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四、历年试题

1.Youraccountofwhathappenedyesterdayapproximatestherealf acts.（99.10）

A.near

B.of

C.to

D.upon

答案：C。考点：此题考查词组approximateto表示“与…接近”。

2.汉译英：正是由于出生率下降了，我们的社会才变得如此老龄。

(99.10)

Itisbecausethebirthratefellthatoursocietyhadgrownsoold.

3.Nationsareas"aged"whentheyhave7percentormoreoftheirpeo pleaged65orabove.

A.limited

B.classified

C.originated

D.processed(00.4)

答案：B。本题考查词组：classifyas表示把…列为。

4.汉译英：一个社会的人口增长率越接近零，其人口便越老龄化。

(00.10)

Thenearerasocietyapproximatestozeropopulationgrowth,theo lderitspopulationis.

5.Ifyouarenow,yououghttopaymoreattentiontoyourhealth.(01 .4)

A.inthefifties

B.inyourfifties

C.infifties

D.inyourfifty

答案：B.本题主要考查词组inyourfifties表示"在你50岁时"。

Growth,the(old)itspopulationislikelytobe.(01.10)答案：older。本题主要考查“the+形容词比较级….the+形容词比较级”

的用法。

7.Inhiscompositiontherewerenoothererrorsafewmisspelledwo rds.(02.4)

A.beside

B.except

C.then

D.than

答案：D。本题主要考查词组"noother…than"的用法，表示“除了…外，没有…”。

8.Wewouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressoursincere

(appreciate)ofyourhelp.(02.4)

答案：appreciation。本题中sincere是形容词，因此后面接名词。Appreciate是动词，其名词形式是appreciation.

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第三节写作中真正实用的英语语法据考证，“语法”一词源于希腊语“Grammatike”，意指体现于写作过程中的“文字的技巧”，它是语言运用的规则，构建句子的框架，遣词造句的黏合剂，也是英语各项技能的基础，尤其在写作过程中起着举足轻重的作用。但四、六级考试改革中对语法题目的减少使很多人误以为语法的地位被削弱，加之近年来重视综合技能的各类语言理论的出现，使得一部分考生在写作复习过程中完全摈弃对语法部分的准备，久而久之，形成了“轻语法，重语感”的习惯。而另一部分考生则缺乏必要的语法运用能力，他们可以准确解答语法题目，却不能在作文中灵活运用语法写出漂亮句子。这些考生文章的共同特点就是只有其意，不见其形。语言是思维的外衣，准确的语法是高分作文的重要必备条件。如果考生能在写作中娴熟地运用语法技巧，就可以使文章逻辑严密，形神兼备。鉴于语法体系庞大繁杂而备考时间有限，此节内容无法涵盖整个语法体系，只能选择写作中出现频率较高的语法进行重点讲解，如状语前置、倒装、虚拟语气、强调句等，并辅以例句讲解，希望能够帮助考生扫除写作中的语法障碍，轻松闯关。状语前置一般而言，英语句子中，状语成分的位置是可前可后的。但状语的前置是六级作文中常用的句式。所谓状语前置，就是把修饰动词的状语结构，如分词短语，介词短语，动词不定式结构等放到句首。这一句式的最大优点就是断句自然，让单调的句子有跳跃的节奏感。请看下面句子： 1）With the expansion of industrialization, requirement for energy all over the world is on the rise.（随着工业化进程的发展，全世界的能源需求都在增加。） 2）Once lushly forested, this region has seen more than 80% of its original vegetation cut down or burned. (这个地区曾经丛林密布，但现在80% 的原生植被被砍伐或焚烧。) 3）To reach millions of people who watch television, advertisers are willing to pay big money. (为了能抓住千千万万的电视观众，广告商们不惜花费巨额资金。) 在以上例句中，状语的前置使得句子结构分明，避免了后置的平庸化，尤其是第二个句子中的状语部分，既简洁又有力，本身就是一个出彩的表达，如果放置到句尾就不会出现这种效果了。而第三句中不定式目的状语的前置还在一定程度上起到了强调的作用。倒装倒装又分为全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did等,并将其置于主语之前。倒装的作用是为了强调或平衡句子结构。倒装本身是较复杂的高级结构，如果在六级写作中能加以正确运用，就特别

自考英语讲义0303

III. 部分练习讲解 P149 Bridging the Gap Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given. 解题方法：把词分类 while(连词) share(动词/名词) on（介词）unique（形容词） whatever（连接词） that（关系代词/指示代词/连接词）opposites（名词）a couple of （数词） personalities（名词）wisely（副词） In the daily drama and comedy of our life, it's nice to have friends. ___1 While___ family is extremely important, friends are a different support system of your choosing. As the saying goes, you can't choose your family, but you can choose your friends." Choosing them ___2 wisely___ can make your life more exciting and inspiring.

Deciding whom you choose as your friends says as much about you as it does them. You may choose your friends based ___3 on___ similar interests. You may choose them because you're both polar ___4 opposites___ of each other and find this interesting and intriguing. Often, friends become "friends" because they naturally gravitate（被吸引）towards each other because of similar ___5 personalities___ and temperaments. Sometimes it's just circumstances ___6 that___ bring two individuals together who then become friends. ___7 Whatever___ prompts a friendship, developing one is a very rewarding experience. This is especially true when, before you know it, a certain friendship turns into a ___8 unique___ lifelong close friendship. Again, it's been said that a person normally has only ___9 a couple of___ very close friends in their life. Think of whom you deem as truly close friends.

自考英语语法名词解释

Acronyms Acronyms is a word coined by putting together the initial letters of a group of words. Affixation A word formation approach that attaches morpheme – an affix to a base，which is a word with 1 or more affixes in it. Anaphoric reference前照应A demonstrative determiner with anaphoric reference is more likely to go with a non-restrictive relative clause Cataphoric reference 后照应A demonstrative determiner with cataphoric reference，which goes with a restrictive relative clause Collective nouns These are generally countable nouns，but even in the singular they refer to groups of people，animals or things. Compound A compound，the product of composition，and it is a lexical unit consisting of more than one base and functioning both grammatically and semantically as a single word. Conversion The derivational process whereby an item is adapted or converted to a new word class without the addition of an affix. Coordination并列词Realized by coordinators （also termed coordinating conjunctions）which join units at the same level. Countable nouns Nouns that can take plural. Dangling participle:When the subject of participle is not expressed, it is normally to be the subject of the clause. It is usually poor grammar, and sometimes absurd, if this rule is broken: Trying to be quiet, the floor board creaked. But the rule is often broken when the subject is vaguely understood to be “one”, “we”, “you”, people in general. Determiner Words used in the premodification of noun phrase and put before any adjectives that premodify the head word of noun. Dynamic adjectives Many adjectives can also be used in the dynamic sense （be being a.）in predicative position to show subjective measurement or suggest a temporary state，implying the qualities can be controlled or restricted. （e.g. he is being rude） end-focus 尾部焦点under neutral conditions，the nucleus falls on the last element of the sequence as it is common that we process the information in a message to achieve a linear presentation form low to high information value. We refer to this as the principle of end-focus. ellipsis：省略leaves out the redundant/wordy part and do not provide a substitute. Exclamation Express our impression，especially our surprise，excitement，amazement，etc. It doesn…t take S-V inversion.

2016年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit2

Unit 2 Mistakes to Success I. New words and expressions New words 1. spill v.（使）洒出，泼出，溢出 2. respond v. 作出反应；响应 respond to… response 3. interview v. （媒体）采访，访问 4. creative adj. 创作的 5. occur v. 发生；出现 It occurred to me that… 6. remove v. 拿开；去掉 7. refrigerator n. 冰箱 8. grip n. 紧握；紧抓 9. slippery adj. 滑的；滑得抓不住（或站不稳、难以行走） 10. content n. 所容纳之物；所含之物 11. veritable adj. 十足的；名副其实的；不折不扣的 12. yell v. 叫喊；大喊；吼叫 13. lecture n.（冗长的）教训，训斥，谴责 14. mess n. 肮脏；杂乱；不整洁 15. rarely adv. 罕有；很少；不常 rare animals / stamps Rarely is he late for class. 16. puddle n. 水洼；小水坑 17. eventually 最后；终于 18. restore v. 使复原；使复位；使复职 19. sponge n. 海绵块 20. effectively adv. 有效地 effective ineffective 注意区分：effective / efficient 21. tiny adj. 极小的；微小的 22. discover v. 了解到；认识到；查明 discovery 23. grasp v. 抓紧；抓牢 24. lip n.（容器或凹陷地方的)边，边沿

自考英语二复习资料

? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made 是过去分词；from among 为二重介词 ? 例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表示建议意思，后面用虚拟语气。 ? 例：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time. ? 3. … decision m aking includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them. ? 解析：as well as意思是既…又… ? 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all. ? 解析：助动词do在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是确实。 ? 5. … but do not let it worry you too much. ? 解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的不定式结构。 ? 6. There is little likelihood that … ? 对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of ? 例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament.(06-4) ? A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively (C) ? ? UNIT2 ? 重点单词和短语 ? exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operate revolve glitter unlikely (be likely to) whereas concerned (be concerned about) plateau ? in theory apply to depend on research into swallow up make use of together with in every respect in other words consist of a great many under the circumstances make a difference above all as a rule ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? 例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4) ? A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all (A) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable… ? 例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。 (05-4-68) ? 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. ? 例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting. ? A. that B. when C. in that time D. what (A) ? 例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used. (03-10) ? A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular (D) ? 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit round the sun. ? 对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which has life on it. ? 4. The total water area is about three times as large as the land area. ? 解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as是表示倍数的表达法。 ? 例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strong as one with a reading of 3. (unit 6 text B) ? 5. The more we learn about other people, the better we understand their ideas, and, as a rule, the better we like those people themselves. ? 解析：the+比较级，the+比较级结构，意思是越…越…，第一个从句中谓语动词不用倒装，第二个从句谓语动词可以用倒装，也可以用正装语气。 ? 例：___ we are, ___ we become. ? A. the oldest; the wiser B. older; wiser ? C. the older, the more wise D. the older; the wiser (D) ? UNIT 3 ? 重点单词和短语 ? deteriorate debate (on/upon) request ensure oppose(be opposed to) burden sensitive privilege appoint bias accessible ? recruit ? be affected with carry out in addition to in this case open up care for take into account have …at heart be sensitive to opt out of for short amount to