高考阅读理解第一讲-细节理解题
阅读理解第一讲细节理解题
1.全国卷3年高考统计表
[解题指导]
1．阅读短文和读题审题的先后顺序问题。
Passage→Questions→Passage这种答题模式有利于把握文章的主旨和作者的态度情感，但是速度较慢，不能在阅读过程中积极主动地预测文章内容，不能快速地把握题目和选项的关联性。因此，阅读过程缺乏主观能动性。
Questions→Passage→Questions这种答题模式针对性较强，节省答题时间，可用来解答细节性的问题，但是对于主旨性和推断性问题显得效果不明显。
对于两种答题模式，可根据题型而做出选择，以提高答题效率。
2．准确定位阅读材料的题材和体裁，抓住正确选项和干扰选项的特征，把握短文材料的主旨大意，依照题目和自然段对应的关系，找出事实依据，排除绝对意义的语义选项，提高阅读速度和精确度。
1．特殊疑问句形式。以when，where，what，which，who，how much/many等疑问词开头引出问题。
2．判断是非的形式。含有TRUE/FALSE，NOT true/false或EXCEPT等词的判断是非的问题。要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not，never等。
3．以“According to...”开头的提问形式。
4．填空形式。如The teacher used Tinkertoys in order to________。
一、细节理解题正确选项的特征
1．同义替换。对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lose one’s job换成了be out of work；有时候词性或者语态有所变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important 改成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，即主动语态与被动语态的转换。
2．语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。
3．正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
二、细节理解题干扰选项的特征
1．张冠李戴。是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。
2．无中生有。符合常识，但不是文章的内容。
3．曲解文意。与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。
4．颠倒是非。在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。
5．正误参半。部分正确，部分错误。
一、直接信息题——“关键词”定位法
首先从问题中找到“关键词”，然后以此为线索，运用略读和跳读的技巧在文中快速寻找“关键词”细节部分，找到后仔细阅读这一部分内容，仔细对比文中细节与所给选项的细微差别，然后确定最佳答案。
二、间接信息题——对号入座法和排除法
间接信息题属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。命题者在出此类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的方法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A观点说成B观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是解题的关键。常见干扰项的特点：
1.将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上
却是错误选项。
2.无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。
3.偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，而所述细节却与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。
4.文不对题。这类选项最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确实属于原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。
5.符合常识，但不是文章内容。
6.部分正确，部分错误。
例如：Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music，its significance，and its potential as a unifying(联合)voice across cultures.
…
28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A．To remember the birth of jazz.
B．To protect cultural diversity.
C．To encourage people to study music.
D．To recognize the value of jazz.
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ，阅读理解A片段)
…
Sandra Day O'Connor (1930－present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ，in 1981，the first woman to join the U．S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
…
22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?
A．Her lack of proper training in law.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women.
D．The poor financial conditions.
高中阅读理解细节题解题技巧及练习
阅读专题-----细节题 一、题型特点与命题方式 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。细节事实理解题 主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题 两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就 能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类 题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。 这类试题旨在考查考生对事实细节的确定。这类试题一般只针对文章中某一特定的细节，也可能涉及若 干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图形图表或地图来表示信息等。此类试题一般又可分为两类： 一是直接理解题，答案可在原文中直接找到;二是词义转换题，答案是原文中有关词语和句子的转换，而不能 在原文中直接找到。 一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工 或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题 型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (not) correct? Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true except… Which of the following statements is true/NOT true/false, according to the passage? Choose the right order of the events given in the passage? 该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重 要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属 于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问 题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 二、解题思路与应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找 到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。 通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征： 1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。 2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障 碍。 3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。 干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征： 1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。 2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事 情。 3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。 4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。 5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要 回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。
阅读理解之细节题(上)
practice HyderabadHyderabad, India To improve people’s lives, Hyderabad is planting more and more trees. The cityy is even creatingg ggreener buildingsg that use less water and less electricityy for power. Adding green to a city has a number of advantages. For example, trees make the air cleaner. In Hyderabad, streets were grey and dirty in the past. HHowever, todayt d theyth are fillfilledd withith treest andd flowers,fl makingki theth cityit cleanerl andd more colourful. Green areas also give people places to relax or exercise. A study in the USA shows an interesting thing: the greener a neighborhood is, the less crime there is. 2012年天津市中考C篇 4.对比处：常见标志词有compared with/to, unlike等。 【ExampleE l 4】 Unlike a computer,p , Kindle never ggets hot so yyou can read comfortably as long as you like. https://www.360docs.net/doc/55853755.html,pared to a computer, Kindle . A. doesn’t get hot B. has no screen C. is harder to use D. is heavier to carry (2011年北京市西城区一模) 【Example 5】 68. According to the passage, why do many patients stop getting injections? A. Because of the pain and stress of the injections. B. Because they are too lazy. C. Because they like taking pills (药丸). D. Because theyy are waitingg for the new device. (2012年黄冈市中考A篇) practice 5555. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Learning a second language can help us find a good job quickly. B.. Dr.. Mechelliec e madede thee experimente pe e amongo g threeee differentd e e groups.g oups. C. Learning a second language is the same as studying other subjects. D. The earlier we learn a second language, the more money we pay. （2012年北京市大兴区二模C篇） A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College LondonLondon, took a group of Britons who only spoke EnglishEnglish. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second languageg g before the ageg of five,, as well as a number of later learners.
高考英语阅读理解细节理解题的解题步骤和方法
细节理解题的解题步骤和方法 一、教学引入 细节理解题.是高考英语阅读理解最重要的一类题型。根据我的分类，所有的阅读理解题型按照答案在文中出现的位置和形式不通，可以分为细节理解和主旨大意两大类，而前一类在整个题量当中大概会占到80%甚至以上的比例。 二、细节理解题的分类 细节理解题的答案往往不是文章中的细节在选项中的简单重复，而是根据文中的细节经过合理的推理或转化得出的。 1．同样，按照答案在原文中出现的位置，细节理解题可以分为集中型细节理解题和分散型细节理解题。 （1）集中型：就文章的单个细节提问，答案在原文中出现的位置一般也位于单句话或几句话中。 因为具体细节不同，出题形式千变万化，因题而异。如： 【2010江苏】57. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably 【2010上海】70.. As is mentioned in the card, the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that （2）分散型：题目涉及到文章某一段或几段，甚至贯穿全文的各个位置，需要考生寻找文章中的多个细节。请注意，分散型细节理解题并不意味着题目的正确答案出现在文章的不同位置，正确答案往往也是关于文章的某一个句子或细节。只是说文章的干扰选项是关于不同的细节，需要我们在定位的时候阅读某一个区域。分散型细节理解题常见的出题方式有： Which of the following is not true? We can learn/infer from the passage that… Which of the follow ing is NOT mentioned about …? 也有因题而异的，有些看似集中的其实也分散在文中，需要考生仔细定位。如： 【2010江苏】61. Some people are against killing wolves because . 原文所陈述的原因有很多段，而并不是单个的句子。 2. 就题目形式而言，细节理解题的表现形式是多种多样的，最常见的有： （1）文章细节：针对文中细节直接提问 （2）指代判断：判断文中某个代词或特定词组的指代关系 （3）图表数据：对题目中的图标和数据进行简单的计算 （4）词义猜测：推测文中某个词或词组的含义 （5）顺序排列：选择文中细节出现的正确的时间顺序或逻辑顺序 （6）态度目的：作者在文中引入某个细节的目的，或对某个细节或细节人物的态度 三、细节理解解题方法 三大法宝：顺序原则、定位词、排除法 1. 把握解题的顺序原则。一般来说隐含题目答案的位置与题目的顺序是一致的，这能帮助我们缩小寻找范围，大大提高效率。我们做题时可以采用采用步步为营法，看一题做一题。 【2010广东】 C Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly, The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms. Certain microorganisms (微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release (释放) poisons that make people sick. Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepaid. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops. Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with ditty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from gnawing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat raid mushrooms or other foods that
阅读理解中的细节理解题题型与策略
龙源期刊网 https://www.360docs.net/doc/55853755.html, 阅读理解中的细节理解题题型与策略 作者：刘芳 来源：《都市家教·下半月》2013年第03期 【摘要】毋庸置疑，阅读理解是高中英语的重头戏，它主要考查我们学生对单词、句 子、短文的理解能力，这种能力既是高中英语的主要目标，也是提高英语能力保证其它题型正确性的基础。从某种意义上来说，阅读能力的高低是英语学习的关键也是高考英语成败的关键。掌握不同的解题策略，在高考冲刺阶段，一定能给学生的阅读能力起到事半功倍的效果。 【关键词】阅读理解；细节题；策略 不同的阅读题型有不同的解题技巧，笔者研究了2010-2012年安徽省高考英语试卷发现，阅读理解细节题在这三年高考卷阅读理解部分的比重分别是45%、40%、45%.不难发现，细节理解题在阅读理解占有举足轻重的地位，那么，下面就细节理解题，我谈下我个人的体会。 一、定义 文章出现某些现象或观点，题干针对文章的相关内容进行发问，考查学生对相关内容的理解、分析综合的能力。 二、题型探究与解题策略 题型探究一：Wh-题或不完整的陈述式 命题形式： （1）According to Jonathan， what do you need to have fun with kites？ （2）If a child is interested in the universe， he probably will visit . 典例1 （12 全国卷）：56. If a child is interested in the universe， he probably will visit . A. a Youtheater B. an art museum C. a natural history museum D. a hands-on science museum 分析：这句话的意思是：如果一个孩子对宇宙感兴趣，他可能会去哪里。题干的关键词是in the universe，我们带着关键词在文章里迅速浏览，找到相关的段落结果，我们会发现in the sky 是对in the universe的转化，所以答案选C。
高考英语阅读理解细节理解类型题
1．题型特点与命题方式 所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等 抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为： When / Where did the story happen? Which of the following statements is (NOT) correct? Which of the following statements is (NOT) mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the statements are true EXCEPT… 该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。所以，搜查信息在阅读中非常重要，它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 2．解题思路与应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。 通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征： (1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。 (2)词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。 (3)语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 (4)正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。 干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易 把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征： (1)将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。 (2)把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。 (3)无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。 (4)偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。 (5)文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提出的问题。 下面结合最新高考试题，对细节题的不同类型加以解读。 1．直接信息题 对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给
阅读理解(1)细节理解题(含解析)
细节理解题 (一)题干定位 (2015·全国Ⅰ，A) Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August.Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.They end around 21：00. November 7th The Canal Pioneers，by Chris Lewis.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building.Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”． December 5th Ice for the Metropolis，by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers，there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells，and how London's ice trade grew. February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals，by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer.We will have a report on the present state of play. March_6th Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands，by Miranda Vickers.The Thames has many islands.Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.She will tell us about those of greatest interest. Online bookings：https://www.360docs.net/doc/55853755.html,/book More info：https://www.360docs.net/doc/55853755.html,/whatson London Canal Museum 12-13 New Wharf Road，London NI 9RT https://www.360docs.net/doc/55853755.html, www.canalmuseum.mobi Tel：020 7713 0836 文章大意：本文是一则关于伦敦运河博物馆月度讲座安排的广告。
高考英语阅读--细节理解
专题一阅读理解 第1讲细节理解题 [真题演练] A (2017·全国卷Ⅰ，阅读理解B) I work with Volunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never ，when it works，it is simply beautiful. I got a rescue call from a woman in had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the I arrived，I saw a 2－to 3－week－old had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine，If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree. The homeowner was very wire basket was put some pine
branches into the basket to make this nest safe and placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down. Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring. A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者救助一只猫头鹰幼雏的经历。 ★ is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to Paragraph 1 A．Efforts made in vain. B．Getting injured in his work. C．Feeling uncertain about his future. D．Creatures forced out of their homes. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.”可知，救助野生动物的工作有时让人悲伤，因为不
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江苏2017高考英语阅读理解--细节理解题讲解及训练（含答案） 阅读理解解题指导 阅读理解历来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、区分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。下面我们来探讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。 阅读理解----【细节理解题】 细节理解题主要考查考生对阅读材料中某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。它的设题方式主要有以下两种： 1. 以what, who, which, when, where, why, how等特殊疑问句的方式来提问，针对文章中的具体事物、人物、时间、地点、原因(目的)、方式等来设问考查。解这类题时，大家可以带着问题去阅读文章，最后采用“对号入座”的办法，把原文信息跟后面的题目对照，最后确定出正确答案。如:真题摘选【1】(2013 江苏卷D篇) I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about
高考阅读理解细节题
一、高考阅读理解细节题 细节题的重点是：定位 定位主要从段再到具体的句 如何定位：通过中心词定位到段，再根据某一方面具体到句 问题一：如何将问题进行解析来定位 问题二：如何将四个选项进行分析来定位 总结：将一个句子拆分开 1.which one is ture among the sentences?〔判断四个选项的对错：其中有3个选项存在细节性的错误，在看选项时务必将每个选项可能存在的错误找出来在到文中进行比对〕 2.what can we infer from the passage?〔四个选型那句话是对的〕 课堂讲解训练 A TEACH DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN IN QUITO IN ECUADOR SUMMARY FACTFILE Price: From ￡775, excluding flights Duration: From 2 weeks to 6 months subject to visa requirements Start Dates: All year round—you choose your start and finish dates Requir ements: At least aged 17, no qualifications necessary, but you’ll have to be enthusiastic. You’ll need to know a little Spanish to do this project, but if you have no knowledge of Spanish at all, you can your project with 1-week intensive 〔强化的〕 Spanish course in Quito before starting your project. 56. A member to be admitted into the project should ________. A. know English and Spanish well B. have college certificates C. be over 17 with enthusiasm D. afford a holiday of one year 〔注意：根据题目直接定位，如何将题目中的关键信息进行提取〕 B A U.S. dad quit his job, giving up a massive salary, after his 10-year-old daughter gave him a 22-point list outlining all the events he missed so far during the year. As the CEO of the $2 trillion global investment fund PIMCO, Mohamed El-Erian shocked the finance industry when he quit in January. El-Erian said it was about a year ago when he was repeatedly asking his daughter to brush her teeth, but she wasn’t listening. When he asked her why, she responded with a list of 22 milestones he had missed: like the first day of school and the first soccer game of the season. “And the school year wasn’t yet over,” El-Erian wrote. “I felt awful and got defensive: I had a good excuse for each missed event! Travel, important meetings, and urgent phone call, sudden to-dos. But it dawned on me that I was missing an infinitely more important point. My work-life balance had gotten out of whack, and the imbalance was hurting my very special relationship with my daughter. I was not making enough time for h er.” El-Erian explained he was struggling with the same thing so many parents do—work-life balance. Dads who are quitting their profit-making jobs to improve work-life balance is a subject that is getting more traction as some high-profile executive have recently written about their experiences. Last month, former MongoDB CEO Max Schireson wrote a blog post for Time about his decision to step ’s top job. He wrote that he struggled to make time for his three children because he was flying around half a million kilometres a year for work. “I was not with my kids when our puppy was hit by a car, or when my son had an emergency surgery,” Schireson wrote. On an overnight flight to Texas he woke up in Arizona to discover the plane made an emergency landing and some traumatized crew members had to be replaced. He decided it was time to address his work-life balance. Quitting is something El-Erian and Schireson were financially able to do, but El-Erian recognizes most people don’t have this luxurye mployees. El-Erian now manages “a portfolio of part-time jobs” that don’t require as much travel. He alternates mornings
英语阅读理解事实和细节题技巧示范
专项阅读理解考察的主要内容之一：考察事实和细节 此类题目大多是针对文章的细节设计的，是阅读中最简单最基础的题，每篇阅读的五个小题中一般是1-3个。此类题型的问题一般有以下两种提问方式（1）考察文章中的时间，地点，人物，情节和结局，主要以what、who、which、when、where、how或者why等词引导，就文中某句、某段或某一具体细节进行提问并要求考生回答。（2）文章中出现的语句的真确辨析，以下列问题常见Which of the following is right /not right Which of the following is mentioned /not mentioned From the passage, we know or learn that ….Give the right order of the sentences这类题的特点是：凡针对特定的细节的题目，其正确答案大多都可以在阅读材料中找到相对应的文字描述作为依据。可以是原文中的一个句子，也有可能是若干个句子，但有时是不同与原句的方式，句式或是同义句，同义词。 做好这类题目做好这类题的要领是： 1.明确题意，顺藤摸瓜。 2.按照要求，寻找答案来源。 3.找准关键词，明白其暗示作用。 4.多读课文，正确使用排除法。 务必做到下笔有据，不能根据自己读完后模棱两可的印象去做，必须回到原文中相关的地方反复查看，推敲，得到很确信的答案。另外要求考生在做这类题时，情绪要稳定，不急不躁，有条不紊的排除干扰项。试试下面两篇阅读，你是否能全对！ It was a warm March evening, and I’d just taken a seat on the bus .A middle-aged woman took a seat opposite me. She was crying, not speaking to anyone in particular, she told her story in tears. She had come to the city to visit her daughter. But a thief had stolen one of her bags on the way. In the bag there was half of the money she’d brought with her. After a few minutes, she stopped crying, and began to eat some bread with a sad look. An old man in old and almost broken clothes got on the bus .He sat in front of the woman. After a few minutes, the bus conductor collected tickets. When he came to the old man, the old man felt sorry. He explained that he had spent all his money this morning when he’d gotten on the wrong bus and now he was trying to go home . On hearing this, the bus conductor ordered the old man to get off the bus . The old man was almost in tears a he begged the bus conductor to let him take that bus so he could get home before dark. When the conductor raised his voice at the old man, the woman behind said ,“stop troubling him! Can’t you see he’s only trying to get home”
高考阅读理解第一讲-细节理解题
阅读理解第一讲细节理解题 1.全国卷3年高考统计表 [解题指导] 1．阅读短文和读题审题的先后顺序问题。 Passage→Questions→Passage这种答题模式有利于把握文章的主旨和作者的态度情感，但是速度较慢，不能在阅读过程中积极主动地预测文章内容，不能快速地把握题目和选项的关联性。因此，阅读过程缺乏主观能动性。 Questions→Passage→Questions这种答题模式针对性较强，节省答题时间，可用来解答细节性的问题，但是对于主旨性和推断性问题显得效果不明显。 对于两种答题模式，可根据题型而做出选择，以提高答题效率。 2．准确定位阅读材料的题材和体裁，抓住正确选项和干扰选项的特征，把握短文材料的主旨大意，依照题目和自然段对应的关系，找出事实依据，排除绝对意义的语义选项，提高阅读速度和精确度。
1．特殊疑问句形式。以when，where，what，which，who，how much/many等疑问词开头引出问题。 2．判断是非的形式。含有TRUE/FALSE，NOT true/false或EXCEPT等词的判断是非的问题。要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not，never等。 3．以“According to...”开头的提问形式。 4．填空形式。如The teacher used Tinkertoys in order to________。 一、细节理解题正确选项的特征 1．同义替换。对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lose one’s job换成了be out of work；有时候词性或者语态有所变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important 改成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，即主动语态与被动语态的转换。 2．语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。 3．正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。 二、细节理解题干扰选项的特征 1．张冠李戴。是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。 2．无中生有。符合常识，但不是文章的内容。 3．曲解文意。与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。 4．颠倒是非。在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。 5．正误参半。部分正确，部分错误。 一、直接信息题——“关键词”定位法 首先从问题中找到“关键词”，然后以此为线索，运用略读和跳读的技巧在文中快速寻找“关键词”细节部分，找到后仔细阅读这一部分内容，仔细对比文中细节与所给选项的细微差别，然后确定最佳答案。 二、间接信息题——对号入座法和排除法 间接信息题属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。命题者在出此类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的方法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A观点说成B观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是解题的关键。常见干扰项的特点： 1.将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上