牛津初中英语定语从句讲与练(通用).doc
定语从句
在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句.
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词.
引导定语从句的关系代词有 who, whose, whom, which, that, as ;
引导定语从句的关系副词有 when, where, why;
关系代词在定语从句中做主语, 宾语 , 定语 .
关系副词在定语从句中做状语.
一.由 who, 引导的定语从句 ,who 在从句中做主语 ( 口语中也可做宾语 ), 修
饰表示人的先行词 . 例如 :
This is t he man who helped me .
Do you know the comrade who spoke just now ?
The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John ’s brother.
二.whom引导的定语从句 ,whom在从句中作宾语 , 修饰表示人的先行词 ,
口语中可以省略 .
The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.
The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.
=The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后whom不能省略 ) The babies whom the nurses are looking for are very healthy.
( 固定短语中的介词一般不省略, 介词仍放在动词之后 )
三.whose 引导的定语从句 ,whose 在从句中作定语 , 修饰表示人或物的先行词 .
Do you know the woman whose name is Mary.
Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.
四.that 引导的定语从句 ,that 在从句中做主语或宾语 , 修饰表示人或物的先行词 , 作宾
语时可省略 , 不能放在介词后面作宾语 .
The letter (that//which) I received was from my father.
I can ’t find the letter that//which came this morning.
Do you still remember the days ( that//which )we spent together ?
This is the man that//who helped me.
The house (that//which) we live in is not large.
=The house in which we live is not large.
The doctor (that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room.
五. which 引导的定语从句 ,which 在从句中做主语 , 也可做宾语 , 或介词的宾语 , 修
饰表示物的先行词 . 先行词可以是词、短语、句子。
This is the book (which/that ) you want.
The building which//that stands near the river is our school.
The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.( 介词后面的 which 不能省略 )
The house (which/that) we live in is not large.
This is the watch (which/that ) he was looking for.
( 在含有介词的动词固定词组中 , 介词只能放在动词之后 , 不能放在 which 之前 )
六、 that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词,但是下列情况只能用①. 先行词为不定冠词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing
All (that) you have to do is to practise every day.
There isn ’ t much (that) I can do. that.
等.
②. 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.
The first lesson(that) I learned will never be forgotten.
This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
③. 先行词被 all, any, every, few, little, no, some等不定代词修饰时
I have read all the books(that) you gave me.
④. 先行词被 the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时.
The white flower is the only one that I really like.
This is the very book that I want to read.
This is the same book that I want to read. (同一本书)
.
----This is the same book as I want to read.
⑤.当主句以 who或 which 开的特殊疑句 , 定从句 that 引 . Who is the
man that is standing there ?
Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this ?
⑥先行既有人又有物。
We talked about the persons and things that we could remember.
⑦time 做先行，前面如果有序数或last 来修，定从句用that 来引
或省略；如果没有序数或last 来修，既可用 when 也可用 that 来引。 This is the last time ( that ) I shall give you a lesson.
The first time ( that ) I saw him was in 1972.
It ’s time ( that ) we got up.
七、 as 引的定从句，
as 用作关系代和关系副引限定性定从句，在从句中作主、定、表、
或状，常与 the same ? as; such?as , so?as , as?
as 用。
I like the same book as you do.
I want to have such a dictionary as he has.
I shall do it in the same way as you did.
He is the same age as you ( are ).
He will give you such information as will help you.
Such students as you have mentioned should be criticized.
=Students such as you have mentioned should be criticized.
在 the same ?后也可用 that引定从句，但意有所不同：
that引出的定从句，指的是与先行同一事物；而as 引出的定从句是与先行相似的同事物。
I want to use the same tool that I used yesterday.
I want to use the same tool as I used yesterday.
八、由 when 引的定从句，修表示的先行，when关系副，
做定语从句的时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.
(介词＋which可以代替when)
I ’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
[I remember the days which//that we spent together.]
九、由 where 引导的定语从句，修饰表示地点的先行词，where 为关系副词，
做定语从句的地点状语。
This is the place where we lived for five years.
The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
The factory in which his father works is in the west of the city.
( 介词＋ which 可以代替 where)
[ This is a place which//that I wanted to visit. ]
十、 Why引导的定语从句， why做原因状语。
I know the reason why he came late.
The reason why he was late was that he was ill.
============================================================= 非限定性定语从句
1.who 指人，做主语。
Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy.
2. whom指人 ,作宾语.
He had many friends, many of whom had been in the universities.
3. whose 指人 ,作定语.
The Chairman ’ s daughter, whose name is Ann, gave Tom a smile.
4. which 指物 ,做主语,宾语.
His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on.
The speech, which he had written on the paper, seemed endless.
5. where 指地点 ,作状语.
Galileo lived in the city of Pisa, where there is a leaning tower
about 180 feet high.
6.when 指时间 , 作状语 .
The meeting will be put off till next month, when we will have made all
the preparations.
7.as 做主语 , 表语 , 宾语 ; 先行词可以是一个词 , 一个短语或一个句子 . To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.
As we all know, he studies very hard.
As 引导的定语从句可放在主句前, 也可放在主句后 . 在很多情况下已经构成固定搭配 .
As everybody can see As can be seen
As is known to all，as you know
as has been said before as is often said
as was usual
as I expected
as may be imagined as is expected
as is reported
as is announced
限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别：
限定性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就
不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。
非限定性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，
如果去掉，主句的意思依然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用
that引导。
*******
as 和 which引导的非限定性定语从句的比较：
1.非限定性定语从句位于句未，而且 as 和 which 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语时可
互换。
He is a farmer, as/which is clear from his manner.
This elephant is like a snake, as/which anybody can see.
2.which引的非限定性定从句一般放在句未，而as 引的非限定性定从句
可放在句未，也可放在句中、句首。放在句首不能用which 替。
Crusoe lost his dog, which made him very sad
Taiwan is part of China, as/which is known to all.
As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.
3.as 引非限定性定从句，意“ 一点、件事”，常与 see ， hope ，expect ，
know，guess 等搭配；而which 引非限定性定从句与主句有一种因果关
系，可“所以??” 。
Cyprus, as you all know, is in the Mediterranean.
Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.
4.as 引非限定性定从句并在从句中作主，其后面的大多数必
是系。如果从句是行，必用which 。
He married her, as was natural.
She refused to take the medicine, which made her mother angry.
It rained hard yesterday, which prevented her from going to Shenyang.
He is absent, as is often the case.The end
Choose the best answers:
1. Carol said the work would be done by October, _____personally I doubt very
much.
A. it
B. that
C. when
D. which
2. _______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high
school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It
3. The fence in our garden, ______ my father built manyyears ago, has lasted
for a long time. A. that B. which C. what D.
where
4. There’ s still much ______ can be improved about it.
A. which
B. that
C. if
D. what
5. When lost in work, ____ he often was, he would forget all about eating
and sleeping. A. what B so C. just like D. as
6.Mr Johnson ’s son, ______ lives in Chicago, is a doctor.
A. who
B. whom
C. that
D. which
7. Wehad to delay the party till next week, ______ we should have something
important to do. A. when B. which C. at which D. in that
8.We traveled together as far as Chicago, ______ we said goodbye to
each other.
A. which
B. when
C. why
D. where
9. I ’ll never forget the years ______ I lived in the country with the farmers
______ has a great effect on my life.
A. that; which
B. when; which
C. which; that
D. when; who
10.He arrived in New York in 1896, _______, some time later, he became a
writer.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
11.She may have missed her train, in ______ case she won’t arrive for another
hour.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. this
12.He has madea wonderful discovery, _______ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is
B. which do I think is
C. I think which is
D. which I think it is
13.I ’ll remember the time _____ we spent together in the country.
A. that
B. when
C. during which
D. at which
14. I don’t believe the reason ______ he has given for his being late.
A. why
B. that
C. how
D. what
15.There were two small rooms in the house, ______ served as a kitchen.
A. the smaller of which
B. the small of which
C. the smaller of them
D. the smaller one
16.He lived in London for 3 years, during _____ time he learned someEnglish.
A. this
B. which
C. that
D. same
17.Will you please show me the way to the only tall building _______ stands
near the post office. A. x B. in which C. that D.
where
18.Alice has a large collection of photos, ______ was taken in London.
A. none of them
B. no one of which
C.all of which
D. none of which
19.His sister had become a teacher, ______ was what he wanted to be.
A. who
B. what
C. that
D. which
20.Next winter _____ you’ll spend in Harbin, I’m sure, will be another
exciting holiday.
A. which
B. when
C. in which
D. where
21.With the fast development of agriculture, the people _____ village I
taught before have lived a happy life. A. who B. whose C. in
whose D. in which
22.The boss, _____ restaurant I am serving, is a kindhearted man.
A. in which
B. in whose
C. where
D. which
23.I fell most angry about the way ______ I’ ve been treated.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. how
24.He was rude to the Customs officer,_____ of course madethings even worse.
A. who
B. whom
C. what
D. which
25.There is a mountain _____ the top is always covered with snow.
A. whose
B. of which
C. it’s
D. that
26.He has had the same life ______ his father lived.
A. where
B. as
C. that
D. when
27.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course,
made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this
D. what
28.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese Vase, _____ was very reasonable.
A. which price
B. the price of which
C. its price
D. the price of
whose
29.The Chicago Bulls was madeup of the best basketball players in the States,
and ____ were black Americans.
A. most of them
B. most of whom
C. most of that
D. most of which
30. “ ______ break the law should be punished,” the judge shouted.
A. Someone
B. Anyone
C. Whoever
D. Those who
31.Is there a gas station around ______ I can get some petrol.
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. that
32.Is there anything else______ you require ?
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. what
33.The last place _______ we visited was the Great Wall .
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
34.He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly
in the school. A. which B. that C. who D.
when
35.The railway tunnel, through _____ the train goes will be completed soon.
A. which
B. that
C. it
D. whom
36.There is no dictionary _______you can find everything.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. in that
37.Next month, ______ you’ll spend in your hometown, is coming.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
38.Next month, ______ you’ll be in your hometown, is coming.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
39.He wanted to know the time ______ he needed to know.
A that B. when C. where D. what
40.There isn’t so much noise in the country _______ in big cities.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. as
41.They could only read such stories ______ had been rewritten in simple
42.Crusoe ’s dog became ill and died, _______ made him very lonely.
A. as
B. which
C. that
D. this
43._______ we know now, bats comes out only at night.
A. As
B. Which
C. That
D. What
44.John got beaten in the game, ______ had been expected.
A. as
B. that
C. what
D. who
45._______ has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules.
A. Which
B. What
C. That
D. As
46.I have bought two ballpens, ______writes well.
A. none of which
B. neither of which
C. none of them
D. neither of them
47. There are two thousand students in our school, ________ are girls.
A. of whom two-thirds
B. two-third of them
C. two-third in them
D. two-thirds in which
48. Do you know the man _________?
A. whom I spoke
B. to who I spoke
C. I spoke to
D. that I spoke
49. This is one of the best films ________ this year.
A. have been shown
B. that have shown
C. that have been shown
D. which has been shown
50.Is _______ some German friends visited last week ?
A. this school
B. this the school
C. this school one
D. this
school where
51.I ’ll tell you _______ he told me last month.
A. all which
B. all what
C. that all
D. all
52. I still remember the day _____ she first wore that pink dress.
A. which
B. in which
C. on that
D. on which
53. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn ?
A. that B x C. which D. it
54.I ’ve read all the books ______ were borrowed from the library.
A. that
B. x
C. which
D. they
55. You can take any seat _______ is free .
A. which
B. where
C. that
D. in which
56.A child ______ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. who
B. who ’ s
C. whose
D. which
57.Please pass me the dictionary ______ cover is black.
58.Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday ?
A.that
B. where
C. in which
D. the one
59.He has two sons, _______ work as chemists.
A.two of whom
B. both of whom
C. both of which
D. all of whom
60.I , ______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is
B. who am
C. that is
D. what is
61. The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from _____ you bought
A. that
B. which
C. the one
D. the one what
62.China has hundreds of islands, ________ the largest is Taiwan.
A.in which
B. at which
C. of which
D. which
63.This is the most important chapter ______ we should pay attention.
A.to whom
B. in which
C. at which
D. to which
https://www.360docs.net/doc/6213804473.html,st summer we visited the West Lake ______ Hangzhou is famous in
the world.
A.in which
B. for that
C. in that
D. for which
65.Gone are the days ______ Shanghai was a paradise for imperialist adventures.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. during
66. The children climbed the hill, ______ they picnicked.
A. on its top
B. on the top of it
C. on whose top
D. on the top
of that
67. At the school gate stands a blackboard, ______ reads “Welcome back”.
A. which
B. that
C. on which
D. where
68. _________, the compass was first in China.
A. It is known to all
B. It is known that
C. Weall know
D. As is known
to all
69. Jack is the only one of my friends who ______ helping me paint my house.
A. is B are C. was D. were
70.They turned out 600 washing machines, ______ are good quality.
A. most of them
B. most of which
C. most of that
D. most of where
71.We grow all our fruit and vegetables, ________ saves money, of course.
A. which
B. as
C. that
D. what
72. The people there slept on ____they called“ kang”, _____was very strange
A. what; which
B. where; as
C. which; it
D. that; which
The End
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初中英语定语从句专题训练答案
初中英语定语从句专题训练答案 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 考点：考查定语从句。 【详解】 试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。 3．–What are you looking for? –I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week. A．who B．which C．when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。 本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。
英语语法---定语从句讲练
定语从句 定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主句的全部或部分内容。定语从句分限制性定语参加和非限制性定语从句，限制性定语从句与它修饰的先行词关系紧密，不可去掉，他们之间没有逗号。非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响句子的完整性，与先行词之间有逗号隔开。定语从句一般放在被修饰的词之后。由关系代词或关系副词引导。 1.关系词及其作用 2.只能使用关系代词that的几种情况 （1）当先行词是everything，anything，something，nothing，all，none, little, few等时。 Is there anything that you don’t need? 有没有你们不需要的东西？
（2）当先行词被every, any ,all,some, no, little,few, much等修饰时。 I want to watch all the movies that were acted by Zhou Xingchi. 我想看周星驰演的所以电影。 （3）当先行词被the only, the very 等修饰时。 This is the only book that I can find. 这是我能找到的唯一的一本书。 （4）当先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most beautiful flower that I have ever seen.这是我见到过的最漂亮的花。 （5）当先行词既有人又有物时。 They talked about the peoples and the book that interested them. 他们谈论了让他们感兴趣的那些人和那本书。（6）当主句是以疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which is the hotel that you like best. 你最喜欢哪家宾馆？ 3.只能使用关系代词which的几种情况 （1）引导非限制性定语从句时。 There has just been a heavy rain, which makes the farmers delighted. 刚下过一场大雨，这让农民很高兴。 （2）关系代词跟在介词后时 The house in which they are living was built 50 years ago. 他们现在居住的房子是50年前建的。 （3）先行词本身是that时 What’s that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才天空一闪而过的是什么东西？ 4.定语从句的谓语动词 当关系词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩之一。（动词like 与先行词boys保持一致）He is the boy who comes from America. 他就是来自美国的那个男孩。（动词comes与先行词boy保持一致） 定语从句关系代词顺口溜 关系代词有五个，听我逐一来说破； which表物，人用who； 人物都用that顾，which用在逗号后，意表前句你要know； who 作主语很称职，whom用到宾语里；
高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案
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(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题(含答案)
定语从句讲解 一．基本介绍 ?功能：相当于adj,修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。 ?位置：被修饰词之后 ?先行词：被定语从句修饰的词 ?关系词：连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。 ?确定关系词的步骤：先看先行词，指的是什么；看关系词在充当的成份。 二．特殊用法
1.He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels______filled his bus. 2.The village is no longer the one ___it was five years ago. 5.Such books____you bought are useful. 2
3.Which are the books____you bought for me? 6.____ is known,the earth is round. 4.There is a room,_____window faces the river. 7.There is lots of air in loose snow,_____can keep the cold out. 3
高中定语从句练习（整理） 1. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the factory. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 2. We are going to spend this Spring Festival in Beijing, _____ live our grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 3. There are many areas in the world _____ lack experienced doctors. A. where B. in which C. which D. what 4. The years and months _____ we spent together are really wonderful to us all. A. when B. on which C. in which D. that 5. _____ has been described above, it is a general rule that solids expand as the temperature increases and contract when they are cooled. A. It B. As C. That D. Which 6. A. who’s B. which C. whose 7. Susan is not the brilliant writer _____ she used to be. D. this A. which B. that C. who D. whom 8. I, who _____ your friend, will try my best to help you. A. be B. am C. are D. is 9. The size of the audience, _____ we had expected, was well over 1600. A. as B. that C. which D. who 10. They have started an investigation, _____ are being kept secret. A. whose detail B. whose the details C. the details of which D. the detail of it 11. Have you ever asked him the reason _____ may explain his absence? A. why B. for which C. which D. what 12. There were two rooms in the beach house, _____ served as a kitchen. A. the smaller of them B. the smallest of which C. the smaller of which D. smallest of which 13. He imagined various ways _____ he could teach her how to learn English well. A. / B. that C. in which D. A , B & C 14. The speed _____ light travels is said to be the maximum in the universe. A. in which B. by which C. at which D. from which 15. Can you think out a situation _____ this idiom can be used? A. in which B. that C. where D. A & C 16. China has hundreds of islands, _____ is Taiwan. A. in which the largest B. its largest of which C. of which the largest D. which the largest 17. We ate in a luxurious restaurant but it wasn’t such a good dinner _____ she had promised us.