国家开放大学《高层建筑施工》阶段作业3试题及答案

一、判断正误题（每题0.25分，共1.5分）

题目1：基坑开挖一般分为有支护开挖和有支撑开挖两种方式。（错）

题目2：相邻基坑开挖时应遵循先深后浅或同时进行的施工程序，挖土应自上而下水平分段分层进行。（对）

题目3：相邻基坑开挖时应遵循先浅后深的施工程序，自上而下水平分段分层进行。（错）

题目4：有支护（锚拉）的基坑要分层开挖，分层数为基坑所设支撑道数加一。（对）

题目5：在软粘土地基采用中心岛式开挖时，由于挡墙的受荷时间长，在软粘土中时间效应显著，有可能增大支护结构的变形量。（对）

题目6：软粘土地基采用中心岛式开挖时，由于挡墙的受荷时间短，时间效应不显著，支护结构的变形量较小。（错）

题目7：放坡开挖应按上缓下陡原则施工。（错）

题目8：盆式开挖方法支撑用量小、费用低、盆式部位土方开挖方便。（错）

题目9：盆式开挖方法适合于基坑面积大、支撑或拉锚作业困难且无法放坡的大面积基坑开挖。（对）

题目10：盆式开挖方式的挡墙无支撑暴露时间比较短，时间效应不显著。（对）

二、单项选择题（每题0.25分，共4分）

题目11：基坑挖土应自上而下水平分段分层进行，边挖边检查坑底宽度及坡度，每（3m）左右修一次坡，至设计标高再统一进行一次修坡清底。

A. 5m

B. 4m

C. 6m

D. 3m

题目12：放坡开挖深度较大的基坑时，宜采用多级平台（分层开挖）。

A. 全面开挖

B. 分块开挖

C. 分层开挖

D. 分段开挖

题目13：放坡开挖时，对深度大于（5m）的土质边坡，应分级放坡开挖。

A. 4m

B. 3m

C. 5m

D. 6m

题目14：放坡开挖的第一道施工工序是（测量放线）。

A. 排降水

B. 分层开挖

C. 测量放线

D. 整平

题目15：中心岛式开挖多采用（正产挖土机）施工。

A. 正铲挖土机

B. 抓铲挖土机

C. 反铲挖土机

D. 拉铲挖土机

题目16：挖方边坡的坡度及放坡形式与（基坑宽度）无关。

A. 边坡上地面荷载

B. 土质情况

C. 基坑宽度

D. 施工环境

三、多项选择题（每题0.5分，共4.5分）

题目17：无支护挖土和有支护开挖都有的工作内容是（ABDE）。

A. 土方开挖

B. 监测与环境保护

C. 土坡护面

D. 降水工程

E. 地基加固

题目18：挖方边坡的坡度及放坡形式应根据(ABDE)，同时还要考虑施工环境、相邻道路及边坡上地面荷载的影响。

A. 基坑深度

B. 地下水情况

C. 基坑宽度

D. 场地大小

E. 土质情况

题目19：岛式开挖宜用于支护结构的支撑型式为(ACD )，中间具有较大空间的情况。

A. 环梁式支撑

B. 横撑

C. 斜撑

D. 角撑

E. 边桁（框）架式

题目20：深基坑土方开挖方式主要有（ABDE）。

A. 逆作法开挖

B. 盆式开挖

C. 人工开挖

D. 岛式开挖

E. 盖挖法开挖

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