初中英语选词填空解题技巧

根据平时的观察，学生在做英语的“选词填空”时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，分享平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略，希望能给同学们提供一点帮助。

“选词填空”要求学生利用所给的12个词汇(一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还

match-matches, friend-friend's/friends'

sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, danger-dangerous；

- to do, 固定搭配-enjoy

用法；

★对于数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ；

★对于冠词，只需要在 a或an之间判别，如a girl /an old man;

★对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。

为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：

空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有 's 不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基” 和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。

总结：做题技巧

1．统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择围。

2．根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择围,从而正确地选词。

3．利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。

4．复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。

例题：（2010年省中招选词填空题节选）

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答写在短文后相应题号的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。

dirty with have always time they large want speak

lesson first drop

After a quick breakfast, I went into the lecture hall in a hurry．A famous teacher was 66 to the students．He was holding up a $100 bill．Then he said to the three hundred students，“Who wo uld like this $100 bill?” The students put up 67 hands at once．Then he said，“I am going to give this $100 bill to one of you，but 68 ，let me do this．”He made the bill into a ball．Then he said. “Who 69 it now?” The hands went back into the air．“Well,” h e said，“what if I do this?” and he 70 it on the floor and stepped on it．He picked up the7lbill and said．“Who still wants it?” Hands went back again into the air.” My friends,” he said，“you have learned a valuable(有价值的) 72 today．No matter what I did to the $100 bill! Many 73 in our life，we are dropped and stepped on．We feel as if we are worth nothing．But remember, no matter what 74 happened to you，you will never lose your value：You are 75 valuable to those people who love you．Your value doesn’t come from what you do or whom you know, but who you are.”

1. 单词诠释；进行预判

2.缺词通读全文，经行预判

3. 瞻前顾后，仔细填空，注意单词的变形。针对性练习：

（一）

Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1____________him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were2____________there.

One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 ____________to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing4 ____________the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5____________up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6____________by the man. He said angrily, “That’s 7____________!” Mr. Brown’ s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.

When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six

umbrellas ready. After a good look at8 ____________of them, he said, “You’ve mended them very well.”

In the afternoon he got into the train again. The9____________man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “You’ve had a10 ____________day,” he said.

（二）

Light travels at a speed(速度) which is about a million times 1 ____________than that of sound. 2___________one second, light travels about 300,000 kilometers, but sound travels only 340 meters. You can get some idea of this difference by 3 ______________the start of a running match. If you stand far away from the starter(发令员), you can see smoke 4 ____________from his gun 5____________ the sound reaches your ears.

The fast speed of light produces some strange facts. The nearest star is 6 ____________far away that light which you can see from it tonight started to travel to you four years 7____________at a speed of nearly two million kilometers every minute. The light from some of tonight’s started on 8 ____________journey towards you even before you were born.

So, if we want to be honest, we 9 ____________say, “The stars are shining brightly tonight.” We have to say, “The stars look nice. They were 10___________four years ago but their light has just reached our earth. ”

（三）

the students 1 ____________was that all the cups on the table

were2___________. Each of them took a cup and started 3

______________their own tea, looking at the 4 ____________ cups.

The teacher said; "Do you notice your 5____________? You are all looking at each other's tea cups and

6 ____________of you even envy (羡慕) the 7____________cups of others."Then he went on: "I put the different cups here on purpose! Life is like 8 ___________tea. You all have the same thing in your cups—tea. And yet you can't9 ____________enjoy it in your envy of another's cup. You forget 10___________your own life when you envy someone else's life. So now, taste your own tea! Does it matter from which cup it comes from?" （四）

all his life. 1 ____________you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her 2___________. When you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after you day and night and forgets about 3 ______________. When you are 4 ____________up day by day, she feels very happy. When you are old enough to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time. On cold winter days, she always tells you to put on 5____________clothes. She always stands in the wind 6 ____________for you back from school. When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she always feels

7____________about you at home. She usually knows about your study and 8 ___________much money on your school things. When you do well at school, the brightest smile will be 9 ____________on her face.

Mother is always ready to give everything she 10___________to her children, not to receive. What true love that is in the world! We will remember Mother Love for ever.

典型例题1.inventor 2. asking 3.how 4.so 5. more 6.to be 7.interested 8.playing 9. safety 10.thankful

（一）1.brought 2.mended 3. forgot 4. beside 5.picked 6. stopped 7. mine 8.each 9. same 10. lucky

（二）1.faster 2.In 3. watching 4. come 5. before 6. so 7. ago 8. its 9. cannot 10. shining

（三）l．surprised 2．different 3．drinking4．others’ 5．behavior 6．some 7．finer 8．this 9．really l0．to enjoy

（四）71-80 When , arms , hersef , growing , more , waiting , worried , spends , seen , has

补全对话题型解读

中考采用的都是给出选项的形式，它共有5小题，每题要求选出符合情境的一个句子，完成一段10到14个来回的对话，以此来考查学生在具体情景和上下文中口语交际的能力。《英语新课程标准》要求学生掌握初中毕业生学会使用一些常用的功能意念项目以达到初步交际的目的。这些功能意念项目包括：问候、介绍、告别、感、道歉、邀请、请求允许、祝愿和祝贺、提供帮助、约会、打、就餐、就医、购物、问路、谈论天气、语言交际困难、提醒注意、劝告、建议等20个项目。

1.对职业提问：What does his father do? His father is a doctor.

2.对人物身份提问：Who is the boy? He is my friend.

3.对人物性格提问：What is your teacher like? He is kind-hearted.

4.对人物长相提问：What does Tom look like? He is very tall and has curly hair.