各国数字电视标准

Country Multiplexes

Operational Bands Carrier type Guard

interval FEC

Modulation

Reception

model

MFN and SFN Max.

transmitter ERP Middleware

Channel bandwidth Australia 5mostly VHF,

some UHF

1/16 &1/8 for

3/4 &2/3 FEC

3/4 and 2/3

64QAM HDTV and SDTV

both MFN and SFN

30kW VHF & 200kW UHF

MHP

7MHz for both VHF and UHF

Austria

1 during the trial in Graz

UHF 8k 1/8 3/416QAM

indoor, portable & fixed SFN being used for trial

MHP with

UMTS &telephone return being used in the trial

8MHz Belgium

3-5 planned UHF 8k 1/8 3/4

indoor rod ant.

to compete with cable

SFN MHP reported

as being tested

8MHz Denmark

4 planned,one initially

UHF

1/4

3/4

64QAM

SDTV

MFN with SFN

50kW

MHP

8MHz

各国在卫星/有线数字电视标准大多采用欧洲标准DVBS 和DVBC ，对于复杂的地面广播数字电视标准，国际上有三大标准，DVBT ，ATSC ，ISDB －T ，大多数国家采用的是DVBT ，以下对各国的地面广播数字电视标准做了一个简单的汇总

In 2000 CDG and the traditional broadcast network operator, Ceské Radiokomunikace (CRa), each launched DTT test projects in Prague to speed up DTT in the Czech Republic. The CDG DTT project covers two transmitters on existing television towers in the city.

Both of these projects cover territory around fifty kilometres from the centre of Prague. Since 2000 there has been a multitude of tests carried out, including MHP interactive services, to prove the reliability of digital transmissions. There are currently four CDG channels on air, five CRa channels and three radio channels on each of the two multiplexes, some carrying demonstrations of MHP services.

February 2004 is the next milestone for the possible governmental acceptance of the DTT strategy in Czech Republic. CDG and its owners are planning for a DTT roll out in early 2004Czech Republic

各国数字电视标准

Estonia one initially UHF 8k 1/8 2/364QAM Freeview initially. Re-bcast analogue

MFN

MHP planned 8MHz Faroe Islands 4UHF 8k 1/8 3/464QAM replacement for

analogue

MFN

400 Watts 8MHz

Finland 3

UHF

1/8

2/3

64QAM

Freeview SDTV MFN

50kW

MHP 8MHz

France Germany

4 initially

UHF and VHF 8k 1/8

2/3 & 3/416QAM indoor, mobile & fixed SFN & MFN 10kW VHF,120kW UHF MHP being adopted 8MHz UHF &

7MHz VHF

Hungary

3-6 planned, 1

during trial

UHF

8MHz Italy 5 (2004)UHF and VHF

2/3 for UHF,3/4 for VHF

64QAM

Free view and pay chanels

MFN MHP

UHF/8MHz,VHF/7MHz (8MHZ planned for VHF later)

Iran Ireland 6

UHF

Freeview and

pay

8MHz

Latvia

6 planned

UHF

64QAM

MHP

8MHz

Luxembour g

2/3

64QAM

SFN

2kW

Israel It is expected that four multiplexes will be allowed carrying around 20 programmes in Vilnius by the end of 2005. Klaipeda and Kaunas should also be covered with the same multiplexes by the end of 2006 with other major cities following by the end of 2007.

France will use 8k with 64QAM modulation in Bands 4 & 5

India chose the DVB-T standard for Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting in July 1999 after 18 months of study and testing.

The state broadcaster Doordarshan started a pilot trial in Delhi during 2002 which is extending to Calcutta, Mumbai and Chenai.India A joint field trial using Bezeqs two existing DVB-T test transmitters will take place during the first half of 2004 enabling it and content providers to learn digital broadcast technology.DV BT

It was reported that DTT planning by the Greek Administration began last year with the priority being to cover the Attiki region around Athens which would immediately cover 50% of the population.

This will also be a pilot project to define a network for the rest of Greece using both SFN and MFN networks.Greece

Lithuania Iran chose DVB-T as its terrestrial digital TV system after extensive technical study.

Malaysia Moldova

Netherlands 5-6 planned

after switch

off UHF only

8k 1/8

2/3

64QAM indoor rod

ant./portable/fix

MFN's and

local SFN's

10kW MHP 8MHz Norway

3 in 2001 plan UHF only

64QAM freeview mainly both

60kW

MHP

8MHz

Poland 5UHF 8k 1/32 2/364QAM fixed &16QAM portable

Freeview MFN MHP 8MHz

Portugal

4UHF 8k 1/4during trial 2/3 during

trial

64QAM being re-thought National

SFNs planned

MHP planned 8MHz

Singapore 2UHF 2k mobile, 8k fixed 1/4

mobile,

1/8 fixed 1/2 mobile,

2/3 fixed

QPSK mobile,64QAM fixed

Freeview

MFN and SFN 40kW

OpenTV, MHP

planned

8MHz

Slovakia 2+1

MFN and SFN's

Slovenia

6UHF and VHF

8k 64QAM,QPSK for mobile fixed, portable,mobile MFN with

extensive

SFN

8MHz UHF,

7MHz VHF

Malaysia has yet to formally announce its choice of a standard for DTTB. Indications are that DVB-T will be the choice but a formal decision is still pending.DTT is not a high priority at the moment and an analogue switch off date has not been decided. A new Broadcasting Act due to be passed this year should be more specific

In December 2003 it was formally announced that Russia will adopt the DVB-T system for terrestrial digital broadcasting and DVB-S for satellite broadcasting.This follows a two-year study of competing standards as well as a series of trial broadcasts in Moscow, St Petersburg and Nizhny Novograd.It is reported that national digital conversion should be completed between 2010 and 2015.

Romania

Russian Federation

Sentech was first on the air in February 2000 with 5 fixed and 2 mobile targeted transmissions.

The fixed service uses 8k, 64QAM modulation with a 1/32 guard period and a 2/3 FEC. The mobile service uses 2k, QPSK with a 1/2 FEC and a 1/4 guard. Both configurations which are in an 8MHz UHF channel are subject to change.

The Orbicom transmission also uses an 8MHZ UHF channel and has been radiating since November 2001. Both fixed and mobile transmission experiments are taking place.

8k, 64QAM modulation with a 1/32 guard and an FEC of 2/3 is used for fixed reception with 2k, 16QAM, a 1/8 guard and an FEC of 2/3 used for mobile tests.These settings are also varied so that effect of different configurations can be assessed.It has been reported that the digital to analogue transition will take 10-15 years.

South Africa

Mauritius Malaysia has yet to formally announce its choice of a standard for DTTB. Indications are that DVB-T will be the choice but a formal decision is still pending.

DVB-T was approved as the system of choice by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology in the year 2000. Test transmissions will take place in Bucharest with two transmitters in an SFN configuration

Spain 4/5 planned UHF 8k 1/4 2/364QAM relaunch likely as Freeview MFN and some SFN 8MHz Sweden

UHF 8k 1/8

2/3

64QAM SDTV pay,HDTV trialed 2003

MFN and SFN 50kW

Open-TV

8MHz Switzerland 6UHF 8k 64QAM MFN 8MHz Taiwan 5 planned initially

UHF only

1/8

1/2 mainly,some 3/4

16QAM

Freeview, pay added later MFN and SFN

5kW, some 3kW

MHP

6MHz

Turkey United Kingdom

6 (4-16QAM,2-64QAM)UHF only 2k 1/323/4 for

16QAM, 2/3for 64QAM

most

16QAM, 2MUX 64QAM

fixed, external

antenna

MFN 20kW MHEG 8MHz

America

Canada South Korea Argentina Mexico

IS DB

Japan

Vietnam has been transmitting DVB-T signals in Hanoi since March 2001.

Later a transmitter was also installed in Ho Chi Minh City and both stations continued trial transmissions.

The knowledge base has increased steadily over the years and some Vietnamese based manufactures are now producing there own transmission equipment.

Vietnam

AT SC

Studies on how and when to introduce DVB-T in Turkey are still taking place

有效輻射功率(Effective Radiated Power, erp)：傳送至天線之功率乘以天線最大增益(相較於半波偶極天線，half-wave dipole)。.The fixed service uses 8k, 64QAM modulation with a 1/32 guard period and a 2/3 FEC. The mobile service uses 2k, QPSK with a 1/2 FEC and a 1/4 guard. Both configurations which are in an 8MHz UHF channel are subject to change.

The Orbicom transmission also uses an 8MHZ UHF channel and has been radiating since November 2001. Both fixed and mobile transmission experiments are taking place.

DB Japan