沙发专业英语术语

A strip of fabric gathered as a curtain, or pleated, and applied to the base of upholstered furniture, a feature popular in Early American styling.

FOAM : Material used for cushioning or to pad upholstered furniture. "Foam" is short for polyurethane foam in general use today. Is used as seat cushions or in thinner sheets for arm, side and back padding.

FORTREL : Trade name for a polyester fiber (See polyester). FRAME Basic structure or skeleton of an upholstered sofa or chair. Kiln-dried hard wood is best for durability in wooden frames.

FRENCH SEAM: (See inverted)

FRONT RAIL: The wood frame part lowest to the floor , and at the front of piece.

GLIDES : Buttons of plastic or metal applied to bottom of legs to make furniture easier to move around.

GLUE BLOCKS : Triangular pieces of wood used to rein- force joints. Glued in place after being applied to frame. HAND (OR HANDLE) :Term used to describe the feel of a fabric such as soft, rough, or smooth.

HANDLE-OPERATED RECLINER :Reclining movement of chair is con- trolled by a handle accessible to the per- son sitting in the chair rather than by body movement.

HARD EDGE : (See tailored edge)

HELICALS :Small, tightly coiled springs used to add extra comfort. Used, for example, to attach flat spring on all sides of material and frame for sleep/sofa.

HERCULON: Trade name for an olefin fiber. (See olefin).

HIDDEN CASTERS : Recessed casters used to totally conceal the use of caster .

INVERTED SEAM: Seam joining underside of fabric with no welt. (Also called French seam).

JACQUARD (FABRIC): A method of producing elaborately patterned weaves on a mechanical Jacquard loom on which the roller gives design instructions instead of musical notes.

KICK PLEAT : Tailored pleated skirt on the bottom of upholstered pieces. (See skirt).

KNOCK DOWN (OR K-D) :Unassembled or self-assembled furniture which you buy that way and put together yourself at home.

KODEL: Trade name for a polyester fiber (See polyester).

LAWSON: A furniture style in which arms are lower than the back. (See tuxedo).

LEFT –FACING: The left-hand side of a piece of furniture when looking at same from the front. (See right-facing). LOOSE PILLOW CONSTRUCTION: A style of sofa or chair which features separate detachable pillows for back support.

MATCH (ING): Positioning of a pattern, stripe or plaid. so that it flows continuously down the back across the seat and down the front of a sofa or chair. Not all fabrics may be matched. (Also see center match). MATELASSE (FABRIC): Tightly woven flat fabric with a quilted puff effect.

MODULAR (S): (See sectionals).

MR. & MRS. CHAIRS: Two matching chairs of the same style - one larger for him, one smaller for her.

NAIL-HEAD TRIM: Decorative head nails or a simulated nail- head strip used to accentuate a style, usually used on arms and rails.

NAP: Raised fibers in a pile fabric such as velvet.

NUBBY: Fabric with yarns of different thicknesses giving an irregular hand to fabric.

NYLON: Generic name for an important man- made synthetic fiber. Among the most durable synthetic fibers used for

OLEFIN : Man-made synthetic fiber, good proper- ties of strength, and resistance to abrasion, excellent cleanability.

Trade names: Herculon, Vectra.

ORLON: Trade name for an acrylic fiber. (See acrilan).

OTTOMAN: Footstool or the footrest attached to a reclining chair.

PADDING: (See filling).

PEDESTAL BASE : Base placed under the center of a piece of furniture. Commonly used on recliners and swivel rockers.

PILE WEA VE : Fabric with raised nap -velvet, corduroy, fake furs.

POL YESTER: A man-made fiber. Trade names: Dacron, Fortrel, Kodel. Most like cotton in its appearance and physical properties.

POL YSTYRENE: A man-made synthetic used to simulate wood. Often used to reproduce expensive wood trim.

Can also be used to make frame parts or entire frames.

POL YURETHANE :Man-made synthetic foam used for filling and for cushions. Rigid polyurethane can also reproduce wood trim or make entire frame.

POP UP : A reclining chair in which the head rest pops up from inside the chair back when moved into a reclining position.

PRINT :Any fabric on which a design is printed on the surface rather than woven in.

PULL-OVER BACK: Furniture design in which back padding wraps around and over back rather than being squared off and trimmed with welting.

QUILTING Process of taking two layers of flat fabrics with light padding in between and sewing them together with an over-all design. Fabrics used for quilting are often prints or plain satins.

Two types of quilting are used: 1) Loom quilting which produces any overall design on a fabric; 2) Outline quilting in which each element of a design (a lily for example) is outlined.

RAIL : Lowest part of the wood frame. There are front, back and side rails.

RAYON : A man-made cellulose fiber. Trade names: Jetspun and Colorspun. Dyes well with high luster. Works well in dense pile or closely woven fabrics. Usually used in a blend with other fibers.

RECLINER: Chairs which do just what the name implies -they recline. All have built-in ottomans or footrests; two-way rockers have two positions (upright and one reclining position); three-

way rockers have three positions (upright and two reclining positions).

REVERSIBLE CUSHIONS: Seat cushions which may be turned upside down or reversed for durability. Vinyl cushions, however, cannot be reversed because a bottom fabric panel is needed for ventilation.

RIGHT -FACING :The right-hand side of a piece of furniture when looking at same from the front. (See left-facing). ROCKER :Any chair which tips back and forth in place. Traditional rockers have arched supports on the legs.

Platform rockers move on springs on stationary bases. There are also swivel rockers and rocker recliners

available.

SADDLE ARM : An arm style which looks exactly as if you had placed a saddle on the arm. It dips down and wraps over the arm.

SADDLE STITCHED :A decorative form of sewing the cover. Used more for ornamentation. It is not required for a good seam closure.

SCALLOP : An ornamental border on a skirt of small half circles.

SCOTCHGARD : (See stain-resistant finish)

SELF-COVERED SEAT DECK : The area above the seat springs on which loose seat cushions rest is the seat deck.

When covered in the same material as the exterior of the piece, it is called "self- covered." Thus if cushions move apart, you see the same upholstery fabric underneath rather than the customarily used beige denim fabric

扶手:arm 扶板:wing 层板:plywood 填料:padding 转角:wedge,

底座:arm panel 后挡板:tailgate 扶手垫:armcap, 头枕:headrest

坐垫:cushion 拉练:zipper 搁脚ttoman 茶几:end table 摇椅:recliner

塑料膜：plastic film／bubble film 海绵：foam 泡沫板：ＥＰＳblock2纸板：corrugate 后下outside back

扶手内侧inside arm 面板front arm panel 扶手外侧outside arm

扶手前front arm 扶手后侧the rear arm. 扶手top arm / arm

接缝seam 靠背正面inside back 缝针、针脚stitch

靠背后面outside back 双针two-needle stitch

靠背back rest 双针机double needle machine

屏耳the wing on both sides of the back 回针returned-stitch

防护绵: poly (top back rail) (STAPLED) 缝止the width of the seam

喷胶棉（树脂棉）Glued Fiber / Rolled Fiber 针距stitch size spacing

松棉）Loosed Fiber 刀眼notch 编织带Webbing 针眼stitch mark

封口胶Tape for sealing the carton 浮线float stitch 抓钉T-Nuts

线头Odd pieces of thread 枪钉staple 露线exposed stitches

垫圈ring / bezel/washer 贴边/嵌条Welt

三人沙发Sofa 效影（阴阳色）two-tone effect 搁脚30, Ottoman

瑕疵flaw 转椅swivel chair 色差off shade 头层皮top grain

结点knot 二层皮split 深色纱线斑点mottled yarns 仿皮vinyl

橡皮膏stress tape (cloth tape) for C&S

天鹅绒kin velvet 杀真菌剂fungicide 无纺布non-woven fabric/dustcover 里布denim 毡毯

felt 中垫Center / Central cushion

倒顺毛the direction of pile 上垫Upper layer cushion

S簧/蛇簧no-sag spring 拉布/拉条Puller 塔簧long coil spring 防霉：mildew-proof 蜡变革wax finish, wax effect 靠垫：back pillow

油变革oily pull-up leather [抛枕：throw pillow 磨砂革buffed leather, nubuck, sanded 夹板ply wood 雌雄扣Velcro 缝制工艺图Sewing diagram 家具固定带, 无弹性Puckering 纸板Paper pattern 松紧带Elastic 样套Sample C&S T隔布partition (PCS.) 钉饰nail trim 五金压条metal tacking strip 弯度curve board 海棉--密度-density 弹性-hysteresis loss 支撑系数-support factor 阻燃测试-Flammability test 2KG黄芯-yellow core

(一)沙发外观及感官要求:

1 徒手揿压座面和背面应无异常的(exceptional)金属摩擦(friction)和撞击(impact)响声(noise,sound)。

2沙发面料拼接的(join together)图案(pattern,design)应完整(integrated,whole)，绒面(fabric,cloth)的绒毛(fluff)方向(direction)应一致(consistent)，面料应无明显(obvious)色差(chromatism,colour difference)，无落毛(missing)，无划伤(scratch)，无色污(dirt)、油污及残点(deformity)。

3 真皮革与人造(synthetic, man-made)革应无明显色差，表面(exterior,surface)无裂纹(flaw, crack)破损，无油腻感(greasy, pinguid)。

4 缝纫(needlework, sewing)五跳针，无明显浮线，嵌(embed)线应圆滑(slippery, smooth,)拖直(straight, unbent)，无外线露头(show up)，园角(corner, angle)应匀称(shapely, symmetry,)，包覆外露钉(nail)排列(range, arrange, rank)应整齐(in order, orderliness, tidiness, trim, trimness)，间距(space between)基本相等(equality)，无松动(become flexible)脱落(break off)，各种材料的包覆(wrapped)布料应平整(level up, level off)饱满(satiation,enough)，松(looseness)紧(tighten)均匀(uniformity)，不得有褶皱(drape, crinkle)的缺陷，工艺性褶皱折线条(line)应对称均匀，层次分明(clear)。

5 外露金属件应无刃口(blade, knife-edge)毛刺(puncture, stab, thorn)，座面与扶手或靠背间隙(clearance)内徒手深入(go deep into)无刃口和毛刺，沙发在正常使用中应无尖锐(edge, spiculate)金属物穿出座面和背面。

6外部木制件表面应精致(refinement)光滑(slippery,as clean as a whistle)，无肯头、创痕、横茬、逆(contrary)纹、纹沟和机械(mechanical)损伤(disfigurement)，手摸(touch)感应无毛刺，外面应倒棱。圆角(round angle,corner)和弧度(radian)及线条应对称(symmetry)均匀(uniformity)。顺直光滑，不得有刀痕(mark,trace)砂痕。

7外部油漆(paint)件应无粘漆(sticky)及剥落(flake away, scale off, flake off, shell off)，表面保持(retain,keep)光亮(brightness)，绝对没有灰尘(dust, speck,)之类的小斑点(stain, spot)。电镀(plate, plating, electroplate, galvanization, galvanoplastics)件镀层应无裂纹(flaw, crack, crackle)剥落(flake away, scale off, flake off, shell off)和返锈(rust)。

(二)检测鉴别:

1 用手去按沙发的扶手及靠背，如果会明显的感觉(feel)到木架的存在，则证明此沙发填充海绵(sponge)的密度(density)不高。弹性(elasticity, springiness, flexibility)也不够好。轻易被按到的沙发木架也会加速沙发套(slipcover)的磨损(wear and tear)，降低(reduce)沙发的使用寿命(product life)；

2让您的身体呈自由落体(fall)坐在沙发上，身体至少要被沙发弹起(flip, spring)两次以上时，才能确保(insure)此套沙发弹性良好，并且使用寿命较长。（不包含老年人(old folks, senior citizen, the elderly)食用的硬度海绵）

3 将沙发配套抱枕的拉链(slide fastener)打开，观察(look into)并用手触摸里面的衬布及填充(filled)物，好的沙发在这些细节(detail, particular, specific)上，品质也同样保持一致。

4 让您的手长时间的触摸(feel,touch)沙发表面，感觉面料是否会有刺激(stimulate, activate,)皮肤(skin)的现象出现，观察沙发其前后所用面料是否一致；

(三)选购沙发:

看内部(interior,inside)垫层(filled)质量

时下高档(top grade)沙发座(seat)和背(back)的底面(underside)多采用尼龙带(nylon)和蛇簧交叉网编结构，上面分层(floor, layer)铺垫高弹(high elasticity)泡沫、喷胶棉和轻体泡沫(foam)。这种垫层回弹(elasticity)好，坐(sit)感舒适。中档沙发多以胶压(press with glue)纤维(fibre)板为座和背的底(below,bottom)板，上面分层铺垫中密度泡沫和喷胶棉。这种垫层坐感偏硬，回弹性稍差。

看面料、缝纫(needlework, sewing)

买皮沙发要选择皮面。真皮沙发分为全皮沙发和半皮沙发，每套全皮沙发要耗(cost)相当于10头黄牛(cattle)的牛皮，价值(value)很高，透气(breathe freely)和环保(environment-friendly)性能好，欧美等发达国家普遍使用全皮沙发。半皮沙发在沙发背部、底部和其他一些隐蔽(covert,shady)部位以PU革或人造革PVC代替牛皮，但人体直接(direct)接触部位仍为价值较高的牛皮，从而降低(reduce)了沙发的造价，比较(comparatively)经济(economy)实惠。沙发用皮分为黄牛皮和水牛(buffalo)皮，按层数分为头层皮、二层皮和三层皮等；按产地分为国产皮和进口皮。进口皮以意大利和德国进口的头层黄牛皮品质最佳，符合(accord with)严格的(strict)环保要求，色牢(firm)度高、弹性和透气性好，机械(mechanical)强度高，特别是撕裂(avulsion)强度和抗张(expand, outspread)强度高。优质真皮沙发选用的必须是头层黄牛皮。

选购布艺沙发时应注意，沙发的座、背套宜为活套(flexible)结构，高档布艺沙发一般有棉布(cotton fabric,cloth)内衬，其他易污部位应可以换洗(washable)。沙发面料应当比较厚实(thick)，其克重在300克/平方米以上的较为经久耐用(durable, everlasting)，而且必须确保磨擦(attrition)12000次以上表面不起球(ball)。沙发面料可分为国产的和进口的，欧美专业厂家生产的沙发专用(special)面料品质优良，色差(chromatism,colour difference)极小，色牢度高，织品无纬斜(skew)，特别是一些高档面料为提高防污(prevent)能力，表面还进行了特种(special type)处理(treat with)。进口高档面料还具有抗静电(anlistatig)、阻燃等功能。买布艺沙发要选择面料经纬线细密平滑(smoothness)，无跳丝，无外露(come out)接头，手感有绷劲的。缝纫要看针脚是否均匀(equality)平直，两手用力扒接缝(joint)处看是否严密(rigorous, close, tight)，牙子边(side)是否滚圆丰满(full, round)。

看包布(wrapped fabric,cloth)

包布要看面料是否紧紧贴覆(keep close to)内部填充(filled)物，是否平整(level up)挺括，特别是两个扶手和座、背结合处要过渡(transition)得自然(natural)、无碎褶(pleat,fold,tuck)。如果是圆形和半圆形(semicircular)扶手，要看圆弧(arc)处是否圆滑(smooth)流畅、丰满美观。花卉(flower)图案(pattern,design)或方格(pane)图案的面料要看拼接处(joint)花形是否搭配一致(accordant, coherent)，方格是否横(horizontal)平(flat)竖直(upright)，没有倾斜(incline,lean)或扭曲(distort,)。最后坐下来试一试，感觉一下座、背的倾角(obliquity)或背座上面弧度是否同腰(waist,middle)、背、臀及腿(leg)弯四个部位贴切吻合(inosculate)；枕部同背的高度是否合适(appropriate,right)，扶手高低是否同两只胳膊(arm)自然伸开放平时相合；坐感是否舒适，起立时是否自如。站起来后再看一下臀部、背靠部和扶手处的面料是否有明显松弛(looseness)且很久恢复(comeback)不了的褶子。

看泡沫海绵的选择

高档沙发坐垫应使用密度在30公斤/立方米以上的高弹泡沫海绵，背垫应使用密度25公斤/立方米以上的高

些在坐垫内设置立式弹簧(pocket spring)，使沙发具有更高的回弹性和抗老化(anti-aging)性能。一般情况下，人体坐下后沙发坐垫以凹陷(sunken)10厘米左右为最好.

(五)选用沙发：

1、功能尺寸：沙发款式与造型美观的同时，亦符合人提工程学，即造型美与舒适感相结合。按功能尺寸的要求选择：单人沙发座前宽B≥480mm，三人沙发B≥1440mm；沙发座深T=480mm～600mm，座前高

H1≤=360mm～420mm；扶手高H≤250mm。还应注意人坐沙发上后，腰、背部应能与沙发靠背紧贴。

2、弹簧：弹簧的装钉(nail)绷扎均应牢固(firm, deep-set, locked-in)，徒手重压座面应无金属摩擦(friction)撞击(impact)声。

3 配件：各种装饰性零件应率固无松动；外露金属配件表面及边沿(fringe,edge)处应无明显毛刺和缺口(gap, separation)；金属配件和弹簧不得生锈(rust)。有木架的沙发要求架不变形(not transformative)，不被腐蚀(erode)，油漆不发泡(froth)，不裂线(split, crack)及脱落(fall off, brush off)，表面光滑明亮，颜色协调(harmonious)。

4、衬垫物：严禁使用不卫生的(insanitary, insalutary)杂物(sundries)和损伤(hurt)人体安全的物质，不允许使用旧料(second material)和霉烂(mildew)变质的衬垫料。

5、颜色：注意沙发的皮色、款式与房间装饰的色彩及格调是否协调。

(六)判断沙发质量:

沙发的内在质量不容忽视。普通消费者如果仅凭坐一坐、压一压是难以判断的。惟一的方法是看一看里面使用的弹簧、板材及海绵等填充物的质量。好的沙发，内部弹簧要求进行了防锈(anti-rust)处理，所用木材要求刨光(plane,polish)，不能有疤(scar)节等。凡不合格的均应属于劣质品。

目前，在沙发中弹簧已不太常用，大部分的沙发主要使用海棉及软纤维(soft fiber)，一张好沙发通常会用三种以上的不同密度的海棉和软纤维来塑造(shape)造型及实现(realize)不同部分应具有的不同软硬程度和总体的舒适度。另外，有一种简便地被许多人赞同的分辨沙发质量好坏的办法，即走到沙发背后，用双手扶着沙发后背向自己一侧下压，看沙发前部能否被翘起来，据称好沙发是不会被轻松翘起来的，使用这种方法完全不能让它有丝毫动摇者为最佳。这是一种简单区分沙发整体框架牢固度的好方法。

(七)健康沙发工艺细则:

A底架(frame):

沙发的底架是产品能长期(long-term)使用的重要基础(base)。底架的选材是经过烘干(drying)、防虫(mothproof)等特殊工艺处理的优质硬木(hardwood)，由经验丰富的木工师傅精心制作而成

(do,produce,finish)，可长久承受(endure,support)您的休息和孩子的蹦跳(caper, flip, frisk)，有着足够的适用性(applicability)、耐久性(wearability)。

B 坐垫(mattress):

海绵(sponge)是沙发主要用料，依据每款沙发的设计特点，选用高弹绵、中超绵、软超绵、加硬绵几个系列的海绵作为做店的制作材料。

1 高弹(elasticity)绵：分为绿高弹和灰高弹两种。主要特点是密度高、回弹力及回弹硬度(rigidity)好，承压(endure,support,hold,bear,undertake)力强、不易变形、坐感舒适，是中高档沙发的理想坐垫用绵。

2 软超绵：手感好、弹性佳、软硬度适中，通常是中高档沙发扶手及靠背用绵。

3 中超绵：硬度弹性较好、密度适中、承压力强，多用于沙发的背面和侧面坐垫。

4 加硬绵：超高档沙发的坐垫与扶手的理想用绵。

C 打底布:

运用韧性(tenacity, toughness)强、富有弹力的优质细麻布(flax)打底，清爽干燥(dry)、透气(breathe freely)性好且结实(solid)耐用，适用于各种气候(climate)的地区。

D 面料:

为达到沙发的款式、造型与颜色的平衡(balance)，设计师精心选择其适用的面料，通常选用的为染色布和色织布，色牢度均达到国家的标准。手感细腻(exquisite)柔顺(facile)，立体感(third dimension)强，适合干洗(dry cleaning)，不变性不退色(fade)。

E 金属配件:

金属配件是沙发重要的组成部分，其品质的优劣直接影响沙发的观感、手感及耐用性，沙发的五金配件应一律选择表面处理无瑕疵(flaw)、光滑，电镀(plating)均匀的优质五金配件，已显现产品的材质美感。

F 靠垫(cushion for leaning on)、抱枕:

经过除尘(cleanness)、水洗(wash)、消毒(antisepsis, disinfection)、分毛和特殊的脱脂处理后的羽毛是沙发首选的填充材料，能有效达到防菌、防敏感的使用标准，且干爽舒适，无异味。而且低布采用高支纱的全棉纺织布，可防止羽毛外露。

(八)沙发选料：

1 面料:国产布、进口布。选用的布艺都是经公司用水洗(wash)、机洗(machine wash)和干洗(dry cleaning)测试(test,inspect)过，达到产品合格的标准，不掉色(fade)、不起球(ball)、不缩水(shrink)。植绒面料有防静电(anti-static)宜清洁和耐磨性的特点。

2 沙发框架:经过选料-烘干(drying)-开料-刨光(plane,polish)等过程。选用优质杂木、落叶松木材，采用烘干机，经过烘干刨光以后达到防腐防虫的效果。含水率(containing water or moisture rate)低于。

3 海绵:使用高回弹，柔软、透气性能佳，回弹力强、不易变形(not distortion)的海绵。

(九)沙发海绵的标准:

分为：25、30、35、38高密度海绵

正常的沙发应用密度在30公斤/立方米以上的高弹泡沫海绵，背垫应使用密度25公斤/立方米以上的高弹泡沫海绵。为提高坐卧舒适度，有些泡沫还在确保不降低密度的前提下，做了软处理，有些在坐垫内设置立式弹簧，使沙发具有更高的回弹性和抗老化性能。一般情况下，人体坐下后沙发坐垫以凹陷10厘米左右为最好

坐垫分为全海绵坐垫和弹簧内芯坐垫。

全海绵坐垫应使用高回弹，柔软、透气性能佳，回弹力强、不易变形的海绵；

弹簧内芯坐垫应采用独立包装结构设计，内芯弹簧采用优质特殊加锰材料，上中下直径相等结构。

家具，家居，沙发木架wood frame 单人桑拿沙发arm chair 双人桑拿沙发 loveseat 棱角sharp edge

海棉foam 嵌条welt cord

木架相关：

木架Wood(en) frame 硬木、实木Hard wood\Solid wood

夹板, 胶合板 Plywood 木材Lumber

干燥的Dried 树瘤Tree tumor(Burls)

虫孔Wormhole 霉斑Visible mold

蛇形簧Serpentine spring/Zigzag spring 绷带Elastic Bandage

海绵相关：

海绵Foam 密度Density 回性Elasticity

软硬度 Flex 硬的Hard 软的Soft

海绵包 Sponge bag 弹簧包Spring Package 防火的Fireproof 防火绵Fireproof(ing) foam

英标防火绵UK Standard Fireproofing Foam

美标防火绵CA Standard Fireproofing Foam

皮料相关：

真皮Genuine leather 人造皮（合成革）Synthetic leather

进口皮Imported leather 再生皮Bounded leather

头层皮Top (leather) 二层皮 Split (leather)

全粒面皮Full grain leather 水牛皮Buffalo leather

（黄）牛皮 Cattle hide PU、PVC 两种做配皮的人造皮

色差Color difference 色深Color depth

颜色太深（浅）The color is dark(light).

尺寸相关：（1英寸=2.54里面 1 Inch=2.54CM）

尺寸Dimension 长length 宽width 高height

坐垫高Seat height 扶手高Arm height 桑拿沙发脚高度 Sofa leg height

桑拿沙发相关描述：

桑拿沙发床 Sofa bed 功能桑拿沙发Functional sofa

转角桑拿沙发 Corner sofa 组合桑拿沙发Sectional sofa

功能椅Function(al) chair 转椅Swivel chair

单人位Single chair、One seater sofa 两人位Love seat、Two seater sofa 三人位Sofa、Three seater Sofa 转角 Corner 躺位Chaise loungu 坐垫Seat Cushion 靠背 backrest 扶手armrest

坐前front 桑拿沙发背部 back 桑拿沙发侧面Side

桑拿沙发脚sofa leg 桑拿沙发皮套 leather coat 车缝sewing

车缝线sewing line 针脚 Stitch

包装相关：

包装packing 包装方式Packing method

无纺布Non-woven(fabric) 气泡袋Bubble Bag

毛毯Woolen blanket 塑料编织袋Plastic bag

纸箱Carton 五层瓦楞纸 5 ply corrugated board

天地盒Cover and tray carton 纸箱强度Carton strength

散装in bulk

客：你好刘先生，请问这是你们工厂还是公司，或者展厅。

where I can see the products, where we are heading for? factory or office, showroom?

我：是我们的公司，里面有展厅，有着你要的那些产品可以观看。

This is our company along with showroom. you can meet all products there.

客：你们的工厂在哪里？

Where is your factory?

答：在深圳关外，广州，我们有三个工厂，木质、玻璃钢、沙发蒙皮

Outside downtown. and another one in Guangzhou. we have professional wooden/fiberglass/upholstery producers.

客：你们什么时候建立的

how long have you been established?

我：1998年

客：时间很长了

well. such a long time?

我递上名片：是的，现在我们出口额在700万美金左右，在这行已经很久了。我指着他手里FREEROOM 的图册：这一家是专业做沙发的，大概有三年历史。

Yes. now our turnover of exportation is around 7 million. we have been this area for a long time. (watched the catalogue in his hand)

This is a sofa manufacturer with 3 years history.

客：你们有图册吗？

Do you have catalogue?

我：有的，除网站之外，我们也有图册。

Yes, besides the web we have catalogue too.;

客：你们是工厂还是贸易公司？

Are you a manufacturer or just trading.

我：我们属于设计类公司，自己出资购买原版，和那些专业的木制，五金，玻璃钢，弯木等专业家具制造者合作。和他们有着5年以上的加工制造协议。所以我们一般的家具都会很专业，只做高档市场。我们提

We are belonging to a design company. Cooperated with the professional

wooden/hardware/fiberglass/veneer furniture manufacturers with a 5 years agreement of design & production. They cannot sell to any ones. So our market towards to the premium market. We offer the stock and material to keep basic sales rate.

客：那样很好，但是我们能有机会去看厂吗？

That sounds great, but if there is any opportunity to see your factory?

我：我们一般是合作以后才会，不过大部分产品什么的你可以在我们仓库验货看到。而且我们的供应商分布不均，比如这款弯木椅是在韶关制作，大概400多公里，这款办公椅是在中山，200多公里。但是我们常住QC和采购在厂里控制所有。所有包装会在出货前在仓库重新审核或再包装。我们现在除了质量，服务优势之外，由于年采购量大，价格方面也有优势，对于每款产品的数量，我们可以重新根据现实汇率再给一个比较竞争力的价格。

Maybe after cooperation. but majority of products that you can see in our warehouse in your inspection. and our producers are dividedly in different cities. For example this chair was produced in Shaoguan, about 400kms far .this office chair produced in Zhongshan, about 200kms far. But usually our QC and buyer lived in factory to control everything. all packaging must be controlled in our warehouse before load on truck and container. Except for the quality and service. we have competitive point on prices because we kept a buying rate each year. Regarding the quantity of each product we can see the currency now and give a nicer pricing to you.

客：你们的确很专业。那样的话到时我们去你们仓库验货也是可以的。

Definitely you are professional. so we will see if we can inspect your goods at your warehouse then我：这些皮管全是真皮，意大利皮，并且有半ANILINE。

This piping are full italian leather with aniline dyed.

客：皮制比先看的两家要好，但是垫子厚度怎么会

The leather is better than your competitions. but seems the cushions are not very thick.

我：原版是九公分，这是原版COPY出来的，如果你看到是大垫子，那表明是错误的做法，在国外销售的单价会打折扣。

Original vintage is 9cm.this is copied by vintage and if you saw a thick cushion that is wrongly pruduction.when you can only sell 1/5 of original vintage price,but if the sample more like original will make it at least 1/3 of original vintage price.

客：为什么坐垫下面是布？

Why there is fabric under the cushion.？

我：原版的下面也是布，但是靠垫是皮.

Original is also fabric, but the back cushion is full leather.

我将靠垫递给客人，客人表示满意。

我：您看看这个弯度，这个坐垫和鞍皮带的角度，如果您看过原版您应该知道，我在瑞典也有客人，他们卖得非常好。

You see this bend part and angle between saddle leather straps and seat cushion. if you saw original you

客：虽然我个人喜欢厚一点的，但是你说过你的东西象原版，也许真的依照你说的的确薄的会好。although I like to be little more thick, but you told your goods more like original vintage. so perhaps you are right.

我：您看一下五金抛光，看一下这些线条。

Please check the polish work and piping.

客：我很满意

Yes it is good.

客人第二个看的是CF021

我将脚踏放了下来

客：非常不错，你们的确做的时间很长

Very nice., seems you really did a long time on this.

我：您看，这皮管也是真皮。坐垫靠垫全是PU海棉。木纹清晰，接口干净。

You see this full leather. the cushion is made of polyurethane foam. Clear curve and clean connection. 客：的确好看，能看一下背面吗

sure. can I see its back?

我：转了过来，给他看了深胡桃色的背面

客：非常好看

Nice

我：这两根脚都是全铝的，是HERMAN MILLER的版本。我们曾经因为产品太象还收到过他们的律师信This is full alu.herman miller version. we used to receive lawyer letters because too similar as original. 客：这个背面还可以做什么颜色？

Can you do any other colors?

我：可以做8种颜色，我们网站上有色板

we can do 8 colors more. There is color pads at our web.

客：谢谢

thank you.

我：皮也可以做四种颜色

We also can do 4 colors of leather.

客人第三个看的办公椅

客：这办公椅真的质量很好

Yes it is very nice quality

我：您看，这个和原版一样，是热压的，很多人坐缝线的。这个模具也是全铝合金一次成模的。很多人把这个经典系列是用材料零件拼出来的。

you see this is hot seam as original. Many people do stitiching, and this base is a molded model, many supplier do combinations.

客：对！我看过原版，原版是热压的。我相信你们是买过原版COPY的。

yes I have seen original vintage at Stockholm. it is hot seam. I believe that you bought a vintage.

you see this ellipse part, did wrote "vitra"

客：（笑）你对原版的确也很熟悉

You are very familiar with original vintage too.

我：这个椅可以坐三种高度，120#管比较适合北欧市场。

This chair can do 3 heights. And 120# is more suitable for Scandinavian Market.

客：对，我刚想问这个问题

Yes I was about to ask.

我：您试坐一下，感觉一下

Please try it and feel.

客：十分感谢。

Thank you very much.

客人第四个看的CF009

问：这个是下面有木的吗

Are there any wooden parts downstairs?

我：这和原版一样，是用皮垫拼的，（我拿出一块皮垫）

This is like original vintage, combined by leather cushion.

客：的确，这就是我想要的原版效果。

This is exactly I want

我：（累）对不起展厅太小，拔不出来

Sorry this is small space and I cannot get it out.

客：行了，关键是看看下面就好了，我很满意

It is enough to see only the part below. it is good.

客人看的第五个CF005

问：你们能做橡皮筋的钢架连接吗

Can you do plastics instead of nylon fabric?

我：可以的，不过这样的布带更扎实

Yes, but it is more stable when use the elastic cloth/

问：你们的这个躺椅一般，和其他人差不多，价格好象过贵了一点

The chaise is just so so. And price little more high.

我：我们使用的钢管是2MM的，而其他很多人用1.5MM，这样我们的也更稳，然后我们和他们的皮质也不一样。

We used 2mm thickness stainless steel tubular and many people used 1.5mm, and we are more stable and our leather is different.

问：好的，这个我需要考虑考虑，躺椅似乎不是你们的优势。

Sure, But I have to consider about it. Maybe your company not focus on this item.

我：到时候你一起买的时候，我们可以考虑给个更好的价格，但是我能肯定你在国外这款躺椅一定能卖到更好的价格。

问：好的，我相信你。

Sure thing.

客人跟我去谈价格：

问：CF004 我要40个椅，20个脚踏你能给我什么价格。

I need 40 chairs with 20 ottomans what price can you offer me?

我：在现行汇率之下，椅子我们一般报出去220USD/pc 脚踏是120USD/PC

In actual currency this chair we usually quoted 220USD/pc,120 for ottoman.

客：你能给我200USD/pc. 100USD/pc吗

Can you do 200/chair 100/ottoman?

我：如果是样品单的话我们会报到400美金一套，您也看到了质量，我们不会牺牲任何质量来打价格战If we do sample order we will quote 400. you saw quality and we never sacrifice quality for price war. 客：那好吧，210USD/pc 115USD/pc

That is fine 210 and 150

我：好的，汇率计算为7.1

Currency calculated as 1:7.1

客：以后美圆会回来的

It will come back again.

我：回来之后我们会调整价格。：）

When it is back we will adjust to the rate today.

客：CF021呢

What about lounge chair set

我：一般为380USD，给你可以360USD

Normally 380. but we can offer 360.

客：345USD吧，我可以尝多拿一点

Maybe 345 then i can take more.

我：柜型大概多大

What type of container.

客：40尺以上

40ft or hq

我：好的，价格接受

Okay accepted

客：CF035 CF018

Office chairs.

我：批发价格一般是230美金

whole price normally 230USD

客：210美金如何

我：20件以上可以做到

More than 20pcs we can do.

客：好的，我尽量

Okay I will try best for this!

客：CF005 能做到170左右吗

Can you 170 at chaise?

我：最低只能210，而且我们只有几美金的毛利

Lowest 210.and we only have 10 usd as profit.

客：我考虑一下

I will think about it.

客：那好吧，我暂时很满意，质量很好，也很专业。和你给我介绍的都是一样的，在本周我会给你答复能否在你这里落单，当然价格方面我们也有近一步的保留，不过你们的质量真的不错。那么，你有车能送送我们吗，我来了两家工厂，他们都有车来接，并且老板也一起陪同。

Okay. that is good. Currently I am very satisfied. Nice quality and nice company. I will reply you this week to see if I can place order. of course I will sit on computer to compare everything then make a decision. By the way, can you send me to the hotel? I visited 2 factories they all picked me up