中考英语语法考点归纳

中考英语语法考点归纳
中考英语语法考点归纳

语法:词法和句法: 动词、形容词和副词、代词、冠词、数词、介词、名词、连词(用途):陈述句

疑问句

祈使句

感叹句

(结构)简单句

并列句

复合句

动词

时态:

一般现在时:do/does

I do housework every day.

She does her homework every evening.

※在一般现在时和一般过去时的否定句和疑问句中动词用原形。

用法:1. 表示经常性反复性习惯性的动作

2. 表示主语的特征,能力,喜好以及现在存在的状态。

She is from England. She speaks English.

He likes swimming.

3. 表示科学真理、客观事实。

The sun rises in the east.

4. 一般现在时表示将来:

①主将从现:在时间状语从句(when, before, after, as soon as, until,

not…until)和条件状语从句(if, unless)中,用一般现在时表示将来。

②表示按计划、规定或时间表将要发生的动作。

The plane takes off at four pm.

一般过去时:did

He did his homework every evening.

用法:

1. 表示过去某一具体时刻所发生的动作或存在的状态。

段时间+ago ten years ago just now 刚才 a moment ago

since 从句(一般过去时)in 1998 2. 表示过去经常反复发生的动作。

My father often went to work by bus last year.

3. didn’t notice, didn’t know

1) —Bob has gone to California.

—Oh, can you tell me when he __B___?

A. has left

B. left

C. is leaving

D. would leaving

2) Edward, you play so well. But I ______ you played the piano.

A. didn’t know

B. hadn’t known

C. don’t know

D. haven’t known

3) —Hi, where are going? See what the sign ! —Sorry, I D it.

A. speaks; don’t notice

B. says; don’t notice

C. speaks; didn’t notice

D. says; didn’t notice

现在进行时:is/am/are + doing

助动词

用法:

1、表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作now, at the moment. look, listen, where is sb.?

It’s five o’clock. May I speak to sb. ?

(语境)—Don’t make noise. The students are having lessons.

2. 表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,说话时动作不一定在进行。

I am writing a book these days.

3. 表示位移的动词go, come, leave, fly, drive等,常常用现在进行时表将来。

I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow.

一般将来时:

will/shall do am/is/are going to do

助动词助动词

用法:表示将来某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和将来的时间状语连用。

in + 段时间in the future

※There be句型一般将来时:

There will be……/There is going to be…

There will be a football match tomorrow.

现在完成时:

构成: have/has (助动词)+动词过去分词

否定句:have/has +not +动词过去分词

一般疑问句:Have/Has +主语+动词过去分词

He has finished his homework.

I have lived here for ten years.

用法:

1)已完成:表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(语境)

e.g. I have opened the door. (The door is open.)

2)未完成:表示过去发生的某一动作一直延续到现在,有可能继续延续下去。

e.g. I have worked in the factory for 5 years.

考点一:根据用法及相应的时间状语判断现在完成时。

1)已完成:already(已经);yet(尚,还;已经) just (刚刚);before(以前)

ever(曾经);never(从不)

2)未完成:常和一段时间状语连用

段时间:for + 段时间for 3 years

since +点时间since 1990; since 3 years ago

since + 从句(一般过去时)

e.g. I have lived here since I came to the city.

3) so far 到目前为止since then 自从那时

recently 最近,近来in recent years 在最近几年

in the past/last few years 在过去几年

in the past/last 10 years 在过去10年

考点二、have been to 去过某地(现在回来了)

My father have been to the Great Wall twice.

have gone to 去了某地(现在没回来)

—Where is your father?

—He has gone to Beijing.

※—Where is sb.? —现在进行时/—have/has gone to

have been in +地点+段时间在某地呆了多长时间

She has been in Beijing for ten days.

I have there for ten days.

A. been

B. been in

C. gone

D. gone to

考点三、非延续性动词(动作一发生就结束),不能与一段时间连用

1)变为相应的延续性动词或系表结构buy—have e.g. I have had the bike for ten years.

borrow/lend—keep e.g. I have kept the book for a week.

become(成为)—be e.g. I have been a teacher for ten years.

die—be dead e.g. The old man has been dead for ten years leave—be away e.g. He has been away for ten minutes.

begin/start—be on e.g. The film has been on for five minutes.

join—be in…/be a member of

join the army----be in the army/ be a soldier

join the Party----be in the Party /be a Party member

open—be open e.g. The shop has been open for 2 years.

close—be closed

marry—be married e.g. They have been married for ten years.

begin to teach —teach

Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 1999. (同义句转换)

Mr. Li _______ ________ English in this school since 1999.

make friends —be friends

finish/end—be over

come/go—be in/at

Tom came to China 10 months ago.=Tom has been in China for 10 months. come here —be here go there—be there,

come to work —work

return/go back/come back —be back

get to know —know,

get to/ arrive/reach —be in/at

wake up —be awake

get up —be up

catch/get a cold—have a cold

fall ill —be ill

open sth --- keep sth open,

fall asleep/ sleep /get to sleep—be asleep,

go to bed —be in bed

go (get) out —be out,

put on—wear;move to —live in

lose —be lost /be missing /be gone 丢失;

lose one's job/work —be out of work /a job

2) ①It has been + 段时间+since 从句(一般过去时)

It is +段时间+ since 从句(一般过去时)

②段时间+has passed + since 从句(一般过去时)

He joined the Party ten years ago.

He has been in the Party for ten years.

He has been a Party member for ten years.

It is/has been ten years since he joined the Party.

Ten years has passed since he joined the Party.

※Have you ever been to Hong Kong? Yes, I went there last month.

when引导的特殊疑问句不能用现在完成时。

考点四、how 开头的特殊疑问句

How long…? 多长时间?(对一段时间提问)

for +一段时间

since + 点时间

since + 从句

About two weeks.

How soon…? 多久以后?/多长时间以后?对in + 段时间

How often…?多长时间一次?对频率提问

once a day

twice a day

three times a day

every year

every four years

※对次数提问用:How many times……?

How far…?对距离提问

It’s + 数词+metres/kilometers/miles.

It’s ten minutes’ walk.

考点五、already 和yet区别:

already 用在肯定句(已经)。

yet用在否定句(尚,还)和疑问句中(已经)

过去进行时:was/were + doing

助动词

I was watching TV this time yesterday.

I wasn’t watching TV this time yesterday.

Were you watching TV this time yesterday?

用法:表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作,

①常和this time yesterday, at that time=at that moment=then,

at eight o’clock last night, from seven to nine yesterday连用。

e.g. He was doing his homework at eight o’clock yesterday.

②※was/were + doing…when sb. did

e.g. When I came in, he was sleeping.

※语境:—I called you last night, but nobody answered.

—Oh, I was watering flowers in the garden. (water)

过去完成时:had + done

助动词

用法:表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前,发生的动作或存在的状态。

既“过去的过去”

①by the end of; by the time+从句

We had learnt about 3,000 words by the end of last term.

The film A by the time I got to the cinema.

A. had begun

B. had been on

C. has began

D. has been on

The film B for five minutes by the time I got to the cinema.

A. had begun

B. had been on

C. has began

D. has been on

②when, before, after 引导的时间状语从

The train had left when I got to the station.

③语境:

The girl sitting next to me on the plane was nervous, for she hadn’t flown. 过去将来时:

would + 动词原形

was/were going to do

用法:表示以过去为起点的将来,通常用在宾语从句中。

时态与语境:

时态的判断:

1. 段时间+ago 一般过去时in + 段时间一般将来时

for +段时间现在完成时

2. Where is sb.? 现在进行时或have/has gone to

3. 现在进行时可以表示将来:go, come, leave, fly, drive

4. 句首出现look, listen时用现在进行时。

5. 问句和答语时态一致;and 连接的谓语动词时态一致

6. am/is/are (am/is/are 是现在进行时的标志)

7. There will be

There is going to be

根据某种迹象,推测将要发生某事只能用be going to do sth.

语境:

【2011河北省】1. My sister wants a new dress. She it to the party,

A. wears

B. has worn

C. wore

D. is going to wear 2. Don't make so much noise. The children _______an English lesson.

A. have

B. are having

C. were having

3.—What’s that noise?

—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The neighbours _______ for a party.

A. prepare

B. are preparing

C. will prepare

D. have prepared

【2011四川乐山】4. —When _____ your mother _____ you that blue dress, Lucy?

—Sorry, I really can’t remember. Maybe two or three weeks ago.

A. will; buy

B. does; buy

C. did; buy

【2011浙江台州】5. -I’ve got a ticket for the basketbal l game tonight.

-Cool!How you it?

A. had, got

B. did, get

C. were, getting

D. will, get 【2011山东威海】6.—Mom, when can I go out to play football?

—Finish your homework first, or I ________let you go out.

A. don't

B. didn't

C. won't

D. haven't

7. –I’ve not finished my project yet. – Hurry up! Our friends _____ for us.

A. wait

B. are waiting

C. will wait

D. have waited 【2011?山东青岛】52. Hello! I'm very glad to see you. When____ you_________ here?

A. did; arrive

B. will; arrive

C. have; arrived

D. are; arriving

8.【2011?江苏扬州】—When ______ you ______ reading Jane Eyre?

—It’s hard to say. I’m busy recently.

A. did; finish

B. have; finished

C. will; finish

D. do; finish

9.【2011四川德阳】It _____ hard outside. Y ou have to stay at home.

A. rain

B. is raining

C. rained

10.【2011?四川成都】—I have to be off right now.

—What a pity! I you could stay a little longer with us.

A. think

B. am thinking

C. thought

11.【2013重庆】Just a minute! My brother _____his car in the garden.

A. washes

B. is washing

C. washed

D. will wash

12. 【2013河北】37. Ken_ his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back.

A. left

B. leaves

C. is leaving

D. was leaving

13. 【2013浙江丽水】27.—Which team do you think ____ the game?

—Hard to say. There are still ten minutes before it ends.

A. won

B. has won

C. will win

D. wins

14. 【2013四川泸州】8. Oh, you are here. I _______ you came back.

A. don't know

B. didn't know

C. haven't known

D. won't know

15.【2013浙江绍兴】23.—Can Peter play games with us, Mrs. Hawking?

—Wait a minute. He _____a shower.

A. is taking

B. takes

C. took

D. was taking

16. —Alice, would you mind not playing the guitar? I on the phone.

—Oh, sorry, mom. 【2013威海】

A. talked

B. talk

C. was talking

D. am talking

17. 【2013江苏淮安】7.—Will you go to the cinema with me tomorrow?

—Sorry, I ________ skating with Tom.

A. go

B. went

C. have gone

D. will go

18.【2013河北】36. You_ . Don't talk on the phone.

A. will drive

B. are driving

C. were driving

D. have driven

19. 【2013河北】33. We have no more vegetables in the fridge. I and buy some.

A. go

B. went

C. will go

D. was going

20. 【2013福建福州】44. — Mum, it's late. Why are you still here?

— Dad hasn't come back yet. I _____ for him.

A. am waiting

B. was waiting

C. waited

21. 【2013内蒙古呼和浩特】2. —Excuse me,look at the sign NO PHOTOS!

—Sorry, I ________it.

A. don’t see

B. didn’t see

C. haven’t seen

D. won’t see

22. 【2013江苏苏州】4. —Frank, you look worried. Anything wrong?

—Well, I ______ a test and I’m waiting for the result.

A. will take

B. took

C. am taking

D. take

23. 【2013山东济南】34. —Are your parents at home, Jane?

—No. They __________ taking a walk in the park.

A. do

B. are

C. will

D. have

24. 【2013湖南株洲】25. Be quiet! The other students .

A. sleep

B. slept

C. are sleeping

25. 【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】21. I have to be off now. My friends _______ outside.

A. wait

B. are waiting

C. have waited

D. were waiting

26. 【2013浙江台州】—Sam, let’s go and play basketball.

—Not now. I ______ Dick with his English.

A. help

B. helped

C. am helping

D. have helped 27. 【2012.安徽省】—Let's discuss the plan, shall we?

—Not now. I_____ to an interview.

A. go

B. went

C. am going

D. was going

28. Summer holiday is coming, Li Lei with his father _____to go to Shanghai.

A. want

B. will want

C. wants 【2012甘肃鸡西市】

29.—Mum, I can't find my shoes. —Hurry up! Your father ____ for us.

A. is waiting

B. waited

C. waits

D. will wait

30. Tomorrow is Dragon Boat Day. My mother and my grandma _____a big meal for our family now.

A. are preparing

B. be preparing

C. prepare

D. prepared

31.—Mike, why are you watching TV again? — I my homework.

A. finish

B. finished

C. have finished

D. had finished

32. — When can I see the doctor, madam?

— L et me see. Sorry, you ____________ your turn, so you’ll have to wait again.

A. are missing

B. have missed

C. will miss

D. missed

33. I hope Tim can come to my birthday party. Then we ____ a much happier time.

A. have

B. had

C. will have

D. have had

34. —Haven’t I told you that you should be home earlier?

—Yes, but I home earlier than I usually do

A. was coming

B. will come

C. came

D. had come

35.-Three _ injured students died in a hospital in China's Jiangsu Province last year.

—Sorry to hear that. But our government _____ much about the school bus safety management.

A. serious; did

B. bad; did

C. seriously; has done

D. badly; was done

36. I my homework, I guess I can’t join you.

A. don’t finish

B. didn’t finish

C. haven’t finished

D. won’t finish

37. -I’ve got a ticket for the basketball game tonight.-Cool!How you it?

A. had, got

B. did, get

C. were, getting

D. will, get

38.—Hi, guys. Where are you heading now?

—Home. We _____all our money, so we have to walk home now.

A. spend

B. spent

C. have spent

D. are spending

被动语态:be + 动词的过去分词

一般现在时:is/am/are + 动词的过去分词

was/were + 动词的过去分词

2014中考英语语法知识点总结:动词

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人教部编版初中英语中考高频考点语法知识汇总

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中考英语语法点简要归纳

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