愚人节来历英文介绍.doc

愚人节来历英文介绍.doc
愚人节来历英文介绍.doc

愚人节来历英文介绍

April Fools' Day 愚人节

April Fools' Day is a day to play jokes on others, No one knows how this holiday began but people think it first started in France.

In the 16 th century, people celebrated New Year's Day from March 25 to April 1. In the mid—1560s King Charles IX changed it from March 25 to January 1. But some people still celebrated in on April 1, so others called them April Fools.

Each country celebrates April Fools' Day differently. In France, people call the April Fools “April Fish”. They tape a paper fish to their friends' backs to fool them. When he or she finds this , they shout “April Fish!”

In England, people play jokes only in the morning. You are a “noodle” if someone fools you. In Scotland, April Fools' Day is 48 hours long. They call an April Fool “April Gowk”. Gowk is another name for a cuckoo bird.

In the America, people play small jokes on their friends and any other people on the first of Aprol. They may point down to your shoe and say, “ Your shoela ce is

untied.” If you believe them and look down to see, you are an April Fool then.

愚人节的由来版本一:每年4月1日,是西方也是美国的民间传统节日——愚人节.愚人节起源于法国.1564年,法国首先采用新改革的纪年法——格里历(即目前通用的阳历),以1月1日为一年之始.但一些因循守旧的人反对这种改革,依然按照旧

历固执地在4月1日这一天送礼品,庆祝新年.主张改革的人对这些守旧者的做法大加嘲弄. 聪明滑稽的人在4月1日就给他们送假礼品,邀请他们参加假招待会.并把上当受骗的保守分子称为“四月傻瓜”或“上钩的鱼”. 从此人们在4月1日便互相愚弄,成为法国流行的风俗.18世纪初,愚人节习俗传到英国,接着又被英国的早期移民带到了美国. 愚人节时,人们常常组织家庭聚会,用水仙花和雏菊把房间装饰一新.典型的传统做法是布置假环境,可以把房间布置得象过圣诞节一样.也可以布置得象过新年一样,待客人来时,则祝贺他们“圣诞快乐”或“新年快乐”,令人感

到别致有趣. 4月1日的鱼宴.也是别开生面的.参加色宴的请帖,通常是用纸板做成的彩色小鱼.餐桌用绿、白两色装饰起来.中间放上鱼缸和小巧玲珑的钓鱼竿,每个钓竿上系一条绿色飘带,

挂着送给客人的礼物——或是一个精巧的赛璐珞鱼,或是一个装满糖果的鱼篮子.不言而喻,鱼宴上所有的菜都是用鱼做成的.

在愚人节的聚会上,还有一种做假菜的风俗.有人曾经描述过一

个典型的愚人节菜谱:先是一道“色拉”,莴苣叶上撒满了绿胡

椒,但是把叶子揭开后,才发现下面原来是牡蛎鸡尾酒;第二道菜是“烤土豆”,其实下面是甜面包屑和鲜蘑;此后上的菜还有用蟹肉作伪装的烧鸡和埋藏在西红柿色拉下面的覆盆子冰淇淋.饭后,客人还可以从丸药盒里取食糖果. 不过愚人节最典型的活动还是大家互相开玩笑,用假话捉弄对方.有的人把细线拴着的钱包丢在大街上,自己在暗处拉着线的另一端.一旦有人捡起钱包,他们就出其不意地猛然把钱包拽走.还有人把砖头放在破帽子下面搁在马路当中,然后等着看谁来了会踢它.小孩们会告诉父母说自己的书包破了个洞,或者脸上有个黑点.等大人俯身来看时,他们就一边喊着“四月傻瓜”.一边笑着跑开去.总之,每逢愚人节这一天,动物园和水族馆还会接到不少打给菲什(鱼)先生成莱昂(狮子)先生的电话,常常惹得工作人员掐断电话线,以便减少麻烦. 如今的愚人节在美国已主要是淘气的男孩子们的节日了. 版本二:据说,愚人节起源于一个很有名的希腊神话传说. 农业女神得墨忒尔,在希腊是个妇孺皆知的神祗.她具有无边的法力,可以使土地肥沃,五谷丰登,也可以令田园荒芜,万物凋零.在希腊众神中,她也是尊崇的女神之一.万神宙斯是她的弟弟,也是她的丈夫.仅仅这个身份,就足以使众神在她的脚下俯首帖耳了. 但是,这位权势无比的女神的生活并非十全十美.宙斯凭借着神王的地位,到处拈花惹草,闹出了许多风流韵事,给得墨忒尔带来了无穷无尽的烦恼.能够让她享受生活乐趣的,还是她和宙斯生的女儿佩尔塞福涅,一个聪慧、美丽、天真、活泼的姑娘,和她在

一起,任何人都不会悲伤和忧愁. 这一天,冥王哈得斯驾车巡视

西西里岛,恰好被在云端中走过的爱与美女神阿芙罗狄忒看到了,同时让她看到的,还有正在田野里散步的佩尔塞福涅,以及她的

伙伴女战神雅典娜,狩猎女神阿尔忒弥斯. 一看到这几个人,阿

芙罗狄忒就气不打一处来.这几个男女,从来不议论爱情,也不谈婚论嫁,眼睛里可还有她爱神的地位吗?雅典娜和阿尔忒弥斯是

出名的贞洁女神,又都以武艺高强,神通广大,闻名神界天国,还

是不惹为好.但对佩尔塞福涅这小丫头,可就不必客气了. 于是,头上晃动着神圣光环的阿芙洛蒂德唤过自己的儿子?小爱神厄罗斯,对他说:“看看吧,这几个人是怎洋对待爱情的?如果人和神都学他们的样,我们还怎样统治这个世界?来,给哈得斯射上一箭,让他疯狂地爱上佩尔塞福涅!” 厄罗斯是个百发百中的神射手.他弯弓劲射,一技无形的情欲之箭,正扎进哈得斯的心窝.然后,

他便跟随着阿芙洛蒂德,扬长而去,静等着看好戏了. 果然,哈得斯中箭后,对佩尔塞福涅产生了刻骨铭心的爱.但他明白得很,这个远近闻名的美人儿,绝不会情愿放弃阳光明媚的大地和天空,

跟他到阴暗的冥府中去.因此,他找到自己的兄弟?众神宙斯,请

求他作主将女儿嫁到冥府. “这个么……我作不了主”,众神的主宰沉思着说,“你也知道,得墨忒尔难缠得很.不过,你要是有

本事把佩尔塞福涅抢走,我倒不反对.” 得到了神王的默许和暗示,哈得斯满心欢喜,他立刻返回冥土,做好抢亲的准备. 一天,

佩尔塞福涅在田野里正欲弯腰采摘一朵野花时,大地突然裂开了

一条宽宽的地缝.随后,一辆闪闪发光的金车,冲上了地面,驾车的就是威风凛凛的冥王.他不由分说,一把抱起佩尔塞福涅,放到他身边的座位上,一声吆喝,马车便以迅不可及的速度沉入地下.裂开的大地倏然合上了,依然是阳光灿烂,绿草如茵,除了天空中还回荡着佩尔塞福涅的呼救声外,好像什么也没发生过.得墨忒尔在很遥远的地方,听到了女儿撕心裂肺般的呼救声.但当她以最快的速度飞回来时,女儿已经不见了.她只知道女儿被“强盗”劫走了,但是,这个强盗是谁,却一点蛛丝马迹也寻不出来.那些知道佩尔塞福涅下落的神灵们,全都缄口不言.他们知道这件事的背景,宙斯和哈得斯都不是好惹的,谁也不想引火烧身.有几个神祗被*问急了,也是东西南北瞎扯一通.女神按照他们的指点,没头苍蝇般乱闯乱撞,不用说,这些都成了徒劳无功的跋涉. 然而,对女儿的爱,促使得墨忒尔永无休止地找下去.无论哪个神说了什么,她都确信不疑.虽然后来的事实证明,那些都是彻头彻尾的谎言.无奈之下,她在深不可测的埃特纳火山口点燃了两支松木火把,把整个世界照得一片通明.从那时起,无论黎明女神还是黑夜女神,都未见她坐下来休息片刻. 就这样,得墨忒尔走遍了世界上的每一个角落.但是,她的女儿就像被风卷走了,被太阳晒化了,或者变成了水汽和浮云似的,仍然踪影全无.众神对她也逐渐由同情转为厌恶.因为这个“女疯子”为寻找女儿,搅得世界上没有片刻安宁.他们越加拿她开起心来,忽而指向东南,忽而指向西北,无非是想把她支走,过几天太平日子. 最后,得墨忒尔

只得拖着疲倦的身子,返回了西西里岛,佩尔塞福涅失踪的地方.奔波了这许多天,连罪魁祸首是谁都不知道,女神的气恼可想而知.于是,她便把一肚子的怨气,都撒到了西西里农人身上.她杀死了岛上所有的耕牛,命令土地坚如钢铁,封住地里的种子,让所有的植物都枯黄凋零.把这个地域辽阔的大岛弄得赤地千里,饿殍遍地. 宙斯见她闹得太不像话,就“好心”地劝她再到别处看看,别拿无辜的农民出气.得墨忒尔不知其中有诈,再一次踏上了东西逛的征途.这一下了可不得了,不知多少地方,由于女神的愤怒,变得颗粒无收,到处都弥漫着饥馑和灾荒的绝望气氛. 当她明白自己又上了丈夫一个大当时,才静下心来,想一想到底该怎洋办,无意中她抬起头来,看到了驾着金车,在茫茫太空巡行的太阳神赫利俄斯.猛然想到,只有他高高在上,普照一切,明察秋毫,天底下发生的任何事情,都不可能逃过他的双眼.这才手执火把,飞到赫利俄斯面前,请他指点迷津. 伟大的太阳神怜悯女神的遭遇,又无需畏惧冥王的权势.而且,他也不愿意得墨忒尔再这样大闹下去,让众神看笑话,让老百姓受难,便把哈得斯抢亲的情况,仔细描述了一番.得墨忒尔恍然大悟,但为时已晚.此时此刻,佩尔塞福涅在哈得斯的威*利诱下,已然成了尊贵的冥后,无法再到地上和母亲团聚了.何况,得墨忒尔再神通广大,也没本事把女儿从哈得斯手中硬夺过来. 得墨忒尔知道自己受了众神的欺骗、愚弄,愤懑和气恼又加深了一层.她干脆下了一道命令,让全世界的植物一起凋零,所有的庄稼全部枯死,大地上不允许出现一丝绿

色.自己则躲到一个偏僻的地方,不再露面. 这一来,天上地下全部乱了套.老百姓没有粮食吃,每天都有成千上万人饿死.成群结队的亡魂拥入冥府,吵吵闹闹,把哈得斯弄得心烦意乱,狼狈不堪.众神也因为得不到人间的祭祀和礼物,一个个饿得面黄肌瘦.宙

斯没办法,只好让佩尔塞福涅每年有1/3时间住在冥府,2/3时间则返回人世,侍奉她的母亲.以后,每当佩尔塞福涅留居冥土时,得墨忒尔便愁眉不展,大地也是一片萧条.而女儿一旦和她团聚,女神便喜笑颜开,世界也重现草木复苏,群芳争艳的勃勃生机.

很明显,在这个故事里,得墨忒尔是一个十足的傻瓜.她不知道爱神的把戏,不知道丈夫和哈得斯的同谋,事件发生后,又被众神支得团团转,屡屡受骗上当,被人戏弄.此后,人们便设立了愚人节,用善意的谎言,告诫那些自以为聪明的人,不要由于轻信,干出贻笑大方的蠢事. 除上述这个故事外,关于愚人节的起源,还有另

外一种传说.在中世纪时,多数基督教国家都使用儒略历,把3月25日到4月1日作为新年节日来庆祝.按习俗4月1日这天,人们要互赠礼物致贺.公元1752年,格里高利历开始颁行,新年移

到了1月1日.但人们旧俗难改,仍愿意在4月1日向别人送贺礼,这个“新年”,本身就是虚假的了.后来,有些爱恶作剧的人,干

脆把礼物也变成虚假的.说是送一盒点心,里边可能是块石头.声言前去拜访,却让主人干等半天.受骗的人不甘心,也照方抓药,

进行报复,久而久之,就形成了愚人节. 今天,愚人节已经发展成为一个国际性节日,差不多在整个欧洲和北美都流行.苏格兰称

这一天的受骗者为“布谷鸟”,似乎和农业女神仍有些关系.法国人则叫作“四月鱼”这大概是因为小鱼在四月刚孵出,糊里糊涂地见饵就吞,容易上钩的缘故吧! 随着时间的推移,愚人节作弄人的手法,也是花样翻新,新意百出.如:新婚的妻子可能会收到告发丈夫不忠的信件,碌碌无为的公务员会接到提升的调令,儿子会接到父亲去世的电报.某年4月1日,英国《每日镜报》登出一帧照片,一个面容酷似某国总统的男人,一手挽着一个几乎全裸的美女.凡此种种,如果你都信以为真,就上了大当.当然,如果你真受了愚弄,也不必像得墨忒尔女神那样大光其火,拿出点“绅士”风度,一笑置之,才符合愚人节与人为善的真谛.

用英文介绍愚人节的来历和风俗(中英对照版)

用英文介绍愚人节的来历和风俗(中英对照版) 马上就是愚人节了,那么该节日是怎么来的?这一天是公众假期么?如何用英文来介绍愚人节的来历?各个国家有怎样的习俗呢?跟着出guo来了解一下吧,欢迎阅读。 除了愚人节之外,为邻居玩弄无害恶作剧而留出一天的习俗在世界上是相当普遍的。在乔叟的“坎特伯雷故事集”(1392年)中,“修女的牧师的故事”被设置为Syn March的大胆开朗的两个人。现代学者认为,在现存手稿中存在抄袭错误,而乔叟实际上写道,Syn March是gon。因此,通道本意月32天后,即5月2日,订婚纪念日理查二世以波希米亚的安妮,这发生在1381的读者显然误解了这条线意味着“ 3月32日“,即4月1日。在乔叟的故事中,公鸡Chauntecleer被狐狸欺骗。 1508年,法国诗人Eloy d'Amerval提到了poisson d'avril(愚人节,字面意思是“四月之鱼”),这可能是对假期的一个参考。 1539年,佛兰芒语诗人爱德华·德提纳写谁送他的仆人在愚蠢的差事4月1日是一个贵族的,在1686年,约翰·奥布里称假期为“Fooles holy day”。 1698年4月1日,有几个人被骗到伦敦塔去“看狮子”。 在中世纪,3月25日在大多数欧洲城镇庆祝元旦。在法国的一些地区,新年是4月1 日结束的为期一周的假期。一些作者认为愚人节的起源是因为那些在1月1日庆祝的人取笑了那些庆祝其他日期

的人。1月1日作为元旦在16世纪中叶在法国很常见,而这一天在1564年由鲁西荣诏书正式通过。 在荷兰,愚人节的起源往往归因于1572年荷兰人在布莱尔的胜利,西班牙公爵阿尔瓦雷斯德托莱多被击败。“Op 1 april verloor Alva zijn bril”是荷兰谚语,可以翻译为:“四月一号,阿尔瓦 失去了他的眼镜。”在这种情况下,眼镜(荷兰语中的“bril”)作 为Brielle的隐喻。然而,这个理论对于愚人节的国际庆典没有提供任何解释。 虽然没有圣经学者或历史学家知道提及这种关系,但有人表示 相信,愚人节的起源可能会回溯到创世记洪水叙事。在1908年版的 哈珀周刊漫画家伯莎·R·麦克唐纳(Bertha R. McDonald)写道:“当局严格地将它与诺亚和方舟的时代背道而驰。伦敦公共广告商1769 年3月13日印刷:“在4月的第一天,在水已经减少之前挪亚将鸽 子送出方舟的错误,并且为了延续这次拯救的记忆,它被认为是正确的,无论谁忘记如此卓越一种情况,通过发送一些类似于族长送出的无效信息的无袖差事来惩罚他们。“ Aside from April Fools' Day, the custom of setting aside a day for the playing of harmless pranks upon one's neighbor is relatively mon in the world.In Chaucer's Canterbury Tales (1392), the "Nun's Priest's Tale" is set Syn March bigan thritty dayes and two. Modern scholars believe that there is a copying error in the extant manuscripts and that Chaucer actually wrote,

Lantern Festival 元宵节的由来英文介绍

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烧饼 Clay oven rolls 油条 Fried bread stick 水饺 Boiled dumplings 蒸饺 Steamed dumplings 馒头 Steamed buns 饭团 Rice and vegetable roll 蛋饼 Egg cakes 皮蛋 100-year egg 咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg 豆浆 Soybean milk 1元宵关键词 lantern /‘l?nt?n/ n. 灯笼 festival /'fest?(i)vl/ n. 节日riddle /'rid?l/ n. 谜语 sweet /swi:t/ adj. 甜的dumpling /'d?mpli?/ n. 饺子/汤圆soup /su:p/ n. 汤 2简短介绍

On Lantern Festival, we eat sweet dumpling soup. At night, we go to the fair to see beautiful la nterns and solve lantern riddles. 在元宵节这一天,我们吃汤圆。晚上,我们去庙会赏灯,猜灯谜。 元宵节词汇 元宵节:festival of lanterns,lantern festival dumplings 元宵: the rice glue ball 灯谜:riddles written on lanterns 灯具:lamps and lanterns 灯花 snuff 灯笼 lantern scaldfish 灯塔 beacon lighthouse pharos 灯语 lamp signal 灯油 kerosene lamp oil 灯心蜻蜓 damselfly 糯米 glutinous rice /?ɡlutn?s ra?s/ 芝麻 sesame /?s?s?mi/ 花生 peanut /?pi?n?t/ 糖 sugar /???ɡ?/ 汤圆 rice ball /rice,b?l/ 元宵节经典句型 How shall we celebrate the Festival of Lanterns? 我们怎么庆祝元宵节呢?

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