初中英语一般过去时

初中英语一般过去时

过去时讲解与练习定义表示的是：某个动作作发生在过去的时间里，并且这个动作已经完成了。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year, yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。

一、巧记一般过去时：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were, have, has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；不含be动词时如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was, were,否定就把not添。

含be动词时疑问句也不难，要把was，were放在主语前。be 的一般过去时：学习动词be的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌握动词be的一般过去时。b e的过去时有四巧：

一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢；二是形式巧，单数was，复数were；三巧是否定句结构，not紧跟was／were；四是疑问句式巧，was／were向前跑(提前)。

【一巧】

时间状语（即标志词）巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。

1、yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday

morning(afternoon, evening)等；

2、由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；

3、由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等；

4、其它：just now等

5、由某些表示过去时态的从句等。

【二巧】

形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人

称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用was；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。

例如：

I was in the classroom yesterday morning、昨天早上我

在教室里。H e was at school last Tuesday、上周二他在学

校。T hey were over there a moment ago、刚才他们在那边。

【三巧】

否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面

加not即可变成否定句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasnt, werent。即：

主语＋ wasnt／ werent ＋表语＋其他。例如：

I was not (＝wasnt)

here yesterday、昨天我不在这儿。M y parents were not (＝werent)

at home last Sunday、上周日我父母不在家。

【四巧】

疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即：

Was(Were)

＋主语＋表语＋其他？这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。例如：

Were you at home the day before yesterday﹖前天你在家吗？

Was she late this morning﹖今天早上她迟到了吗？

更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语＋was／were、”；否定回答用“No,主语＋wasnt／werent、”。

例如：Yes, they were、 (No, they werent、)

是的，她们在。（不，她们不在。）一般过去时主要是通过谓语动词的变化来表示的。英语中每种时态都要求谓语动词进行相应的变化。在一般过去时里，要求谓语动词用动词“过去式”。原形动词变为过去式，可以概括为两类：一类是规则的变化，另一类是不规则的变化。

1、规则变化的动词过去式规则变化的动词过去式(1)

在词尾加ed 或d英语中大部分动词过去式都是规则变化的，即在动词后加上ed；如果结尾字母是不发音的e，则只要加上一个d就行了。例如：work-worked clean-cleaned play-playeddecide-decided live-lived love-loved(2)

以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加edstudy-studied hurry-hurried carry-carried(3)

以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母再加edstop-stopped drop-dropped

2、不规则变化的动词过去式不规则变化是指过去式不能加ed，用另外一个词来表示。这样的不规则过去式也有很多，只有靠一个一个去记忆了。例如：is/am-was are-were have/has-hadshall-should will-would can-could may- mightgo-went come-came take-took sit-sat say-said get-got swim-swamrun-ran write-wrote sing-sang tell-told speak-spoke begin-began break-broke不规则变化中，还有少数词的过去式与原形动词完成相同；read的过去式只是读音改变了。例如：cut-cut put-put let-let read-read

[red]keep-kept feel-felt sleep-sleptsweep-swept

build-built lend-lent send-sent spend-spentring-rang sit-sat drink-drank sing-sang swim-swam think-thought buy-bought bring-brought fight-foughtteach-taught catch-caughtknow-knew grow-grew throw-threw draw-drew

3、规则动词过去式的读音在清辅音[p]

[k]

[f]

[s] 等后，ed要读[t]。例如：

worked, finished在元音或浊辅音[b]

[g]

[v]

[z]

[m]等后，ed要读[d]。例如：lived, called在[t]或[d]后，ed读[id]。例如：started，needed一般过去时句型口诀一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。

【课堂练习】

一、写出下列动词的过去式

is\am______ fly______ plant______ are _______

drink_________

play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance_________

worry______ ask _____ taste________ eat________

draw________

put _____ throw _______ kick________ pass_______ do ________

二、用be动词的适当形式填空

1、I ______ an English teacher now、

2、 She _______ happy yesterday、

3、 They _______ glad to see each other last month、

4、 Helen and Nancy ________ good friends、

5、 The little dog _____ two years old this year、

6、 Look, there ________ lots of grapes here、

7、 There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday、

8、 Today _____ the second of June、 Yesterday ______ the first of June、 It _____ Childrens Day、 All the students ____ very excited、

三、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1、I ______ (watch)

a cartoon on Saturday、

2、 Her father _______ (read)

a newspaper last night、

3、 We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park、 (go)

4、 ____ you ______(visit)

your relatives last Spring Festival?

5、 ______ he _______ (fly)

a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______、

6、 Gao Shan _______ (pull)

up carrots last National Day holiday、

7、 I ________ (sweep)

the floor yesterday, but my mother ______、

8、 What ______ she ________ (find)

in the garden last morning?

She _________ (find)

a beautiful butterfly、

9、 It _________ (be)

Bens birthday last Friday

10、

10、 We all _________ (have)

a good time last night、

四、改错题

1、How is Jane yesterday? _____________________

2、He go to school by bus last week、

____________________________

3、He often goes home at6:00 last month、

____________________________

4、I can fly kites seven years ago、

______________________________

5、Did you saw him just now、

____________________________________

6、Tom wasn’t watch TV last night、

____________________________________

7、I didn’t my homework yesterday、

____________________________________

8、He wait for you three hours ago、

____________________________________

9、Who find it just now ?

________________________________________

10、What make him cry (哭)

just now? __________________________________

【课后练习】

1、单项选择：

从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。( )

1、My father＿＿＿＿＿＿ill yesterday、

A、 isnt

B、 arent

C、 wasnt

D、 werent( )

2、＿＿＿＿＿＿your parents at home last week﹖

A、 Is

B、 Was

C、 Are

D、 Were( )

3、 The twins＿＿＿＿＿＿in Dalian last year、 They＿＿＿＿＿＿here now、

A、 are; were

B、 were; are

C、 was; are

D、 were; was( )

4、＿＿＿＿＿＿your father at work the day＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖

A、 Was; before

B、 Is; before

C、 Was; after

D、 Is; after ( )

5、＿＿＿＿＿＿、

A、 I am

B、 I was

C、 Yes, I was

D、 No, I wasnt ( )

6、 I cleaned my classroom ___________、 A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before( )

7、 I came _______ my house two days ago 、 A back on

B back to

C to back

D back( )

8 、 ___________? He did some reading at home、 A What does your father do yesterday evening B What does your brother do in the school C What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last

Sunday( )

9、 What did you do ________ ? I went to the movies、

A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday( )

10、 The koala sleeps _______，but gets up

_________、 A during the day; at the evening B at

day ;during night C in the day ;during the evening D during the day ; at night

二、请用正确动词形式填空。

1、I _________ (have)

an exciting party last weekend、2、 _________ she

_________(practice)

her guitar yesterday? No, she _________、3、 What

________ Tom ________ (do)

on Saturday evening? He ________(watch)

TV and __________(read)

an interesting book、4、 They all _________(go)

to the mountains yesterday morning、5、 She

_________(not visit)

her aunt last weekend、 She ________ (stay)

at home and _________(do)

some cleaning、6、 When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write)

it last year、7、 My friend, Carol, ________(study)

for the math test and ________(practice)

English last night、8、 ________ Mr、 Li

__________(do)

the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________、9、How _________(be)

Jims weekend? It _________(be not)

bad、

10、 ________ (be)

your mother a sales assistant last year? No、 she

__________、

三、翻译下列句子

1、我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。I _________

_________ __________ __________ exciting weekend、2、Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。J enny likes

_________ __________、 She _________ an English book last night、3、 Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。E

mma__________ TV every day、 But he _________ ________

________ yesterday、4、上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。W hat ________ they _________ _________ Saturday? They _________ __________ homework and _________

__________、5、今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。T his morning Fangfang _______ _______ _______ _______ because his father ________ ________ _______ yesterday、

6、你还有什么要说的？

What _______ would you like _______ _______?

7、放学别忘了向老师说声再见。D on’t forget ______ _______ _______ _______ the teacher、

8、为什么你昨晚没有看电视？

Why _______ you _______ TV last night?

9、他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。W hen he

______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground、

10、他什么时候出生的？1980年。

-When _______ he _______?-_______19

80、

四、改写句子：

1、Lucy did her homework at home、（改否定句）Lucy

________ _______ her homework at home、2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）、（变一般疑问句)

___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?

3、There was some orange in the cup、（变一般疑问

句)_______ there _______ orange in the cup?

4、 Frank read an interesting book about history、（一般疑问句） _______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?

5、 Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） _______

________ ________ out for a walk?

6、 Thomas spent RMB10 on this book、（否定句）Thomas______ _____RMB10 on this book、

7、 My family went to the beach last week、（划线提问） ________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?

8、 I think she is L ily’s sister、（否定句。注意否定转移）____________________

9、 Sally often does some reading in the morning、（否定句） Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning、

10、 He is a tall, thin boy、（划线提问） _______

_______ he _______ ________?

五、写作。

日记一则，字数60---80。

记叙一天的活动：

1、早晨起床，吃饭，上学；

2、上午的课程，并就其中一堂课进行描述；

3、午休的活动；

4、下午的课程及作业；

5、晚上的安排。

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