绕城高速公路出入口指路标志信息量及版面设置研究

Abstract

The overload of information on guide signs is extremely easy to appear on the ring expressway. On the one hand, the ring expressway is built around the city, connected the expressway outside and the urban road, too much information must be informed. On the other hand, while the building speed of ring expressway is rapid, the specification of road signs about ring expressway is delay. Based on such situation, the study sets the information content experiment about entrance and exit of ring expressway, discusses the reasonable information content of the guide signs under the cantilever type and gantry type support methods. Based on the result of information content experiment, illustrates the layout of entrance and exit about ring expressway.

Firstly, discusses the characteristics of roads and traffic at the ring expressway; counts the forms of interchanges used at the ring expressways; explains the concept of information content by two different ways, which are information content based on quantity and information content based on information theory.

Secondly, an information experiment for the high-speed entrance and exit guide signs around the city was set up. AutoCAD was used to design the signboards with different numbers of information. The road modeling was carried out using 3D virtual reality software UC-Win/Road. The number of different information signboards was embedded in the modeling road and the software was used to simulate the driving function. In the information search process under the vision environment, the SPSS box map method and the robust estimation theory were used to process the experimental data. It was concluded that when the cantilever support method is used, the number of information pieces is five, and when the gantry type support method is adopted，the number of information items is nine.

Thirdly, according to the characteristics of the high speed and internal urban roads of the ring expressway, the guiding information outside the guiding city and the guiding information inside the city are respectively classified, and the information selection method is given. According to the experimental conclusions, the layout plan of the guide sign is given for the expressway entrance sign and export guide sign around the city, including horizontal information to provide two-level place name information, and the longitudinal information at the far end only provides the road number and orientation. Sign-setting principle, detailed forecasting method of setting up a combination of guide signs for brief advance notice, indirect guidance of guide signs under high-density road network environment, setting of guide signs for double exit ramps, diversion ramps, etc.

In the end, the Hechizhai Interchange is selected as an example. The conclusions of the information experiment and the layout method are used to set the guide signs. According to information theory, the information model is used to calculate the guide sign information. The amount is calculated, and the information density of each marker is calculated by the short-term memory time; the driver's information processing capability at different vehicle speeds is calculated; the information density is compared with the driver's information processing ability, and the verification is based on the number of information. The amount of information set is reasonable.

Key words: entrance and exit about ring expressway, information content, support method, layout optimization, information density

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第一章绪论 (1)

1.1研究背景及问题的提出 (1)

1.2研究目的与意义 (2)

1.3国内外研究现状 (3)

1.3.1 国外研究现状 (3)

1.3.2 国内研究现状 (4)

1.3.3 研究现状总结 (7)

1.4主要研究内容及技术路线 (8)

1.4.1 主要研究内容 (8)

1.4.2 技术路线 (9)

第二章指路标志相关基础理论分析 (11)

2.1驾驶员指路标志视认过程 (11)

2.2绕城高速出入口处互通式立交道路与交通特性 (13)

2.2.1 出入口匝道的分类与组成 (13)

2.2.2 常用立交形式解读 (15)

2.2.3 道路交通特性 (18)

2.3信息量解读 (20)

2.3.1 基于信息条数的信息量 (20)

2.3.2 基于信息论的信息量 (21)

2.4基于信息论的指路标志信息量的计算 (23)

2.5本章小结 (27)

第三章基于UC-WIN/ROAD指路标志极限信息量实验 (29)

3.1实验目的 (29)

3.2实验思路 (30)

3.3实验设计 (31)

3.3.1 实验用标志版面的制作 (31)

3.3.2 实验用道路的建模 (32)

3.3.3 被试者的选取 (34)

3.3.4 实验流程 (34)

3.4实验数据的收集与处理 (35)

3.5悬臂式指路标志极限信息量实验与分析 (37)

3.5.1 不含单独道路编号的指路标志信息量实验 (37)

3.5.2 含有单独道路编号的指路标志信息量实验 (41)

3.6门架式指路标志极限信息量实验与分析 (45)

3.7本章小结 (48)

第四章绕城高速出入口指路标志版面优化设置 (49)

4.1指路标志信息分级与选取 (49)

4.1.1 指路信息分级 (49)

4.1.2 指路信息选取 (51)

4.1.3 指路信息的传递 (52)

4.2指路标志版面优化设置 (53)

4.2.1 入口指路标志 (53)

4.2.2 出口指路标志 (57)

4.3本章小结 (63)

第五章设置示例与信息量验证 (65)

5.1基于西安绕城高速河池寨立交的指路标志设置示例 (65)

5.1.1 河池寨立交简介 (65)

5.1.2 河池寨立交指路标志设置示例 (66)

5.2基于信息论的指路标志信息量计算及评价 (69)

5.2.1 指路标志信息量的计算 (69)

5.2.2 指路标志信息密度计算 (70)

5.2.3 驾驶员信息处理能力 (72)

5.2.4 基于信息密度的信息量评价 (73)

5.2.5基于信息量评价的设置优化 (74)

5.3本章小结 (75)

结论与展望 (79)

参考文献 (80)

致谢 (85)

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