英语音标及对应单词学习

英语音标及对应单词学

习

Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

一、字母

字母顺序表

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz

字母的读音

二、语音

音素、音标的概念

（1）音素是记录英语语音的最小单位，英语共48个音素，20个元音，28个辅音。

（2）音标是记录音素的符号，现在我们用国际上通用的48个音标来记录英语语音。为了把音标与字母进行区分，常把音标放在[ ]或者/ /里。

音标的分类

记录英语音素的48个音标可分为元音和辅音两大类。

元音：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流在通过口腔时，不受阻碍发出的语音叫做元音。国际音标中有20个元音，里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。

单元音：[i:] [i] [e] [] [a:] [] [:] [] [:] [] [u:] [u]

双元音：[ai] [ei] [i] [u] [u] [au] [ε] [i]

辅音：辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。

清辅音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts] [h]

浊辅音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ] [з] [dz] [dз] [dr] [m]

[n] [] [l] [r] [w] [j]

元音：

前元音：[i:] [i] [e] []

后元音：[ɑ:] [:] [] [u:] [u]

中元音：[] [:] []

双元音：[ai] [ei] [i] [u] [u] [au] [ε] [i]

辅音：

爆破音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]

鼻音： [m] [n] []

摩擦音：[f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [e] [∫] [з] [r] [h]

破擦音：[t∫] [dз] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz]

半元音：[w] [j]

舌边音：[l]

前元音

[i:]

eat [ i:t ] 吃 tea [ ti: ]茶 peach [ pi:t ]桃

he [ hi:]他 she [ i: ]她 beef [ bi:f ] 牛肉

jeep [ di:p ]吉普车 key [ ki: ] 钥匙 meat [ mi:t ] 肉

cheap [ ti:p ] 便宜的

[i]

fish [ fi ] 鱼 gym [ dim ] 健身房 kid [ kid ] 小孩fifth [ fifθ ]第五 sister [ 'sist ] 姐妹 this [ eis ] 这个

is [ iz]是 six [ siks ] 六 pig [ pig ]猪

slipper [ 'slip ]拖鞋

[e]

desk [ desk ] 桌子 pencil [ 'pensl ]铅笔 pen [ pen ] 钢笔

dress [ dres ] 连衣裙 red [ red ] 红色的 eleven [ i'levn ] 十一

bed [ bed ] 床 bread [ bred] 面包 egg [ eɡ]蛋

yes [ yes ] 是

[]

bag [ [bg] ]包 fan [ fn ] 风扇 math [ mθ ]数学

jacket [ 'dkit ] 夹克衫 rabbit [ 'rbit ] 兔子 apple [ 'pl ]苹果

can [ kn] 可以 cabbage ['kbid] 卷心菜

中元音

[]

young [ j ]年轻人 funny [ 'fni ]滑稽可笑的 Monday['mndi ]星期一

Sunday['sndi ] lunch [ lnt ]午餐 under [ 'nd ]在…下面

sometimes [ 'smtaimz ]有时

[:]

curtain [ 'k:tn ]窗帘 her [ h:]她的 skirt [ sk:t ]裙子

shirt [ :t ]衬衫 girl [g:l ] 女孩 nurse [ n:s ]护士

thirty [ 'θ:ti ]三十

[]

today [ t'dei ]今天 mirror [ 'mir ]镜子 river [ 'riv ]河，江summer [ 'sm ]夏季 winter [ 'wint ] 冬季 colour [ 'kl ]颜色computer [ km'pju:t ]电脑 kangaroo [ ,kng'ru: ]袋鼠

后元音

[ɑ:]

grass [grɑ:s]草 smart[smɑ:t]聪明 park [ pɑ:k ] 公园

grandpa [ 'ɡrndpɑ: ]爷爷 classroom [ 'klɑ:srum ]教室

farm [ fɑ:m ] 农田 farmer [ 'fɑ:m ]农夫

bathroom [ 'bɑ:θrum ]卫生间 are [ ɑ:]是

[:]

floor [ fl: ] 地板 tall [ t:l ]高的 short [ :t ] 不足

for [f:]为了 salty [ 's:lti ]咸的 fall [ f:l ]秋天

walk [ w:k ]走 board [ b:d ]木板 wall [ w:l ]墙

[]

closet [ 'klzit ]壁橱 forest [ 'frist ]森林 because [ bi'kz ]因为

mom [ mm ]妈妈 what [ hwt]什么 chopsticks [ 'tpstiks ]筷子

dog [ [dɡ]狗 doctor [ dkt ]医生 sock [ sk ]袜子

[u:]

fruit [ fru:t ]水果 noon [ nu:n ]中午 kangaroo [ ,kng'ru: ]袋鼠

school [ sku:l ]学校 blue [ blu: ]蓝色的 cool [ ku:l ] 凉爽的

shoe [ u: ] 鞋子 room [ ru:m ]房间 soup [ su:p ] 汤

[u]

book [ buk ] 书 look [ luk ]看 wood [ wud ]树林classroom [ 'klɑ:srum ]教室 notebook [ 'nutbuk ]笔记本

bathroom [ 'bɑ:θrum ]卫生间 bedroom [ 'bedru(:)m ] 卧室

双元音(一)

[ai]

kind [ kaind]和蔼的 like [ laik ]喜欢 why [ hwai ] 为什么

quiet [ 'kwait ] 安静的 Friday ['faidi ]星期五 behind [ bi'haind ]在…后面July [dзu:lai]七月 sometimes [ 'smtaimz ] 有时 fly [ flai ] 飞

fight [ fait ] 打架

[ei]

grape [greip ]葡萄 lake [ leik ]湖泊 eight [ eit ]八

today [ t'dei ]今天 they [ eei]他们 may [ mei ] 可以

name [ neim ]名字 play [ plei ]玩 cake [ keik ]蛋糕

snake [ sneik ]蛇

[i]

here [ hi ] 这里 ear [ i ]耳朵 dear [ di ]亲爱的

near[ni]近的 really [ 'rili]真地

[u]

old [ uld]老的 tofu [ 'tufu: ]豆腐 potato [ p'teitu ]土豆

tomato [ t'mɑ:tu]西红柿 clothes [ kluez ]衣服 road [ rud ]马路yellow [ 'jelu ]黄色的 cold [ kuld ]寒冷的 snowy [ 'snui ]下雪的home [ hum ] 家

双元音(二)

[u]

sour [ 'sau ] 酸的 sure [ u]当然可以 flower['flau] 花[au]

flower [ 'flau ]花 house [ haus]房子 about [ 'baut ]关于playground [ 'pleigraund ]操场 now [ nau ]现在 mouth [ mauθ ]嘴巴cloud [ klaud ]云 wow [ wau ] 哇 mountain [ 'mauntin ]山

[ε]

there [ eε]那里 wear [ wε ]穿着 pair [ pε ]一双

yeah [ jε ]是 chair [ tε ]椅子

[i]

boy [ bi ] 男孩 toy [ ti ]玩具

noise [ niz ]噪音 enjoy [ in'di ]享受

爆破音

[p]

pencil [ 'pensl铅笔 pen [ pen ] 钢笔 picture [ 'pikt ]照片pants [ pnts ]裤子 play [ plei ]玩 pear [ pε ]梨

pig [ pig]猪 potato [ p'teitu ]土豆 park [ pɑ:k ]公园

please [ pli:z ]请

[b]

book [ buk ]书 boy [ bi ]男孩 bed [ bed ]床

beef [ bi:f ]牛肉 bread [ bred ]面包 brother [ 'bre ]兄弟board [ b:d ]木板 big [ big]大的 banana [ b'nɑ:n]香蕉[t]

two [ tu: ]二 ten [ ten ]十 time [ taim ]时间

today [ t'dei ] 今天 twelve [ twelv ]十二 twenty [ 'twenti ]二十tofu [ 'tufu: ] 豆腐 tomato [ t'mɑ:tu]西红柿 tasty [ 'teisti ]美味的teacher [ 'ti:t ]老师 tell [ tel ]告诉

[d]

door [ d: ]门 desk [ desk ]桌子 dog [ [dɡ]狗

do [du: ]做 dinner [ 'din ]晚餐 doctor [ dkt ]医生

duck [ dk ]鸭子 day [ dei ]一天 food [ fu:d ]食物

[k]

kind [ kaind ]和蔼的 kitchen [ 'kitin ]厨房 kangaroo [ ,kng'ru: ]袋鼠climb [ klaim ]爬，攀登 computer [ km'pju:t ]电脑 kid [ kid ]小孩clean [ kli:n ]清洁的 come [ km ]来 cousin [ 'kzn ]堂兄弟姐妹[g]

girl [g:l ]女孩 green [gri:n ]绿色 grape [greip ]葡萄grass [grɑ:s]草 garden [ 'gɑ:dn ]花园 goat [gut ]山羊

go [gu ]走 grandmother [ 'grnd,me ]祖母

grandfather [ 'grnd,fɑ:e ]祖父

鼻音

[m]

milk [ milk ]牛奶 mother [ 'me ]母亲 me [ mi:]我

may [ mei ]可以 my[ mai ]我的 mom [ mm ]妈妈math [ mθ ]数学 mirror [ 'mir ]镜子 mutter [ 'mt ]羊肉[n]

nurse [ n:s ]护士 new [ nju:]新的 name [ neim ]名字nine [ nain ]九 now [ nau ]现在 November[ nu 'vemb]十一月ninth[ nainθ ]第九 next [ nekst ]下次 near [ ni ]近的[]

strong [ str, str: ]强壮 long [ l, l: ]长的

pink [ pik ]粉红色 english [ 'igli ]英语

evening [ 'i:vni ]晚上

摩擦音（一）

[f]

friend [ frend ]朋友 fish [ fi ]鱼 father [ 'fɑ:e ]爸爸

fan [ fn ]风扇 flow [ flu ]流动 flower [ 'flau ]花

for [f: ]为了 four [ f: ] 四 five [ faiv ]五

fresh [ fre ] 新鲜

[v]

very [ 'veri ]很，非常 twelve [ twelv ]十二 vest [ vest ] 背心active [ 'ktiv ]积极的 summer [ 'sm ] 夏天 five [ faiv ]五

favourite [ 'feivrit ]最喜爱的 evening [ 'i:vni ]晚上

everyone [ 'evriwn ] 每个人 vegetable [ 'veditbl ]蔬菜

[s]

student [ 'stju:dnt]学生 sorry [ 's:ri]对不起 six [ siks ]六strong [ str, str: ]强壮 seven [ 'sevn ]七 strict [ strikt ] 严格的

sky [ skai ]天空 summer [ 'sm ]夏季 sleep [ sli:p ] 睡觉[z]

season [ 'si:zn ]季节 because [ bi'kz ]因为 woods[woodz]树林zebra [ 'zi:br ]斑马 zero [ 'ziru]零 please [ pli:z ]高兴

摩擦音（二）

[θ]

thin [ θin ]瘦的 fifth [ fifθ ] 第五 math [ mθ ]数学

path [ pɑ:θ, pθ ]道路 healthy [ 'helθi ]健康的 ninth [ nainθ ]第九mouth [ mauθ ]嘴巴 thirty [ 'θ:ti ]三十

[e]

brother [ 'bre ]兄弟 father [ 'fɑ:e ]父亲 mother [ 'me ]母亲this [ eis]这个 that [ et]那个

they [ eei]他们 there [ eε ]那里 those [ euz ]那些[∫]

fish [ fi ]鱼 fresh [ fre ]新鲜的 english [ 'igli ]英语short [ :t ]短的 she [ i: ] 她 washroom [ 'wrum ]洗手间[з]Usually ['ju: зu li]通常

[r]

ruler [ 'ru:l ]尺子 rice [ rais ]米饭 run [ rn ]跑

really [ 'rili]真地 right [ rait ]正确的 red [ red ]红的

river [ 'riv ]河，江 road [ rud ]马路 fresh [ fre ]新鲜的

[h]

her [ h: ]她 have [ hv ]有 help [ help ] 帮助

hen [ hen ]母鸡 hundred [ 'hndrd ] 一百 he [ hi:]他

house [ haus, hauz ] 房子 honey [ 'hni ]蜂蜜 home [ hum ] 家

破擦音

[t∫]

lunch [ lnt ]午饭 teacher [ 'ti:t ]老师 chair [ tε ]椅子chopsticks [ 'tpstiks ]筷子 picture [ 'pikt ]照片

[dз]

jeep [ di:p ] 吉普车 gym [ dim ] 健身房 jacket [ 'dkit ]夹克vegetable [ 'veditbl ]蔬菜 cabbage ['kbid]卷心菜 jump [ dmp ]跳

[tr]

strict [ strikt ]严格的 strong [ str, str: ]强壮 tree [ tri: ] 树木

[dr]

hundred [ 'hndrd ] 一百 draw [ dr: ]画 dress [ dres ]穿，连衣裙bedroom [ 'bedru(:)m ]卧室

[ts]

short [ :ts ]短的 pants [ pnts ] 短裤

[dz]

woods [ wudz ] 树林

半元音

[w]

window [ 'windu ]窗户 wall [ w:l ]墙 weather [ 'wee ]天气windy [ 'windi ] 有风的 weekend [ ,wi:k'end]周末 wait [ weit ]等候white [ hwait ]白的 winter [ 'wint ]冬季

[j]

yes [ yes ]是 year [ j:]一年 yet [ jet ]但是

your [ j: ]你的，你们的 you [ ju: ]你，你们 young [ j ]年轻的yesterday [ 'jestddei ]昨天

舌边音

[l]

ruler [ 'ru:l ] 尺子 milk [ milk ]牛奶 light [ 'lait ]灯

floor [ fl: ] 地板 shelf [ elf ] 书架 plate [ pleit ]碟子

library [ 'laibrri ]图书馆 help [ help ] 帮助 lunch [ lnt ]中饭