条件句虚拟语气表格

虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法总结

虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法 先看一道高考题： ____ more attention，the trees could have grown better． A．Given B．To give C．Giving D．Having given （答案是A） 句中"．．．the trees could have grown better"是一个表达虚拟语气的句子。题中要求选择的是如何表达假设条件的形式。如果我们把这个句子用另一种形式"If they had been given more attentio n ，the trees could have grown better．"来表示，就不难理解了。很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式表达，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其它形式表达出来，我们称之为"含蓄条件句"。 含蓄条件句主要通过名词、连接词、不定式、分词、动名词短语、介词短语及分句来暗示。这些表达形式在句中实际起着虚拟条件从句的作用。现分述如下： 一、介词短语 常用来表示虚拟条件的介词有with，without，in，under，but for等等，它们表示的虚拟条件都可以被if从句替换。 （1）without，with without表示否定的条件，意为if．．．not；with与without意义相反，表示肯定的条件。如：Without air，there would be no living things．（without air ＝if there were no air）没有空气，便没有生物。 With her help（＝If I had her help），I would do the experiment well．假如有她帮助，我就可以把这个实验做好。 （2）under Under the leadership of a less experienced person，the experiment would have failed．（u nder．．．＝If there had been the leadership of a less experienced person）假设在一个缺少经验的人领导下进行实验，实验准会失败。 （3）in I would have lost my head in that position．（in that position ＝if I had been in that po sition）我处在那种情况下，是会丧失理智的。 （4）but for

真实条件句,虚拟语气.

当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。首先看以下例句：（1） You like calssical music, don't you? 你也喜欢古典音乐，对吗？(2 He lived in Vienna, too,didn't he? 他也住在维也纳，对吗？（3）Your parents can swim, can't they? 你父母会游泳，是吗？（4） Tony doesn't like classical music,does he? 托尼不喜欢古典音乐，对吗？（5） This music isn't very popular, is it? 这音乐并非十分流行，对吗？从以上句子可以看出，反意疑问句是由“助动词/ 系动词be（肯定或否定）+主语（代词）” 构成的。在反意疑问句的构成中要注意以下几点： 1.前面当陈述句如果是肯定的，反意疑问句就要用否定形式，如（1）、（2）、（3）；前面的陈述句如果是否定的，反意疑问句就要用肯定形式，如（4）、（5）； 2.反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的代词； 3.翻译疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句谓语动词保持一致。陈述句部分如果有标识否定意义的词，反意疑问句要用肯定式。如：They have never visited his home, have they? 他们从来没有到他家玩过，是吧？在回答反意疑问句时，要特别注意英、汉两种语言习惯的差别。试看下面当例句：——Mr Smith isn't American, is he? 史密斯先生不是美国人，对吧？——Oh yes, he is.不对，他是美国人。可以看出，在英语中，无论问题是怎样问的，只要答语的事实是肯定句，就要用YES；只要答语的事实是否定的，就要用NO. 编辑本段英语18种特殊的反意疑问句介绍 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如：Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板，好吗？Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：1Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如：Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧，好吗？还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。2Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如： Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试，行吗？ 2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？ 3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形

虚拟语气表格总结版

虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句 （一）形式 I.动词的语气简介： 语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。 ?虚拟语气——与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑推测、祝愿等。 II.虚拟语气的运用 一、在if条件从句中的运用 （一）表格及注意事项 ?注： ? 1. 目前，虚拟语气的were除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外，其他有些情况可以用was。 ? 2. 如果表示否定的意思，多用过去时结构，用should和were to较少。

（二）、虚拟条件句中的省略和倒装 若符合下列条件，可以省略if: ? 1.必须是非真实条件句，并且有时，才可以省略if. ? 2.省略if时，主语与的位置必须相互调换。 例： （1）万一我见到她，我会告诉她的。 If I should meet her, I would tell her. （2）如果我处在你的位置上，我会做得更好。 If I were in your position, I would do it better. （3）如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的。 If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. (三)含蓄条件句 假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如with，without，but，but for，otherwise等。根据句子要表达的事态，选择相应的虚拟语气的形式。 I lost her phone number, otherwise I her up. 我弄丢了她的电话号码，否则我就能打给她了 If I had not lost her phone number… But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school. 要不是有你的帮助，我不会有机会去学校的。 If you had not helped me… I was away that day, otherwise I ____ the lecture. A.had attended B.would have attended C.would attend D.attended 例:（1）我们在那个小村庄中迷路了，否则昨天我们还能去更多有趣的地方地方。 （2）我本来可以帮你的，但是我太忙了。 二、用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 （一）在wish引导的宾语从句中，表示未能实现或不可能实现的愿望，用虚拟语气。主句

If条件句和虚拟语气

If条件句和虚拟语气 if 条件句和虚拟语气 包含条件从句的句子叫条件句。条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句（First conditional）,一类是非真实条件句(Second Conditional)。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句；如果是纯属假设情况或是不可能发生或可能性不大的情况，则是非真实条件句。 1.真实条件句,可用if和unless引导 1）一个动作发生，另一动作随之发生 I’ll lend Peter the money if he needs it. If he has time, he will come. If he doesn’t come before 12 o’clock, we won’t wait for him. I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. I won’t go to her party unless I am invited. 2）表示命令、建议或请求,这时的if等于when If she telephones, let me know. Give my love to Lawrence if you see him. 3)will用于if从句中，不表示将来，而表示愿意或坚持的意思 If you will come this way, I’ll take you to the manager’s office. If you will get drunk every night, it’s not surprising you feel ill. 2. 非真实条件句

非真实条件句包括虚拟条件句和错综时间条件句 1）虚拟条件句分三类，其结构列表如下： If I become president, I’ll make all of my people live a happy life. (竞选总统的候选人这样说) If I became president, I’d make all of my people live a happy life. (一个小学生这样说) l 以下与现在事实相反 He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors. I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I hade time, I would certainly go to the movie with you. l 以下与过去事实相反 If you had come here a little earlier, you would have met the pop star. I don’t know what would have happened if Jane hadn’t been able to speak Japanese. l 以下推测将来 If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way. If it should rain again, what else could we do? 2) 错综时间条件句

(完整版)if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。 一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断 1、可以把条件句分为两类： 1).真实条件句（Sentences of Real Condition）：凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。例如： ⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。 (2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。） 2).虚拟条件句（Sentences of Unreal Condition）：当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。例如： ⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话，就去参加会议了。 ⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his ol d friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。 ⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.（如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。） 2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断 判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能

够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。 判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。 3、“后退一步法” 后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是： ①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。例： ⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out. 4、注意事项 ①if条件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，并使用倒装语序。 ②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。

虚拟语气超全知识总结

虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块 1.虚拟条件句 第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。 下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法： 通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。 如何“各自为政”呢？这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就

用过去完成式，而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设) 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 7. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. (从句是对现在的假设，主句是对将来的假设)

关于虚拟语气的完整用法

关于虚拟语气的完整用法

关于虚拟语气的完整用法 第一类 编辑 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法： 条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，此时主句不用虚拟语气；而虚拟条件句则表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生，此时用虚拟语气。如： If I have time，I will go. 假若我有时间，我就去。（陈述语气） If I were you，I would go. 假若我是你，我就去。（虚拟语气） 时态类型主句谓语形式 条件句的谓语 形式 例句 与现在事实相反would/should/could/might+ V 原形 动词过去式d id *be 多用wer e 1. If I were you, I should st udy English. 2. I would certainly go if I had time. 与过去事实相反would/should/could/might + h ave done 动词过去完成 式 had done 1. If you had taken my advi ce, you would not have fail ed in the test. 2. If I had left a little earlie r, I would have caught the t

rain. 与将来事实相反would/should/could/might + V 原形 ①动词过去式 ②should +V 原 ③were + to do 1.If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. ① 2. If it were to rain tomorro w, the meeting would be pu t off.③ *规律总结：从句都往过去推一个时态，如：与现在相反的if从句就用过去时；与过去相反用过去完成时（即过去的过去） 注：特别说明 1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后；would表示结果还表示过去经常常常做某事，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较： If you tried again ，you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。 (would表结果) If you tried again，you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。 (might表可能) If you tried again ，you could succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。(could表能力)

虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法总结

虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法先看一道高考题： ___ more attention ，the trees could have grown better ． A．Given B．To give C．Giving D ．Having given (答案是A ) 句中" ．．．the trees could have grown better" 是一个表达虚拟语气的句子。题中要求选择的是如何表达假设条件的形式。如果我们把这个句子用另一种形式"If they had been given more attentio n ，the trees could have grown better ．" 来表示，就不难理解了。很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式表达，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其它形式表达出来，我们称之为" 含蓄条件句" 。含蓄条件句主要通过名词、连接词、不定式、分词、动名词短语、介词短语及分句来暗示。这些表达形式在句中实际起着虚拟条件从句的作用。现分述如下：一、介词短语常用来表示虚拟条件的介词有with ，without ，in ，under ，but for 等等，它们表示的虚拟条件都可以被if 从句替换。 ( 1 ) without ，with without 表示否定的条件，意为if ．．．not ；with 与without 意义相反，表示肯定的条件。如： Without air , there would be no living things .(without air = if there were no air)没有空气，便没有生物。 With her help (= If I had her help )，I would do the experiment well ．假如有她帮助，我就可以把这个实验做好。 ( 2 ) under Under the leadership of a less experienced person ，the experiment would have failed ．( u nder ．．．= If there had been the leadership of a less experienced person )假设在一个缺 少经验的人领导下进行实验，实验准会失败。 (3 ) in I would have lost my head in that position ．( in that position = if I had been in that po sition )我处在那种情况下，是会丧失理智的。 ( 4 ) but for

虚拟语气用于条件状语从句

虚拟语气用于条件状语从句： 1.与过去事实做相反： If…+had+done…would(should.could.might.that) 2.与现在事实相反：If+did(be-were),,,,,would(同上)+do. 3.与将来事实相反：If+did(be-would),,,were do,,,should do,,,,would+do(同上) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句： 在表示，要求，命令类的动词后面的宾语从句中用（should）+do.如：advise,suggest,propose,request,insist.suggest作暗示表明时，insist作“坚决认为”时不用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气用于主语从句： 1.It is necessary(important, natural,strange,essential,etc)that sb (should)+do 2.It is /was suggested (desired,ordered,proposed,advised)that sb(should)+do 3.It is time sb+did.做，，，时候了。 4.虚拟语气用于if only 引导的感叹句中（要是，，，就 好了） 1.must+have+过去分词（用于肯定句）一定已经…….

2.can’t (couldn’t)+have +过去分词（用于否定或疑问句）不可能…. 3.should/ought to+have+过去分词。本来不应该（却做了）… 4.needn’t+have+过去分词（本不必做） 1. 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

高中英语破题致胜微方法(虚拟语气)虚拟语气之含蓄条件句

虚拟语气之含蓄条件句 “含蓄条件句”是指用介词短语的形式，起到代替条件句的作用。主句中的谓语动词仍可象虚拟条件句那样采用各种虚拟式。常使用的介词短语由but for, without构成。 一. 典型例句 1. Without air, human being would not be able to survive. = If there were no air, human being would not be able to survive. 如果没有空气，人类将无法生存。（与现在事实相反） 2. The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the caprain. =If it had not been the efforts of the caprain, the ship would have sunk with all on board. 要不是船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。（与过去事实相反） 注意： without, but for暗示了条件，所以相当于虚拟条件句中的从句，它们所在的句子主干相当于虚拟条件句中的主句，所以谓语动词的形式应该和虚拟条件句中的主句谓语动词形式相同。 二. 例题 1. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night _________, too cold for us to live. A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing cold C. can be freezing cold D. is freezing cold 2. But for the English examination, I ________________last Sunday. A.went to the concert B. would have gone to the concert C.would go to the concert D. had gone to the concert 三. 总结

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

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