2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题解析

参考答案

Part 1: 作文

作文一：大学快要毕业了，需要找工作，写一封求职信说明申请工作的原因和自己能胜任的理由。

参考样文：

Dear Mr. Johnson/ Hi, Mr. Johnson,

I wish to apply for the position of a secretary you advertised in Beijing Weekly the other day. I, a 23-year business English major graduate, will graduate from Hunan University and obtain my bachelor’s degree in a few months. I surely boast the qualifications and intern experience intended for this job, which, according to the advertisement description, demands a multi-lingual person with some secretary experience.I have been the Best Host in the host competition of our school;what's more, I’m also a very good English learner and user with CET-4 657 point and CET-6 625 point. As for my work experience, I served as intern secretary for one year for a medium-sized company, and the whole year’s intern experience has helped me aware of the significance of co-operation and co-ordination among coworkers. Because of my excellent performance, I proudly present you a recommendation letter from the company enclosed.

Thank you for your consideration of my application.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours Sincerely, Liming

2.作文二：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of information explosion by referring to the saying "a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention". You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information? You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

Although a wealth of information is believed to be good news for people, there are still those people lost in a sea of information. For example, some college graduates cannot land a job offer finally in spite of so many job offers facing them.

Then comes the question “Why people are lost when faced with a wealth of information”? Undoubtedly, the point is that "a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention".

Those who are distracted by irrelevant information cannot focus themselves on what they should concentrate themselves upon. For example, a college graduate should focus on their career planning in their all life, but unfortunately most of them are distracted by the mere desire for money. As a result, they will be loser. By contrast, Those who know their real needs and can keep themselves focused on what they should concentrate themselves upon can go all out to pursue and achieve their dreams. Such persons are sure to enjoy more success and happiness.

As to the issue, I hold that above all I must know what I myself need exactly. In other words, I must embrace a very clear and definite goal. Then, reflection and

reminding can help me a lot. I’ll usually reflect whether I stay away from my goal or not, and remind myself to be concentrated. Last I must improve myself to be more self-disciplined.

In a word, a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention. So it is significant that we should keep ourselves focused.

3.作文三：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying”Happiness is not the absence of problems”,but the ability to deal with them.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal with problem and be happy.you should write at least 150words but no more than 200words.

参考样文1：

The Way to Happiness

When it comes to the topic of “happiness”, the opinions of people usually distinguish from each other, which give rise to the heated discussion among the public concerning the way to achieve happiness. As the saying goes, “Happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them.” I personally agree that the ability to cope with complications in life is the right path of pursing happiness.

However, how could we deal with daily troubles or even struggles could generate serious concerns. From my perspective, to begin with individuals, optimism could perform an essential character. According to a survey conducted in certain institution in China, the percent of people with optimistic attitudes far out weighs the opposite in the aspects of overcoming dilemmas, thus having better opportunity to achieve the sense of happiness.

In addition, in terms of the society, certain institutions in China should launch relevant campaigns to strengthen the emphasis putting on the resolving of a problem, not the way trying to avoid it or even to neglect it. In spite of the fact that this may be a long run, these methods of coping with problems could definitely contribute to happiness in our consistent efforts.

参考样文2：

To solve problem, to taste happiness“What is happiness?” is a cliché topic. Everyone has a different definition to the true meaning of happiness. For Franklin Roosevelt, “happiness is not the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.” For Elbert Einstein, “if you want to live in a happy life, tie it to the goal, not the people or t he things.” Although the two great men grant different definitions to happiness, there is something in common, that is, happiness derives from the capacity to solve problems. I believe that this is true.

There is no denying that life is full of problems. Let’s take environmental pollution for example. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence. Fortunately, this public hazard has drawn our greatly attention and many effective measures are being taking to solve it. In fact, now the public are benefiting more and more from pollution prevention and control. We can enjoy clear air, health food and beautiful scenes again. Isn’t this happiness?

All in all, indeed, equipped with the ability to cope with problems should

suppose to be happiness. In other worlds, in the middle of problems lies happiness.

听力部分

Section C 答案：26.abused, 27.industrialized, 28.extremes, 29.extinguished, 30.mysteries, 31.tear apart, 32.toxic, 33.capable of, 34.manifested, 35.a multitude of Part III 阅读理解

Section A：36-40：FLIBK 41-45：AEHDN

选词填空36 intentions37 stems38 permanently39 delayed 40 simultaneously41 asset42 identified43 overwhelming44 equivalent45 underlying

选词填空。本套试卷的选词填空选取了一篇教育话题的文章。教育话题属于高频话题。文章分析了让家庭成员在家中只说英语的一种第二语言学习方法及其依据和漏洞，表达了对该方法的质疑，论证了该方法的错误之处。

作为整个阅读考试的第一部分，选词填空难度中等，涉及的单词和搭配也大都是常考词汇，如表示"源自于"的"stem from"，表示"压倒性的"的"overwhelming" (stem from与come from，stem from，originate from同义，overwhelmed"不知所措的"，)，表示"资产，财产"的"asset"。当然，每次考试都有3个左右的难词，比如本次考试的"deviate"（脱离常轨），"simultaneously"（同时地），"successively"（接连地），可能对于单词量较贫乏的考生有较大干扰。

15个单词中，考到名词3个，动词5个，形容词4个，副词3个，其中有不少词汇是多词性词义的，提醒今后的考生备考要更加注意对单词词性、搭配的掌握。

考到的常见词性搭配有adj.+ n. , v.+ prep. , adv.+ adj., v.+ adj., art.+ n., 考到的语法现象有被动句，be动词用法等。

选词填空目标分值是4道题过线，6道题优秀，先判断词性再判断词义，结合单词搭配和语法知识的步骤，可以比较轻松完成考试目标分值。

section B：56-60:CACBA 61-65:ABDBD

原文出处：https://www.360docs.net/doc/584362588.html,/content/ideas/ian-leslie/uses-difficulty 信息匹配题。全文共11个段落，段落数中等偏少，但是由于后面的题目同义改写较多，信息量大且复杂，所以增加了题目的难度。这篇文章出自经济学人出版集团旗下的Intelligent Life双月刊杂志。文章来自2012年最后一期杂志，文章观点新颖，讲述困难对于人们在音乐、诗歌等领域取得成功起到的积极作用。参考答案：

56. A（关键定位词：rigorous requirements，writing of poetry，creativity。）

57. C（关键定位词：old-fashioned instruments，spectacular sound effects；位置：第三句。）

58. H（关键定位词：money，happiness；位置：段首第一句。）

59. F（关键定位词：lesson，easier to learn；位置：段首第二句。）

60. A（关键定位词：obstacles, creation of music。）

61. G（关键定位词：freedom，happy；位置：段首第三句。）

62. D（关键定位词：：Ted Hughes，poetry competition，computers；位置：段首第二句。）

63. K（关键定位词：right obstacles，greater achievements；位置：段尾倒数

第二句but后。）

64. I（关键定位词：super-rich, baffled; 位置：段中到段尾。）

65. J（关键定位词：one hundred and forty characters, social networking website；位置：段首第二句。）

参考译文：

困难的使用

大脑喜欢挑战，在其发展的路上的设置一些障碍可提高其创造力。

A)Jack White，白色条纹的前主唱，音乐家中一个有影响力的人物，他就喜欢为难自己。他用不在调上和形状怪异的便宜的吉他演奏。表演时，他把乐器故意放在不方便操作的位置上，这样的话从吉他转到风琴就需要在舞台上疯狂地跑动。为什么呢？因为他的跑动源于他所描述的一种吞噬艺术家的疾病：“易用性”。当做音乐变得太容易时，怀特说，做音乐就使唱歌变得很难了。

B）这是一个古怪的想法。为什么有人会让他们的工作更加困难？然而，我们知道，为难可以产生意外的回报。1966，当甲壳虫乐队完成“橡胶灵魂”工作后不久，保罗麦卡尼调查了去美国录制他们的下一张专辑的可能性。美国的电影工作室的设备比英国的更先进，这使披头士的大对手滚石乐队在洛杉矶完成了他们最新的专辑“Aftermath”。麦卡尼发现，EMI（百代唱片）合同条款也效仿昂贵，甲壳虫不得不设法去应付艾比路的原始技术。

C）我们是幸运的。在接下来的两年中他们做了最具开创性的工作。把录音室里变自己的神奇的工具。确切的说因为他们是用老式机器在工作，乔治马丁和他的工程师团队，被迫每一次将他们的创造力来解决列侬和麦卡尼提出的问题。有革命特色的歌曲如“明天不知道”，“草莓领域永远”，和“生命中的一天”听上去有令人眼花缭乱、迷惑马丁的美国同行的效果。

D）有时只有当难题被解决后，我们认识到这个难题为我们做了什么。二十多年来，从20世纪60年代开始，诗人泰德休斯就坐在英国学童年度诗歌比赛的评委席里。在20世纪80年代，他注意到递交上来的越来越多的长诗，有一些长到70或80页。这些诗歌语言具有创造性且很流畅，但“奇怪的是内容无聊”，经过多方打听和调查休斯发现，他们是由计算机创作的，然后才发现他们进入英语安身的方式。

E）你也许会想任何一种使作家将文字转换在页面上的工具会是优势，但要得到它有可能要付出很大的代价。在和《巴黎评论》休斯的采访中推测，当一个人把笔落在纸上开始创造时，“在你第一年创作时，你会遇上可怕的阻力，那时你根本不能创作”。由于大脑试图迫使发抖的手去写作，两者之间的矛盾导致了更加难以理解的心理上的表达。摔掉阻力，你很可能写出70页的长篇大论。

F）我们的大脑处理困难比我们想象得更好。在学校，老师和学生都认为，如果一个概念学习起来很容易，那么那一课就学得很好。但是，现在许多研究发现当课堂材料做的很难而学生难以吸收时，学生在长长的一学期都没有消化，并要在在更深的层次上去了解它。

G)作为一个诗人，特德休斯对韵律的控制、节奏和激发创造性思维的自我表达方式极为敏感，诗人和音乐家用的方法也可用于我们的日常生活。我们往往将幸福等同于自由，但作为心理治疗师和作家的亚当菲利普斯观察到如果没有障碍就能实现我们的愿望，就很难知道我们想要的，或我们会走向何处。他讲了一个病人的故事，一个第一次做母亲的女士抱怨说，她的小儿子总是缠着她，无论她去哪儿他总抱着她的腿。她说她从来没有一分钟的时间是属于自己的，因为她儿子是“总是那样的”。当菲利普斯问如果他不再那样，她要到哪里去，她欢快地回答，“哦，我不知道我在哪！”

H)看看另一种常见的障碍：缺乏资金。人们通常认为更多的金钱会使他们更快乐。但研究金钱和幸福关系的经济学家不断地发现，超过一定的收入后，这两者有着不可靠的关联关系。尽管有钱人可轻松获得几乎任何他们想要的东西，他们也和许多中产阶级一样不开心。至少在这方面，费兹菲茨杰拉德错了。

I)事实上，轻松得来就是问题。小说家爱德华圣奥宾对富人以叙述者的口吻评论说，“没有考虑经济承受能力，他们的欲望就像不可停下的令人讨厌事物一样，持续不断而同时又反覆无常。在波士顿学院，一所私立研究型大学，想为其潜在的捐助者更好的感觉，它要求心理学家罗伯特肯尼去调查超富人的心态。他调查了165户家庭，其中大部分有超过2500多万美元的净资产。他发现他的很多研究对象对钱呈现在他们面前的好处很困惑。他们发现知道想要什么很难，产生了一种存在主义的困惑。其中一人这样说：“你知道，鲍勃，你可以只买这么多东西，当你明白你可以买的东西太多了，现在你打算做什么？”

J)互联网使我们所有的人成为信息的亿万富翁，而我们的在线体验建筑师已经意识到做创造性事情的困难的需要。Twitter的巨大的成功植根于简单而深刻的洞察力，即为自我表达创造无限的空间的媒介和能做的最有趣的事情是把自己限制在140个字符中。音乐服务This Is My Jam帮助人们现在可以通过Spotify 和iTunes的数以千万计的轨道做引导。用户选择他们最喜欢的本周的歌曲与别人分享。他们只能选择一个。这种服务是今年推出的但到九月末有650000选了演奏，其联合创始人Matt OGLE解释其存在的理由是这样的：“在无休止的选择时代，我们遗失了一种说法：“这。这个你应该听”。

K)今天的世界比以往任何时候都提供了更多的机会来遵循沃克兄弟的建议并使它们在自己身上轻易实现。与一百年前相比，我们的生活和社会规范及物理约束结合的不太紧密。技术已经减少了许多生活中的单调乏味，我们比以往的自由更多。我们可以穿我们喜欢的，我们可以点击鼠标与数以百计的朋友同时聊天。到处的障碍都不见了。我们没人希望时光倒流，但也许我们需要提醒自己恰到好处的障碍是多么的有用。有时，成功的最佳途径是充满更多阻力的道路。

单词：

A)1.boost；vt. 促进，提高；增加；吹捧；向上推起

2.frontman:n. 主唱；

3.the White Stripes即白色条纹乐队。乐队于1997年成立于美国底特律，音乐风格主要是Grunge和Indie Rock，主唱/吉他/钢琴是Jack White，鼓手是Meg White，

（至于他俩的关系，有人说是兄妹，而事实上曾经有过夫妻关系而已经离婚）。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/584362588.html,an：风琴；

B）1.dividends：有回报;产生效益.

2.Rubber Soul：《Rubber Soul》（橡胶灵魂）是英国摇滚乐队The Beatles的第六张录音室专辑，发行于1965年12月3日。专辑由George Martin担任制作人，为了迎接圣诞节市场，专辑仅仅花费了4周时间进行录制。与之前5张专辑不同的是，专辑的录制处在一个特别的时期，专辑制作不是在繁忙的巡演和电影拍摄过程中完成的。从次以后，The Beatles在录制每张专辑时都不再需要顾及其他日程安排，除了《Magical Mystery Tour》。这张专辑被认为取得了很高的艺术成就，在商业和评论界都获得了成功，被认为是The Beatles在音乐艺术上的一次飞跃。

3.prohibitively ：价格高的离谱地；

4.follow suit：跟着做，照着做；如法炮制；

5.《Abbey Road》是英国摇滚乐队The Beatles发行的第11张录音室专辑。这是乐队录制的最后一张专辑，虽然《Let It Be》是在乐队1970年解散前发行的最后一张专辑。专辑于1969年4月开始录制，9月26日在英发行，10月1日在美发行。《Abbey Road》被广泛认为是乐队最精致的专辑之一，虽然乐队当时已名存实亡。虽然乐队内伴随着紧张情绪，但专辑还是受到广泛赞誉，被认为是史上最佳专辑之一。2012年，专辑在滚石杂志评选的“500 Greatest Albums of All Time”中名列14。2009年，滚石杂志读者也将此专辑选为The Beatles最佳专辑。make do with：设法应付

C）1.George Martin（乔治·马丁）:1926年1月3日出生于英国伦敦的海布里，著名的唱片制作人、编曲家、作曲家、音乐家。

2.John Winston Lennon(约翰·温斯顿·列侬):英国著名摇滚乐队“披头士”成员，摇滚史上最伟大的音乐家之一，披头士乐队的灵魂人物，诗人，社会活动家，反战者，以身为披头士乐队创团团员扬名全球，列侬与保罗·麦卡特尼的合作是20世纪最成功也是最具影响力的创作组合之一。

保罗·麦卡特尼

3.詹姆斯·保罗·麦卡特尼爵士，MBE（英语：Sir James Paul McCartney，1942年6月18日－）是一名英国摇滚音乐家、创作歌手以及作曲家，前披头士（1960-70年）及Wings（英语：Wings (band)）（1971-81年）乐队队员。保罗·麦卡特尼的乐队与独唱生涯中一共创作了60张金唱片、50张冠军单曲，唱片销量超过4亿张。

4.featured：adj. 有…的面貌特征的，作为特色的

D）1.panel：（进行公开讨论或作决策的）专门小组A panel is a small group of people who are chosen to do something, for example to discuss something in public or to make a decision.

2.Submission：N-COUNT 可数名词提交的建议(或报告等);呈递的文件 A submission is a proposal, report, or other document that is formally sent or presented to someone, so that they can consider or decide about it.

3.verbally：口头的;非书面的;

https://www.360docs.net/doc/584362588.html,pose：创作（乐曲、诗歌等）；为…谱曲

E）1.tension：矛盾

https://www.360docs.net/doc/584362588.html,press：使简练;缩短

3.Psychological：心理的；精神上的，精神（现象）的；心理学（上

4.denser：adj. 密集的( dense的比较级)；（信息量大得）难理解的

F）retain ：保留；保持；留存；留住

G)1.acute：敏锐的，敏感的；严重的，剧烈的

2.sensitivity ：n. 敏感，感受性；

3.constraint：. 强制；限制；约束

4.metre：[韵]格律，韵律

5.discipline：vt. 训练；使有纪律；处罚；使有条理

n. 训练；纪律；学科；符合行为准则的行为（或举止）

H)1.consistently：始终如一地；一直；不断地；一向

2.correlate：adj. 相关的；相应特点的

I)1.mindset:心态；思维方式；精神状态；思维模式

2.existential：adj. 有关存在的，存在主义的，存在判断的

3.bafflement：阻碍；迷惑；徒作挣扎

J)1.Navigate：导引

2.catch on：明白;认识到

3.Jam：演奏

K)Donkeywork：单调乏味；恼人的苦活

section C：

仔细阅读

第一篇：

56. C. They often have to seek job outside the academic circle.

57. A. It should be improved to better suit the job market.

58. C. An IDP be made in communication with an adviser.

59. B. help employees make the best use of their abilities to achieve their goals.

60. A. It is the effective tool of self-awareness and introspection for better career plans.

文章摘要：

本篇出自美国最负盛名的科学刊物Science Careers的文章Planning Career Paths for Ph.D.s，属于社论。文章主要探讨的是博士的职业道路。文章指出，现如今，博士生毕业后已经不再于学术圈中谋生存，转而发展起其它事业，如通信、知识中介、科学政策等等。究其原因，是博士生的培养跟市场需求脱轨。鉴于这种情形，相关部门推出了个人培养计划，旨在帮助博士后规划出高效的职业发展道路。这种个人培养计划也被诸多企业采用，以帮助其雇员更有效地工作。

文章本身话题和语言难度不高。五道题中，第一、三题事实细节题，第二、四、五题是细节归纳题。题序同文章的顺序是一致的，

因此，建议考生无需通读全文，而是带着问题回到原文，先定位答案点、接着阅读答案点附近的句子、最终快速勾选出答案。

重点词汇：

introspection：内省

panel：进行公开讨论或作决策的专门小组

trajectories：轨迹

参考译文：

不久前的一个时代在美国人们期望新的理科博士在学术界追求职业生涯。但今天，大多数毕业生不在学术界工作，不光在工业方面这样，在职业如科学政策，通信，和专利法也一样。部分的原因是由于学术就业市场多么的暗淡，但也有一个职业选择的上升意识，博士科学家不是直接训练出来而是他们已有了有用的知识，技能和经验。不过，我们目前培养科学家的方法和为他们提供实际的就业机会有巨大的差距，迫切需要帮助缩小差距的培训计划的巨大改进。有助于推动变革的关键的一步是需要博士生和博士后科学家跟踪个人发展计划（IDP）。

2002年，美国实验生物学社会联邦局建议每一个博士后研究员把顾问和咨询个人发展计划结合起来。自那时以来，不少学术机构已开始要求博士后的个人发展计划。在六月，美国国家卫生研究院（NIH）生物医学研究队的工作组建议NIH 要求他们支助的接近32000的博士后研究人员的个人发展计划，其他赞助机构，不管是公立的和私立的，都朝相似的方向发展。

长期以来很多政府机构和私营部门为了员工和组织就一直在使用个人发展计划。他们的目标是确保员工有一种工具能帮助他们了解自己的能力和愿望，确定职业发展的可能性，并设定（通常是短期）的目标。在科学界，研究生和刚获得博士学位的科学家可以使用个人发展计划来判断和指导有效的职业生涯道路。

为了这个目的出现了一个免费的网络应用，叫我的IDP，本周已可用了。这设计是指导早期职业科学家通过严格保密的过程的内省来创建一个定制的职业生涯规划。在重心放在职业咨询的专门小组的专家知识的指导下，每一个学员的自我评估是用来给一套职业轨迹排序的。在用户已经确定了一个长期的职业目标后，我的个人发展计划通过制定短期目标积累了职业选择新的经验和技能走向他或她。

虽然调查显示个人发展计划的过程是有用的。学员报告需要额外的资源来帮助他们确定一个长期的职业生涯路径并实现个人发展计划。因此，当我把我的努力付出在职业发展中我的个人发展计划是最有效的。例如，各个大学可以将个人发展计划融入到研究生课程中帮助学生讨论，计划，准备，并实现自己的长期职业目标。

重点词汇：

第二篇：

61. A) It still leaves much to be desired.

62. B) Where women's rights are protected by law.

63. D) They are underrepresented in politics.

64. B) It does not guarantee a better life for the nation's women.

65. D) Top women's economic potential.

文章摘要：

本文节选自Newsweek的文章Newsweek Tracks Women's Progress Around the World。讲述的话题是女性在社会经济中的地位。

文中一开始从女性开始掌管政权、赢得诺贝尔经济学奖、成为百万富翁等示例为人们揭示了21世纪女性地位的不断提高，但是之后也从沙特的妇女不能驾驶，巴基斯坦每年有上千名女性死于“荣誉谋杀”等事实讲述了不少地方的女性地

位还是令人堪忧。之后文章提到Newsweek从五个方面对165个国家进行了评级。虽说数据并不代表一切，但是至少支撑了希拉里·克林顿的陈述，即解放女性的经济潜力，可以提升整个社区、国家、世界的经济表现。

从考题来看，考点还是以事实细节为主。

重点词汇：

kicks in：开始生效；起作用

have greater access to：接近的机会（或权利）

Boost：促进，提高；增加；

参考译文：

就在进入第二十一世纪的10年后，人们可以在一系列领域庆祝妇女的进步。从泰国到巴西，从哥斯达黎加到澳大利亚他们拥有最高政治机构。一个女人在国际货币基金组织位列榜首；另一个获得诺贝尔经济学奖。北京的本土亿万富翁，硅谷的技术创新者，加纳先驱法官---在这些和其他无数的地区，妇女们留下他们的足迹。

但别鼓掌。在沙特阿拉伯，妇女不允许开车。在巴基斯坦每年有1000名妇女荣誉地死去。在发达国家，妇女在工资和政治权力上拖男人的后退。在美国女性的贫困率上升到去年的14.5%。

为了衡量女性进步的状态，新闻周刊排列了165的国家，调查了影响妇女的生活的五个方面：法律待遇，劳动参与，政治权力，接受教育和得到健康保健。通过分析来自联合国和世界经济论坛的数据，还有其他数据，通过咨询专家和学者，我们衡量了28个因素来进行我们的排名。

得分最高的国家往往集中在西方，那里的性别歧视是违法的，平等的权利是被宪法神圣化了。但也有一些令人惊讶的地方。一些排名较高的国家在政治代表的得分相对较低。加拿大除了权利上排名第二十六，地位排名倒数第三，位于落后的国家如古巴和布隆迪前。这是否意味着，坐在一个国家的顶级办公室里的女人能转化为更好生活的女性？不完全能地。“试图量化或衡量妇女的政治影响是很难的，因为在一些国家很少有足够的妇女在政治上有所作为。”联合国妇女安全顾问安妮玛丽高兹说。

当然，没有指标可以解释一切。宣布一个国家比另外一个国家更好是因为它对待一半以上的居民的方式是依靠泛泛地做和泛泛地说。有些事情是无法衡量的。跨文化的比较不能解释意见的分歧。

某些结论仍然还是很清晰。首先，我们的指标依靠一个简单而深刻的由希拉里克林顿在最近的亚太经济合作首脑峰会的声明。“当我们解放了妇女的经济潜力, 我们提高社区，国家和世界的经济表现。”她说，“当女性有更多的机会获得工作和进入我们国家的经济生活时有一种起促进效果的作用开始产生：政治更加稳定；军事冲突更少；食物更多；孩子更多的教育机会。通过利用所有女性的经济潜力,我们为所有人提高机会。”

Part 4：翻译 1.中国文化中秋节

考试原文：中国人自古以来就在中秋节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的风俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日。月饼

被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼带有“寿（longevity）、“福”或“和”等字样。

译文：Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The Mid-Autumn has become popular all over China in the Early Tang Dynasty. The Mid-Autumn Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar, is a day for worshiping the moon. At that day, family members get together and enjoy the bright moon in the sky at night. In 2006, the Mid-Autumn was listed as a China cultural heritage, and in 2008 designated as a public holiday. The moon cake, an indispensable food of the Festival, is often used as a gift for relatives and friends or enjoyed in the family party. Traditional moon cakes are imprinted with Chinese characters with such meanings as “longevity”, “happiness” or “harmony”.

2.中国历史文化丝绸之路：闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路是古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和发挥这重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术传遍各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地，欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。

The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. It extended more than 6,000 kilometers. The Silk Road was named after ancient China’s silk trade which played an important role in the civilization development of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East. It was through the Silk Road that papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing of the four great inventions of ancient China were introduced around the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain spread all over the world. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market.

【点评】

“丝绸之路”这一话题属于中国历史文化。因此备考汉译英，多关注具有中国特色文化的话题，例如中国传统节日，中国园林园艺，中国戏曲艺术等。词汇方面该篇注意专有名词国家名，四大发明固定表达。句型方面注意强调句”It is(was)… that… “的结构。

3.中国园林是经过三千多年演化而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的调和关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林周围有围墙，园内有池塘、假山、树木、花草一级各种各样由弯曲的小路和走廊衔接的建筑。散步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷一般展示在面前。

Chinese gardens came into being after three thousand years of evolution and feature unique landscape. It contains both large garden intended for the royal family enjoyment and private gardens built for academics, businessmen and former government officials to get rid of the noise of the outside world. These gardens constituted a type of mini-landscape with the intention to express the harmonious relationship between human and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by by

a fence, with ponds, rockeries, trees, flowers and plants, and various buildings connected by winding paths and corridors inside. Strolling in the garden, people can see a series of carefully designed landscape just like landscape picture shown.

【翻译点评】

六级翻译改革后，需要考生增加对中国传统文化这一话题的多多关注，本文选取中国园林为主题，难度有些大，且不少地方如直接采用直译会显得生硬，所以建议考生在理解原文的基础上增加意译的使用。为了备考汉译英，考生可以从平时开始就积累一些词汇和句式结构，只有充分准备后方能在考场上更加发挥自如。

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2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题(第1套)

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. Some performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employees who receive a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their36 and reduce their effort or search for a new job at a firm that will37 them for high performance. Supervisors should acknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future. Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must 38 the reasons for poor performance. Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse 39 on performance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a bad attitude, may not be temporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation, they must decide whether to take any 40 actions. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation can pinpoint(指出) the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simply need to monitor the employees 41 and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected. If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period, however, they may be unable or unwilling to correct them. This situation is more serious, and the supervisor may need to take action. The action should be 42 with the firm?s guidelines and may include reassigning the employees to new jobs, 43 them temporarily, or firing them. A supervisor?s action toward a poorly performing worker can 44 the attitudes of other employees. If no 45 isimposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well. A) additional B) affect C) aptly D) assimilate H) circulation F) closely G) consistent H) enthusiasm I) identify J) impact K) penalty L) reward M) simplifying N) suspending O) vulnerable Sheet 2. The College Essay: Why Those 500 Words Drive Us Crazy A) Meg is a lawyer-mom in suburban Washington, D.C., where lawyer-moms are thick on the ground. Her son Doug is one of several hundred thousand high-school seniors who had a painful fall. The deadline for applying to his favorite college was Nov. 1,and by early October he had yet to fill out the application. More to the point, he had yet to settle on a subject for the personal essay accompanying the application. According to college folklore, a well-turned essay has the power to seduce (诱惑) an admissions co mmittee. “He wanted to do one thing at a time,”Meg says, explaining her son?s delay. “But really, my son is a huge procrastinator (拖延者). The essay is the hardest thing to do, so he?s put it off the longest.” Friends and other veterans of the process have warned Meg that the back and forth between editing parent and writing student can be traumatic (痛苦的). B) Back in the good old days—say, two years ago, when the last of my children suffered the ordeal (折磨)—a high-school student applying to college could procrastinate all the way to

2015年12月英语六级真题及答案解析

P a r tⅢR e a d i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o n Section A As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture that_____(37)to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. It's no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults don't get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as_____(38)by sleep experts. Whether or not we can catch up on sleep-on the weekend, say-is a hotly_____(39)topic among sleep researches. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't_____(40), it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought_____(41)sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed_____(42)in the ability of insulin(胰岛素)to process blood sugar. That suggests that catchup sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep_____(43)causes, which is encouraging given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isn't_____(44)to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later. Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not_____(45)an effective remedy either. “A sleeping pill will_____(46)one area of the brain, but there's never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn't really replicates(复制)the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep," says Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center. 37.【题干】_____ 【选项】

2013年12月全国大学英语六级考试翻译真题(含答案)

试题一：中秋节中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日，月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。 Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty. The lunar August 15 is a day for people worshiping the moon. On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moon’s beauty. In 2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of China's cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was classified as a public holiday. Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family gatherings. There are characters of “longevity”,“good fortune”and “harmony” on the Traditional mo on cakes. 试题二：丝绸之路闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路是古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和发挥这重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术传遍各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地，欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。 The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. The Silk Road represents the ancient Chinese silk trade. The Silk Road trade played an important role in China, South Asia, Europe and Africa. It was through the Silk Road that Chinese papermaking, gunpowder, the compass and the printing press spread all over the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain also spread all