so…that的用法

so…that 、such…that、so that的用法

so…that…与such…that…引导的分句都就是结果状语从句,so that既可以引导目的状语从句,也可以引导结果状语从句。

一、s o、、、that、、、句型中的so就是副词,常常用来修饰形容词或副词,意思就是“如此/这么……以致于……”

1、常用句型为:主语+谓语+so+adj、/ adv、+ that从句。

The boy ran so fast that I couldn't catch him、

He was so angry that he couldn't say a word、

2、so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+that从句。例如:

She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much、她做的饭菜那么好吃,结果我们都吃得太多了。

It was so good an exhibition that I went to see it several times、展览就是那么好,结果我就去瞧了好几次。

It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic、昨天天气很好,我们都出去野餐了。

3、so+many / much / few / little(少)+名词+that从句。

当名词前有many、much、few、little(少)等词修饰时,句子中要用so、、、that、、、而不能用such、、、that、、、。例如:

I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over、我跌了那么多跤,全身跌得青一块,紫一块的。

There was so much work to do that everybody got bored、有这么多的事要做,人人都感到厌烦了。

There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us、缸里的水太少,不够我们这些人用的。(注:当little的意思就是“小”时,仍用such、、、that、、、)

二、在such、、、that、、、句型中,such修饰名词,意思也就是“如此……以致于……”。such…that…引导四种不

同的句子结构:

1、such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句。例如:

This is such a good book that all of us like it very much、这就是一本很好的书,我们大家都喜欢读一读。

It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home、天气这么好,没有人愿意呆在家里不出去。

It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice、这就是一部很有意思的电影,我瞧了两次。

2、such+形容词+复数名词+that从句。例如:

He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees、她的胳膊很长,几乎就能够到她的膝盖。

They are such good students that the teacher likes them、她们都就是很好的学生,老师喜欢她们。

3、such+(形容词)+不可数名词+that从句,例如:

It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming、昨天天气很好,我们去游泳了。

4、one (no, any, all, many, some, several, 等)+such+可数名词+that从句。例如:

There are many such good books that I can’t decide which one to choose、有这么多的好书,我无法决定选择哪一本。He gave us several such examples about the phrase that we understood it pretty well、关于这个短语,她举了好几个这样的例句,我们终于完全弄懂了。

三、so that 既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句.

引导目的状语从句时可译为"为了" ,引导结果状语从句时可译为"以便"

如:I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly、(目的状语从句)

Maria likes the woolen dress so that she decides to buy it immediately 、(结果状语从句)

(1)so that引导目的状语从句时,表示“以便;为了”,从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情

态动词或助动词;引导结果状语从句时,从句中一般不用can与may等词。

(2) So that引导的目的状语从句之前不用逗号,而so that引导的结果状语从句与主句之间往往有逗号相隔开(即

略作停顿),意思就是“因此;所以”。请比较:

He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams、她努力学习功课,争取考试能获得好成绩。

He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams、她努力学习,结果考试获得了好成绩。

四、“so…that…”与“such…that…”可以相互转换

1、她非常诚实,大家都信赖她。

She is so honest that everybody trusts her、

→She is such an honest girl that everybody trusts her、

→She is so honest a girl that everybody trusts her、

2、当主句与从句的主语一致,且that从句就是肯定句时,可用“enough to do sth、”来转换。例如:

The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box, →The man is strong enough to lift the heavy box、

He was so clever that he can understand what I said、→He was clever enough to understand what I said、

3、当主句与从句的主语不一致,且that从句就是肯定句时,可以用“enough for sb、to do sth、”来替换,但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如:

The question is so easy that I can work it out、→The question is easy enough for me to work out、

The box is so light that he can carry it、→The box is light enough for him to carry、

4、当主句与从句的主语一致,且that从句就是否定句时,可以用:“too…to…”来替换。例如:

The girl is so young that she can’t dress herself、→The girl is too young to dress herself、

I was so tired that I couldn’t go on with the work、→I was too tired to go on with the work、

5、当主句与从句的主语不一致,且that从句就是否定句时,如果要用“too…to、、、”替换“so…that…”,则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语,可以用“too、、for sb、to do sth、”来替换,注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如: The bag is so heavy that she can’t move it、→The bag is too heavy for her to move、

It is so hot that we can’t sleep、→It is too hot for us to sleep、

6、可将so与such移至句首,再将主句的主、谓语倒装,以示强调。例如:

It is so hot that we don”t want to go out、→So hot is it that we don”t want to go out、(天气太热,我们不想出去。) He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him、→Such an excellent speech did he make that everyone admired him、(她作了如此精彩的演讲,人们都钦佩她。)

7、so many / much…that…可转换为such a lot of…that…。例如:

There are so many people in the room that we could not get in、

→There are such a lot of people in the room that we could not get in、(房间里人太多,我们进不去。)

8、so few / little…that…可转换为such a few / a little…that…。例如:

So few people came that the meeting had to be put off、

→Such a few people came that the meeting had to be put off、(人来得这么少,会议不得不推迟。)

补充内容:

英语里可以用to, in order to,so as to或so that,in order that来表示目的。区别就是:

1) to, in order to,so as to引导的就是目的状语短语,构成简单句;

2) so that, in order that 引导的就是目的状语从句,构成复合句,并且从句中谓语动词常与can, could, may, might等情态动词连用。如:

He got up early to /in order to/ so as to catch the first bus、

她早起为了赶上第一趟车。

Speak clearly so that everybody can understand you、

请说清楚一点,这样每个人都能听懂。

注意:

1)so that 与in order that的区别:

so that引导的从句只能放在主句之后,而in order that引导的从句既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。另外,so that 还可引导结果状语从句,意为“因此,结果”,但in order that不能。例如:

He was very humorous so that we liked him very much、她非常幽默,因此我们非常喜欢她。