被动语态的用法与注意事项

一.何时使用被动语态

英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:。

1.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者时使用被动语态

例句

How is this word pronounced? 这个单词怎么发音?

Scientists say that work is done whenever a force moves. 科学家们说，力移动时就做了功。

After war,everything had been destroyed. 战争结束后，一切都被毁坏了。

A greater number of magic English books will be published next year.

明年将有更多的魔法英语书出版。

2.强调动作的承受者时使用被动语态

例句

If you break the school rules，you will be punished. 如果你违反校规，你将受到惩罚。

A new Hope School will be opened in our village. 我们家乡将开办一所新的希望学校。

She is liked by everybody. 大家都喜欢她。

Xiao Li was elected monitor of the class. 小李被选为班长。

3.当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时使用被动语态

The bridge was washed away by the flood. 桥被洪水冲走了。

We were shocked by the news of his death. 我们听到他的死讯极为震惊。

Many accidents were caused by careless driving. 许多事故都是开车不小心造成的。

4.修辞的需要，使用被动语态可以使句子更加简练、匀称

例句

He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.

他出现在舞台上，受到了观众的热烈鼓掌。

The old professor gave a lecture on American history and was well received.

这位老教授作了一个有关美国历史的讲座，受到大家的热烈欢迎。

I was shown round the school campus by Sean，who had entered the school just a year before. 肖恩带我参观了校园，他去年刚进这所学校。

5.为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己时使用被动语态

例句

You’ve been told many times not to make the same mistake.你已被多次告知不要犯同样的错误。

Everybody is expected to obey the following rules. 希望大家遵守以下规定。

The control room may not be entered without permission. 非经许可，勿人控制室。

6.科技文献中为了客观地描述事情及其过程时应使用被动语态

例句

The film is coated with light-sensitive chemicals, which are changed by the different shades and colours of light. 胶卷上涂了一层感光的化学物质，这些物质因光的不同色度与颜色而改变。

7.在新闻报道中使用被动语态可以体现新闻的客观性

The west-east gas pipeline project was kicked off on July 4, a big event in the nation’s west development campaign.西气东输工程7月4日全线开工，这是国家西部大开发战略的一件大事。

8.有些动词习惯上常用被动语态

例句

He was born in this city. 他出生在这个城市。

The school is situated in the suburbs. 这所学校位于郊外。

常用于被动语态的动词有

born（出生）、 situate（坐落于）、 build（建造）、break（打破）、publish（出版）等。

二.使用被动语态时的主意事项

1.“get+过去分词”结构也可以表被动

例句

The boy got hurt on his way to school. 这个男孩在上学的路上受伤了。

These cleaners got paid by the month. 清洁工人按月拿工资。

He got caught in the heavy rain on his way home. 在回家的路上他被困在大雨中了。

类似短语

get burnt（着火）、get killed（被杀）、get hurt（受伤）、get lost（迷路）

get dressed（穿衣服）、get changed（变化）、get married（结婚）、get washed （洗）等。

2.有部分动词接双宾语，那么变为被动语态时也有两种形式。

例句

主动语态：I passed him a new book.我地给他一本书

被动语态：A new book was passed to him（by me）. 或 He was passed a new book （by me）.

可接双宾语的动词有

give（给）、hand（传给）、show（展示）、teach（教）、send（派遣）、pass（传递）等。

3.有些“动词+介词/副词”构成的固定动词短语，变为被动语态时要注意其完整性，不可分开。

例句

主动语态：We should take good care of the old and the children. 我们应该照顾好老人和小孩。

被动语态：The old and the children should be taken good care of.

4.有些由“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词，其结构较松散，变成被动语态时也可以将名词和其后的介词拆开。

例句

主动语态：They make good use of the library. 他们充分利用图书馆。

被动语态：Good use is made of the library. 这个图书馆的利用率很高。

5.英语中，有些动词接不带to的不定式做宾补，但是当它们变为被动语态时，要把to加上去。

例句

主动语态：The boss made them work twelve hours every day. 老板让他们每天工作十二小时。

被动语态：They were made to work twelve hours every day.

可接不带to的不定式做宾补的动词有

let（让）、have（使）、see（看）、notice（注意）、watch（观看）、listen to （听）

hear（听）、observe（观察）、feel（感觉）等。

被动语态的几种特殊用法

被动语态的几种特殊用法(1)主动形式表示被动意义 1)常见的这类动词有：“act，add up，clean，compare，count，cook，draw，fill，iron，keep，let，look，make up，milk，kill，open，photograph，prove，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。 The window won't open．(这扇窗户打不开。) The cow milks well．(这头牛出奶率很高。) Damp wood will not fire．(湿木不易燃烧。) She doesn't photograph well．(她不上相。) His judgment proved wrong．(他的判断是错的。) The banana peels easily．(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。) Flies kill easily in autumn．(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。) It turned out fine that day．(结果那天天气很好。) How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?) 2)实用动词“need／want／deserve／require +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。 My hair needs cutting。． The bike wants repairing． It doesn't deserve mentioning． Hamlet is required reading for the course．(《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。) 3)一些固定句型如：e worth doing sth．have/get sth．猨?搩湯履，以及to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义： Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting．(北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。) Mr.．Wilson had his wallet stolen the day before yesterday．(威尔逊先生前天丢了一个钱包)。 The bike is under(in)repair．(自行车正在修理中。) This tape recorder is in use．(这种录音机正在使用中。) 4)一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义： ①There be句型： There are a lot of things to do． There is nothing to worry about． ②不定式修饰want, have等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时： I want some clothes to wash． Do you have anything to say for yourself? ③不定式修饰buy，get，give等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时：

英语被动语态用法详解

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【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more. A．was broken into; is belonged to B．broke into; is belonged to C．broke into; belonging to D．was broken into; belongs to 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，break into“破门而入”，答案为was broken into；第二空，belong to“属于”，无进行和被动语态，结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为belongs to。故选D。 2．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。答案：A 3．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology. A．has discovered B．has been discovered C．had discovered D．had been discovered 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。 4．The si nger’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago. A．viewed B．has viewed C．was viewed D．has been viewed 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被

英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。

被动语态的基本用法

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【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

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被动语态的结构及用法

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被动语态特殊用法总结word版本

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【备战高考】英语被动语态用法详解

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高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

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英语被动语态用法 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

语态篇——常见与不常见的被动 [提问]在下面这个句子中，那些部分为被动语态“I had not originally been scheduled to work this day but I was extremely pleased when I was asked to help out at the last minute, for it would be one of the most memorable days of the games. (Experiencing English Integrated Book Page120)” 答：要分析上面这个句子，并划出相应的被动语态部分，首先要清楚地了解什么是被动语态和被动语态的结构。在学中，语态是针对动词而言的一种形式，描述句子中和参与此动作的之间关系。语态分为主动Active Voice和被动Passive Voice两种。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态；如果主语为动作的承受者时，称为被动语态。例如：“猫吃老鼠。”这句话是主动语态；而“老鼠被猫吃。”则是被动语态。一点意见，我觉得这些语法太简单了被动语态强调动作的对象或动作本身，句中主语是动作的受动者。分析句子时找到主语和谓语动词，如果主语并非主动行为，而是接受动作，是动作指向的对象，那么该句就是被动句。被动语态的基本构成为： be动词+及物动词过去分词。其中be动词随着句子的不同时态发生相应变化，并要注意随主语人称、单复数变化而使用正确形式。 1）一般现在时：am／is／are＋V-ed 2）一般过去时：was／were＋V-ed 3）一般将来时：will／shall be＋V-ed 4）现在进行时：am／is／are being＋V-ed 5）过去进行时：was / were being + V-ed 6）现在完成时：have／has been＋V-ed

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被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”。例如： we can repair this watch in two days. --This watch can be repaired in two days. We must finish this work soon. --This work must be done soon. 六、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题. （1）时态保持一致。I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired. （2）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。 His best friend often looks after him. --He is often looked after by his best friend.

被动语态的用法大全

语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。英语中的被动语态使用得比汉语要多，要普遍，许多课本乃至实际应用中都常常涉及到这个问题。一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动式。须注意的是，许多地方与汉语不同。注意那些汉语中没有"被……"的意思，英语却应该用被动态。还要注意，英语的被动态往往由"by"引出，而有用介词"by"的短语往往又不是被动态，而是系表结构。还有些特殊现象，如：known to man(人类......所知)，on foot步行(美国人有时用by foot)，in carraige(乘四轮马车)等等。还有假主动，真被动的十几个常用词的用法，以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried 等习惯用法。有关这类情况，做到心中有数对全面掌握被动态，准确无误地解答习题非常关键，被动态必须涉及的是动词的各种时态变化的问题。英语的时态本来很复杂，怎样记住各自的被动形式呢? 首先要明确"将来进行无被动，现在完成进行同"。这两种时态无被动形式。另外，不及物动词带有同源宾语的动词，反身代词的动词和系动词都无被动形式。即便如此，还有不定式，动名词，分词，以及它们的复合结构)的被动态，再加上情态动词，助动词以及它们的疑问式和否定式从中掺杂，真是令人头痛，眼花缭乱。下面口诀就以动词do为例，即do did过去式done过去分词，以口诀形式总结各种时态的被动态，一定对你有所启示。被动语态（一般现在时）主动语态变被动语态时，主动语态句中的宾语变成被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语成为被动语态句中的动作的发出者。被动语态的口诀一般现、过用be +过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。完成时态have(has) done，被动将been加中间。一般将来shall (will) do，被动变do为be done。将来进行无被动，shall (will) be doing, 现在完成进行同，have (has) been doing。现、过进行be doing, 被动be加being done。情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。 1.一般现在时is\am\are+P.P(过去分词) 2.一般过去时was\were+P.P 3.一般将来时will be+P.P 4.现在进行时is\am\are+being(固定不变)+P.P 5.过去进行时was\were+being(固定不变)+P.P 6.现在完成时have\has been+P.P 7.过去完成时had been+P.P 语法结构 1.if结构（非真实条件句——表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况）与..事实相反If从句主句过去Had done Would* have done