宾语从句知识总结
精心整理
知识总结：
宾语从句的重难点主要有三点：引导词、语序和时态。
连词的选择
that 和what
【高考示例】
1.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon ’
thave___________wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.（2010福建卷）
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.whether
2.Asanewgraduate,hedoesn ’tknow_____ittakestostartabusinesshere.（2010天津卷)
引导。 例what whether … whether ①引导介词宾语从句时，只能用whether ，不用if 。如：
Iaminterestedinwhetherhe'llgoabroad ．
②当提出两种选择时，要用whether 。如：
Wedon'tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot ．
③discuss ，decide 等动词后，通常只跟whether 引导的宾语从句，而不用if 。如：
Theydiscussedwhethertheyshouldputoffthemeeting ．
Hedecidedwhetherhewouldgowithher ．
④如果宾语从句是否定结构，则只用if 引导。如：
Idon'tcareifhedoesn'tjoininthegame ．
连接副词when ，where ，how ，why
【高考示例】
1.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew________she
wassoangry.（2010湖南卷）
A.where
B.whether
C.that
D.why
2.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet____wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.（2010全国卷Ⅰ）
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.where
考点解析：
以上两题都是考查连接副词引导的宾语从句。连接副词when，where，how，why既有疑问意义，又起连接作用，而且在宾语从句中充当各种状语，分别表时间、地点、方式、原因。例1的宾语从句中缺表原因的状语，故用why；例2根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语，因此选择D。再如：
Wedon'tknowwhyhedidn'tcome．
语序：
1．
2．
A．
C．
3．
A．
C．
再如：it
1．it作
2．like，enjoy，love，hate等表“喜怒哀乐”的动词，后若要跟宾语从句时，需跟形式宾语it。如：
Ilikeitthateveryonepassedtheexam．
Theyhateditwhenstudentswearstrangeclothes．
3．由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接that宾语从句时，要用形式宾语。如：
Wearethinkingofitthatwe'lllendyousomemoney．我们正在考虑借给你一些钱。
时态的呼应：
【高考示例】
1．You’vefailedtodowhatyou___________toandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblame
you．（2010四川卷）
A．willexpect B．willbeexpected
C．expected D．wereexpected
2．Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou______safely.（2010全国卷Ⅰ）
A.arearriving
B.havearrived
C.hadarrived
D.willarrive
3.ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune______.
（2010全国Ⅰ）
A.ismade
B.wouldmake
C.wastobemade
D.hadmade
考点解析：
以上三题都是考查主从句中时态的呼应。含有宾语从句的主从复合句在时态呼应上遵循以下三条原则：
1.如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语可根据意思需要使用任何一种时态。如：
Doyouknowwhohewastalkingwithateightlastnight？
2.
3.
如：
1.
—
—
2.
—
—
1.要求
构成,should可以省略.
2.wish接宾语从句有三种情况:：
若表示现在:动词用过去式；
若表示过去:动词用过去完成式(haddone)；
若表示将来:用情态动词(would/could)+do
Iwishshewouldbeonmyside.
IwishIwere30yearsyounger.
Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.
Hewishedhehadn’tdoneit.
3.在wouldrather(宁愿)引导的的宾语从句中，当从句表示现在或将来的时间时，谓语动词要用一般过去时；表示过去时间时，要用过去完成时。
Iwouldrathertheyleftonanearlytrain.(表现在)
Iwouldratherhehadn'ttoldmeaboutit.(表过去)
易错点点拨：
1.以连接代词(如What,Which)和连接副词(如When,Where等)引导的宾语从句中。同学们常常把从句
中的语序用疑问句的语序来代替。
2．同学们在判断宾语从句是否缺主语、宾语、表语等成分时不能正确判断，尤其在判断是否缺宾语
时。有些动词在表达不同含义时有时做及物动词，有时做不及物动词；有些短语如talkabout, thinkabout等做宾语从句的谓语时常常需要填入宾语。
3.记住:insist/suggest各有两种意思,要用不同的语气：insist表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形
式，而表示“坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式；而表
宾语从句总结归纳精华
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宾语从句总结（精华）一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。 eg.Weknow MrGreenteachesEnglish. Sheasked iftheseanswerswereright. 二、宾语从句三要素 引导词（连接词） 语序 时态 *引导词:1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 2.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句 3.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句 (1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句: 注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略 e.g. Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour. Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch. Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun. (2)由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句 if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在 ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。
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