医院各部门英语专业翻译
门诊部out-patient department
住院部In-patient department
护理部Nursing department
住院处Admission office
出院处Discharge office
挂号处Registration office
侯诊室Reception room, waiting room
诊察室Consultation room
隔离室Isolation room
分娩室Delivery room
急诊室Emergency room
病房室Ward
内科Department of internal medicine
外科Department of surgery
儿科Department of pediatrics
妇科Department of obstetrics and gynecology 神经科Department of neurology
眼科Department of ophtalmology
耳鼻喉科E.N.T.department
口腔科Department of stomatology
泌尿科Department of urology
骨科Department of orthopedic
创伤科Department of traumatology
内分泌科Department of endocrinology
麻醉科Department of anesthesiology
皮肤科Department of dermatology
传染病科Department of infectious diseases 病理科Department of pathology
精神科Department of psychiatry
矫形外科Department of orthopacdic surgery 心脏外科Department of cardiac surgery
脑外科Department of cerebral surgery
胸外科Department of thoracic surgery
药房Pharmacy dispensary
营养部Nutrition department
配膳室Diet-preparation department
治疗室Therapeutic department
手术室Operating room/Theater
血站Blood-bank
供应室Supply-room
消毒室Disinfection-room
换药室Dressing room
太平间Mortuary
病案室Record room
矫形外科Department of plastic surgery
理疗科Department of physiotherapy
电疗科electrotherapy room
光疗科heliotherapy room
蜡疗科wax-therapy room
水疗科hydrotherapy room
中心实验室central laboratory
临床实验室clinical laboratory
细菌实验室bacteriological laboratory
生化实验室biochemical laboratory
血清实验室serological laboratory
X光室X-ray room
医生办公室doctor’s office
护士办公室nurse’s off ice
公共空间大厅Hall
中药局Chinese Medicine Pharmacy
公用电话Public Telephone/Pay Phone/Telephone/Public Phone 日常生活训区Daily Activity Training
日间门诊Clinic Area
日间院Adult Day Care Center
日间照护Day Care Center
出院室Discharge Office
加护病房Intensive Care Unit(ICU)
打卡刷卡区Clock In / Out
民众意箱Suggestions
各科门诊Out-Patient Departments(OPD)
早产儿室Premature Babies
自动提款机ATM
住院室Admissions
佛堂Buddhist Prayer Room
吸烟区Smoking Area
志工服务台Volunteer Services
志工室Volunteers
衣室Dressing Room
巡箱Patrol Box
夜间门诊Evening Clinic
居家护Home Health Care
居家护室Home Health Care
服务台(询问处)Information
注射室Injections
治室Treatment Room
社福卫教室Social Work and Health Education
门诊大厅Outpatient Hall
门诊注射室Outpatient Injection
门诊部Out-patient
门诊满意调查回收意箱Suggestion Box
门诊检验OPD Laboratory
待产室Labor Room
急诊暂观察室ER Observation Room
恢室Recovery Room
候诊区Waiting Area
员工意箱Suggestions
晒衣场Clothes Drying
气喘卫教室Asthma Health Education Room
消毒室Sterilization
消毒锅区Equipment Sterilization
病房Ward
病毒室Viral Laboratory
健儿门诊Well Baby Clinic
公共空间健保卡换卡服务中心National Health Insurance Card Renewal 健检中心Physical Examination Center
健检室Physical Examination
产後妇中心Postpartum Care Center
产後护之家Postpartum Care
发烧筛检站Fever Clinic
诊室Consulting Room
新生儿病房Neonatal Ward
隔检疫舍Quarantine House
团体治室Group Therapy
语言治室Speech Therapy
药处Medicine Receiving
卫教公布Health Education Bulletin Board
卫教室Health Education Office
婴儿室Baby Room
检查室Examination Room
总层引Floor Plan
转诊中心Referral Center
药物谘询Drug Information
药库Drug Storage
护之家Nursing Home
台Terrace
接待,服务及休闲区水间Kitchen / Drinking water / Hot Water 饮水机Drinking Fountain
配膳间Meal Checking
发厅Barbershop
美发(容)院Beauty Salon
商店街Shopping Arcade
员工餐厅Staff Restaurant / Cafeteria
餐厅Restaurant
西餐厅Western Restaurant
贵宾室Guest Room / Reception
会客室Reception Room
休息室Lounge
家属休息室Lounge
图书室Library
阅览室Reading Room
放映室Projection Room
影印室Copy Room
育婴室Nursery Room / Mother and Baby Room
哺乳室Nursery Room
值班室Duty Room
驻警室Security
警卫室Security Room
接待,服务及休闲区停管中心Parking Service Center
调室Dispatch Room
司机室/司机调室Drivers‘ Lounge
值日室Duty Room
值班休息室Duty Office
医师休息室Physicians‘ Lounge
宿舍Dormitory
儿童游戏场Recreation Area
医器材贩卖部Medical Supply Dispensary
爱心椅Courtesy Wheelchairs
椅借用区Movable Beds
政单位人资源部Human Resources Department
人事室Personnel Office
人事组Personnel Section
人事处Department of Personnel
公安室Industrial Safety Office
工务科Maintenance
公关室Public Relations Room (Office)
文卷室Documentation and Archives Office
主计室Comptroller Office
出纳室Cashier
出纳课Cashier Section
民诊处Civilian Administration Division
企划室Strategy Planning Office
企划组Planning Section
企划组Planning and Management Section
企划管部Planning and Management Division
安全卫生室Labor Safety and Hygiene
成本执组Cost Management Section
收发室Mail Room
政副院长室Administrative Deputy Superintendent 政管中心Administration
住/出/转院Admission/Discharge/Transfer
住院病组Inpatient Records Unit
兵役复检室Military Service Examination
批价柜台Cashier
系统组System Engineering Section
防台中心Typhoon Emergency Center
社会服务室Social Worker Room
社区副院长室Community Deputy Superintendent 社会服务科Social Service Section
门诊病组Outpatient Records Unit
保险作业组Insurance Declaration Section
急诊批价ER Cashier
科主任办公室Dept. Chief Office
政单位疾病分析组Diseases Classification Unit
病室/组Medical Records Room/Unit/Section
门诊组Outpatient Unit/Section
住院组Inpatient Admissions
秘书室Administration Office
院长室Superintendent
挂号柜台Registration
采购组Procurement Section
教学组Teaching Section
工安全卫生室Occupational Safety Office
安室Work Safety Office
安课Labor Safety Section
程式组Application Programming Section
勤务中心Service Office
感染控制委员会Infection Control Commission 会计室Accounting Office
会计组Accounting Section
资讯管部Information Management Division 稽核组Auditing Section
卫材供应组Medical Supply Section
档案室Archives
营养部Food & Nutrition Department
总务室General Affairs Office
总务组General Affairs Section
医品组Quality Assurance Section
医勤组Medical Service Section
医学工程室Medical Engineering Office
医副院长室Medical Deputy Superintendent 药剂科主任室Pharmacy Chief
床科部中医科Chinese Medicine
中医科-内科Chinese Internal Medicine
中医科-针灸科Chinese Acupuncture
小儿科Pediatrics
小儿科-心脏Pediatric Cardiology
小儿科-外科Pediatric Surgery
小儿科-心肺Pediatric Cardiopulmonary
小儿科-感染Pediatric Infectious Diseases
小儿科-胃肠Pediatric Gastroenterology
小儿科-眼科Pediatric Ophthalmology
小儿科-神经科Pediatric Neurology
小儿科-遗传科Pediatric Genetics
小儿科-预防注射Pediatric Vaccinations
床科部小儿科-一般门诊Pediatrics
小儿科-青少门诊Adolescent Health
小儿科-过敏免疫风湿科Pediatric Allergy Immunology
小儿科-血液肿瘤科Pediatric Hematology & Oncology
小儿科- 科Pediatric Urology
小儿科-内分科Pediatric Endocrinology
小儿科-重症医学科Pediatric Intensive Care
新生儿科加护病房Newborn ICU
小儿加护病房Pediatric ICU
儿童急救加护医学科Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 小儿心肺功能室Pediatric PFT
优生保健科Perinatal Genetics
内科Internal Medicine
内科-一般门诊Internal Medicine:General
内科-日间化学治Day Chemotherapy
内科-胃肠科Gastroenterology
内科-胸腔科Pulmonary Medicine
内科-肾脏科Nephrology
内科-内分科Endocrinology
内科-内分暨代谢科Endocrinology and Metabolism
内科-心脏(血管)内科Cardiology Dept.
内科-血液肿瘤科Hematology and Oncology
内科- 人医学门诊Geriatrics
内科-过敏免疫风湿科Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
内科-神经Neurology
内科加护病房MICU
内科-肝胆胰内Hepatic-biliary-pancreatic Medicine 内科-感染科Infectious Disease
牙科Dentistry(Dental)Dept.
家庭牙医科Family Dentistry
牙科-特别门诊Dental Specialty Clinic
牙科一般门诊(初诊)Dental Clinic-Initial Visit
牙科复诊(约诊)Dental Clinic-Appointment Only
口腔颚面外科Oral Maxillo-facial Surgery
口腔病诊断科Oral Pathology
齿颚矫正科Orthodontics
儿童牙科Pediatric Dentistry
牙周病科Periodontics
补缀科Prosthodontics
外科Surgery
外科-小儿Pediatric Surgery
外科-骨科Orthopedics
外科-神经Neurosurgery
外科-手外科Hand Surgery
外科-消化系Gastrointestinal Surgery
外科-一般门诊Surgery-General Clinic
床科部外科-大肠直肠Colo-rectal Surgery
外科-整形Plastic Surgery
外科-甲腺乳腺Thyroid and Breast Surgery
外科-乳房Breast Surgery Clinic
外科-心脏Cardiac Surgery
外科-心脏血管Cardiovascular Surgery
外科-胸腔Thoracic Surgery
外科-美容外科Cosmetic Surgery
外科-肝胆Hepatic Surgery
外科-肝胆胰外Hepatic-biliary-pancreatic Surgery
外科-重建整形Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
外科-胃肠及一般Gastroenterology & General Surgery 骨外伤科Orthopedic Traumatology
外科加护病房Surgery ICU
皮肤科Dermatology
皮肤科-一般门诊Dermatology-General Clinic
皮肤科-职业性皮肤病Occupational Dermatology
耳鼻喉科ENT Dept.(Otolaryngology)
耳鼻喉科-一般门诊General ENT Clinic
耳鼻喉科-门诊小手术Minor Surgery
耳鼻喉科-鼻窦内视镜门诊Sinus Endoscopy
科Urology
科-一般门诊Urology-General Clinic
科- 性失禁Incontinence Clinic
科-男性不孕症Male Infertility Clinic
科-性功能障碍Sexual Dysfunction Clinic
孕症学科Infertility
妇产科Obstetrics and Gynecology
妇产科- 孕症Infertility Clinic
妇产科-子宫颈癌Cervical Carcinoma Clinic
妇产科-羊水穿Amniocentesis
妇产科-妇科肿瘤Gynecological Oncology
妇产科-子宫颈病变Cervical Dysphasia Clinic
妇产科-妇期Menopause Clinic
妇产科-快速子宫颈抹片Express Smear Service
妇产科-抹片及乳房检查Pap Smear
妇癌科Gynecologic Oncology
妇科学科Gynecology Urology
眼科Ophthalmology
眼科-青光眼Glaucoma Clinic
眼科-斜弱视Strabismus and Amblyopia
眼科-视网膜Retina Section
眼科-一般门诊Optometry-General Clinic
眼科-兵役检查Military Service Eye Exam
眼科-配光检查Optometry
眼科-视保健Vision Protection Clinic
床科部眼科-萤光摄影Fluorescent Photography
眼科射Ophthalmologic Laser Therapy
精神科Psychiatry
精神科-身心内科Psychosomatic Clinic
精神科-焦虑忧郁失眠门诊Anxiety and Insomnia Clinic
精神科-癌症团体心治Group Cancer Therapy
精神科-儿童青少特别门诊(限18岁以下) Youth Psychiatry 放射线科Radiology
核医科Nuclear Medicine
疼痛科Pain Management
麻醉科Anesthesiology(Anesthesia) Dept.
健科Rehabilitation
解剖病科Anatomical Pathology
预防注射科Prophylactic Immunization
病科Pathology
青少谘询特别门诊Juvenile Psychiatry Department
肿瘤科Oncology
神经内科Neurology
神经外科Neurosurgery
家庭医学科Family Medicine
社区医学部Community Medicine
心血管加护病房Cardiac CU(CCU)
心血管中心Cardiovascular Center
心脏血管外科加护病房Cardiovascular Surgery ICU 急诊Emergency Dept.
急诊医学科Emergency Medicine
内视镜科Endoscopy Section
血液透析Hemodialysis
肝胆科Hepatology
高危险妊娠症学科High-risk Pregnancy
安护Hospice Center
职业病科Occupational Medicine
放射肿瘤科Radiation Oncology
保健科Preventive Medicine
运动医学科Sport Medicine
肺结核加护病房TBICU
外伤加护病房Trauma ICU
健康检查中心Health Evaluation Center
脑血管中心Cerebral Vascular Clinic
神经医学中心Brain Center
烧伤中心Burn Center
癌症中心Cancer center
癌症防治中心Cancer Control and Prevention Center 高压氧治中心Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Center 肥胖防治中心Weight Reducing
床科部洗肾中心Hemodialysis Center
医学美容中心Medical Cosmetic Center
医学影像中心Medical Image Center
运动健中心Rehabilitation-Exercise Center
病人保健推广中心Diabetic Center
中西合作医中心Chinese-Western Cooperative Treatment Center 社区护Home Care
护之家Nursing Home
护部Nursing Dept. / Nursing Department
护长室Head Nurse
医技术CT登记处CT Admission
X光摄影室(借片室)X-ray Room
孕症谘询室Infertility Consultation Room
内分检查室Endocrine Examination Room
内科诊查室Internal Medicine Clinic
内视镜室Endoscopy
化学治Chemo-Therapy
心电图室EKG
心导管室Cardiac Catheterization Room
心脏血管中心Cardiovascular Center
心脏血管检查室Cardiovascular Examinations
心脏超音波Heart Echo
水室Hydrotherapeutics
生化实验室Biochemical Lab
生检查科Physiological Exam
皮肤病诊断中心Dermological Pathological Center
石膏室Plaster Room
光子刀治中心Photon Knife Center
多功能超音波室Multi-Function Echo Room
肌电图室EMG
血库Blood Bank
血液肿瘤科Hematology
血清免疫学实验室Immu-serological Lab
血管功能检查室Vascular Function Test
血管摄影室Cardiac Angiography
动检查室Urokinetic Exam. Room
技术室Technical Support Division
乳房超音波Breast Echo
乳房摄影室Mammography
儿童治室Pediatric Therapy Room
儿童物治室Pediatric Physical Therapy
儿童职能治室Pediatric Occupational Therapy
呼吸治Respiratory Therapy
放射免疫分析室Radioimmunoassay Unit
放射科登记室Radiology Registration
医技术放射线治科Radiotherapy
科微波热室Genitouro Urologic
超音波Urology Echo
物治Physical Therapy
物职能治室Occupational and Physical Therapy 肺功能PFT
肺功能室Pulmonary Function Testing
门诊检验Oupatient Check-UPS
门诊体检Physical Check-Ups
急诊X光室ER X-Ray Room
胃镜室Endoscopy Room
胎儿影像中心3D Live Image Center
气管镜室Bronchoscopy Room
特殊检查室Special Examination
胸部超音波Chest Echo
闪烁摄影室Diagnostic Imaging Unit
骨质密检查室Bone Density
骨骼肌肉超音波室Echo for Skeletal Muscles
采室Urine Collection Room
产房Delivery Room
细胞遗传室Cytogenetics
细菌研究室Bacterial Laboratory
麻醉科实验室Anesthesiology Laboratory
健科治室Rehabilitation Therapy
紫外线光室Ultraviolet Therapy
肾功能室Renal Function
肾脏超音波Renal Echo
视检查室Check-up for Eye Sight
周边血管室Peripheral Vascular Examination
微生物实验室Microbiological Lab
新生儿观察室Observation Room-New Born Babies 眩检查室Vertigo Test
准分子射室Laser Treatment
腹部超音波Abdominal echo
腹膜透析室CAPD
脑波室EEG Unit
解剖病科实验室Anatomical Pathology Laboratory 运动治室Therapeutic Exercise Room
射治室Laser Therapy
电脑断层摄影室CT Scan Unit
电室Electrotherapy Room
磁振造影扫描室MRI Unit
膀胱功能室Bladder Function Test
膀胱镜室Cystoscopy Room
语言治Speech Therapy
器官移植Organization Transplantation
医技术检伤分Triage
检验室Laboratory
检验科Laboratory Medicine
检体收发室Specimen Collection
检体受紧急报告取Emergency Procedure
检体处室Lab Samples
营养室Nutrition Dept.
床病室Clinical Pathology
职能治Occupational Therapy
医务室(医站)Clinic
药剂科(药局)Pharmacy
摄影室Digital Image
听检查室Hearing Exam. Room
体外震波碎石机Lithotripsy
机械及电器场所总机Phone Operator‘s Room
库房/储藏室/材库Storeroom / Storage
卸货区Loading Area
变电室Transformer Room / Substation /Power Room 变电站Power Sub-station
电气室Electrical Control Room / Electric Room
配电室Electrical Distribution Facilities
中控室Central Control Room
中央控制室Control Center
能源设施部Power Supply Division
机械室Machine Room
工具间Tool Room
电脑机房Computer Facilities
资讯室机房Data Processing
发电机房Generators
空调机房Air Conditioning Facilities
空调机械室Air Conditioning Facilities / Air-con Plant 紧急出口/安全门Emergency Exit
安全门Exit
避难方向Evacuation Route
灭火器Fire Extinguisher
缓机/缓梯Escape Sling
消防箱Fire Hose/Hydrant
逃生梯Emergency Ladder
通报设备Alert Facilities
紧急照明Emergency Light
消防设备/消防栓Hydrant
紧急电源Emergency Power
紧急避难梯Emergency Ladder / Emergency Staircase 防空避难处Air-raid Shelter
会议场所及教室会议室Conference Room
简报室Briefing Room
讨室Meeting Room / Seminar Room
阅览室Reading Room
研讨室Meeting Room,Seminar Room
医师研究室Physicians‘ Office
医师讨室Physicians‘ Meeting Room
研究室Study Room
音控室Audio Contral Room
演讲厅(大堂)Auditorium
演讲室Lecture Room
国际会议厅Conference Hall
第一会议室Conference Room I
第二会议室Conference Room II
会议室及图书室Conference Room and Library
盥洗场所化妆室/ 厕所Women‘s Restroom / Ladies‘ Restroom 男化妆室/男厕所Men‘s Restroom / Gentlemen‘s Restroom
洗手间/盥洗室Restroom
身心障碍专用厕所Disabled Restroom
浴室Shower
储藏及仓库中央供应室Central Supply Center
中央库房Central Storage
供应室Supply Room
清洁工具室Janitors Room
急诊清洁室ER Janitor
洗衣房Laundry
汅物间Soiled Materials
清洁班Cleaning Crew
告示或警告标示施工中Under Construction
禁止吸烟No Smoking
禁止饮食No Food or Drink
禁食槟榔Chewing betel nut is prohibited
禁止携带物No Pets
严禁烟火No Open Flames
请勿(禁止)进入No Entry
闲人勿进Authorized Personnel Only
节约用水Please Conserve Water
请勿攀爬No Climbing
请用雨伞套Please Use Plastic Umbrella Cover
随手关门Keep Closed
随手关灯Turn Off Lights When Leaving
高压危险,有电勿靠近Keep Clear-High Voltage
电器设备,严禁擅入Do not enter!Power Equipment
告示或警告标示请取号码牌,静候叫号时迳往挂
号处挂号
Take a number. Go to counter when number is called.
防火门火警时随手关门Fire Escape-Please Keep Closed
避难出口高逃生缓机Emergency Exit & Escape Sling
紧急疏散方向图Evacuation Plan
禁止将投手伸出扶梯外Please do not stretch out your hand or head
您的位置You are here
电梯内请勿交谈,请戴口罩Do not talk in elevator,Please put on respirator
严禁工作人员戴手套触摸按钮Employee, pushing buttom with your grove on is prohibited
资源回收及垃圾资源回收/垃圾分Recycling
塑胶Plastic
垃圾桶Trash
垃圾处室Disposal Area
特殊空间太平间Morgue
其它药物医药分业谘询专线Medical and Pharmaceutical Consultation Inquiries 申诉案件及政革新专线Citizens‘ Hotline
身体健康检查谘询预约服务专线Physical Examination
出入口及专用道请勿停No Parking
请勿暂停No Standing
身心障碍专用坡道Disabled Ramp
入口Entrance
出口Exit / Way Out(标示於地面)
遵方向This Way
汽出入口Vehicles Exiting
入口道Parking Entrance
位已满请勿进入No Vacancy
限高Max Headroom
汽车专业英语翻译综合
第一章汽车总论 1)Today’s average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment 。P1 现在的车辆一般都由15000多个分散、独立且相互配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分为四类：车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。 2)The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine). Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the power train. P3 发动机作为动力设备，常见的类型是内燃机，其原理是通过发动机缸内的液体燃料燃烧而产生能量。发动机可分为两类：汽油机（点燃式）和柴油机（压燃式），都属于热力发动机。燃料燃烧产生热量使缸内气压上升，产生的能量驱动轴旋转，并传递给动力传动系。 第二章内燃机 1)Power train system: conveys the drive to the wheels 2)Steering system: controls the direction of movement 3)Suspension system: absorbs the road shocks 4)Braking system: slows down the vehicle P4 传动系把发动机输出的扭矩传递给驱动轮。传动系包括离合器（对应机械变速器）或液力变矩器（对应液力自动变速器）、变速器、驱动轴、主减速器、差速器和驱动桥。 5)Drum brakes have a drum attached to the wheel hub, and braking occurs by means of brake shoes expanding against the inside of the drum. With disc brakes, a disc attached to the wheel hub is clenched between two brake pads. P6 鼓式制动器的制动鼓和轮毂连接，制动蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。在盘式制动器上，连着轮毂的制动盘被紧紧夹在两个制动块之间。 1)Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn.The power stroke"uses up"the gas,so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture:this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves;An inlet valve allows the mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job . P10 活塞通过连杆和曲轴连接，使得气体带动曲轴旋转半圈。作功冲程耗尽了所有的气体，这样就必须采取相应的措施排出废气并且向气缸内充入新的可燃混合气：气体的运动由气门来控制。进气门使可燃混合气在恰当的时刻进入气缸，排气门使燃烧后的废气排出气缸。 2)The spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustion engine with externally supplied in ignition,which converts the energy cntained in the fuel to kinetic energy.The cycle of operations is spread over four piston strokes. To complete the full cycle it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft. P11 火花点火式发动机是由外部提供点火的内燃机，从而将含在燃料内的能量转化成动能。发动机的一个工作循环分布在活塞的四个行程中，一个完整的工作循环曲轴需要转动两圈。 3)The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus,there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine. P15
(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案
Chapter 1 Passage 1 Human Body In this passage you will learn: 1. Classification of organ systems 2. Structure and function of each organ system 3. Associated medical terms To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc. 了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。 Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article. 解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。 The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made. 骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用，并牵动骨胳肌，引起各种运动。人体有206根骨头。骨形态不一，有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。许多长骨里有一个内层间隙，里面充填着骨髓，这即是血细胞的制造场所。 A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints. 关节把骨与骨连接起来。颅骨不能运动，是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。但其它的关节可允许活动，如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动，如肘关节；或是绕轴心旋转运动，如枢轴点允许头部转动。如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里，大辐度的运动（如肩关节、髋关节）即成为可能。 Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult. 软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来，也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成，然后不断生长、
汽车专业英语翻译
Unit1 发动机是汽车的心脏。汽车引擎的目的是将燃料转化为能量使汽车移动。最简单的方法是在发动机内部燃烧燃料。,因此,汽车发动机是一种内燃机,缸内燃烧燃料和燃烧的扩张力量转换成旋转力用来驱动汽车。 这里有多种类型的内燃机分为往复式和旋转式引擎;火花式点火或压缩式点火发动机;代用燃料发动机。 往复式发动机 最熟悉的组合是往复式,火花点火,四冲程汽油发动机,如图1-1a所示。现代汽车通常是由水冷活塞式内燃机,安装在汽车的前面,它的力量可以被传送到前轮，传到后轮,或所有车轮轮。一些汽车使用风冷式发动机,但这些通常效率不及液冷式。往复式发动机的另一个主要类型是柴油发动机(如图果1-1b所示),这是使用重型车辆，如卡车，公共汽车和少数家庭轿车。柴油和汽油发动机一般采用四冲程循环。 转子式发动机 转子式内发动机,也叫汪克尔发动机,由德国的Felix~Wankel在1954年开发的,可以提供一种低废气排放和大规模生产的可行性的发动机来替代往复式发动机机。在这种发动机中，三面转子在燃烧室的自由空间内旋转使其随着转子转动压缩和膨胀,见图1 - 2。燃料被吸入、压缩和被点火系统的点燃。膨胀的气体带动转子然后废气排出,如图1 - 3所示。旋转式引擎没有气门,活塞,连杆,往复部件,或曲轴。它提高了马力,基本上不会有震动,但它的油耗是高于传统活塞式发动机。 代用燃料汽车 内燃机消耗大量的石油,并造成严重的空气污染,因此,其他类型的燃料和非常规引擎被研究和发展。 可替代燃料汽车(AFV)是一种用常见的油箱的柔性燃料车辆，设计一种在不同混合的无铅汽油与乙醇或双燃料汽车运行，一种可使用替代燃料和传统燃料。一种高科技车辆(A TV)结合了新引擎,动力传动机构,传动系系统显著提高燃油经济性。最理想的替代燃料发动机燃烧燃料比传统汽油内燃机更为简洁,但仍然能够使用现有的加油站。 混合动力电动车 混合动力汽车或者混合电动汽车(HEV)(如图1 - 4所示),是由两个或两个以上的能源,其中之一是电力可以高英里每加仑，低排放。有两种类型的混合动力汽车,串联和并联式。在串联式电动汽车中,车辆动力所有动力来自同一个源头。例如,一个电动马达驱动的汽车电池和内燃机驱动发电机给电池充电。在并联混合动力,电力是通过这两个路径,电动机和内燃机驱动车辆。这一点,可能有助于电力汽车的电动发动机空转和加速度。内燃机巡航时,驱动传动系和给电池充电。 在当前生产混合动力车发动机和电动马达连接,同样的传播协助下电动引擎可以更小。
《自动化专业英语》中英文翻译-中文部分
第二部分 控制理论 第1章 1.1控制系统的引入 人类控制自然力量的设计促进人类历史的发展,我们已经广泛的能利用这种量进行在人类本身力量之外的物理进程?在充满活力的20世纪中,控制系统工程的发展已经使得很多梦想成为了现实?控制系统工程队我们取得的成就贡献巨大?回首过去,控制系统工程主要的贡献在机器人,航天驾驶系统包括成功的实现航天器的软着陆,航空飞机自动驾驶与自动控制,船舶与潜水艇控制系统,水翼船?气垫船?高速铁路自动控制系统,现代铁路控制系统? 以上这些类型的控制控制系统和日常生活联系紧密,控制系统是一系列相关的原件在系统运行的基础上相互关联的构成的,此外控制系统存在无人状态下的运行,如飞机自控驾驶,汽车的巡航控制系统?对于控制系统,特别是工业控制系统,我们通常面对的是一系列的器件,自动控制是一个复合型的学科?控制工程师的工作需要具有力学,电子学,机械电子,流体力学,结构学,无料的各方面的知识?计算机在控制策略的执行中具有广泛的应用,并且控制工程的需求带动了信息技术的与软件工程的发展? 通常控制系统的范畴包括开环控制系统与闭环控制系统,两种系统的区别在于是否在系统中加入了闭环反馈装置? 开环控制系统 开环控制系统控制硬件形式很简单,图2.1描述了一个单容液位控制系统, 图2.1单容液位控制系统 我们的控制目标是保持容器的液位h 在水流出流量V 1变化的情况下保持在一定 可接受的范围内,可以通过调节入口流量V 2实现?这个系统不是精确的系统,本系 统无法精确地检测输出流量V 2,输入流量V 1以及容器液位高度?图2.2描述了这 个系统存在的输入(期望的液位)与输出(实际液位)之间的简单关系, 图2.2液位控制系统框图 这种信号流之间的物理关系的描述称为框图?箭头用来描述输入进入系统,以及
汽车专业英语翻译
About car engine Of all automobile components,an automobile engie is the most complicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an autombile.So, the engine is generally called the"heat"of an automobile. 在汽车的所有部件中，汽车发动机是最复杂的组件，其对整车性能有着决定性的作用。因而发动机往往被称作发动机的“心脏”。 There are actually various types of engines such as electric motors,stream engines,andinternal combustion engines.The internal combustion engines seem to have almost complete dominance of the automotive field.The internal combustion engine,as its name indicates,burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. 事实上，按动力来源分发动机有很多种，如电动机、蒸汽机、外燃机等。然而内燃机似乎在发动机领域有着绝对的统治地位。就像其字面意思一样，内燃机的染料在气缸内燃烧，通过将燃烧产生气体的膨胀力转换成转动力来驱动发动机前进。 Engine is the power source of the automobile.Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder.However,this linear motion must be changed into rotary motion to turn the wheels of cars or trucks.The puston attached to the top of a connecting rod by a pin,called a piston pin or wrist pin.The bottom of the connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft.The connecting rod transmits the up-and-down motion of the piston to the crankshaft,which changes it into rotary motion.The connecting rod is mounted on the crankshaft with large bearings called rod bearing.Similar bearings, called main bearings,are used to mount the crankshaft in the block. 发动机是整部车的动力来源。能量来自于活塞在气缸内的（往复）直线运动。然而这种（往复）直线运动必须要转换成旋转运动才能驱动车轮。活塞与连杆通过一个销来连接，这个销称为活塞销。连杆的下部连接于曲拐。连杆把活塞的上下往复运动传递给曲拐，从而将往复直线运动转变成旋转运动。连杆和曲拐的连接使用大的轴承，称之为连杆轴承，类似的轴承也用于将曲轴连接到机体，称之为主轴承。 They are generally two different types of cooling system:water-cooling system and air-cooling system.Water-cooling system is more common.The cooling medium, or coolant, in them is either water or some low-freezing liquid, called antifreeze.A water-cooling system consists of the engine water jacket, thermostat, water pump, radiator, radiator cap, fan, fan drive belt and neccessary hoses. 主要有两种类型的冷却系统：水冷和风冷。水冷系统更为普遍。系统所用冷却介质或是冷却液常委水或其他低凝固点液体，称为抗凝剂。一个完整的水冷系统包括机体水套，节温器，水泵，散热器，散热器罩，风扇，风扇驱动皮带和必需的水管。 A water-cooling system means that water is used as a cooling agent to circulate through the engine to absorb the heat and carry it to the radiator for disposal.The ebgine is cooled mainly through heat transfer and heat dissipation.The heat generated by the mixture burned in the engine must be transferred from the iron or aluminum cylinder to the waterin the water jacket.The outside of the water jacket dissipates some of the heat to the air surrounding it, but most of the heat is carried by the cooling water to the radiator for dissipation.When the coolant temperature in the system reaches 90°,the termostat valve open fully, its slanted edge shutting off
测绘专业英语原文和部分翻译(1-39)
Table of Contents Uuit 1 What is Geomatics? （什么是测绘学） (2) Unit 2 Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying（大地测量与平面测量） (6) Unit 3 Distance Measurement（距离测量） (10) Unit 4 Angle and Direction Measurement（角度和方向测量） (14) Unit 5 Traversing （导线测量） (17) Unit 6 Methods of Elevation Determination（高程测量方法） (21) Unit 7 Robotic Total Station （智能型全站仪） (25) Unit 8 Errors in Measurement（测量工作中的误差） (29) Unit 9 Basic Statistical Analysis of Random Errors (32) Unit 10 Accuracy and Precision （准确度和精度） (35) Unit 11 Least-Squares Adjustment (38) Unit 12 Geodesy Concepts (40) Unit 13 Geoid and Reference Ellipsoid (42) Unit 14 Datums, Coordinates and Conversions (44) Unit 15 Map Projection (46) Unit 16 Gravity Measurment (48) Unit 17 Optimal Design of Geomatics Network (50) Unit 18 Construction Layout （施工放样） (53) Unit 19 Deformation Monitoring of Engineering Struvture (56) Unit 20 Understan ding the GPS（认识GPS） (59) Uuit 21 Understanding the GPS (II) 认识GPS(II) (62) Unit 22 Competition in Space Orbit（太空轨道上的竞争） (64) Unit 23 GIS Basics（GIS 的基础） (69) Unit 24 Data Types and Models in GIS GIS中的数据类型和模型 (75) Unit 25 Digital Terrain Modeling（数字地面模型） (79) Unit 26 Applications of GIS (83) Unit 27 Developments of photogrammetry (87) Unit 28 Fundamentals of Remote Sensing （遥感的基础） (90) Unit 29 Digital Image Processing and Its Applications in RS (94) Unit 30 Airborne Laser Mapping Technology（机载激光测图技术） (99) Unit 31 Interferometric SAR(InSAR) (102) Unit 32 Brief Introduction toApplied Geophysics (104) Unit 33 Origon of Induced Polarization (105) Unit 34 International Geoscience Organization (108) Unit 35 Prestigious Journals in Geomatics (110) Unit 36 Relevant Surveying Instrument Companies (115) Unit 37 Expression of Simple Equations and Scientific Formulsa (116) Unit 38 Professional English Paper Writing (119) Unit 39 Translation Techniques for EST (127)
汽车专业英语_单词表
unit1 body 车身chassis 底盘enclosure外壳、套hood车棚、车顶sway 摇摆frame车架steering转向、操作brake 制动weld焊接rivet铆钉bolt螺钉washer垫圈vibration 振动stabilizer稳定器ride乘坐舒适性handling操作稳定性linkages转向传动机构plier钳子distributor分电器alternator交流发电机regulator调节器carburetor化油器radiator散热器、水箱defroster除冰装置sludge金属碎屑transmission变速器differential 差速器power train 传动系unitized body 承载式车身suspension system 悬架系统steering system 转向系braking system 制动系shock absorbers减震器control arms控制臂steering wheel 转向盘steering column转向管柱steering gears 转向器tie rod 横拉杆idler arm随动臂brake shoe制动蹄disc brake 盘式制动器drum brakes 鼓式制动器ignition system 点火系统exhaust system 排气系统lubrication system 润滑系oil filters 机油滤清器drive（or propeller）shaft传动轴universal joints 万向节dynamo发电机horn喇叭swived 旋转steering box转向器timing gear 正时齿轮bevel gear 锥齿轮mesh with与啮合leaf spring 钢板弹簧stub axle 转向节 unit2 longitudinal纵向的transverse横向的reciprocate往复spin旋转piston活塞ignite点火rub摩擦quart夸脱reservoir油箱mechanical机械的enclosed被附上的gallon加仑stroke冲程camshaft凸轮轴combustion燃烧disengaged脱离啮合的flywheel飞轮internal-combustion engine内燃机diesel-fuel柴油LPG=Liquefied Petroleum Gas液化石油气体CNG=Compressed natural gas压缩天然气spark ignition火花点火compression ignition压缩点火spark plug火花塞gas-turbine engine蒸汽机Stirling engine斯特灵发动机lubricating system润滑系统oil pan油底壳oil pump机油泵exhaust system排气系统emission-control system排放控制系统energy conversion能量转换air/fuel ratio空燃比connecting rod连杆TDC=Top Dead Center上止点BDC=Bottom Dead Center 下止点intake stroke进气冲程compression stroke压缩冲程power stroke作功冲程exhaust stroke排气冲程compression ratio压缩比lifter挺柱rocker摇臂retainer弹簧座seal密封件tappet 推杆lobe凸起gasket垫圈valve train配气机构cam follower气门挺柱rocker arm摇臂combustion chamber燃烧室intake valve进气阀exhaust valve排气阀valve stem气门杆valve cover气门室盖valve port阀口valve guide气门导管 unit3
英语翻译课件
1、Brief History 中国翻译的四大高潮 ?1、汉唐时期的佛经翻译 ?2、明清时期的西方近代科学的翻译 ?3、五·四时期的西方人文科学的翻译 ?4、建国以后，尤其是改革开放以来，对西方的全面译介 2、The standard of translation ?Faithfulness（信）Expressiveness （达）Elegance （雅） Faithfulness（信） ?the meaning in the target language should be faithful to the meaning of the original Expressiveness （达） ?the requirement of intelligibility(可理解性) of the target language text, the translated text should be in accordance with the language rules of the target language Elegance （雅） ?requires a translation to be esthetically pleasing From there I could see the whole valley below, the fields, the river, and the village. It was all very beautiful, and the sight of it filled me with longing. ?从那里，我可以看见下面的整个山谷，那田野、河流和村庄。这一切非常美丽，见到后使我心里充满了渴望。 ?从这里望下去，整个山谷一览无遗，只见那田野、河流和村庄，全都美不胜收，真叫我心驰神往。 ?忠实通顺 直译vs.意译 ?统一、结合举例： ?1.It’ s a Smoke Free Area. ?直译:它是个自由吸烟区。（×） ?意译:它是个无烟区。 ?2 .Shakespeare put his hometown on the map. ?直译:莎士比亚把他的家乡放在了地图上。（×） ?意译:莎土比亚使他的家乡声名远扬。 ?3. He is a rough-and-ready character. ?直译:他是个粗兽并有准备的人。（×） ?意译:他是个粗鲁但尚能顶用的人。 ?4 .Frank ran circles around the other boys on the basketball team. ?直译:弗兰克绕着篮球队的其他男孩儿转圈。（×） ?意译:在篮球队里弗兰克的技术最好。 ?5 .On a rainy day the children sometimes ran their mother ragged. ?直译:在雨天，孩子们有时候把他们的母亲跑得衣衫槛楼。（×） 意译:在雨天，孩子们有时候把他们的母亲闹得筋疲力尽。 ? 6 .The teacher sat on his student as soon as he began showing off. 直译:学生一开始炫耀，老师就坐在了他的身上。 意译:学生一开始炫耀就被老师打断了。 ?7. My father was a loyal member of his party and always voted the straight ticket. ?直译:我爸爸忠于他的党派，而且总是直接投票。（×） ?意译:我爸爸忠于他的党派，而且总是把票投给他那个党派的候选人。 3、Scope of translation ?In terms of language ?Native languages into foreign languages ?Foreign languages into native languages
汽车专业英语翻译
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 引擎燃烧室 1. principle of operation 原理 Engine and power : Engine is used to produce power. The chemical energy in fuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate. This process is called combustion. If engine combustion occurs with the power chamber. ,the engine is called internal combustion engine. If combustion takes place outside the cylinder, the engine is called an external combustion engine. Engine used in automobiles are internal combustion heat engines. Heat energy released in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the combustion gases with the chamber. The increase in gas temperature causes the pressure of the gases to increase. The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to produce a usable mechanical force, which is then converted into useful mechanical power. 译: 引擎和能量: 引擎为汽车提供能量，燃料的化学能通过燃烧，转化为热能，这个过程叫燃烧。假如燃烧在燃烧室，这样的发动机叫内燃机。假如燃烧在气缸外，这样的发动机叫外燃机。 用在汽车上的一般是内燃机，热能在燃烧室释放，燃烧室气体温度升高。气体温度的升高使气体的压力曾加，燃烧室内的高压气体作用在活塞头部产生可以利用的化学能，化学能转化为机械能。 Engine T erms : Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke “uses up” the gas , so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture :this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves ;an inlet valve allows the new mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job. Engine terms are : TDC(Top Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft. BDC(Bottom Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft. Stroke : the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. Bore : the internal diameter of the cylinder. Swept volume : the volume between TDC and BDC Engine capacity : this is the swept volume of all the cylinder e.g. a four-stroke having a capacity of two liters(2000cm) has a cylinder swept volume of 50cm. Clearance volume: the volume of the space above the piston when it is at TDC. Compression ratio = (swept vol + clearance vol)\(clearance vol) Two-stroke : a power stroke every revolution of the crank.
力学专业英语部分翻译 孟庆元
1、应力和应变 应力和应变的概念可以通过考虑一个棱柱形杆的拉伸这样一个简单的方式来说明。一个棱柱形的杆是一个遍及它的长度方向和直轴都是恒定的横截面。在这个实例中，假设在杆的两端施加有轴向力F，并且在杆上产生了均匀的伸长或者拉紧。 通过在杆上人工分割出一个垂直于其轴的截面mm，我们可以分离出杆的部分作为自由体【如图1(b)】。在左端施加有拉力P，在另一个端有一个代表杆上被移除部分作用在仍然保存的那部分的力。这些力是连续分布在横截面的，类似于静水压力在被淹没表面的连续分布。 力的集度，也就是单位面积上的力，叫做应力，通常是用希腊字母，来表示。假设应力在横截面上是均匀分布的【如图1(b)】，我们可以很容易的看出它的合力等于集度，乘以杆的横截面积A。而且，从图1所示的物体的平衡，我们可以看出它的合力与力P必须的大小相等，方向相反。因此，我们可以得出 等式(1)可以作为棱柱形杆上均匀应力的方程。这个等式表明应力的单位是，力除以面积。当杆被力P拉伸时，如图所示，产生的应力是拉应力，如果力在方向是相反，使杆被压缩，它们就叫做压应力。 使等式(1)成立的一个必要条件是，应力，必须是均匀分布在杆的横截面上。如果轴向力P作用在横截面的形心处，那么这个条件就实现了。当力P没有通过形心时，杆会发生弯曲，这就需要更复杂的分析。目前，我们假设所有的轴向力都是作用在横截面的形心处，除非有相反情况特别说明。同样，除非另有说明，一般也假设物体的质量是忽略的，如我们讨论图1的杆
一样。 轴向力使杆产生的全部伸长量，用希腊字母δ表示【如图1(a)】，单位长度的伸长量，或者应变，可以用等式来决定。 L是杆的总长。注意应变ε是一个无量纲的量。只要应变是在杆的长度方向均匀的，应变就可以从等式(2)中准确获得。如果杆处于拉伸状态，应变就是拉应变，代表材料的伸长或者延长如果杆处于受压状态，那么应变就是压应变，这也就意味着杆上临近的横截面是互相靠近的。 当材料的应力和应变显示的是线性关系时，也就是线弹性。这对多数固体材料来说是极其重要的性质，包括多数金属，塑料，木材，混凝土和陶瓷。处于拉伸状态下，杆的应力和应变间的线性关系可以用简单的等式来表示。E是比例常数，叫做材料的弹性模量。 注意E和应力有同样的单位。在英国科学家托马斯·杨(1773 ~ 1829)研究杆的弹性行为之后，弹性模量有时也叫做杨氏模量。对大多数材料来说，压缩状态下的弹性模量与处于拉伸时的弹性模量的一样的。 2、拉伸应力应变行为 一个特殊材料中应力和应变的关系是通过拉伸测试来决定的。材料的试样通常是圆棒的形式，被安置在测试机上，承受拉力。当载荷增加时，测量棒上的力和棒的伸长量。力除以横截面积可以得出棒的应力，伸长量除以伸长发生方向的长度可以得出应变。通过这种方式，材料的完整应力应变图就可以得到。 图1所示的是结构钢的应力应变图的典型形状，轴向应变显示在水平轴，对应的应力以纵坐标表示为曲线OABCDE。从O点到A点，应力和应变之间是