指示代词

指示代词
指示代词

指示代词专讲

指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,表示“这个/些”、“那个/些”。

一、常见的指示代词

二、指示代词的句法功能及作用

1. 指示代词在句中可以作主语、定语、表语、宾语等成分。例如:

This is a good idea. 这是个好主意。(作主语)

Those are for you. 那些是给你的。(作主语)

Such is the way to work out the problem. 这就是解决这个难题的方法。(主语) What is the use of those books? 那些书是做什么用的?(作定语)

Put these bags in the corner. 把这些袋子放在角落里。(作定语)

I have never seen such a clever child before. 我以前从未见过这么聪明的孩子。(作定语)

Those two dresses are the same. 那两件裙子是一样的。(作表语)

What I want is that. 我想要的是那个。(作表语)

She likes painting, but I don’t like that. 她喜欢画画,但我不喜欢。(作动词宾语)

Don’t tell her about that. 别把那件事告诉她。(作介词宾语)

2. this, these, that, those的用法区别

①this和these是近指代词,指时间或空间较近的人或事物;that和those 是远指代词,指时间或空间上较远的人或事物。例如:

This present is for her and that one is yours. 这个礼物是给她的,那个是你的I don’t like these books. Could you please show me those ones? 我不喜欢这

些书。能不能把那些把给我看一看?

【考点例证:山西中考】

—Look! What’s ________ in the sky?看!空中的那个是什么?

—It looks like a kite. 看起来像一个风筝。

②that, those常常用来代替上文已经提到过的名词,以避免重复。that特指同名异物的不可数名词或可数名词单数,只能指物;those特指同名异物的可数名词复数,可指人也可指物。this, these没有这种用法。例如:

The weather of China is quite similar to that of the US. 中国的天气和美国的很相似。(that代替the weather)

The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought. 你买的这把伞比我买的那把便宜。(that代替the umbrella)

The computers made in China are as good as those made in Germany. 中国产的电脑和德国产的一样好。(those代替the computers)

【考点例证:宁夏中考】

Things made by hand are usually more expensive than ________ produced in factories. 手工制品通常比那些工厂生产的更贵。

③that指刚提到过的事情或已经完成的事情;this指即将要发生或将要提到的事情。例如:

When she got home, she had a short rest and a glass of milk. After that she did her homework. 代价后,她稍微休息了一会儿,喝了杯牛奶,然后做作业。(that指上文中已经完成的事情)

They played like this: six students stand in a row in front of the class. 他们这样做这个游戏:六名学生在同学们的前面站成一排。(this指下文要提到的事情)

④打电话时,常用this介绍自己;用that询问对方。例如:

Hello. This is John Scott. Who is that speaking? 喂,我是约翰·斯科特。你是哪位?

3. such的用法

指示代词such具有名词和形容词性质,意思是“这样的”。

①such相当于名词时,多作主语,也可作宾语和表语;可以是单数,也可以是复数。此时,such常单独使用,指如前所述的这样的人或事物。有时such之后可以加一个as,用以引出哪一类。例如:

Such was what he wanted to tell me. 这就是他想告诉我的。(不可数,作主语) The movies were such as I never saw before. 这些是我从未看过的电影。(复数,作表语)

②such相当于形容词时,多作定语,修饰不可数名词或可数名词的单数或复数,修饰单数可数名词时,其后要加不定冠词a或者an。例如:

I had never seen such trouble. 我从没遇见过这种麻烦。(不可数名词)

I have never seen such a kind person. 我从未见过这么好心的人。(单数可数名词)

4. same的用法

指示代词same具有名词和形容词性质,意思是“同样的”,常与定冠词the连用。same表示刚刚提到过的同一个或同样的人或事物。

①same相当于名词时,在句中作主语、宾语和表语等。可以是单数,也可以是复数。例如:

The same is the case with me. 我的情况也一样。(作主语)

We must all say the same. 我们必须都说同样的话。(作宾语) It’s all the same to me. 对我都一样。(作表语)

②same相当于形容词时,在句中作定语。例如:

The twins are in the same class. 这对双胞胎在同一个班。(作定语)

Both of us were from the same school. 我们两个来自于同一所学校。

③the same常与as, that连用。例如:

Asians are not the same as Africans. 亚洲人和非洲人是不一样的。

He lives in the same city that I live in. 他和我住在同一个城市。

相关练习:英汉互译

1. 你必须要相信你自己。那就是成功的秘诀。

______________________________________________________________ 2. 要记住这一点:错误犯的越多,进步就越大。

______________________________________________________________ 3. 中国的人口多于世界上任何其他国家的人口。

______________________________________________________________ 4. 夏天的白天比冬天的长。

______________________________________________________________ 5. 那些照片是在长城上拍的。

______________________________________________________________ 6. 你经常做这样的事情吗?

______________________________________________________________ 7. The damage was such that it would cost thousands to repair.

______________________________________________________________ 8. The same is the thing that happened tome.

______________________________________________________________ 9. The beautiful scenery remains much the same in many areas in China.

______________________________________________________________ 参考答案:

【考点例证:山西中考】that

【考点例证:宁夏中考】those

相关练习:英汉互译

1. You have to / must believe in yourself. That’s the secret of success.

2. Keep this in mind: The more mistakes you make, the greater progress you will make.

3. The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.

4. The days in summer are longer than those in winter.

5. Those photos were taken on the Great Wall.

6. Do you often do such a thing / things?

7. 损坏严重,要修好就得花几千块钱。

8. 我也遭遇过同样的事情。

9. 中国的许多地区也同样美丽的风景。

10. 他喜欢那些外表漂亮的人。

11. 那没什么新鲜的。

12. 我病了,这就是我为什么没参加会议的原因。

不定代词用法总结

不定代词总结 一、不定代词 some 与 any 的用法区别 一般说来,不定代词some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用 some 而不用any: Would you like some cake 吃点蛋糕吗 Why not buy some bread 为什么不买些面包呢 Shall I get some chalk for you 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗 【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”: Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词 many 与 much 的用法以及区别 不定代词many 和 much 都表示“许多”,但 many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与 few(少数)相对;而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中: Did you see many people there 你在那儿看见许多人了吗 We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析:too much;much too; too many 1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如: Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害 You've given me too much.你给我的太多了. We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了. 2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如: He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了. It is much too cold.天实在太冷了. 3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如:

高考英语语法专题复习--代词

高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点: 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格,如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格,如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等): 人称代词的用法: 注:(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时,用主格: ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格: “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个?”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化: I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序:单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列,即you, he and I; 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列,即 we, you and they:You, he and I are of the same age. 你,他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们,你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合,则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前: Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是,you and I 是固定结构,语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语: These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,置于名词前,作定语;名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语:His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔,我的在铅笔盒里。 注:(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语: Mind your own business. 别管闲事。

指示代词的用法讲解

1)指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如: 单数复数 限定词:This girl is Mary. Those men are myteachers. 代词:This is Mary. Those are my teachers. 2)指示代词的句法功能; a. 作主语 This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。 b. 作宾语 I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。 c. 作主语补语 My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。 d. 作介词宾语 I don’t say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。 There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。 说明1: 指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人,例如: (对)That is my teacher. 那是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)

(对)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this 作限定词) (错)He is going to marry this. (this作宾语时不能指人) (对)I bought this. 我买这个。(this指物,可作宾语) 说明2: That和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和 these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有those可指人,试比较: (对) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。 (对) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人) (错) He admired that who danced well. (that作宾语时不能指人) (对) He admired those who danced well. 他赞赏跳舞好的人。(those 指人) (对) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。(those指物)

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 (1)按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I(宾格)________ 2、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 3、us(主格)________ 4、they(宾格)________ 5、she(宾格)________ 6、you(名词性物主代词)________ 7、it(宾格)________ 8、my(复数)________ 9、him(复数)________ 10、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 11、we(单数)________ 12、they(名词性物主代词)________ 13、I(反身代词)________ 14、you(反身代词)________ 15、she(反身代词)________ 16、he(反身代词)________ 17、it(反身代词)________ 18、I(反身代词)________ (2)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben. 8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you). 10. How old is (he / his)? (3)用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. (4)填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊?是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

指示代词语法

三﹑指示代词: (一)定义:是具有指示概念的代词,表示“这个,那个,”“这些,那些”以及it, such, same 等词叫做指示代词,指示代词在句中作主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语。 (二)指示代词分类 指示代词用法歌诀: this, these靠近我,that, those离我远。 this, that指单数,these, those不指单。 This is a book. These are cars. I am busy these days.我这些日子很忙。That is not a room. 那不是一间房间。Those are threes. 那些是树。 (三)指示代词的句型变化图 1.肯定句构成:(考选择题) (1)This (That)is+单数名词(a/an/the+名词单数【尾巴无s的名词】) (2)These (Those)are+复数名词【尾巴有s的名词】) 2.一般疑问句构成和回答: 一般疑问句很简单,be(is,are)提到主语(句子主人,位于句首)前 在初一中复数指示代词 3.否定句构成:(考句型转换题)否定句很简单,not加在be后面。 (1)This (That)is not (isn’t)+单数名词(a/an/the+名词单数【尾巴无s的名词】)(2)These (Those)are not(aren’t)+复数名词【尾巴有s的名词】) 注意: (1) this、these 指空间上离说话人较近的人或物,可以与here 连用;that、those 指 空间上离说话人较远的人或物,可以与there 连用。 (2) 打电话或其他场合,本人这一方用this 或these. 反之用that 或those。 (3) 在same 之前必须加冠词the 。(通常与the连用)“同一的,同样的” This is the same skirt that she was wearing a year ago. 这就是她一年前穿的那条裙子。 Those shirts are all the same size. His birthday and hers are the same. 指示代词的练习 1、对比出真知,你能说出下列两组句子的区别吗? 1)This is my friend. (复数句)

【语法专项练习】代词专项练习

外研版英语【语法专项练习】代词专项练习 一、初中英语代词 1.— What are you going to give your mother for her birthday? — I think I'll buy her ______________. A. something special B. special something C. anything special D. special anything 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:——你打算送给你妈妈什么生日礼物?——我想我会给她买一些特别的东西。A、一些特别的东西,B、一些特别的东西,C、一些特别的东西,D、一些特别的东西,something,一些东西,复合不定代词,常用于肯定句,形容词修饰复合不定代词,形容词要放在复合不定代词的后面,故答案为A。 【点评】考查复合不定代词的用法,注意识记词与词之间的修饰关系和它们的位置。 2.Nowadays many people prefer to keep in touch with ______________ friends online. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:现在年轻人更喜欢在网上跟他们的朋友保持联系。A.他们,主格人称代词;B.他们,宾格人称代词;C.他们的,形容词性物主代词;D.他们的,名词性物主代词。空缺处需要定语修饰friends,因此使用形容词性物主代词,故答案是C。 【点评】考查代词辨析,注意形容词性物主代词可以作定语修饰名词。 3.We just hope that Tom will bring _______________ good news back home this time. A. a few B. some C. many D. little 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:我们只希望汤姆这次能带些好消息回家。A 一些,其后跟可数名词复数;B 一些,后跟可数名词复数或不可数;C 一些,很多,后跟可数名词复数;D 几乎没有,其后跟不可数名词。根据题干中的hope,可知此句表示肯定意义,且news是不可数名词,故选B。 【点评】考查不定代词的辨析。注意熟记不定代词的基本含义及用法。 4.Help ________ to some juice, children. A. you B. yourselves C. me D. myself 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:孩子们,请随便喝点果汁。A.你,人称代词主格或宾格;B.你自己,你们自己,反身代词;C.我,人称代词宾格;D.我自己,反身代词; help oneself to sth. 随便吃/喝……,固定短语,所以此处需要反身代词,排除A和C;根据句意和句中children可知,此处是指让孩子们随便喝点果汁,应该用你们自己,故选B。 【点评】考查固定短语和代词辨析。注意固定短语help oneself to sth.的用法。 5.— It's very cold today.

英语代词表格

一,人称代词表格 二、物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词其人称和数的变化见下表。 形容词性物主代词 (my/your/his/her/its/our/their) +名词 名词性的物主代词:相当于一个名词, I. 人称代词:人称代词又分为主格和宾格形式.主格通常做主语。宾格通常做动词或介词的宾语. Eg: a. I ’m a nurse. b. Could you help me ?

c.Mum often takes us to the park on Sunday. d.It’s a cat. We call it “ Mimi.” e.Who knows him ? f.They are going to the cinema with her. II. 物主代词又分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词. 形容词性的物主代词:相当于形容词,后面要跟名词,指定名词的所属对象. 名词性的物主代词:相当于一个名词,必须单独使用,后面不能再跟名词. Eg: a. Your school is small, mine is big.(=my school) b. This is not your pen. Yours is on the desk.(=your pen) c. Whose book is that? It’s hers. (=her book) d. Their classroom is on the second floor. Ours is on the third floor. (=our classroom) e. Her bike is black. His is grey. Mine is blue.(=his bike, my bike) g. Those aren’t our books. Ours are on the floor. Those books are theirs.(=our /their books ) *人称代词划线,常用who (宾格可用whom)提问.物主代词划线常用whose提问。 (特别提示): 并列人称代词的排列顺序 1)单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为: 第二人称-------第三人称--------第一人称 you ------- he/she/it -------- I eg: You,he and I should return on time. 2)复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为: 第一人称------- 第二人称-------第三人称 We------you---------They III.指示代词: this 这个→these这些that 那个→those那些

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人教版初中英语人称代词和物主代词的表格及练习题

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英语代词用法总结(完整)

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这正是:单数人称2、3、1,复数人称1、2、3。 麻烦事情“我”站前,其他人称没意见。 2.反身代词在实际运用中,可构成许多固定词组。 e.g. help oneself to (随便吃), enjoy oneself (过得很愉快), teach oneself (自学),devote oneself to (献给), make oneself at home (别拘束), by oneself (亲自),for oneself (为自己)。 3.it还有一些特别的用法: (1)用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj. +to do”句型中。 (2)用在句型:“It seems that…”中。 (3)用在句型:“It’s one’s turn to do”中。 (4)用在句型:“It’s time to do/for/that…”中。 (5)用在句型:“It’s+adj. +that-从句”中。 (6)用作形式宾语,用以代替动词不定式或从句,常用在动词make, find,think,consider 等后。 (7)有时用it代替小孩和婴儿。 e.g. —Who is this boy in the picture? —It’s me. (8)不知姓名或是谁时,也可以用it 代替人。 e.g. —Who is it? —It’s Jim. 4.人称代词宾格在句中做动词短语的宾语时,如果动词短语是“动词+介词”型的则宾语放在介词前后均可,如果动词短语是“动词+副词”型的则宾语放在动词和副词之间。 二、指示代词

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This pen is mine. 人称代词与物主代词用法的练习题 分类:英语习题 人称代词与物主代词用法的练习题 一、填表 1.Let _____ (I) help ____ (you). 2.Let _____ (we) go. 3.(I) _____ are students. 4.I can't find _____ (they). 5.Give ____ (he) the book. 三、选择 1.________are in the same class. A.Her and me B.She and l C.Me and her D.l and she 2.Please call ___ at 256-5896 A me B my C I D mine 3.-Do you like these computers? -No,I don't like_______. A it B them C they 5.Our tercher think_______are right. A.We https://www.360docs.net/doc/635287197.html, C it D she 6.______go to the party. A.He,I and you B.I, you and he C.You,I and he D.You,he and I 四、用括号中的适当形式填空:

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