江苏省职称英语试卷三

试卷三

一、词汇与语法选择（20 小题，每小题0.5 分。共10 分

41. Ronald Reagan had served two terms as governor of California before _____ President.

A. he became

B. when becoming

C. became.

D. did he become

42. Nothing further was known about the incident, but the captain _____ the passengers that the crew would be

conducting a thorough investigation.

A. assured

B. insured

C. assumed

D. Ensured

43. The importance of _______design becomes evident when we realize how much time we spend surrounded by four walls.

A. internal

B. external

C. interior

D. exterior

44. Some of the members demanded to know why they had been kept in _____ of the true facts until they reached the

present critical stage.

A. connection

B. opposition

C. preparation

D. ignorance

45. To maintain production levels, we must ______ and develop or acquire new oil and gas reserves to replace those

depleted by production.

A. search

B. examine

C. identify

D. locate

46. Because of ______diversity , seven separate groupings or divisions of algae have been established by botanists.

A. them

B. so that

C. those

D. Their

47. ________ "nova" means new, novas are actually stars that have existed for a long time and suddenly flare into

brilliance.

A. That

B. Why

C. Although

D. It is

48. Because Mars is farther from the Sun than_______, Mars takes longer to complete a revolution.

A. Earth is

B. is from Earth

C. what is Earth

D. is it Earth .

49. The portrayal of everyday life in the objects of folk art makes it _____ valuable source of history.

A. and a

B. so that a

C. a

D. is a

50 ．_______ by the United States government's Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Consumer Price Index compares

current costs of goods and services with past costs.

A. To prepare

B. As it prepared

C. When preparation

D. Prepared

51. As we need plain, ______ food for the body, we must have serious reading for the mind.

A. wholesome

B. diet

C. tasteful

D. edible

52. This software can be ______ to the needs of each Customer.

A. accustomed.

B. entitled

C. administered

D. tailored

53. Sometimes we may get quite _______when we are trying to communicate with someone in English.

A. depressed

B. frustrated

C. distracted

D. approved

54. Drinking water in many areas of bacteria the developing countries is______with.

A. purified

B. contaminated

C. blended

D. mixed

55. Both a person's heredity and his surroundings help to_____his character

A. correct

B. improve

C. shape

D. modify

56. Corn originated in the New World and this was not known in Europe until Columbus found it _______in Cuba.

A. being cultivated

B. been cultivated .

C. having cultivated

D. cultivating

57.__________, domesticated grapes grow in clusters, range in color from pale green to black, and contain sugar in

varying quantities.

A. Their botanical classification as berries

B. Although their botanical classification as berries

C. Because berries being their botanical classification

D. Classified botanically as berries

58. Later another wrong idea about tomatoes grew up-the idea _____ they were poisonous.

A. that

B. which

C. in which

D. When

59. _______ directly with most metals to form compounds called carbides

A. Carbon reacting

B. Carbon reacts

C. The reaction of carbon

D. When carbon reacts

60. All the major cities of the United States, ______ the cities of the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico, began as

centers of trade.

A. and to include

B. which including

C. included.

D. including

二、改错【在A/B/C/D 四个选项中，选出一个含有语言错误的选项10 小题，10每小题1 分，共10 分，】

21. (He is remembered) mainly (for the invention) of the telephone,Bell (devoted) his life to (helping) in the deaf

A B C D

22. The rapid development of (communication technology) is(transmitting )The manner (in which) people

A B C

communicate (across) time and space.

D

23.A professor (at) the University of Hawaii has (carried) a (series) of new experiments in which some animals

A B C

(have learned) to understand sentences

D

24The research has (attracted) wide (coverage) in the media and(featured) (to) BBC television program.

A B C D

25. They finally (came to) the conclusion that the (foundations) were not (enough strong) to (sustain) the weight of the

A B C D

bridge.

26. Science is the production of new knowledge that (can be applied)or not,(since) technology is (the application of)

A B C

knowledge to the production of some products, machinery or (the like).

D

27. In the United States (among) 60 percent of (the space) on the pages of newspapers (is reserved) for (advertising).

A B C D

28. Scientists believe that (altering) the genetic composition of plants it is possible to develop specimens that are

A

(resisting) to (disease)and have (increased) food value.

B C D

29. The American anarchist Emma Goldman infused her spirited lectures,publishes and demonstration with a passionate

A B

belief in the freedom of individual.

C D

30. Being the biggest expanse of brackish water in the world, the Baltic Sea is of special interesting to scientists.

A B C D

三、回答问题（10 小题，每小题2 分，共20 分）在A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出能够回

答所提问题的最佳答案。

Imagine eating everything delicious you want with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn't it? New "fake fat" products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently,but not everyone is happy about it.。Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics,however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it's up to consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating. Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can't be digested at all.

Normally, special chemicals in the intestines(肠) "grab" molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body.。molecule of A regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty acids. The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E and K When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.

Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down.Manufacturers say it's that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption D、of carotenoids ( 类胡萝卜素); compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.

Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.。

1. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that______

A. contains plenty of nutrients

B. renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitamins

C. makes foods easily digestible

. D. makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious

2. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be____

. A. commercially useless B. just as anticipated.

C. somewhat controversial

D. quite unexpected

3. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that _

A, it passes through the intestines without being absorbed

B. it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the body

C, it helps reduce the incidence of heart disease

D. it prevents excessive intake of vitamins

4. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?

A. It may impair the digestive system.

B. It may affect the overall fat intake.

C. It may increase the risk of cancer.

D. It may spoil the consumers' appetite.

5. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra?

A. Because it may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.

B. Because people may be induced to eat more than what is necessary

C. Because the function of the intestines may be weakened.

D. Because it may trigger a new wave of fake food production.

"Clean your plate！and Be a member of the clean plate club！”Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often it's accompanied by an appeal, "Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate," perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.

According to news reports,, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little. Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand."

Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now,apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57% of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 230 had no opinion, 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions.70 percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45% of those earning less than

$25,000 want smaller.

It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthily. It's just that,after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live; from paycheck to paycheck, happy to salve a little money for next year's Christmas presents.

1. Parents in the United States tend to ask their children

A to save food B, to wash the dishes C. not to waste food D. not to eat too much

2. Why do American restaurants serve large portions?

A. Because Americans associate quantity with value.

B. Because Americans have big bellies.

C. Because Americans are good eaters,

D. Because Americans are greedy

3. What happened in the 1970s?

A. The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer.

B. Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.

C. The United States produced more grain than needed.

D. The American waistline started to expand.

4: What does the survey indicate?

A. Many poor Americans want large portions.

B. 20% percent Americans want smaller portions.

C. 57% percent Americans earn $150,000 per year.

D:23% percent Americans earn less than$25,000 per year.

5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of working class Americans?

A: They work long hours.

B. They live from paycheck to paycheck.

C. They don't want to be healthy eaters.

D. They want to save money for their children.

四、短文填补（4 小题，每题 5 分，共20 分）阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,所给句子最适合补入ABCD中的的哪一处.

9. The scientists measure the total utterances of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other aspects of their speech.

In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child's language development than mothers, a new study suggests. (A) Researchers recruited92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were l year old interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements.(B) When the children were 2 years old, researcher videotaped them at home in free-play session with both parents, recording all of their speech.(C)On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of question asked.(D) Finally, the researchers analysed the children's speech at the age of 3, using a standardized language test.

10. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need.

A bookless life is an incomplete life. (A) Books influence the depth and breadth of life. (B) They meet the natural desire for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. They are presented with a diversity of human experiences and come to respect other ways of thought and living, (C) Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. (D) Readers turn naturally to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to escape from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for their mind and spirit.

11. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and terrible emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares.

Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forgetbad experiences. (A) Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget these bad memories.(B) The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. (C) They hope it might reduce ,or possibly erase, the effect of painful memories. (D) The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.

12. Scientists have now conducted a number of laboratory experiments in which conducted volunteers are exposed to ozone inside a steel chamber for a few hours.

There is no question that the old style of air pollution could kill people: (A) A series of these killer fogs eventually led to the British Parliament passing the Clean Air Act which restricted the burning of coal. (B) Fortunately, the effect of smog on the Clungs is not so dramatic. (C) Even at quite low concentrations there is a reversible fall in lung function, an increase in the irritability of the lungs and evidence of airway inflammation. (D) Although irritable and inflamed lungs are particularly seen in people with asthma and other lung diseases, these Meffects of ozone also occur in healthy subjects. Similar changes are also seen after exposure to nitrogen dioxide.

五、语句排列（4 小题每题 5 分共20 分）BCD阅读下面被打乱排列顺序的短文，重新排列语句顺序。从A、B、

C、D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案使之语句通顺。

9

①Food poisoning is often caused by salmonella bacteria c 沙门氏菌) in food,especially raw meats and dairy

products.

②Also, be sure to keep your hands and cooking utensils clean so you do not transfer germs to the food while you are

preparing it.

③So, remember to keep hot food hot and cold food cold'

④To stay healthy, you must also be careful to avoid food poisoning-a common,unpleasant, and often dangerous

illness that affects one out of every six Americans each year

⑤Heat usually kills the bacteria and refrigeration keeps them from growing

A15432 B41532 C15234 D41235

10

①But identical twins have identical genes, so genes cannot be the whole story.

②In the past, left-handed have suffered anything from teasing to flogging.

③Most people are right-handed and children usually have the same handedness as their parents.

④Cultural attitudes seem to have played an important part in the development of hand preferences.

⑤This suggests that genes are at work

11 ①Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.

②With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have websites on the Internet, and

some journals publish only online.

③Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.

④In the past, these journals were available only in print;

⑤A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association are considered general medical

journals because they -diver many fields of medicine

A43215 B14253 C13542 D43512

12

①. Generally, courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test results into evidence.

②. DNA fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985.

③In criminal investigations, DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared

to the DNA fingerprints of suspects. .

④Originally used to detect the presence of genetic diseases, it soon came to be used in criminal investigations

and legal affairs...

⑤The first criminal conviction, based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988.

A24531 B13453 C45312 D24351

七、翻译（10 小题，每小题 2 分，共20 分）

（一）英译中下面五题中文句子，每题均有A.B.C.D 四个英文翻译选项，从中选出一个最佳答案。

(11) It is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercises improves the health and contributes to a feeling

of well being whether or not exercise adds to the length of life.

A．人们共有的体验是一定量的运动可以增进健康并使人精神愉快，不管运动是否能延年益寿。

B．不管运动是否能延年益寿，但一定量的运动可以增进健康并使人精神愉快，这一点是人们共有的体验。

C．一定量的运动可以增进健康并使人精神愉快，这是人们共有的体验：不管运动是否能延年益。

D．这是人们共有的体验，不管运动是否能延年益。一定量的运动可以增进健康并使人精神愉快。

(12) In reality, the lines-of division between science are becoming blurred, and science again approaching the “ unity”

that it had two centuries ago-although the accumulated knowledge is enormously greater now, and no one person can hope to comprehend more than a fraction of“．

A．在现实生活中，科学之间的界限正变得模糊不清，科学又一次接近于两百年前那样的“单一整体”——尽管现在积累起来的知识要多得多，而且没人可以理解所有的内容。

B．实际上，科学之间的界限正变得模糊不清，科学又一次像两百年前那样接近于“单一整体”——尽管现在积累起来的知识要多得多，而且没人可以理解所有的内容。

C．虽然现在积累起来的知识要多得多，而一个人也只可能了解其中的一个部分，但事实上，科学之间界限却变得模糊不清，科学再次近似于两百年前那样的“单一整体”。

D．虽然现在积累起来的知识比以往要大得多，但一个人也只可能了解其中的一个部分，事实上，科学之间界限却变得不清楚，科学再次近似于两百年前那样的“单一整体”。

(13) The history of a tree from the time it starts in the forest; until the boards which it yields are used, would form an interesting and, in many instances, an exciting story。

A．一棵树从它在森林里生长肘起直到被制成供使用的木板为止，这段历史会组成一个有趣的，在很多情况下是激动人心的故事。

B．一棵树的历史是从它在森林开始一直到被制成供使用的木板为止，在很多情况下，可以形成一个有趣的并且是激动人心的故事。

C. 一棵树的历史是从它在森林开始一直到被制成供使用的木板为止，在许多例能子中，可以形成一个有趣

的并且是激动人心的故事。

D．一颗树从它在森林里生长时起直到被制成供使用的木板为止是一段历史，它会形成一个有趣的，在很多情况下是激动人心的故事。

(14) Even as the technological progress lightens some of the librarians load, recent convention of the American Library Association showed that it brings complications too。

A．技术的进步减轻了图书管理人员的负担，但美国图书馆协会最近的会议表明技术的进步也带来了复杂的东西。

B．即使随着技术的进步，图书管理人员的负担在一定程度上减轻了，美国图书馆协会最近的会议表明，技术的进步也带来了某些麻烦。

C．虽然随着技术的进步，图书管理人员的负担在一定程度上减轻了，美国图书馆协会最近的访谈表明，技术的进步也带来了某些麻烦。

(15) Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, such as a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction。

A．研究显示，能给人带来幸福的东西是无法用金钱买到的，诸如良好的家庭生活、友谊和工作的满足感

B．研究表明，能给人带来幸福东西是无法用金钱买到的，诸如良好的家庭生活、友谊和工作中的满足感。C．研究表明，那些对幸福感贡献最多的东西是无法用金钱买到的，如良好的家庭生活、友谊和工作中的满足感。D．研究表明，那些最能给人带来幸福感的东西是无法用金钱买到的，诸如良好的家庭生活、友谊和工作中的满足感。