北京高考英语试题及答案

2008年高考北京卷英语试题及答案

第二部分：知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节：单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. John promised his doctor he ________ not smoke, and he has smoked ever since.

A. might

B. should

C. could

D. would.

22. —Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?

—Who _______ it?

A. writes

B. has written

C. wrote

D. had written

23. —Did you return Fred’s call?

—I didn’t need to ____ I’ll see him tomorrow.

A. though

B. unless

C. when

D. because

24. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.

A. Seeing

B. To see

C. See

D. Seen

25. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _____ of the parents spoke the language.

A. none

B. neither

C. both

D. each

26. After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.

A. hungry and tiredly

B. hungry and tired

C. hungrily and tiredly

D. hungrily and tired

27. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ____ in many worse hotels.

A .was staying B, stayed C. would stay D. had stayed

28. I’ll give you y friend’s home address,I can be reached most evenings.

A. which

B. when

C. whom

D. where

29. No decision about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.

A. will be made

B. is made

C. is being made

D. has been made

30. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. who

31. –Did the book give the information you needed?

–Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.

A. to find

B. find

C. to finding

D. finding

32. I feel greatly honored ____ into their society.

A. to welcome

B. welcoming

C. to be welcomed

D. welcomed

33. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ____ the back door.

A. for

B. by

C. across

D. out

34. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ____ Brian get back.

A. before

B. since

C. till

D. after

35. It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ____ better ones of your own.

A. introduces

B. to introduce

C. introducing

D. introduced

第二节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I could

__36__ tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne.

I was extremely interested in the ideas he 37 in class.

When I took the first exam, I was 38 to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, 39 English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained_ 40 .

I decided to try harder, although I didn’t know what that41 because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I 42 with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his 43.

One more test before the final exam. One more 44 to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time. 45 The meaning of the word “thorough”. But my46__ did no good and everything 47 as before.

The last hurdle(障碍) was the final. No matter what 48 I got, it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses. I might as well kiss the 49 goodbye.

I stopped working head. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I

even 50 myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I’d have51__with a test.

A week later, I was surprised to find I got a n A. I hurried into professor Jayne’s office. He52__ to be expecting me. “If I gave you the As you53 , you wouldn’t continue to work as hard.”

I stared at him. 54 That his analysis and strategy(策略) were correct. I had worked my head 55 , as I had never done before.

I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only A-plus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I’ve always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.

36. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get

37. A. sought B. presented C. exchanged D. obtained

38. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious

39. A. but B. so C. for D. or

40. A. unchanged B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved

41. A. reflected B. meant C. improved D. affected

42. A. quarreled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted

43. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view

44. A. choice B. step C. chance D. measure

45. A. memorized B. considered C. accepted D. learned

46. A. ambition B. confidence C. effort D. method

47. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed

48. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment

49. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject

50. A. helped B. favored C. treated D. relaxed

51. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks.

52. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed

53. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed

54. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realizing

55. A. out B. over C. on D. off

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night I went to pick up a passenger at 2:30 AM. When I arrived to collect, I found the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window.

I walked to the door and knocked, “Just a minute,” answered a weak, elderly voice.

After a long pause, the door opened. A small woman in her eighties stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase.

I took the suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.

She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It’s nothing,” I told her. “I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.”

“Oh, you’re such a good man.” She said. When we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, “Could you drive through downtown?”

“It’s not the shortest way,” I answered quickly.

“Oh, I’m in no hurry,” she said. “I’m on my way to a hospice(临终医院). I don’t have any family left. The doctor says I don’t have very long.”

I quietly reached over and shut off the meter(计价器).

For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.

Sometimes she’d ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.

At dawn, she suddenly s aid,” I’m tired. Let’s go now.”

We drove in silence to the address she had given me.

“How much do I owe you?” she asked.

“Nothing.” I said.

“You have to make a living,” she answered. “Oh, there are other passengers,” I answered.

Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto e tightly. Our hug ended with her remark, “You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.”

56. The old woman chose to ride through the city in order to ______.

A. show she was familiar with the city

B. see some places for the last time

C. let the driver earn more money

D. reach the destination on time

57. The taxi driver did not charge the old woman because he ______.

A. wanted to do her a favor

B. shut off the meter by mistake

C. had received her payment in advance

D. was in a hurry to take other passengers

58. What can we learn from the story?

A. Giving is always a pleasure.

B. People should respect each other.

C. An act of kindness can bring people great joy.

D. People should learn to appreciate others’ concern.

B

Domestic (驯养的) horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry police. But early horses weren’t tame (驯服的) enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today.

Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication.

As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals’ genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of houses would show more of these chosen characteristics. Modern d ay horse breeds come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn’t exist in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds—typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (矿井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads.

The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horse were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed

people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new from of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world.

59. Before domestication horses were ______.

A. caught for sports

B. hunted for food

C. made to pull ploughs

D. used to carry people

60. The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show ______.

A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horse

B. horse used to have gentle personalities

C. some horses have better shaped than others

D. horses were of less variety before domestication

61. Horses contributed to the spread of culture by ______.

A. carrying heavy loads

B. changing farming methods

C. serving as a means of transport

D. advancing agriculture in different areas

62. The passage is mainly about _______.

A. why humans domesticated horses

B. how humans and horses needed each other

C. why horses came in different shapes and sizes

D. how human societies and horses influenced each other

C

Dear Hamilton,

We are fortunate that in such a large, high-pressure office we all get along so well. You are one of the people who keep the social temperature at such a comfortable setting. I don’t know anyone in the office who is better liked than you.

You can perhaps help with this. The collection of contributions towards gifts for employees’ personal-life events is becoming a little troubling. Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reasonable now and then. In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral（葬礼）remembrance, four birthday gifts, and three graduation gifts.

It’s not only the collected-from who are growing uncomfortable (and poor), but the collected-for feel uneasy receiving gifts from people who don’t know them outside the office, who wouldn’t even recognize their graduating children, their marrying daughters and sons, or their dead relatives.

This is basically a kind gesture (and one that people think well of you for), but the practice seems to have become too wide-ranging and feels improper in today’s office setting.

Thank you for understanding.

63. The underlined word “contributions” probably m eans ________.

A. money

B. suggestions

C. reports

D. understanding

64. Hamilton is expected to _______.

A. show more kindness.

B. discontinue the present practice

C. quit being the organizer for gift giving

D. know more about co-workers’ families

65. This is basically a letter of ________.

A. apology

B. sympathy

C. appreciation

D. dissatisfaction

D

When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate（照亮）me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share.

When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say:“Let’s start with a train whistle today.” We would sit qu ietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.

When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, He was in despair(失望)and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.

For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other’s dreams. She and I agree that, at certain times, we seem to be parts of the same mind. In my most interesting moments, I often think:“Yes, I must tell….”We ha ve never met.

It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist（心理学家），who will only fill up the healing（愈合的）silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.

66. In the eighth grade, what the author did before developing proper social behavior was to ______.

A. become serious about her study

B. go to her friend’s house regularly

C. learn from her classmates at school

D. share poems and stories with her friend

67. In Paragraph 3, “We gave London to each other” probably means ______.

A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us

B. we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London

C. our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared

D. we parted with each other in London

68. According to Paragraph 4, the author and her friend _______.

A. call each other regularly

B. have similar personalities

C. enjoy writing to each other

D. dream of meeting each other

69. In the darkest moments, the author would prefer to ______.

A. seek professional help

B. be left alone

C. stay with her best friend

D. break the silence

70. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Unforgettable Experiences

B. Remarkable Imagination

C. Lifelong Friendship

D. Noble Companions

E

The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place

Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）.

Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.

On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.

Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying

them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.

71. From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.

A. diet products fail to bring out people’s potential

B. people have difficulty in choosing diet products

C. diet products are misleading people

D. people are fed up with diet products

72. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____.

A. try out a variety of diet foods

B. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods

C. pay attention to their own eating habits

D. watch their weight rather than their diet

73. In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain” probably means ______.

A. losing weight is effortless

B. it costs a lot to lose weight

C. diet products bring no pain

D. diet products are free from calories

74. Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products ______.

A. are over-consumed

B. lack basic nutrients

C. are short of chemicals

D. provide too much energy

75. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

第II卷（共35分）

第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节情景作文（20分）

假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为“Our Spring Outing” 的英文稿件。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，叙述上周你们班从准备春游到春游结束的完整过程。

注意：词数不少于60.

提示词：游乐园amusement park

垃圾箱bin

(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡II第一页指定区域内)

第二节开放作文（15分）

请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

In an English speech competition, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how

you understand it.

(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡II第二页指定区域内)

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语(北京卷) 参考答案

第一部分：听力理解（共两节，30分）

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，共7.5分）

1.A.

2.A.

3.B.

4.C.

5.C.

第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，共22.5分）

6. B

7. C

8. A

9. A 10. C

11. C 12. B 13. B 14. A 15.B

16. B 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B

第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节单项填空（共15小题：每小题1.分，共15分）21. D 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B

26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C

31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35.C

第二节完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分，共30分) 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D

41. B 42. B 43. B 44. C 45. D

46. C 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. C

51. A 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. D

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2分，共40分）56. B 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. D

61. C 62. D 63. A 64. B 65. D

66. D 67. A 68. C 69. B 70. D

71. C 72. D 73. A 74. B 75. B

第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节情景作文（20分）

一、内容要点：

1. 讨论

2. 爬山

3. 捡拾别人（或收拾自己）的垃圾

4. 投放垃圾

二、说明：

内容要点可用不同方式表达。

三、 One possible version:

Last Thursday, we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing. We came up with several choices such as going boating, climbing a mountain, and going to an amusement park. Finally, we decided to go mountain climbing.

The next day, we set off early in the morning. While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. However, when reached the top, we were shocked to see litter here and there, such as bottles and banana peels. Then we started to pick up the litter. Afterwards, we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respectively.

We were tired but happy.

第二节开放作文（15分）

One possible version:

From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hard-working pencil. The compasses are big, drawing a circle with ease, while the pencil is small, drawing a line with great effort. I think the compasses are reasonable to be proud because no one else can do the job better. At the same time, however, he should realize the pencil has his own advantages. The pencil can do other shapes better than the compasses, even pictures. So in my opinion, while we are confident in ourselves, we should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.