中考英语数词考点归纳与例析讲课教案

中考英语数词考点归纳与例析

【重点讲解】

数词分为基数词和序数词两种，表示事物数目的词称为基数词如one, two, three, forty 等；表示事物顺序的数词称为序数词。如first, second, third, fortieth等。数词的用法要注意一下几点：

1、基数词和序数词的拼写形式。

主要掌握1-12及20、21等的序数词的形式，其它序数词都是在基数词末尾加-th，是有规律可循的。

one—first six—sixth eleven—eleventh

two—second seven—seventh twelve—twelfth

three—third eight—eighth thirteen—thirteenth

four—fourth nine—ninth twenty—twentieth

five—fifth ten—tenth twenty-one—twenty-first

另外，序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成。例如：1st, 25th。

2. 时刻表达法。

表示时刻有两种说法：

1) 先说分钟，后说钟点。几点过几分，分钟不超过三十分钟时用past。例如：

It’s five past eight now. 现在是八点（过）五分。

几点差几分或差几分几点，差的分钟数不超过二十九分钟时,用to。例如：

It’s twenty-nine to eight. 八点差二十九分。

It’s a quarter to eight. 差一刻八点。

2)先说钟点，后说分钟。在日常生活中，为了简便，常用这种说法。例如：

It’s eight thirty.八点三十分。

3．年、月、日表达法。

1）年份用基数词表示，一般写为阿拉伯数字，读时可以以hundred为单位，也可以以世纪、年代为单位分别来读。如：1949 读作nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或nineteen forty-nine；2000读作twenty hundred，或two thousand。

表示在哪一年，一般在年份前加介词in，使用year时，year放在数词之前。如：in the year two fifty-three B.C. 在公元前253年。但是，通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯数字。

2）在哪个月用介词in加月份词表示。例如：in May在五月。

3）日期用定冠词the加序数词表示。在哪一天要用介词on。例如：

National Day is on Oct. 1. (=National Day is on the 1st of October．) 国庆节是十月一日。

4）美国英语的月份在日期前面, 如：2008年8月3日表达为August 3, 2008；英国英语的习惯是日在月前, 如：3 August 2008或3rd August 2008.

4．电话号码及编号。

编号既可以用序数词，也可用基数词。例如：

the first lesson -- Lesson One 第一课

the fiftieth page -- page 50第五十页

有的编号习惯上常用基数词。例如：

Room 829 (读作eight two nine) 829号房间

Tel. No. 2793586 (读作Telephone number two seven nine three five eight six)

5．分数的表达法。

分数由基数词和序数词合成。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是 1 时，分母用单数形式；分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。例如：1/3 → one third；2/3 → two thirds 6．小数的表达法。

整数与小数之间用小数点隔开。读小数时，每位数字(特别是小数点后面的)要单独读出。小数点读作point (点)，零读作zero (或naught)。如果整数是零，往往不读出。例如：

0.5读作zero(naught)point five, 或point five

7. 百分数的表达法。

5% → 5 per cent读作：five percent

8. 加减乘除表示法。

1）“加”用plus，and或add表示；“等于”用is，make，equal等词表示。

1+2=? 可表示为：How much is one plus two?

If we add one to/and two, we get three．一加二等于三。

2）“减”用minus表示。

10－6＝? How much is ten minus six?

Take six from ten and the remainder is four. 十减去六等于四。

3）“乘”用time（动词）或multiply表示。

3X7＝? How much is three times seven?

Three multiplied by seven makes twenty-one．三乘以七等于二十一。

4）“除”用divide的过去分词形式表示。

12 ÷ 4=? How much is twelve divided by four?

Twelve divided by four equals/gives/makes three．十二除以四等于三。

【中考链接】

1. -- Do you still remember the snow storm last winter？

-- Sure! _____ people _______ from going home during that time.

A. One hundred, stopped

B. Ten hundreds of, were stopped

C. Hundreds, stopped

D. Hundreds of, were stopped

答案：D。【解析】基数词表示具体数目时，hundred, thousand, million用单数形式。但在表示“数百”、“数千”、“数百万”等不确切数目时，hundred, thousand, million要用复数形式，且后接“of +名词复数”，所以第一空填Hundreds of；人们是受到暴风雪的阻挡而回不了家，people与stop是被动关系，所以第二空填were stopped。

2. --- Peter, how old is your father this year?

--- _______. And we just had a party for his ________ birthday last weekend.

A. Fortieth, forty

B. Forty, forty

C. Forty, fortieth

D. Fortieth, fortieth

答案：C。【解析】该题考查的是基数词与序数词的用法。回答年龄，要用基数词；说“第几个”生日要用序数词。

3. All the teachers live on ______ floor.

A. the second

B. two

C. second

答案：A。【解析】该题考查的是基数词与序数词的用法。序数词作定语时前面要加定冠词the。又如：December is the twelfth month of the year. 十二月是一年中的第十二个月份。

4. -- How many students are there in your class?

-- Fifty. Two-thirds of us ________ from Guangdong.

A. is

B. comes

C. arew

D. coming

答案：C。【解析】本题考点是数词作主语时的主谓一致问题。句中Two thirds of us指“我们当中三分之二的人”至少也有几个人，显然是复数，因此选C。

5. -- How old is the baby?

-- He is _______.

A. six-months-old

B. six-month-old

C. six-months old

D. six months old

答案：D。【解析】选项A和C本身是错误的，其中的month不可以用复数形式。选项B 是“基数词+ 名词+ 形容词”构成的复合形容词，只能用作定语。

6. ______ is said that ________ tourists visit Geyuan Garden every day.

A. That, thousands of

B. It, five thousand of

C. It , thousands of

D. This, three thousand

答案：C。【解析】“it is said that…”，表示“据说…”，是一个固定句型。thousand与of 连用要用复数形式，所以排除B而选C。

7. Time is not enough for so much work. ____ people are needed, I think.

A. Other two

B. Only two

C. Two more

D. Two others

答案：C。【解析】基数词与more连用，并放在more前，表示“另外有”、“还有”的意思。

8. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a ___ one.

A. three

B. third

C. forth

D. 不填

答案：B。【解析】序数词前加不定冠词a/an, 表示“又一”、“再一”的意思。句意为，“那两把尺子都断了，我想买第三支。”所以排除C选B。又如：Please try it a second time. 请再试一试。

【习题精炼】

1. December is the _____ month in a year.

A. twenty

B. twelve

C. twentieth

D. twelfth

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