八年级上学期期中考试题

八年级上学期期中考试题
八年级上学期期中考试题

八年级上学期期中考试题

辛 兴 初 中

一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分)

1.下列各式变形正确的是( )

A. B.

C. D.

2. 在大写的英文字母B ,T ,X ,Y ,H 中,有两条对称轴的是( ) A 、B ,H B 、T ,X C 、U ,Y D 、H ,X

3.因式分解(x – 1)2

– 9 的结果是( )

A.(x+8)(x+1)

B. (x+2)(x - 4)

C. (x - 2)(x+4)

D. (x+8)(x - 10)

4.若等腰三角形中有一个角等于50o

,则这个等腰三角形的顶角的度数为( )

A. 50o

B. 80o

C. 50o 或65o

D. 50o 或80o 5.()()()31

231

2

91

42

x x x

-

+-

等于( ) A 、 81116

4

x

+

B 、 81116

4

x -

C 、 8192

116

4

2

x

x

-

+

D 、 8198

118

4

2

x

x

+

+

6.将分式3

5

2

1

y x

y x +-的分子和分母中的各项系数都化为整数,应为( )

A.

y

x y x 532+- B.

y

x y x 531515+- C.

y

x y x 1063015+- D.

y

x y x 352+-

7.下列运算正确的是( ) A.a

b a

b 11+-=+-

B.

123

16+=+a a

C.(- a – b )2

=a 2

+2ab+b 2

D.

x y y

x y

x

y x

+=--

-2

2

8.甲、乙二人去商店买东西,他们所带的钱数之比是7:6,甲用掉50元,乙用掉60元,

二人余下钱数之比是3:2,则余下的钱数分别是( )

A. 140元、120元

B.60元、40元

C. 90元、60元

D. 80元、80元

9. 若关于x 的方程

2

12

1--=

-+x m x x 产生增根,则m 是( )

A 、1

B 、2

C 、3

D 、4

10.如图,直线L 是一条小河,P,Q 两地相距8千米,P,Q 两地到L 的距离分别是2千米,5千米,欲在 L 上的某点M 处修建一个水泵站,向P,Q 两地供水.现有如下四种铺设方案,

图中实线表示铺设的管道,则铺设的管道最短的是( )

Q ●

Q

Q ● Q ● Q ● P ● P ● P ● P ● P ●

L L L L L M M M M A B C D

二、填空题(每小题3分,共30分)

11.分解因式:2a 2 – 4ax+2x 2= .

12.从汽车的后视镜中看到某汽车车牌的后55位号码

是 .

13.如果x+y= - 4,x – y=8,那么代数式x 2 —y 2的值是 . 14. 化简:要使分式|x|-1

x -1 的值为零,x 的值应为 。 15.观察图3所示图形,其中是轴对称图形的

有 个。 图2

图3 16. 当x ______________时,分式 x+1

x-3

有意义; 17.已知=-=+

2

a

1a 6a

1a ),则( .

18.△ABC 的周长为60,∠A 和∠B 的平分线相交于点P ,若点P 到边AB 的距离为10,则△ABC 的面积为 .

19. 化简:(2a b )2 -a b ÷b

2a = 。

20.把多项式2

2

242my mxy mx

+-分解因式的结果是 .

三、解答题(共60分)

21.(8分)先化简,再求值:

.1,2

1),)(()2(3

2

2

-==

-+-÷--b a b a b a b b ab

b a 其中

22.(16分)(1)解方程:x

x x -+

=-222

3

(2)先化简代数式(a +1a -1 +1a 2-2a +1 )÷a

a -1 ,然后取一个合适a 值,代入求值。

23.(10)如图,在一块边长为a 厘米的正方形纸板四角, 各剪去一个边长为b )2(a

b ?厘米的正方形,利用因式

分解计算当a=13.2,b=3.4时,剩余部分的面积。

24.(8分)如图所示,在△ABC 中,AB=AC=5,AB 的垂直平分线DE 交AB,AC 于点E,D 。若△BCD 周长为8,求BC 的长。

B

25.(12分)A 、B 两地相距50千米,甲骑自行车从A 地出发1小时30分钟后,乙骑摩托车从A 地出发,已知乙的速度是甲的速度的2.5倍,且乙比甲提前1小时到达B 地,求甲、乙的速度。(10分)

26.(6分)如图,A,B,C 三点表示三个镇的地理位置,三镇恰好位于三条公路交叉点,随着乡镇工业的发展需要,现在三镇联合建造一所大型变电站,要求变电站到三条公路距离相等,请画出变电站的位置(用P 点表示),并简单说明理由. ●A

B ● ●C

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