湖南省高考英语 专题检测卷(八)语法综合
语法综合
（建议用时：20分钟）
1. Either you or the monitor the lecture to be held next Sunday.
A. is attending
B. are attending
C. is to attend
D. are to attend
2. After completing the hard homework, she felt a great weight off her mind.
A. taking
B. taken
C. to take
D. to be taken
3. The Olympic Games, in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1900.
A. first playing
B. first played
C. to be first playing
D. to be first played
4. Lily in a top school in Changsha, but she is studying in our school now.
A. studies
B. will study
C. has studied
D. studied
5. —Will you stay here for dinner with me, Michael?
—Sorry, I . My parents are coming to see me.
A. won’t
B. needn’t
C. mustn’t
D. can’t
6. The residents, had been damaged by the earthquake happening in Ya’an, were given assistance by the local government.
A. all their houses
B. all which houses
C. all of whose houses
D. all of their houses
7. There is a set of rules that you must follow you’re going mountain-climbing.
A. though
B. unless
C. after
D. if
8. My nice coat has to every day. But luckily it well.
A. wash; washes
B. wash; is washed
C. be washed; washes
D. be washed; is washed
9. With three professional hands her next week, she is sure to complete the project in
advance.
A. helping
B. help
C. to helping
D. to help
10. Frankly speaking, it makes no difference I go by plane or by train.
A. that
B. what
C. whether
D. which
11. The lazy girl must have been dismissed last Monday, she?
A. hasn’t
B. didn’t
C. wasn’t
D. doesn’t
12. The decision , the next problem was how to make a good plan.
A. having been made
B. had been made
C. to have been made
D. to be made
13. their children have left home, they’ve got a lot of extra space.
A. Now that
B. Unless
C. Although
D. As long as
14. Dreams in our heart will come true one day we insist and keep making great efforts.
A. as if
B. so that
C. even if
D. on condition that
15. I hope, you vote for in the election, that at least you know why you are voting.
A. who
B. whoever
C. how
D. however
16. “They didn’t take measures in time, oth erwise the explosions , ”some experts said.
A. wouldn’t happen
B. didn’t happen
C. wouldn’t have happened
D. mustn’t have happened
17. Her attitude towards study is more positive in comparison to she held three months ago.
A. it
B. the one
C. that
D. one
18. My deskmate is kind, hard-working and intelligent. , I can’t speak too highly of him.
A. As a result
B. After all
C. On the whole
D. By the way
19. Though to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
A. surprising
B. surprised
C. to surprise
D. being surprised
20. we promise continuous increase in rural incomes improve the whole people’s well-being.
A. Only if; we can
B. If only; can we
C. Only if; can we
D. Unless; we can
21. It is better to lose one’s life than.
A. if you lose your spirit
B. to lose one’s spirit
C. losing his spirit
D. your spirit getting lost
22. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health.
A. being carried out
B. carrying out
C. to carry out
D. carried out
23. I heard that they offered five reports last week, of which contained any useful suggestions.
A. either
B. all
C. none
D. neither
24. —How did you like the concert last night?
—I enjoyed it very much, but the dancers a better job.
A. could have done
B. must have done
C. could do
D. had done
25. —How can I apply for a position in your company?
—Just fill out this form we will see what is the fittest for you.
A. or
B. but
C. otherwise
D. and
答案解析
1.【解析】选C。考查时态和主谓一致。either. . . or. . . 连接两个名词时, 后面的谓语的单复数采
用就近原则。be to do sth. 表示将要发生的动作, 而be doing表示正在发生的动作。根据monitor及后面的to be held next Sunday可知选C。
【变式训练】
either your classmates or your close friend to attend the meeting tonight?
A. Are
B. Is
C. Have
D. Has been
【解析】选A。考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构得知这是一个疑问句, 根据后面的to attend可知谓语动词为be to do结构, 故排除C、D两项。当neither . . . nor. . . /not only. . . but also. . . /not. . . but. . . /either. . . or. . . /there be等接主语时, 谓语动词用就近原则, 即根据最近的主语来判断, 根据classmates可知A项正确。
【知识拓展】
当as well as/with/together with/along with/like/rather than/more than/less than/other than/but/except/except for/besides/including/in addition to连接两个名词作主语的时候要用“就远原则”, 即根据第一个名词来判断谓语动词的单复数形式。
2.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 完成困难的家庭作业后, 她感到如释重负。根据句意以及宾语
a great weight和动词take off之间的被动关系可知用过去分词作宾语补足语。
【误区警示】
做本题时考生容易受汉语影响, 认为take是主语发出的动作而误选A。
3.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。根据时间状语in 776 BC以及主语The Olympic Games与动词play的被动关系可知答案为B, 过去分词作非限制性定语。
4.【解析】选D。考查时态。根据but she is studying in our school now. 可知前面表示过去的事实, 故用一般过去时。
【误区警示】
本题考生容易受she is studying影响而误选A或C, 但此题but . . . now表示转折, 显然前面的句子表示与过去相关的时态。
5.【解析】选D。考查情态动词。根据语境可知, 不能留下来吃饭的原因是My parents are coming to see me. 。因此, 这属于因客观原因造成的“不能做某事”。
6.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意: 房子在雅安地震中被损坏的居民都被当地政府给予了帮助。做本题时考生容易受汉语以及句子结构的影响而误选D, 这是因为考生没有确定中间部分的定语从句。
【变式训练】
①The boss company Mr. Li worked heard about the accident that happened last night.
A. in whose
B. in which
C. whose
D. of which
【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意: 李先生所工作的公司的老板听说了那起发生在昨晚的事故。公司和老板之间有所属关系, 因此用whose, 又因为李先生在公司工作用介词in, 于是构成了in whose的结构。
②Microblog is a platform people can express their thoughts and communicate with each other by sending posts.
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. when
【解析】选C。考查定语从句。先行词a platform表地点, 定语从句缺地点状语, 故选关系副词where。
7.【解析】选D。考查条件状语从句。句意: 如果要爬山的话, 你就必须遵守一系列的规则。根据前后文的逻辑关系可知答案为D。
8.【解析】选C。考查时态语态。第一空中主语与动词之间为被动关系, 故用被动语态; 第二空中当某些动词, 如sell, wash, clean等后有well/badly/easily/smoothly表示主语属性的词的时候常用主动语态。
【误区警示】
做本题时考生受动词的主动与被动影响容易误选D。而表示事物的特点和属性时, 某些动词, 如break/handle/wash/sell/write/measure/weigh/tear要用主动语态。
【变式训练】
well, this kind of books out the other day.
A. Sold; was sold
B. Selling; sells
C. Sell; sold
D. Selling; was sold
【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词与时态语态。句意: 这种书很好卖, 在几天之前就被销售一空了。第一空是非谓语动词, 主动形式表主语属性, 第二空是一般过去时的被动语态。
9.【解析】选D。考查with的复合结构。句意: 下周有三个专业人士来帮助她, 她肯定会提前完成那项工程。
【知识拓展】
(1)With something hard to deal with, he had an uneasy time. (表示主动、将来)
(2)With something hard dealt with, he decided to relax himself. (表示被动、完成)
(3)With something disappointing filling his mind, he got angry, leaving alone. (表示主动、进行)
(4)With a delicious dish being cooked, he daren’t go out for a second. (表示被动、进行)
(5)Without anyone/With none to lead us, we have no choice but to create our fields all by ourselves. (表示目的、将来)
10.【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意: 坦白讲, 我坐飞机去还是坐火车去都无所谓。it作形式主语, whether从句是真正主语。
11.【解析】选C。考查反意疑问句。句意: 那个懒惰的女孩上周一肯定被解雇了, 是吗? 根据句意及句子结构得知此句表示对过去事实的推测, 其反意疑问句与The lazy girl was dismissed last Monday的反意疑问句相同, 故用wasn’t。
【变式训练】
The hard-working boy must have achieved his goal last year, he?
A. hasn’t
B. didn’t
C. wasn’t
D. doesn’t
【解析】选B。考查反意疑问句。根据句意及句子结构得知此句表示对过去事实的推测, 其反意疑问句与The hard-working boy achieved his goal last year的反意疑问句相同, 故用didn’t。
12.【解析】选A。考查独立主格结构。句意: 做出决定后, 下一个问题就是如何做出一个好的计划。having been done是现在分词的完成被动式, 表示“完成+被动”, 作状语表示该动作发生在主句动作之前。【误区警示】
本题考生容易受汉语句子结构的影响而误选B, 如果选B要在the next problem前面加and。
13.【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意: 既然他们的孩子们已经离开了家, 他们有了许多额外的空间。根据句意得知主句与从句之间存在因果关系, 因此选表原因的now that。
14.【解析】选D。考查状语从句。句意: 只要我们坚持并努力, 我们内心的梦想终究会实现的。on condition that引导条件状语从句。
15.【解析】选B。考查让步状语从句。句意: 在选举中不管你投谁的票, 我希望你至少要知道你为什么要投票。状语从句缺宾语, 故排除C、D两项; who不能引导让步状语从句, 可用no matter who, 相当于whoever。
16.【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。otherwise引导出相反的结果(猜测)。句意: “他们没有及时采取措施, 否则的话就不会出现这几次爆炸。”一些专家说。
17.【解析】选C。考查代词。it指上文的同一事物, 故排除; attitude为不可数名词, 不能用one来代替, 故排除B、D。此处that相当于the attitude。
18.【解析】选C。考查短语。句意: 我的同桌既善良又用功并且很聪明, 总之我再怎么赞扬他也不过分。根据句意可知要用On the whole(总的来说)。
19.【解析】选B。考查省略结构。此句补全为Though he/she was surprised to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome。故选B。
【知识拓展】
某些连词引导的表时间、条件、让步、方式、比较等的状语从句中, 当主语与主句主语一致且从句谓语含有be动词时, 可以把从句主语和be一起省略。
例如: (1)If(it is)used correctly, time is money in the bank.
(2)Though(it is)not large, the room is nice and cozy.
20.【解析】选C。考查倒装句。当only if/when/after/because/then/by doing等置于句首强调状语的时候, 后面的(主句)部分要用部分倒装。
21.【解析】选B。考查句子结构。根据前面is better to lose可以判断此处要用对比的句子, 故用to lose one’s spirit
【误区警示】
做本题时考生容易被than影响, 认为than是介词要用-ing形式误选C。这是一个对称结构, 即将两个不定式进行比较。
22.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。该句从句中缺少条件状语, 从句的主语exercise与carry out之间是被动关系, 所以要用过去分词; A项虽然表示被动, 但是作状语时往往表示正在进行。也可以将该题看作是省略句, 省略了it(proper amounts of exercise)is。
23.【解析】选C。考查代词。句意: 我听说他们上周提供了五份报告, 没有一份报告含有任何有用的建议。
A、D仅限于两者, 故排除。根据后面的“any useful suggestions”可知选C。
24.【解析】选A。考查情态动词的虚拟用法。从转折词but来看, 回答方认为舞蹈演员的表演美中不足, 本来能够做得更好一些, 这表现的是与过去事实相反的想法, 因此用could+have done。must have done肯定已经做了, 表示对过去动作的判断; C、D两项表达的是事实, 语气不符合语境。
25.【解析】选D。考查祈使句。答句句意: 填好这份表格我们就会了解到你最适合什么样的岗位。此处为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构, 表示递进或并列的意义。
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