现在分词作状语-过去分词作状语-表语-宾补-定语
V-ing （现在分词）作状语
v-ed/done(过去分词)作状语，表语，定语，宾补
一．现在分词的形式形式
主动形式被动形式否定形式一般式doing being
done not doing/
being
done
完成式having
done having been done not having
(been)
done
二．现在分词作状语
辨析：动词的-ing 形式和动词不定式作结果状语的区别。
辨析：（1）动词的-ing 形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的结果。
（2）动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only 连用，构成“only to do sth.”
三．连词+动词的-ing 形式作状语，省略状语从句的主语和系动词be ，表示主动或者正在句子功能
例句1.作时间状语，相当于
when,while,as,after 等引导的时间状语从句
Crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by a car.=When he was crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by a car.2.作原因状语，相当于as,because,since 等引导的原因状语从句
Having eaten too much ,he couldn 't go to sleep.=Because he had eaten too much,he couldn't go to sleep.
3.作条件状语，相当于
if,once,unless 等引导的条件
状语从句
Using your head,you 'll find a good way.=If you use your head,you'll find a good way.4.作方式或伴随状语，相当于
and 连接的并列谓语动词。。
Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.=Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.5.作结果状语，可扩展为有并
列谓语的句子。
It rained heavily,causing flooding in that city.=It rained heavily so it caused flooding in that city.6.作让步状语，相当于
although,though,even
if,even though 引导的让步状
语从句
Living miles away,he attended the course.=Although he lived miles away,he attended the course.
进行。
省略条件1：状语从句的主语必须和主句的主语一致
省略条件2：状语从句有be 动词
Eg. While (I Was) waiting, I was reading magazines.
温馨提示
①现在分词表示主动或正在进行；过去分词表示被动或已经完成。
②注意非谓语动词的逻辑主语是否与主句的主语一致。
③注意确定是否该用非谓语动词；注意标点符号，如果句中有连词（and,/but/or--）,要用谓语动词。
④注意非谓语动词与主句谓语动词的时间顺序。
⑤注意与句式“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的区别。
V-ed(过去分词)作状语
一、过去分词（短语）作状语时，表示被动和完成，在句中一般可以做时间，条件，原因，伴随或方式，让步状语等。
Eg. Asked about his family, he made no answer.
Given more time, we will do it well.
注意：(1)分词状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。否则，需加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格。
Eg. Weather/Time permitting, we will go shopping together tomorrow.
二．过去分词（短语）与现在分词（短语）作状语的区别
过去分词（短语）与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词（短语）与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。
三．过去分词作定语
单个过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前，分词短语作定语一般放在被修饰词之后，往往可被定语从句代替。
四．过去分词作宾补
典例 1. （2014.四川高考）The manager was satisfied to see many new products after great effort.
A.having developed
B. to develop
C. developed
D.develop Practice:
五．过去分词（v-ed/done）作表语
.过去分词（短语）放在系动词be, get, become,feel,remain, seem等后面作表语，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。
Please remain seated when the professor comes in .
He seemed quite delighted at the news.
1.Practice:
1. <江西> nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
A.Having spent
B. To spent
C. Spent
D. To have spent
2.<四川> which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A.Not knowing
B. Knowing not
C. Not known
D. Known not
3.<北京> the course very difficult , she decided to move to a lower level.
A.Find
B. Finding
C. To find
D. Found
4.<重庆> When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I fell asleep.
A.having told
B. telling
C. told
D. to tell
5.<全国重点领航冲刺七> The pretty girl was dressed in bright red, Her more beautiful.
A.making;look
B. to make;looked
C.making;looked
D.and making ;looked
6. The stranger said something in a voice and the little girl was very much
____.
A. frightening, frightened
B. frightened, frightening
C. frightening, frightening
D. frightened, frightened
7. ________the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door.
A. Playing
B. When I was playing
C. Repairing
D. Examining
8. ______in the seat for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his
wallet(钱包) at home.
A. To wait
B. Have waited
C. Having waited
D. To have waited
9. the work , they have to stay there for another two weeks.
A.Not completing
B.Not completed
C.Not having completed
D.Have not completed
用所给词语的适当形式填空
1.All night long he lay awake, (think) of the problem.
2.Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus (cause)the delay.
3. (live) with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.
4.Though (work) so hard, he failed again.
5. (not receive) his reply, she wrote another letter.
6. (notice) by so many people, she felt nervous , (not know ) what to say.
After (tell) many times , he understood what was happening. 1.into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
A.Translating
B. Translated
C. To translate
D. Having translated
2.an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.
A.Offer
B. Offering
C. Offered
D. To offer
3.his scientific work, he has no time to care for his family affairs , which his wife always complains about.
A.Devoting into
B. Devoted to
C. Being devoted with
D. Devoted with
4.Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A.struggling
B. struggled
C. having struggled
D. to struggle
5.the right kind of training, these teenager soccer players may one day grow into international stars.
A.. Giving
B. Having given
C.To give
D. Given
6.In order not to be found , I spent the whole night in my room.
A.locking
B. locked
C. to lock
D. Lock
7.twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A.Being bitten
B. Bitten
C. Having bitten
D. To be bitten
8.Michael's new house is like a huge palace, with his old one.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5b644314.html,paring
B. compares
C. to compare
D. compared
9.but excited , the runner raced to the finishing line.
A.Exhausting
B. Exhausted
C. Being exhausted
D. To be exhausted
二．用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.The news reporter hurried to the airport, only (tell) the film star had left.
2.After her journey from abroad , Mary returned home,( ) (exhaust ).
3.(see) from the top of the building, our school looks beautiful.
4.False friends are just like leaves, (find) everywhere, but true friends are like diamonds , precious and rare.
1.She felt rather that she shouldn't have driven the car at such
a speed.
A.frightening;frightening
B. frightened;frightened
C. Frightening;frightened
D. frightened ;frightening
2.There is a big dog to a fence outside the house.
A.tying
B. tied
C. to tie
D. ties
3.In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
A.sticking
B. stuck
C.to be stuck
D.to have stuck
4.As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers by her mother.
A.buying
B. being bought
C. were bought
D.bought
5.The student, at the way the question was put, didn't know how to answer it.
A.Being surprised
B. Surprising
C. Surprised
D. Having surprised
6.Look at the note to the door; you will see that someone paid a visit when we were away.
A.pinning
B. pinned
C. being pinned
D. is pinned
7.It is one of the funniest things on the Internet so far this year.
A finding B. being found C. to find D. found
8.We finished the run in less than half the time .
A.allowing
B. to allow
C. allowed
D. allows
9.When I came in, they were in a heated discussion.
A.absorb
B. absorbed
C. absorbing
D. being absorbed
10.The woman sitting there under the tree, in a blue skirt, is our head master.
A.wearing
B.dressed
C. worn
D. dressing
Ⅱ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.In our daily life, there are a lot of health problems that, when not
(treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on .
2.The thief (question) by the police a moment ago still couldn't tell the truth.
3.I couldn't accept the view (offer) to me unless it is based on facts.
4.Cleaning workers in big cities usually get (pay) by the month.
5.The (surprise) look on his face suggested that he must have heard some surprising news.
（2014.临沂高二检测）While you were out, you should keep your doors and windows .
A. close
B. closing
C. closed
D.be closed
2. I'll have all of the reading by the end of this term if my plan goes well.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5b644314.html,pleting
B.to complete
C. completed
D. being completed
3. To learn English well , we should find opportunities to hear English
as much as we can .
A.speak
B. speaking
C.spoken
D. to speak
4.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work , he gladly accepted it.
A.finished
B. finishing
C. having finished
D. was finished
5.He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them
in his lectures.
A.interested
B. interesting
C. interest
D. to interest
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5b644314.html,ws that punish parents for their little children's actions against the laws get parents .
A.worried
B. to worry
C. worrying
D. worry
7.I don't want the children out in such weather.
A.take
B. to take
C. taken
D. taking
Ⅱ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.With all the work (do), I feel very relaxed now.
2.He didn't notice his wallet ( steal)
3.The students wouldn't like the problem (discuss) at the moment.
4.I am very busy now. I'd like to have my little child (take ) to school.
5.When we got to school, we saw the door (lock)
6.Be careful, or you'll have your hands (hurt).
7.He spoke slowly to make himself (understand)
8.Helen had to shout above the sound of the music to make herself (hear )
过去分词作定语和状语
概念引入 在前两个单元我们已经学过过去分词作定语和表语，及过去分词作宾语补足语，在本单元中我们先复习一下过去分词作定语，然后学习过去分词作状语。 看下面句子： 1. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. 2. Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company, called “Future Tours”, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. 3. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 4. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 5. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity. 这些句子中斜体词部分都是过去分词，在句中作状语。那么过去分词作状语，有什么需要注意呢？ ?过去分词作定语 ?过去分词作状语----入门篇 ?过去分词作状语----用法小结篇 ?分词作状语的区别 ?作插入语的分词 用法讲解 过去分词作定语 在第一单元，我们已经学过了过去分词作定语的用法，这里做一简单复习。 1. 过去分词作定语与定语从句： 过去分词作定语，具有形容词或副词的作用，该分词及其修饰成分相当于定语从句。如果把分词短语转变成定语从句时，这个定语从句应具备两个特征： 1）从句的主语和所修饰的先行词一致；如2）的例句1中定语从句的主语就是所修饰词a teacher。 2）从句的谓语动词为被动语态形式。
过去分词作宾语补足语 学案
过去分词作宾语补足语 概念引入 上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。看这些句子： 1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government. 3. You find most of the population settled in the south. 4. They found the window broken. 5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line. 这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。 用法讲解 宾语补足语是同学们学习英语的一个小难点，许多同学都弄不清到底什么是宾语补足语，它的作用是什么，所以我们今天就从宾语补足语讲起，重点讲解过去分词作宾语补足语的内容。 什么是宾语补足语 英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外，还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整，这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型（见【补充】）中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。 1. 作补足语的词语： 1）We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。 （名词短语作宾语补足语，相当于省略了to be） 2）I find learning English difficult. 我发现学英语很难。 （形容词作宾语补足语） 3）I saw the kite up and down. 我看见风筝飞上飞下。 （副词作宾语补足语） 4）When he woke up, he found himself in a strange place. 他醒来时发现自己在一个陌生的地方。 （介词短语作宾语补足语） 5）Tom made the girl cry. 汤姆把女孩弄哭了。 (省略不定式符号to的动词不定式） 6）The father found his son playing in his room. 父亲发现儿子在房间里玩。 （动词-ing形式做宾语补足语） 7）The soft music makes us relaxed. 这首柔美的音乐使我们放松了。 （过去分词作宾语补足语） 【补充】英语的六种基本句型： 英语的最基本的句型有6种，其他的句子都是由这6种句型转换来的。
过去分词作定语和状语语法教案
teaching design （课堂设计） 陈建军 教材分析( the analysis of teaching materia)l This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: The Past Participle as the Adverbial and Attribute. And let students to do some exercises to consolidate it. 2. 学情分析( the analysis of the studen)ts Students often feel this item abstract and difficult, so it is necessaryto make the lesson interesting and connect with it with their daily life in order to let it easy to accept and understand. 3. 教学目标(Teaching aims) 知识目标(Knowledge aims) Enable students to learn how to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly. 能力目标(Ability aims) Enable students to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly and properly according to the context. 情感目标( Emotional aims) a. Get students to become interested in the grammar learning. b. Develop students'sense of group cooperation. 4. 教学重点和难点( teaching important points and difficult point)s a. Get students to learn and consolidate how to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly. 5. 教学过程(Teaching procedures) Step1.Greetings Step2 .Check&Revision Step3.Presentation 1. 过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, if 等， 表时间，让步，条件等。 If invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend. 2. 过去分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。 If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. 3. 过去分词短语与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系。 Asked why he was late, he cried. 4. 有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人得状态。常见的有satisfied, interested, moved 等。 Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word. Step 4 summing 巧学助记：分词作状语，主语是问题 逗号前后两动作，共用一主语主语找出后，再来判关系主动用ing, 被动用ed Having done 表先后，千万要牢记
过去分词作定语和状语 语法 教案
teaching design（课堂设计） ----------陈建军 教材分析（the analysis of teaching material） This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: The Past Participle as the Adverbial and Attribute. And let students to do some exercises to consolidate it. 2.学情分析（the analysis of the students） Students often feel this item abstract and difficult, so it is necessary to make the lesson interesting and connect with it with their daily life in order to let it easy to accept and understand. 3.教学目标(Teaching aims) 知识目标(Knowledge aims) Enable students to learn how to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly. 能力目标(Ability aims) Enable students to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly and properly according to the context. 情感目标( Emotional aims) a. Get students to become interested in the grammar learning. b. Develop students’ sense of group cooperation. 4.教学重点和难点（teaching important points and difficult points） a. Get students to learn and consolidate how to use the past participle as the adverbial and attribute correctly. 5.教学过程(Teaching procedures) Step1.Greetings Step2 .Check&Revision Step3.Presentation 1.过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, if 等， 表时间，让步，条件等。 If invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend. 2.过去分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。 If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. 3.过去分词短语与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系。 Asked why he was late, he cried. 4.有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人得状态。常见的有satisfied, interested, moved 等。 Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word. Step 4 summing 巧学助记：分词作状语，主语是问题 逗号前后两动作，共用一主语 主语找出后，再来判关系 主动用ing,被动用ed Having done 表先后，千万要牢记
高中英语巩固练习 过去分词作定语与状语
巩固练习 Ⅰ. 用分词的正确形式填空： 1. He saw his friend ______ (go) out with Sue. 2. The bus crashed into the blue car ______ (drive) down the hill. 3. Peter hurt his leg ______ (do) karate. 4. The umbrella ______ (find) at the bus stop belongs to John Smith. 5. The people ______ (dance) in the street are all very friendly. 6. I heard my mother _____ (talk) on the phone. 7. My uncle always has his car ____ (wash). 8. We stood _____ (wait) for the taxi. 9. _____ (look) down from the tower, we saw many people walking in the streets. 10. The people drove off in a _____ (steal) car. Ⅱ. 用非谓语动词把下面复合句改成简单句。 1. I was glad when I heard the news. ____________________________________________________ 2. My idea is that we should go there on our bikes. ____________________________________________________ 3. I saw a child who was wearing very thick glasses. ____________________________________________________ 4. As I hadn't received an answer from him, I wrote again. ____________________________________________________ 5. Since this book is written in easy English, it will be useful to beginners. ____________________________________________________ 6. If weather permits, we are going to work outside. ____________________________________________________ 7. He rushed into the room and his face was covered with sweat. ____________________________________________________ 8. Because he was caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet. ____________________________________________________ 9.If these seeds are grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast. ____________________________________________________ 10. The concert which was given by their friends was a success. ____________________________________________________ Ⅲ. 单项选择。 1. ____ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to bee famous. A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer 2. Tsinghua University, _______ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded 3. Ideally _____ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests.
过去分词作宾补
Grammar Unit2 过去分词作宾补 过去分词作宾补用法归纳 英语中过去分词可作宾补，即：过去分词放在宾语（名词或代词）后面作补语，构成复合宾语，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。 1）表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, find, hear, feel, notice, 等。 ①We saw the thief caught by the police. ②People found the water polluted. ③Have you heard a pop song sung in English? ④I heard my name called. ⑤The rich man felt himself cheated. ⑥We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops. 我们可以听到大雨敲打窗户的声音。 ⑦I observed all the rooms broken into. 注意：see, hear, watch, notice 等动词后既可以加v-ing 也可以用do（不带to的不定式）,还可以跟done，但三者之间有区别: 用v-ing 表示动作正在发生,即发生的过程还没有结束; 用do强调动作发生的全过程，即动作全过程结束了,用done 表示宾语与宾补之间时被动的关系 ①I saw her come into the classroom.我看到他进了教室。 ②I saw her coming into the classroom.我看他正在走进教室。 ③I saw her taken out of the classroom.我看到她被带出了教室。 2）表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get等。 如：make sth. done:让……被…… make oneself done. 让某人自己被…….或( 让别人……) get sth. done have sth. done 温馨提示： 让某人做某事:have sb. do sth./ get sb. to do sth. ①We have made our views known to them.我们已经使他们知道了我们 的观点。 ②As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult to make himself understood. ③I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。 ④He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 ⑤They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English. ⑥we will make ourselves understood in one day.
过去分词作定语用法.
过去分词作定语用法 （Past Participles Used as Attributes） 过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。 过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。例如：He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。 也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。例如：fallen leaves 落叶 retired workers 退休工人 the risen sun 升起的太阳 注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况： 1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。 My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。 单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。例如： They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。 2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如： The student dressed in white is my daughter. =The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。 3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如： Is there anything unsolved? 还有没解决的问题吗？ There is noting changed here since I left this town.自从我离开这个城镇以来，几乎没有什么变化。 4. 单个过去分词前加一名词或副词，常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词，放在其修饰的名词前，作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体，所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。例如： This is a state-owned factory. 这是一家国营工厂。 This is our school-run factory. 这是我们的校办工厂。 5. 作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词的形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词的形式往往不一样。例如： 原形用作定语的过去分词用作表语或谓语的过去分词 drink drunken drunk
过去分词做宾补常见结构归纳
过去分词做宾补常见结构归纳 一、在make, get, have, keep等表示“致使”意义的动词中： 1、“have”+ 宾语+ -ed 分词有三种情况 (1)We had the engine repaired. 我们已经把发动机修理了。（表示完成一件事情，不一定自己 亲自动手做，也许请别人做）。 (2)He had his leg broken when he was climbing the tree. 当他爬树的时候把腿伤了。（表示 “遭受”，并非有意去做）。 (3)He had his wallet stolen. 他的钱包被偷。（表示“遭受经济损失”，不由自主，自己是 受害者。） 2、“make”+ 宾语+-ed分词 The news made me disappointed. 这个消息使我失望。 What made them so frightened? 是什么使他们如此害怕？ She managed to make herself understood in English. 她讲英语设法让别人明白她的意思。 They are determined to make their voice heard. 他们决心让别人听见他们的声音。 You’ve made her embarrassed with your question. 你的问题使她很尴尬。 Let’s make it known to all that there must be less empty talk and more hard work. 我们要让大家知道：少空谈，多勤奋。 This has made them interested in Marxism. 这已经使他们对马克思主义产生兴趣。 You should make your views known. 你应该让大家知道你的观点。 You must make yourself respected. 你必须树立自己的尊严。 3、“get”+ 宾语+-ed分词 She got her tooth pulled out. 她把自己的一颗牙拔掉了。 Nowadays we got women trained as truck drivers. 现在我们培训女士当卡车司机。 The nurse hurriedly got the children dressed. 护士匆匆忙忙给孩子们穿上了衣服。 It was so cold that the driver couldn’t get the car started. 天气太冷了，以至于司机无法将车子启动。 4、“keep”+ 宾语+-ed分词 Please keep us informed of the latest development. 请随时将最新进展告知我们。 He kept his eyes shut and stayed where he was. 他闭上眼睛，呆在原来的地方。 And she keeps the food locked up. 她将食品锁了起来。
过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语 【观察】观察下列句子中过去分词的用法，然后加以总结。 1. Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. 2. Looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful. 3. Caught in the rain on my way home, I had a bad cold. 4. Built thirty years ago the house still looks very beautiful. 5. The professor, followed by his assistants, walked out of the hall. 6. She sat by the window alone, lost in thought. 7. Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. 8. Water can be changed into vapor when heated. 9. There is no point arguing about it; just do as told. 10. He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. [总结] 过去分词可作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。过去分词作状语应注意以下几点： 一、过去分词作状语表示的意义 ●表示时间(如例句1)、条件(如例句2)、原因(如例句3)、让步(如例句4) 的分词短语相当于相对应的状语从句。 After they had been discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. If it is looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful. Because I was caught in the rain on my way home, I had a bad cold. Although it was built thirty years ago, the house still looks very beautiful. ●作方式状语或表示伴随情况，说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。可转化成并列句。(如例句5-6) The professor walked out of the hall and he was followed by his assistants. She sat by the window alone, and she was lost in thought. 二、过去分词与句子主语之间的关系 ●过去分词作状语表示被动或完成的动作。其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语一致。过去分词与句子主语之间通常存在逻辑上的动宾关系。(如例句1-5) 【难点点拨】分词作状语时，用现在分词还是过去分词，取决于分词与句子主语之间的关系。主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。比较： Seeing from the top floor, we can find the garden more beautiful. Seen from the top floor, the garden looks more beautiful. ●有些过去分词或短语来源于系表结构，或某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。常见的有lost(如例句6), seated, hidden, lost in, dressed in, faced with, absorbed in, surprised, disappointed, exhausted, frightened, satisfied(如例句7), tired等。 三、“连词+过去分词”结构作状语 过去分词作状语时，可在分词之前加某些连词，以表示强调。常用的有if, unless, when(如例句8), once, until, though/ although, even if/ even though, as(如例句9), as if等。 【难点点拨】此结构实际是状语从句的省略形式。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且状语从句的谓语动词是被动式时，省略从句的主语和动词be即是。 Water can be changed into vapor when (it is) heated. There is no point arguing about it, just do as (you are) told. 四、过去分词的独立主格结构作状语 如果过去分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构属于独立主格结构，作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等(如例句10)。
过去分词作宾语补足语填空完成句子专题练习
过去分词作宾语补足语专题训练 人教版必修5 Unit 2课文中过去分词作宾语补足语经典范例： Text 1 1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales ___________ as well. (include) 2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland ___________ in the same peaceful way. (connect) Text 2 1. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels________special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I.(guard) 2. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo _______ standing on either side of the line.(take) 过去分词作宾语补足语基本结构： see/hear/find/feel/have/make/keep/get/want/wish/would/like/with等+ sth(通常是物)+ V-ed（动词过去分词） 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.I'd like to see the plan ________ (carry) out. 2.At that moment, I saw him _________ (cross) the road. 3.I was glad to see the children well _______ (take) care of. 4.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _____ (speak) as much as we can. 5.She raised her voice to make herself ________ (hear) by all the people in the hall. 6.I was surprised to find my hometown _________ (change) so much. 7.He got his tooth _________ (pull) out yesterday. 8.I heard an English song ________ (sing) by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday. 9.It's wrong of you to leave the machine _________ (run) all the time. 10.While walking along the street, I heard my name ________ (call). 11.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ (lose) for words. 12.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ (remind) of his own dreams. 13.Claire had her luggage _________ (check) an hour before her plane left. 14.Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _________ (amuse) with her stories. 15.Alexander tried to get his work __________ (recognize) in the medical circles. 16.I'm glad to see that you had your moustache ________ (shave) off. 17.I got the story ________ (write) in French. Mr. White did it. 18.Our manager left the problem _________ (unsettle). 19.Please keep us _________ (inform) of the latest situation. 20.He had the boy _________ (throw) out the rubbish. 21.The fertilizers will make the vegetables __________ (grow) big and strong. 22.As a guard you should not let strangers ________ (enter) the gym. 23.The peasants were often made __________ (work) from morning till night. 24.The chemistry teacher let me ________ (enter ) for the chemistry competition. 25.We will send a guard _________ (guard) your school. He 's been stationed at the gate. 26.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn't make his words _________ (understand). 27.The scientists were waiting to see the problem _________ (settle). 28.He reads newspapers every day to keep himself _________ (inform) about what's going on in the world.
高考英语语法详解：现在分词作状语和过去分词作状语的区别
高考英语语法详解：现在分词作状语和过去分词作状语的区别 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。 To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。 3)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。 His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。 The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant． (2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。 Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。 His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。 (注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。 People cannot but feel puzzled，for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake. His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected．
过去分词作定语宾补
基础过关：过去分词(表示和被动的动作) 是有形容词.副词的作用,在句中可以用作定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语 一.过去分词作定语 过去分词做定语,表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,单一的确过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句 The broken window (=The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. 破损的窗户很快就会被换掉. The books bought yesterday (=which were bought yesterday) are of high quality. 昨天买的书确实很不错 (1)表示情绪的过去分词作定语： --She threw me a quick, frightened glance.他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼 --His face wore a puzzled expression.他脸上有一种困惑的表情 举一反三 amaze,embarrass,interest,excite,disappoint,encourage,move,surprise,astonish,delight,f righten,inspire,please,puzzle,terrify,shock,satisfy,worry,confuse, amuse, tire等。这些动词构成的过去分词实际上已经成了形容词，它们常常用来修饰人 （2）过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰词之后，作用相当于一个定语从句：What’s the language spoken in that country?那个国家讲的是什么语言？Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green.突然出现一个穿绿衣服的青年女子 二。过去分词作表语 表示主语的状态且该状语通常是由外界因素引起的, 这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词,是形容词化的过去分词，他并没有“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态。 I'm interested in reading novels, written by Jin Yong. 我对金庸的小说很感兴趣. 常见的还有: be surprised, be astonished, be amazed, be moved, be exhausted, be worried, be devoted, be pleased, be inspired, be encouraged, be excited, be delighted, be satisfied, be scared, be frightened, be disappointed