2020年整理国际经济学国际贸易试题山东大学经济学院.doc

25个选择题共50分，两个简答题30分，两个计算题20分张老师说：选择题要理解为什么，否则不一定能够做对

下面是第一章到第五章的选择题及答案

余下答案：acadaccacb

Interdependence: 互相依赖international:. 国际的microeconomic: 微观经济interregional:地区间的

Choice questions

1 Ricardo explained the law of comparative advantage on the basis of( A)

A the labor theory of value

B the opportunity cost theory

C the law of diminishing returns:边际报酬递减定律

D all of the above

2. If with one hour of labor time nation A can produce either 3X or 3Y while nation B can produce either 1X or 3Y (and labor is the only input投入), the range of mutually 互相的beneficial trade between nation A and B is: (C )

A. 3Y<3X<5Y

B. 5Y<3X<9Y

C. 3Y<3X<9Y

D. 1Y<3X<3Y

3. The commodity商品in which the nation has the smallest absolute disadvantage is the

commodity of its (D ).

A. absolute disadvantage

B. absolute advantage

C. comparative disadvantage

D. comparative advantage

4. If in a two-nation (A and B), two-commodity (X and Y) world, it is established that nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity X, then nation B must have: (D )

A an absolute advantage in commodity Y

B an absolute disadvantage in commodity Y

C a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y

D a comparative advantage in commodity Y

5. If domestically 国内的3X=3Y in nation A, while 1X=1Y domestically in nation B:

(D )

A there will be no trade between the two nations

B the relative price of X is the same in both nations

C the relative price of Y is the same in both nations

D all of the above

6. An increase in the dollar price of a foreign currency 货币usually ( B)

A benefits U.S. importers进口商

B benefits U.S. Exporters 出口商

C benefits both U.S. importers and U.S. exporters

D harms both U.S. importers and U.S. exporters

7. The Mercantilists 重商主义者did not advocate 提倡( A)

A free trade

B stimulating the nation’s exports stimulate刺激

C restricting 限制the nation’s imports

D the accumulation积聚of gold by the nation

Slope 倾斜stepwise 逐步地equilibrium relative commodity均衡相对商品

intersection交叉点

余下答案：BACDbd

1. Which of the following statements is true with respect to the MRS of X for Y? ( D)

A. It is given by the absolute slope斜率of the indifference curve 无差异曲线

B. declines下降as the nation moves down an indifference curve

C. rises as the nation moves up an indifference curve

D. all of the above

2 The marginal rate of transformation边际转换率(MRT)of X for Y refers to ( D)

A the amount of Y that a nation must give up to produce each additional unit单位of X

B the opportunity cost of X

C the absolute slope of the production frontier生产可能性边界at the point of production

D all of the above

3 The marginal rate of substitution边际替换率(MRS) of X for Y in consumption消费refers to the ( B)

A amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y and still remain on the same indifference curve

B amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X and still remain on the same indifference curve

C amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y to reach a higher indifference curve

D amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X to reach a higher indifference curve

4. Which of the following is not a reason for increasing opportunity costs? ( A)

A. technology differs among nations

B. factors of production are not homogenous同质的

C. factors of production are not used in the same fixed proportion固定比例

in the production of all commodities

D. For the nation to produce more of a commodity, it must use resources that are less and less suited适合in the production of the commodity

5. Export prices出口价格must rise for a nation to increase its exports because the nation: ( D)

A incurs招致increasing opportunity costs in export production

B faces decreasing减少opportunity costs in producing import substitutes. 替代品

C faces decreasing marginal rate of substitution in consumption

D all of the above

6. In the trade between a small and a large nation (B ).

A. the large nation is likely to receive all of the gains from trade

B. the small nation is likely to receive all of the gains from trade

C. the gains from trade are likely to equally shared

D. we cannot say

7 Commodity indifference curves (D )

A are negatively sloped

B are convex凸的to the origin原点

C should not cross交叉

D all of the above

8. Nation 1’s share份额of the gains from trade will be greater: (B )

A. the greater is nation 1’s demand for nation 2’s exports

B. the closer Px/Py with trade settles贸易落定to nation 2’s pretrade Px/Py

C. the weaker is nation 2’s demand for nation 1’s exports

D. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 1’s pretrade Px/Py

concave凹的intersect 相交application 应用equilibrium均衡compensation principle

补偿原则isolation孤立inside在…之内tangent切线internal. 内部的exceed超过specialize专门化mutually互相地taste偏好

余下答案：cdcacddddd

1. If a nation does not affect world prices by its trading, its offer curve: ( a)

A. is a straight line

B. bulges凸出toward the axis轴measuring衡量the import commodity

C. intersects相交the straight-line直线segment部分of the world’s offer curve

D. intersects the positively-sloped portion积极倾斜的部分of the world’s offer curve

2. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis局部均衡分析is false? (c )

A. it relies on traditional demand and supply curves

B. it isolates for study one market

C. it can be used to determine the equilibrium relative commodity price均衡相对商品价格but not the equilibrium quantity均衡产量with trade

D. it does not take into considerations the interactions相互作用between different markets

3. If the nation’s tastes for its import commodity increases (d )

A. the nation’s offer curve rotates旋转toward the axis measuring its import commodity

B. the partner’s offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodity

C. the partner’s offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity

D. the nation’s offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity

4. The offer curve of a nation bulges凸出toward the axis measuring the nation’s ( a)

A. import commodity

B. export commodity

C. export or import commodity

D. nontraded commodity

5. The offer curve of a nation shows: (d )

A. the supply of a nation’s imports

B. the demand for a nation’s exports

C. the trade partner’s demand for imports and supply of exports

D. the nation’s demand for imports and supply of exports

6. If the terms of trade贸易条件of a nation are 1.5 in a two-nation world, those of the trade partner are: ( b)

A. 3/4

B. 2/3

C. 3/2

D. 4/3

7. A deterioration恶化of a nation’s terms of trade causes the nation’s welfare to: (d )

A. deteriorate

B. improve

C. remain unchanged

D. any of the above

approximation近似sought寻找

V olume量

余下答案：dcdddaba

1. Which is not an assumption假设of the H-O model? ( c)

A. the same the technology in both nations

B. constant returns to scale规模报酬不变

C. complete specialization完全专业化

D. equal tastes相同偏好in both nations

2. The Leontief paradox里昂惕夫悖论refers to the empirical finding实证发现that U.S.:

(a )

A. import substitutes are more K-intensive than exports

B. imports are more K-intensive than exports

C. exports are more L-intensive than imports

D. exports are more K-intensive than import substitutes

3. In the H-O model, international trade is based mostly on a difference in: (b )

A. technology

B. factor endowments禀赋

C. economies of scale规模经济

D. tastes

4. The H-O model extends延伸the classical trade model by: (c)

A. explaining the basis for comparative advantage

B. examining检查the effect of trade on factor prices

C. both A and B

D. neither A nor B

5. A difference in relative commodity prices between two nations can be based upon a difference in (d )

A. factor endowments

B. technology

C. tastes

D. all of the above

6. For factor reversal逆转to occur, two commodities must be produced with: (a )

A. sufficiently充分地different elasticity of substitution替代弹性of factors

B. the same K/L ratio比率

C. technologically-fixed factor proportions比例

D. equal elasticity of substitution of factors

intensive集中的

reject驳回,排斥await 等候余下答案：acbdcaddc

简答题：每题最好都画图

1.贸易理论：US和UK两国的W和C互换（见书），计算两国贸易所得

2.画图说明一国两种产品的最优组合（无差异曲线与生产可能性曲线相交的切点）

3.画图说明即使生产可能性曲线一样，无差异曲线不同，两国也能发生贸易

4.求两国的提供曲线以及均衡贸易量和均衡产品价格

5.Draw the offer curves for Nation 1 and Nation 2, showing that Nation 2 is a small nation

that trades at the pretrade-relative commodity prices in Nation 1. How are the gains from

trade distributed between the two nations? Why?

6.H—O—S模型，H—O模型

7.里昂休斯悖论及解释

6.幼稚产业观点

7.说明产品周期

8.Table 9——1 配额和关税的区别

（因书上文字过多，就不一一写答案了）

计算：

1.题给两国的供给，需求曲线，求没有贸易时孤立均衡点

2.给出供给，需求曲线的方程，计算关税，消费者损失，生产者剩余增加额（配额）

3.第六章计算题第三题