最新新概念英语第一册语法总结40711
新概念英语第一册语法总结（上）[八种时态]
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一．时态：
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一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，现在完成时，
一般将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时4
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1.一般现在时
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表示一般性，经常性的动作或一般性事实。
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含有be动词的句子
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He is a teacher.
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The girl is very beautiful.
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Tim and Jack are students.
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★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
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Is he a teacher?
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Is the girl very beautiful?
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Are Tim and Jack students?
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★变否定句在be动词后面加not
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He is not a teacher.
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The girl is not very beautiful.
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Tim and Jack are not students.
★肯定回答及否定回答
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Yes, he is. No, he is not.
Yes, she is. No, she is not.
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Yes, they are. No, they are not.
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不含有动词的句子，即含有一般动词的句子
第三人称单数及单数名词
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He likes books.
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She likes him.
The dog likes bones.
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★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型
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Does he like books?
Does she like him?
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Does the dog like bones?
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★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t, 动词变为原型
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He doesn’t like books.
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She doesn’t like him.
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The dog doesn’t like bones.
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★肯定回答及否定回答：
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Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
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Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t
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Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.
注意：第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S，不要和名词复数混淆，变否定
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句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。
其他人称及复数名词
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I want to have a bath.
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We have some meat.
The students like smart teachers.
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★变疑问句在句首加do
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Do you want to have a bath?
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Do we have any meat?
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Do the students like smart teachers?
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★变否定句在主语和动词之间加don’t.
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You don’t want to have a bath.
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We don’t have any meat.
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The students don’t like smart teachers.
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★肯定回答及否定回答
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Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
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Yes, we do. No, we don’t
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Yes, they do. No, they don’t.
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2.现在进行时
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表示现在正在进行的动作。
构成：主语＋be动词＋动词的现在分词＋其它成分（现在分词的构成见附录）
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We are having lunch.
He is reading a book.
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The dog is running after a cat.
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The boys are swimming across the river.
★变疑问句将be动词移到句首
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Are we having lunch?
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Is he reading a book?
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Is the dog running after a cat?
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Are the boys swimming across the river?
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★变否定句在be动词后面加 not
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We are not having lunch.
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He is not reading a book.
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The dog is not running after a cat.
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The boys are swimming across the river.
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★特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc.
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疑问词＋动词＋主语＋现在分词
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What are you doing?
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What is she doing?
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What is the dog doing?
(必背)
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没有进行时的动词
表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作
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1. 表示感觉，感官的词
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see, hear, like, love, want,
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2. have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时
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3.一般过去时
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表示过去发生的动作或事件，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,
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含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，am, is的过去式为was，are的过90
去式为were
I was at the butcher’s.
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You were a student a year ago.
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The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.
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★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首
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Were you at the butcher’s?
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Were you a student a year ago?
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Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?
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★变否定句在be动词后面加not
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I was not at the butcher’s.
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You were not a student a year ago.
The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.
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★肯定回答否定回答
Yes, I was. No, I was not.
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Yes, you were. No, you were not.
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Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.
★特殊疑问句：
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What did you do?
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(必背)
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不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，动词过去式构成见附录110
I finished my homework yesterday.
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The boy went to a restaurant.
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The Sawyers lived at King Streeta year ago.
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King Streeta year ago.
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★变疑问句在句首加did，动词变为原型
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Did you finish your homework yesterday?
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Did the boy go to a restaurant?
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Did the Sawyers live at King Streeta year ago?
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King Streeta year ago?
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★变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not
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I did not finish my homework yesterday.
The boy did not go to a restaurant.
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The Sawyers did not live at King Streeta year ago.
King Streeta year ago.
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★肯定回答及否定回答
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Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
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Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
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Yes, they did. No, they did not.
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4.现在完成时
构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词
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用法：
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1) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just, usually, already,
since等时间副词连用
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I have just had lunch. (饱了，不用再吃了)
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He has had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）
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They have already had their holiday. （不能再度假了）
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The boy has already read the book. （已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了）137
2)询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：
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Have you finished your homework?
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Have you been to Beijing?
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Have he seen the film?
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3) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作
I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.
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I have worked for this school for 1 year.