四六级考试改革长篇阅读解题方法

四六级考试改革后，原来的快速阅读调整为长篇阅读段落信息匹配题题型，关于这一题型的备考，不少同学可能不知道如何下手。该题型的解题基本思路是：先快速地将题干读一下，划出关键词；然后采用skimming和scanning的方式通读原文，配对信息。本文将结合英语四六级改革样卷深入探讨如何判断关键词，为同学们指点迷津。

【如何判断关键词】

什么是关键词呢？关键词是用来帮助我们定位信息的词汇。最理想的情况是：我们依靠所划的关键词迅速定位到信息所在的段落，从而得到答案。这就要求我们所划的关键词是独一无二的，它只出现在原文的某一个段落。那么什么样的词才有这个特点呢？我们结合英语四六级改革样卷来总结一下关键词的类型。

表1—四级样卷长篇阅读

表2—六级样卷长篇阅读

【关键词的类型】

1. 一些拼写较长的词，比如：internship，competitiveness，globalization，integration，sustainability，innovative，immigration等。这些词属于低频词，一般不会大篇幅地出现。利用这些词可以高效地查找匹配段落。另外，这些词有时会作为生词在文中标注出来，像internship，在原文中用斜体印刷，并以括号备注中文。我们选它做关键词，瞬间就能找到原文出处了。

2. 数字，包括年代、百分比、特殊事件等。如四级样卷中的：mid-1970s,

3.9 percent，20 percent，September 11等。教研君利用这些数字进行定位，测得的准确率是100%哦！

3. 以连字符连接的特殊词汇。如：university-based，one-child。这些词是由两个（或三个）单词连接的新词，一般当成形容词使用。三个单词的例子如：hard-to-grasp难以理解的。这些词也属于低频词，一般不会大篇幅出现。需要注意的是有时候我们需要将这些词拆开来定位，如one-child在原文中是没有的，原文是这样的“They often compromise by having just one child. ”这里的one child就不是整体作为形容词使用了。

4. 研究、报告、书籍型词汇，如：report，study，books等。一般来说研究、报告等内

容都是易考点，这些信息经常出现在特定的段落里，所以根据这些词汇作为关键词也很容易定位。

5. 最高级，如best，worst，most等。如六级第54题，关键词之一为the best solution。然而仅凭此关键词我们可能无法迅速地找到答案，因为原文的表述是the most effective method，用的词汇是完全不一样的。这时，我们还需要增加一个关键词pension，帮助我们定位。这就提醒我们在平常的阅读中应多关注最高级出现的地方，因为它常常是考点。

6. 除了以上所列的承载主要信息的名词，形容词等。如：funding，unsteady , values，employers，older workers，reforms，shortage，war，immigration，rich countries 等。这些词的判断需要大家多加练习与体会。

图文来自网络

整理自：超级课程表——可交流学习的大学生手机课程表

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四级长篇阅读(匹配题)方法篇

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