine had become the right son at the right time.但是，这个假儿子在老人真正需要儿子的
时刻却成了真正的儿子。And he proved, in a very human way, that there are people who care what happens
to their fellow men. 而且他以一种非常人道的方式，证明了在这个世界上确实有人会关心自己同胞的遭遇。
四、
Body Language
"I liked him the minute I saw him!" "Before she even said a word, I knew there was something funny about
her." Such statements are examples of "snap judgments", opinions which are formed suddenly, seemingly
without using any sound reason at all. Most people say snap judgments are unsound or even dangerous.
They also admit they often make snap judgments and find them to be fairly sound.
Snap judgments like "love at first sight" or "instant hate", if taken seriously, have usually been considered
signs of immaturity or lack of common sense. When someone "has a feeling" about someone else, people
more often laugh than pay attention. Most people think you find out about a person by listening to what he
says over a period of time. Others say "actions speak louder than words", usually in relation to keeping
promises, paying bills or sending money home.
Because people assume "you are what you say you are", they talk a lot to become acquainted with each
other. Once two people have become acquainted, they think it was their conversation that gave them their
information about each other.
As behavioral sciences develop, however, researchers find the importance of speech has been overestimated. Although speech is the most obvious form of communication, we do use other forms of which
we may be only partially aware or, in some cases, completely unaware. It is possible we are unconsciously
sending messages with every action, messages that are unconsciously picked up by others and used in forming opinions. These unconscious actions and reactions to them may in part account for our "feelings" and
"snap judgments".
We communicate a great deal, researchers have found, with our bodies—by the way we move, sit, stand and
what we do with our hands and heads. Imagine a few people sitting in a waiting room: one is tapping his
fingers on his briefcase, another keeps rubbing his hands together, another is biting his fingernails, still
another grabs the arms of his chair tightly and one keeps running his fingers through his hair. These people
aren't talking but they're "saying" a lot if you know the "body language" they're using.
Two of the most "telling" forms of behavior are driving a car and playing games. Notice a person's reaction
to stress in these situations and to aggressive behavior in others. Those who easily become angry, excited,
passive or resentful when driving or playing may be giving insights into the inside self.
While clothing serves a purely practical function, how you dress also communicates many things about your
social status, state of mind and even your aspirations and dreams. An eleven-year-old girl who dresses like
a college student and a forty-year-old woman who dresses like a teenager are saying something through
what they wear. What you communicate through your kind of dress definitely influences others to accept the
picture of yourself you are projecting: In the business world, the person who dresses like a successful manager is most likely to be promoted into a managing position.
Also important are the ornaments a person wears: buttons, medals, jewels, etc. Such ornaments are often
the means by which a person announces a variety of things about himself: his convictions (campaign buttons), his beliefs (religious tokens), his membership in certain groups (club pins or badges), his past
achievements (college ring or Phi Beta Kappa key) and his economic status (diamonds).
Another sign of a person's nature can be found in his choices in architecture and furniture. A person who
would really like to live in a castle would probably be more at home in the Middle Ages. Those who like
Victorian family houses and furniture might secretly welcome a return to more rigid social norms. People who
are content with modern design are probably comfortable with modern lifestyles.
When you see a person for the first time, even though he doesn't speak to you, you begin watching him—his actions, his attitude, his clothing and many other things. There's a wealth of information there if you know
how to "read" it. Perhaps snap judgments aren't so unsound after all.
短文翻译答案版
英译汉短文翻译 1. Job security is extremely hard to come by these days, no matter what profession you choose. It isn't enough to pursue a field with perceived stability, say the experts. You'll want to find something you feel passionate about, can make a living doing and that involves using skills you can easily apply to other fields. 在当前的经济形势下，无论你从事何种职业，就业稳定都很难找到稳定的就业机会。专家们表示，光是追求预计能够带来稳定就业的领域是不够的。你希望追求的方向应该是你所热爱的、能够借以维持生计的职业，并且能够运用到一些你可以轻松转换到其它领域的技能。 2. Love plays a pivotal role on out life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could go hayward and also become cruel and ferocious. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we always tend to take this for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others feelings. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better. 爱在生活之外扮演了一个关键的角色。爱使你想要得到些什么。没有爱，一个人将走向不归路，变得凶暴、残忍。在我们最初的人生道路上，我们的父母给予了我们无条件的关爱，他们教会我们判断正确与错误、好与坏。然而我们常常把这想当然了，只有等到我们结了婚并且有了孩子之后，一个人才会懂得并注意别人的感受。孩子让我们变得富有责任心、变得成熟稳重，并且更好的理解人生 3. When companies have different employees on the same job and one of them is paid differently, many unfairness issues surface. "It can happen in any 'open shop' that differentiates pay for any reason (seniority, performance, etc.)," says Dauphinais. You could run the risk of alienating valued colleagues if they learn you earn more for what they perceive to be the same job. 公司雇佣不同的人员从事同一岗位的工作时，如果其中有个人的薪资不同时，很多不公平的问题就会浮出水面。Dauphinais 说：“这种情况在任何开放行业都有可能发生，因为不同的原因（资历，表现等）员工的薪酬不同”。如果你让同事知道你们在做相同的工作，而你的工资比他们高，那么你就可能会被你很重视的同事疏远。 4. Spouses are a bigger source of stress than bosses, research shows. There may be no place like home, but if you want to relax then you might be better off at work, according to the survey.
英译汉-文体翻译(1)新闻
第六单元文体翻译 第一节新闻报道 一、新闻翻译的特点 1、翻译讲求实效 2、可以适当增减 ?翻译：遵循翻译标准进行全文翻译。 ?编译：紧扣原作主题思想，从原作选取最有价值的内容，遵循篇章构建的一般规律，基本按照原作的时间先后顺序和逻辑关系组织行文，再按照翻译的一般原则，将其译成目的语的过程。（王涛2004） ?摘译：摘取一些认为重要的或者说传达了重要信息的段落和内容。（俞建村2001）（注意：必须完整地翻译抽取的内容。） ?参见教材第十章“翻译的类型” p135. 3、符合写作要求 （1）手法： ?以尽可能有趣的方式将一定事实展现出来。 （2）结构： ?编年史法（chronological method ）： 依照事实发生先后按时间顺序叙述。 ?新闻导语法（news lead method ）： 依照事实的重要性来铺陈、排列事实。 （3）语言： ?具体、准确、简明、通俗、生动。 4、内容力求准确 二、新闻的翻译 ?标题的翻译 ?电头的翻译 ?导语的翻译 ?正文的翻译 ?了解背景知识 例： US Missile Targets Iraqi Radar Site W ASHINGTON: A United States Air Force F-16 fighter plane fired a missile at an Iraqi radar site after the jet was tracked electronically while in the “no-fly” zone over southern Iraq, the Pentagon said yesterday. But the White House, explaining a long delay in announcing the strike, said it was unclear whether Iraqi radar has “locked on” to the plane on Saturday. A Pentagon spokesman said the F-16 returned safely to its base in Saudi Arabia. It was not immediately known if the Iraqi site was damaged. The spokesman, confirming the strike about 18 hours after it occurred, said an investigation was under way. Iraq denied any such incident had taken place. 美导弹击中伊拉克雷达基地 华盛顿电：五角大楼昨日宣称：一架美空军F－16战斗机在伊拉克南部禁飞区被电子跟踪后，向伊一雷达基地发射了导弹。 但是白宫在解释拖延很久才公布这次打击行动的原因时称：星期六时尚不清楚伊雷达是否已“锁定”了这架飞机。 五角大楼的一位发言人说，该F—16战斗机已安全返回设在沙特阿拉伯的基地，伊雷
《英译汉教程》(连淑能主编,高等教育出版社)-第10~12章【圣才出品】
第10章Division（拆译法） 10.1 复习笔记 In division, we have to determine where to divide, how to divide, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence. These may involve such techniques as Conversion, Addition and Inversion. 拆分时要注意以下问题：在哪里拆分，怎样拆分，新的从句或句子的主语、谓语分别是什么，以及如何重新组织这些部分。这里涉及到的技巧有转换法、增补法和倒置法。 一、Picking Out of Words（拆译单词） It is advisable to pick out those words which are hard to reproduce in the original structure and expand them into Chinese word groups, clauses or sentences. There are usually three steps to deal with such words: 翻译过程中，如果一个单词的意义很难用汉语在原有句法框架下表达出来，就可以把该单词抽取出来，并将其扩展为汉语词组、从句或句子。具体操作步骤如下： 1. Determine which word(s) to pick out; 确定需要抽取出来的单词； 2. Apply Conversion or Addition, if necessary, to make the translated version smooth and well-connected; 必要时运用转换法或增补法，使译文流畅、通顺；
英译汉练习短文6篇
英译汉练习短文6篇· Passage 1 Satiric Literature1 Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers original ideas. Instead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies. What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful, or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd; Brave New World ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspected before Cervantes2, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley3, and people were aware of famine before Swift4. It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression，the satiric method, that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are
英译汉1994-2010年考研阅读理解真题全文翻译
英译汉历年真题全文翻译 1994年真题参考译文 新学派科学家们认为，在扩大科学知识范围的过程中，技术是一股被忽视了的力量(71)他们认为，科学之所以向前发展，与其说是因为天才伟人的真知灼见，还不如说是因为像改进了的技术和工具之类更为普遍的东西。(72)一位新学派的领袖人物坚持说，简言之，所谓的科学革命主要是指一系列工具的改进、发明和使用；这一系列工具的改进、发明和使用在无数个方面拓展了科学的领域。(73)多年来，工具和技术本身作为根本性革新的源泉在很大程度上被历史学家和思想家们所忽视了。肯定技术的现代派认为，诸如伽利略、牛顿、麦克斯韦、爱因斯坦这样的著名科学大师以及像爱迪生这样的发明家都十分重视各种不同的、可用于科学实验的工艺信息和技术装臵并从中获益匪浅，提倡肯定技术、
否定天才的论点之核心是对伽利略在科学革命的初期所起作用的分析。当时人们对天体的认识源于公元二世纪时的天文学家托勒密。他认为，在复杂的天体系统中所有的天体都围绕着地球运动。(74)伽利略最伟大的成就在于，在l 609年他是第一个用新发明的望远镜来观察天空的人，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。但故事中真正的英雄，新学派科学家们认为，是改进制作眼镜的机器的漫长过程。 联邦政府的政策不可避免地卷入了这场?技术?对?天才?之争。(75)政府是应该以牺牲技术作为代价来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这常常取决于人们把哪一个看作驱动力量。 1995年真题参考译文
广泛用来帮助选拔、分类、委派或者提拔学生、雇员和军事人员的标准化教育或心理测试最近在图书、杂志、日报甚至国会中成了攻击的目标。(71)把标准化测试作为抨击的目标是错误的，因为在抨击这些测试的时候，批评家没有注意到错误在于那些不甚了解或者是不能胜任的使用者。测试本身只是工具，其特点是在具体条件下可以得到相当精确的测定。测试结果究竟是有价值、无意义或者有误导作用在部分程度上取决于工具本身，但在很大程度上取决于使用者。 所有对未来表现有根据的预测都取决于对相关的过去表现的一些了解：学习成绩、研究能力、销售纪录或者任何合适的信息。(72)这些测试将在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适应性，还取决于解释这些信息的技能和才智。任何认真记分的人都知道，能获得的信息往往不全面，而且预测很容易出现错误。
新编大学英译汉教程-模拟试题
内蒙古医学院 2009级英语专业第三学年第五学期 翻译理论与实践（英译汉）模拟试题 2011年12月 （试题册） Section A Multiple Choice Questions (10 points) Section B T ranslation Improvement (10 points) Section C T ranslation of Phrases (10 points) Section D T ranslation of Sentences (10 points) Section E T ranslation of Paragraph (10 points) Section F T ranslation of T ext (20 points)
Section A Multiple Choice Questions (5×2=10 points) I. Directions: Choose the best answer from the choices marked A,B,C or D. 1. The translation process generally includes the following except __________. A. understanding B. revision C. transition D. expression 2. The translation levels generally cover the following except__________. A. text B. clusters of phrases C.word D.sentence 3. The translator should always avoid such two problems in expression as__________. A. over-statement & under-statement B. over-presentation & under- presentation C. over-revision & under-revision D. over-understanding & under-understanding 4. Translation skills include the following except__________. A. expression. B. annotation C. amplification D. adaptation 5. The following words are onomatopoeic words except__________. A.Smile B. giggle C. whiz D. murmur Section B T ranslation Improvement (5×2=10 points) Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or two inadequacies. Improve the given translations by making minor changes Example: 原文：This thesis leaves much to be desired. 译文：这篇文章有很多地方让人喜欢。 改译：这篇文章有很多地方有待完善。 6．原文：With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.. 译文：随着这个信念，我们就能将刺耳、喧闹之声变成美丽的兄弟交响曲。 改译：。 7．原文：Of poetry I don’t read much and when I do I choose the dead lion in preference to the living dog . 译文：诗歌我读得不多，但如果要我选择的话，我喜欢死狮子胜过活狗。 改译：。
英译汉篇章翻译2
英译汉篇章翻译练习（2） Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegances. Brief and colorful, they more often than not carry a sting. When a neighbor?s dismally unattractive daughter announced her engagement, Imelda remarked, “You know what they say, Senora: …There?s no pot so ugly it can?t find a lid.?” And when her son-in-law blustered about how he was going to get even with the boss who had docked his pay, Imelda fixed him with a cold eye and said, “Little fish does not eat big fish.” One afternoon, I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband?s parents, and Imelda was in sisting that she apologized to them. Her daughter objected. “But, Mama, I just can?t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they?re too poor. So today when they wouldn?t even lend us enough to pay for a new bed, a ll I did was say something that I?ve heard you say a hundred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?” “Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …What the tongue says, the neck pays for?? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …What was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!” Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don?t pray to him until he gets over it.? Can?t I leave it for tomorrow?” “No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.? You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.? I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora?s dinner, I will explain to the Senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.?”
经典英译汉文章翻译赏析
英译汉文章翻译赏析 时间:2009年06月01日 【英译中选段六】原文（by Robert Frost） The Gift Outright The land was once ours before we were the land’s. She was our land more than a hundred years. Before we were her people. She was ours In Massachusetts, in Virginia; But we were England’s, still colonials, Possessing what we still were unpossessed by, Possessed by what we now no more possessed. Something we were withholding made us weak Until we found out that it was ourselves We were withholding from our land of living, And forthwith found salvation in surrender. Such as we were we gave ourselves outright (The deed of gift was many deeds of war) To the land vaguely realizing westward, But still unstoried, artless, unenhanced, Such as she was, such as she would become. (原载https://www.360docs.net/doc/5213138790.html, ) 译文（余光中译）： 全心的奉献 土地先属于我们，我们才属于土地。 她成为我们的土地历一百余年， 我们才成为她的人民。当时 她属于我们，在麻萨诸塞，在佛吉尼亚， 但我们属于英国，仍是殖民之身， 我们拥有的，我们仍漠不关心， 我们关心的，我们已不再拥有。 我们保留的一些什么使自己贫弱， 直到我们发现，原来是我们自己， 保留着，不肯给自己生息之地， 立刻，在献身之中找到了生机。 赤裸裸地，我们全心将自己奉献， （献身的事迹是多次的战迹） 献身与斯土，斯土正浑沦拓展，向西， 但迄未经人述说，朴实无华，未加渲染。 当时她如此，且预示她仍将如是。 （原载《余光中选集第五卷：译品集》，黄维樑、江弱水编选，安徽教育出版社，1999）【英译中选段七】 原文（by Fancis Bacon） Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of
《翻译英译汉》word版
翻译——英译汉 英译汉部分要求翻译单句, 而不是段落或篇章。考生首先要读懂句子,了解句子的语法结构、使用的固定词组、习惯用法及词与词之间的语义关系, 然后, 再正确分析原文的语言现象和逻辑关系,进行透彻的理解, 最后, 力图用简洁明了的汉语表达出原文的意思。因此, 考生有必要掌握一些基本的翻译技巧。 一、翻译技巧一 一般的英译汉考题不会只是简单句。我们在做题时, 首先要从语法入手, 找寻和确定句子大的框架结构, 通过分析把句中的从句和插入部分先排除掉, 明确句子结构有助于我们正确理解整句话的意思。 (一)重点分析句子结构 其实, 就英语的句子结构而言, 是有规律可循的。除去省略句、倒装句、感叹句和 一些特殊句子外, 英语句子的结构可归纳为三类: 1. to be句型: 主语 + be + 表语 Miss Jones is a manager. 琼斯小姐是位经理。 2. to do句型: 主语 + do + (宾语) + (状语) He teaches English in this school. 他在这所学校教英语。 3. there be句型: There be + 主语 + 状语 There are beautiful wildflowers in the hills. 山中有美丽的野花。 (二)确定语法现象和惯用结构 英译汉考题中常见的重点语法有: 时态、语态、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、 同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、动名词、分词、虚拟语气、倒装句、强调句等。考生要非常熟悉这些语法现象, 才不至于对句子产生误解。例如: ?Anyone who is interested in it can go with us. 对这事感兴趣的人可以跟我们去。(who引导定语从句修饰主语anyone) ?The problem discussed at yesterday’s meeting is very important. 昨天会上讨论过的那个问题非常重要。(过去分词短语作后置定语修饰主语the problem) ?You could have done better if you had been more careful. 要是细心一点的话，你就会做得更好。(if 引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句) ?Hardly had I said that when she entered the room. 我刚说完，她就进来了。(倒装句, 否定词hardly位于句首, 助动词had 放在主语I之前 ) ?It was not until last night that I noticed this matter. 直到昨晚我才注意到这件事。(强调句: It was not until+强调成分+that句子其 余成分)
英译汉复习要领
英译汉复习要领 一、真题回顾 1．大纲对翻译部分的基本要求 在职人员攻读硕士学位入学英语考试中的翻译项目旨在通过翻译测试考生正确理解英文原句的能力以及汉语的书面表达能力。本部分采用语篇翻译的考试形式。要求考生将一篇120～150词的一般性题材的英语段落翻译成汉语。本部分满分为15分，考试时间为30分钟。对考生的要求是对原文理解正确，译文表达准确、通顺。因此，读懂原文，正确理解英文原文的意思是确保译文准确的前提，而通顺的表达则是获取高分的保障。 翻译考题是英文和中文两种语言的综合考试，难度较大。这一部分考生得分率普遍不是很高，是考生们复习的难点。但这部分有一个显著的特点，即翻译的技巧性强。因此考生们应特别注意翻译的方法和技巧。 下面通过对2003年在职人员攻读硕士学位入学英语考试中翻译真题的分析，让考生进一步了解翻译考题的难度和考点，把握复习思路和正确的解题技巧。 Part V Translation (30 minutes, 15 points) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything. Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job. Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think?” Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kong’s youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Day—at the University of Hong Kong. His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take—but tries to answer the question why. Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troubles—as well as pleases—today’s high-school students. Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part.
【精品】新视野大学英语1sectionB文章英译汉翻译
新视野大学英语1sectionB文章翻译 一、While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today's learning community.（虽然常规的学校依然存在，但虚拟课堂在今天的教学领域中起着重要的作用。）Job opportunities for students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home. （随着学生就业机会的迅速增多，越来越多不同年龄层的人 开始意识到这种在家就学的网上学习方式。）Online students, however, require unique qualities to be successful.（然而，网络学生需要具备一些特别的素质才能取得成功。）The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students. （以下是网上学生要取得成功必备的一些理想素质。） 1. Be open-minded about sharing life, work, and learning experiences as part of online learning. （与人分享生活、工作及学习经验，这些是网上学习的一部分。） Many people find that the online method requires them to use their experiences and that online learning offers them a place to communicate with each other.（许多人发现网上学习需要他们运用各自 的经验，同时又为他们提供了相互交流的场所。）This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. （这一交流场所消除了一些学生自我 表达的视觉障碍。）In addition, students are given time to reflect on the information before replying. （此外，学生在答题之前有时间进行思考，）In this way, students can help to keep the online environment open and friendly.（这就使得网上环境开放而友好。） 2. Be able to communicate through writing. （能通过书写进行交流。） In the virtual classroom nearly all communication is written, so it is critical that students feel comfortable expressing themselves in writing.（虚拟课堂的交流几乎都是书面形式。因而很重要的一点是 学生要具有书面表达能力。）Some students have limited writing abilities, which need to be improved before or as part of the online experience. (有些学生书面表达能力差，有待提高，可以在网上学习之前提 高或将其作为网上学习的一部分。)This usually requires extra commitment by these students.( 这常常需要他们加倍努力。) Whether working alone or in a group, students share ideas, perspectives and discussions on the subject being studied, and read about those of their classmates. (不管是单独学习还是小组学习，学生们就学习内容交流观点和见解，并展开讨论，同时了解其他同学的意见。)In this way, students gain great insights from their peers, learning from each other as well as the instructor.( 这样，学生可以从同龄人那里得到启发，既跟老师学，又互相学习。) 3. Be willing to "speak up" if problems arise.(说出你的困难。) Remember that instructors cannot see their students in an online course.(记住，虚拟课堂里老师看不见学生。)This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests.(这就意味学生必须直接明了地表达自己的看法和要求。) If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the course, they MUST speak up; otherwise there is no way anyone can know something is wrong.( 如果碰到技术方面的问题，或在理解课程中遇到困难， 必须大胆说出来，否则任何人都无从知晓问题所在。) If one person does not understand something, possibly several others have the same problem.( 如果某人不理解某个问题，或许别人也有同样的问题。) If another student is able to help, he or she probably will.( 如果有哪个学生能解决，他(她)也许就会帮助你。) While explaining something to others, students reinforce their own knowledge about the subject. (学生在给他人解释问题时，自己对该问题的认识也加深了。) 4. Take the program seriously.(认真对待课程。) Online learning is not easier than study in regular classrooms. （网上学习并不比课堂学习容易。） In fact, many students say it requires much more time and effort. （事实上，许多学生说它需要花更 多的时间和努力。）Requirements for online courses are no less than those of any other quality program. （网络课程的要求不低于其他任何一种优质课程。）Successful online students, however, see online learning as a convenient way to receive their education—not an easier way. （然而，取得成功的学生认为网上学习是一种便捷的受教育方式，但并不容易。）Many online students sit at computers for hours at a time during evenings and on weekends in order to complete their assignments. （晚上 或周末，为了完成作业，许多网络学生在电脑前一坐就是几个小时。）When other people are finished with their work and studies and having fun, you'll most likely find online students doing their course work.（别人已完成作业和学习，开始玩耍，而此时网络学生却很可能还在上课。）Online students need to
英译汉教程翻译答案
1.他怪异的行为有悖于一般的良好行为规范（run counter to） His particular behaviour run counter to the popular concept of good conduct. 2.可以肯定的是，历史上鲜有人能同时在科学和数学领域的成就比牛顿更突出。（impact） What is certain is that few people in history have created a greater impact than Newton on the development of both science and mathematics. 3.你不该嘲笑孩子的失败，应该鼓励他们再去尝试。（deride） You are not support to deride children for their failures; you should encourage them to try again, instead. 4.在Judy毕业典礼的那天，她的叔叔婶婶以丰盛的晚餐来款带她。（sumptuous） On her graduation day, Judy was treated to a sumptuous dinner by her uncle and aunt. 5.对于他在公司的过往表现，没有人有什么不满。（with respect to） With respect to his past record in the film, no one has anything to complain about. 6.他们的自由与我们的自由息息相关，我们不能单独行动。（inextricably） Their freedom is inextricably bound to ours. We cannot act alone. 7.我年迈的叔祖母不习惯使用市场上盛行的一次性物品。（disposable） My aged great aunt is not used to the disposable goods which flood the market today. 8.他在考试中作弊被抓住后，名字马上被从应考者名单上删去。（eliminate） His name was immediately eliminated from the list of candidates after he was caught cheating in the exam. 1.他企图影射John是肇事者，结果是徒劳的。（insinuate, futile） His attempt at insinuating that John was the culprit turned out to be futile. 2.每当未能完成期望他做的事时，他都善于临时编个借口来为自己开脱。（improvise） He is very clever at improvising excuses each time he fails to do what is expected of him. 3.他的西藏之行可以让他想参观布达拉宫的愿望如愿以偿了。（gratify） His trip to Tibet may well gratify his desire to see the Potala. 4.这家公司人力资源雄厚，足以应对其他大公司的挑战。（command） This corporation commands distinguished human resource, rich enough to meet challenges from other big corporations. 5.我认为这恐怕不是我们双方都能接受的变通方法。我们难道想不出一个更好的方案来处理这个问题 （alternative） I don’t think that could be an acceptable alternative for both of us. Can’t we come up with a better one for this problem. 6.总爱胡思乱想和动不动就心血来潮都是有害的。（caprice） It is harmful to indulge in whims and caprices. 7.对不属于你的东西不要有非分之想。（lay one’s hands on; be entitled to） Try not to lay your hands on anything that you are not entitled to. 8.他没来参加竞赛。很可能把这件事全给忘了。（it may well be that） He did not come to the competition. It may well be that he forgotten all about it. 1.比赛的结果不仅取决于球员的个人技术，还取决于全队所有球员能否把握好时机。（timing） The outcome of the game depends not just on the skills of individual player but also on the timing of all the players of the team. 2.接下来我想问的是，我们如何维持一个恒定的自我呢（self-identity）