英语十六大时态总结

英语十六大时态总结
英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以 study 为例)：
一般时 study studies 进行时 am studying is studying are studying was studying were studying shall be studying will be studying 完成时 have studied has studied 完成进行时 have been studying has been studying
现在
过去
studied shall study will study
had studied shall have studied will have studied
had been studying shall have been studying will have been studying
将来
过去将来
should study should be studying should have studied should have been studying would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying
时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候， 指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 英语时态分为 16 种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成 进行时。
一. 一般现在时
用法： 用法：
A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持 主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作， （仅限于某些表示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续” 等的动词 ）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用 。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点 运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午 3 点开车。 ） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情 时间状语： 时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be 动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 don't,如主语为第三人称单 数，则用 doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把 be 动词放于句首；②用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时， 还原行为动词。
二. 一般过去时
用法： A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。 B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由 would/ used to do 表达的句型，本身表示的 就是过去时。 He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。）
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时间状语： 时间状语 ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：①be 动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加 didn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①was 或 were 放于句首；②用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三. 现在进行时(be doing) 现在进行时
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时： 过去进行时
用法： 用法： A) 表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。 例：Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.（10 分钟前，玛丽正在听轻音乐。） B) 如果 when, while 这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子 常用过去进行时。 例：I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.（你敲前门时我正在洗头发。）
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 时间状语 基本结构：was/were+doing 否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 一般疑问句：把 was 或 were 放于句首。
五、现在完成时(have done) 现在完成时
用法： 用法：
A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经 常用延续性动词。时间状语常用 since 加一个过去的时间点，或 for 加一段时间，或 by 加一个 现在时间。
注意事项
现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动 作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时 间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc. 时间状语 基本结构：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +d one.
一般疑问句：have 或 has。
过去完成时(had done) 六. 过去完成时
概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的 过去”。 时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc. 基本结构：had + done. 否定形式：had + not + done.
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一般疑问句：had 放于句首
七、一般将来时： 一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do. ③、be to do ④ be about to ⑤、一般现在时表将来 ⑥、现在进行时表将来。 否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加 didn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①be 放于句首；②will/shall 提到句首。 分别用法 用法： 分别用法： A) 基本结构是 will / shall do。 例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift. B) 有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay 等，用于 现在进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表示将来时。 例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.（我妈妈下周将来看我，并会 呆到 5 月。） C) 表示“打算去……，要……”时，可用 be going to do。 例：This is just what I am going to say.（这正是我想说的。） D) 表示“即将、正要”时，可用 be about to do。强调近期内或马上要做的事。 例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you. E) "be to do" 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。 F) 同样可以表示“正要、将要”的意思的句型是 be on the point of doing。 例：The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points. 例： 2005 年 6 月大学四级第 65 题 I was _______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived. A) in B) to C) at D) on 答案是 D)。on the point of doing 是固定词组，意思是“正要、打算”。全句的意思是：“当他的信到的时 候我正要打电话给他。” 注意事项： 注意事项： 在以 if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless 等连词以及具有连词作用的副词 （immediately, the moment, directly）等引导的状语从句，一般用现在时代替将来时。强调延续性或动态时， 可用完成时。 例： hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year. 我希望到明年你回来的时候， I （ 他的身体已经好多了。）
八、过去将来时： 过去将来时：
概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc. 基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do. 否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do. 一般疑问句：①was 或 were 放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。 例 I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.（我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我的朋友。 ）
九 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时(have been doing)
用法： 用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。 例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，
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已经花了一个多月时间了。 ） 注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或 一直反复出现。
将来完成时(will have done) 十、 将来完成时
用法： 用法：表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态，或是发生在某个将来时间，但对 其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。其用法 从和过去及现在有关，变成了和将来及将来的将来有关。 例 The conference __________ a full week by the time it ends. A) must have lasted B) will have lasted C) would last D) has lasted
以下六种时态考察较少
十一. 将来进行时(will be doing) 十一 将来进行时 用法：强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。 用法 例：Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.（别担心， 你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的 T 恤衫和一条白色的短裙。 ） 注意事项：由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的，所以关于本时态的注意事项，可参考"一般将来 注意事项 时"和"现在进行时"的有关注意事项。 十二、将来完成进行时： 十二、将来完成进行时：shall have been doing ，will have been doing 例：By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. （到下个月底为止，这项 工程就已经不停地进行了 3 年了。（被动语态） ） 十三、过去完成进行时： 十三、过去完成进行时：had been doing 例：The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.（我回到家之前，我 10 岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。 ） （此处强调“拆卸”和“组装”这两个过去的过去的动作一直在反复进行。（被动语态） ） 十四、过去将来进行时： 十四、过去将来进行时：should be doing , would be doing 例： The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July. 政府承诺说第二年 7 月将有一 （ 条新的高速公路正在修建。（此句的时间状语是具体的将来时间，所以最好用将来进行时。（此句为被动语 ） ） 态） 十五、 过去将来完成时： 十五、 过去将来完成时：should have done , would have done 例：I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.（我坚信到那年年底为止，那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。（此句为被动语态） ） 十六、 过去将来完成进行时： 十六、 过去将来完成进行时：should have been doing , would have been doing 例：They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. （他 们说到第二个月底为止，这项工程就已经不停地进行了 3 年了。 ）
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动词时态练习题
Go for it grade 7 (上)
动词时态和形式
一、在英语表达中，发生在不同时间的动作，谓语动词的表现形式是不一样的。这样就形成了不同的时态。你能判断下 列各是什么时态，并根据要求做题吗？ （一） 下列情况叫什么时态？__________________。
1． 定义：表示目前经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 2． 标志词：usually, often, always, sometimes, every 等。如：I often get up at six. 3． 完成下列各题： 1) My name ____is____ Li Ming and I__is____ a worker. (be)
2) Amy often ______reads____ (read) books in the evening. 3) Sometimes Sarah____have______ (have) an English class. 4) Lucy with her sister____likes_____ (like) science. 5 What ____does___ tom usually ___do____ (do) at the weekend? 6) Where ___are___(be) Liu Yun now? She is at home. 4.根据不同的划线部分对句子进行提问: 1) Tom listens to the radio every morning. (变一般疑问句,并作肯定与否定回答) _______________________________________________________? 肯定回答:_________________. 否定回答:___________________. 2) Tom listens to the radio every morning. （划线部分提问） _______________________________________________? 3) Tom listens to the radio every morning. (划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________? 4) Tom listens to the radio every morning. (划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________? (二) 下列情况是什么时态? ______________________________. 1. 定义: 表示对将来的打算或准备做什么。 2． 标志词：tomorrow, tomorrow morning, from now on ,next year, next week, in fifteen minutes, in five days, in the future, soon 等. 如: I am going to school tomorrow. 3. 用所给词的适当形式填空: 1) Zhang Peng _________________(play) football tomorrow. 5

2) We ____________________(have) a picnic next week. 3) I ______________________(be) a scientist in twenty years’ time. 4) Liu Yun with her parients _________________(go) to Beijing next month. 5) What _______ you ________ _______ _________tomorrow? We are going to climb a mountain. （三） 下列情况是什么时态？ _____________________________. 1.定义:表示目前正在进行的动作或发生的事情。 2．标志词： now； look！； Listen！； It’s seven o’clock；Don’t make any noise 等。如： Look！The monkeys are climbing the mountain. 3. 用所给词的正确形式完成句子。
1) 2) 3)
The students ________________ (have) an English class. Listen！Amy ________________(sing) a pop song. –What are you doing now?
—We ______________(fly) kites. 4) It’s seven o’clock. The Greens _________________ (talk) and ______________(watch) TV. 5) Don’t make any noise. Dad is __________________(read) a piece of newspaper and my baby sister ____________(sleep). 4. 根据不同的划线部分对句子进行提问。 1) The students are having a meeting in the classroom.. （变一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答） ______________________________________________________________? _______________________. ___________________________________. 2) The students are having a meeting in the classroom.. (划线部分对句子进行提问) ____________________________________________________? 3) The students are having a meeting in the classroom.. (划线部分对句子进行提问) _________________________________________________________? 4) The students are having a meeting in the classroom.. (划线部分对句子进行提问)
___________________________________________________________? 5) The students are having a meeting in the classroom.. (划线部分对句子进行提问) ______________________________________________________?
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6) ______________________________________________________. (用 tomorrow 改写句子) 二、下列情况虽不能称为句子的时态，但也表明了一些动词的用法，也就是说非谓语动词的用法。 （一） 不定式：
１．I want ___________(go) home. ２．I’d like _____________(swim) this afternoon. ３．He asked me ____________(help) him with his English. ４．Let me _______ (tell) you a story. ５．The song made her _________ (smile). ６．They have us _________ (sit) behind them. ７．He told me _________ (leave) at once. ８．He teach me how ________(climb) a tree. ９．Tell the boy not _______(sit) like that. （二）现在分词或动名词： １．Let’s go _________(swim) tomorrow. ２．She _________(do) some _________ (clean) now. ３．I enjoy __________(sing) English songs. ４．I am good at ________(draw). ５．Knife is used for _________(cut).
用所给动词的适当形式填空 9. _____ (be) everything OK? Is 10. Nobody _______ (know) the answer to the question. knows 11. Ten divided by two _______ (be) five. is divided by 用...除,除以 12. Most of the drinking water ______ (be) from the Black River. is 13. Not only she but also I _______ (do) morning exercises every day. do 14. Either you or she _____ (have) made a wrong decision. has made a wrong decision 做出一个错误的决定 15. The family _____(be) spending the weekend together. are
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16. Bread and butter ______ (be) her daily breakfast. is Bread and butter 涂黄油的面包 17. The police _____ (be) trying to catch the thief. are police 警察队，警察机关 policeman 警察 18. The number of people invited _____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons. was; were
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类别：默认分类 | | 添加到搜藏 | 分享到 i 贴吧 | 浏览(2268) | 评论 (15) 网友评论 ? 回复 1 william_2003 2008-01-08 23:11 1.I will tell him as soon as he _____ back A. come B. comes C. will come D. came B 2. Mary _____ on shoes when she ____ them. A. tries…buys B. tries… buies C. trys… buys D. trys… buies A try on v.试穿, 试 验 when 在这里当"一... 就..."或"然后"的意思， 3. The girl often ______ cold when she ______. A. cathcs…dances B. catches… dances C. catchs…dancees D. catches… dancee B catch cold 感冒 4. --_____ he ____ himself there? --No, I don't think so. A. Do…enjoy B. Does… enjoies C. Does… enjoys D. Does…enjoy D 5. --_____ your teacher ____ from them very often? --Certainly. A. Do…hear B. Does…hear C. Do… receive D. receive B hear from 接到...的信， receive from 收到， ? 回复 2 william_2003 2008-01-08 23:11 6. _____ your mother _____ some cleaning on Sundays? A. Does…does B. Do…does C. Does…do D. Do… do C Sundays 于每星期日 adv. 7. --_____ Tom _____to work hard to help his family ? --Yes, he _____. A. Has… x…does B. Has…x…does C. Does…has…has D. Does… have…does D 9. --Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, ____? -- _____ , he does. A. does he…No B. does he…Yes C. doesn't he…No D. doesn't he…Yes B 10.Mr Black often _____ fishing on Sundays, _____ he ? A. goes…doesn't B. goes…isn't C. doesn't go…does D. doesn't go…is A C 从语义上不通
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11.He usually _____ TV on Sunday evening. A. watch B. watches C. watching D. is watching B 12. We'll go to play with snow if it ______ tomorrow. A. snow B. snows C. will snow D. snowed B 13. Neither I nor he ______ French. A. speak B. doesn't speak C. speaks D. doesn't speak C nor 离动词近，所以要以 nor 后面接的代词单或复数来定谓语动词 ? 回复 3 william_2003 2008-01-09 22:42 14. Nobody ______ how to run this machines. A . know B. have known C. knows D. is knowing C 15. The Young Pioneer _____ water for the old man every day. A. carry B. bring C. takes D. carries D Young Pioneer 少先队 17. Look ! The boy students are _____ football while the girls are _____ . A. playing… dance B. playing… dancing C. play… dancing D. play… dance B while 和 when 的区别就是，while 是表示动作在同时进 行，而 when 不是 18. He _____ to do his lessons at eight every evening. A. is beginning B. is beginning C. begin D. begins D 19. _____ he _____ on well with his friends this term ? A. Does…gets B. Does…get C. Is…getting D. Is…geting C 20. Mr Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days. A. is writing…is writing B. is writing… writes C. writes… is writing D. writes… writes C TV play 电视剧 21. I _____ to the cinema. I ______ there every Sunday. A. go…go B. am going… go C. go… am ? 回复 4 william_2003 2008-01-09 22:42 22. Look, they______ a good time, ____ they ? A. have…do B. have…don't C. are having…are D. are having… aren't D 23. You ______ about the future now, ______ you ? A. don't think…don't B. aren't thinking… aren't C. don't think… do D. aren't thinking… are D 26. I ______that the boy _____ with no tears in his eyes. A. noticed… cryed B. noticed… cried C. noticed… cried D. noticed… cryed B 27. We _____the floor and _____ all the windows. A. mopped… cleanned B. moped… cleanned C. mopped… cleaned D. moped… cleaned C mop（用拖把）拖洗 28. When I _____ the Children's Palace, the children _____ with joy. A. visited… jumpped B. visited… jumped C. visited… jumped D. visited… jumpped B ? 回复 5 william_2003 2008-01-09 22:43
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29. ______ a sports meet last Sunday ? Yes , they ______. A. Did they have… did B. Did they have… had C. Had they… had D. Had they… did A 30. ____ you _____out for a walk after supper ? Yes, I ______. A. Did…went…went B. Did… go… went C. Did… went… did D. Did… go… did D 31. _____ Jack _____ on with his work or ______ to have a rest? A. Did… went… stopped B. Did… go… stop C. Did… went… stop D. Did… go… stopped B ? 回复 6 william_2003 2008-01-10 22:41 32. You gave them a talk two days ago, _____you ? Yes, I ______. A. did… did B. did… gave C. didn't… did D. didn't… gave C 33. ____ your brother _____ a letter to ? My father. A. Who… wrote B. What…wrote C. Who did…write D. What did… write C 34. They _____ about the TV news then in the sitting-room. They often ____ such talks A. talked…had B. talk…have C. were talking…had D. are talking…have C 35. He ______ some cooking at that time, so _____ me. A. did… heard B. did… didn't hear C. was doing… heard D. was doing… didn't hear D 36. " _____ you angry then?" "They_ too much noise.” A. Are…were making B. Were…were making C. Are…made D. Were… made B 37. This time yesterday Jack _____ his, bike. He _____ TV. A. repaired… didn't watch B. was repairing… watched C. repaired… watched D. was repairing… wasn't watching D ? 回复 7 william_2003 2008-01-10 22:41 38. We _____ for Tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______. A. were waiting… waiting B. were waiting… wait C. waited… waiting D. waited… wait A 39. When you _____ at the door, I _____ some washing. A. knocked… did B. was knocking… did C. knocked… was doing D. knock… am doing C 40. The boy_____ English on the radio when I _____ his door. A. learned… was opening B. was learning… opened C. learned… opened D. is learning… open B 41. When they______ through the forest, a bear _____ at them. A. walked… was coming B. were walking… came C. were talking… comes D. walk… is coming B 42. A young man _____ her while she _____ her work . A. watched… was finishing B. was watching… finished C. watched… finished D. was watching… was finishing D 43.
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While mother _____ some washing, I ______ a kite for Kack. A. did… made B. was doing… made C. was doing… was making D. did… was making C ? 回复 8 william_2003 2008-01-10 22:42 44. I _____ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I _____ to work. A. was teaching… didn't go B. taught… didn't go C. was teaching… went D. taught… went A 45. He _____ a model plane when I came to see him. A. makes B. is making C. was making D. made C 46. I ______ a letter at nine last night. A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote D. is writing B 47. The teacher_____ (give) us a history lesson when Tom walked into the classroom. A. gave B. is giving C. was given D. was giving D 48. There will be a football match in two days, that is _______. A. last Sunday B. next Sunday C. every Sunday D. this Sunday D 49. We ______ class meeting this November. A. had B. have C. will have D. are having C 50. He ______ in his garden every morning next year. A. will work B. works C. worked D. is working A ? 回复 9 william_2003 2008-01-22 22:38 2. -----If you _____ a new idea, please call me as soon as possible. -----Sure, I will. A. keep up with B. catch up with C. feed up with D. come up with D keep up with v. 跟上 catch up with v. 赶上, 逮捕, 处罚 feed up with v. 供给...食物 come up with v. 赶上, 提出,提出,拿 出 31． father is a ______． He works in a hospital． A． My teacher B． doctor C．farmer D．soldier B 32．“Which animal lives only in China?” “The ______．” A．tiger B．monkey C．panda D．elephant C 35．______ of them has an English dictionary． A．Every B．All C．Both D．Each D Every adj.每一的, 每个的, 全部的, 每隔...的 each adj. 各自的, 每个的, 每 一, pron. 各, 各自, 每个, adv.每个 助动词用的是 has,而不是 have ? 回复 10 william_2003 2008-01-22 22:38 36．It ______ me about a quarter to go school on foot every day． A．pays B．spends C．costs D．takes d quarter n.一刻钟 on foot adv.走路 it takes ... to do... 做...花费... 37．Don’t tell anybody about it． Keep it ______ you and me． A．among B．between C．in D．with b ? 回复 11 william_2003 2008-01-22 22:39
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38．You’d better ______ the story in Japanese． A．say B．speak C．tell D．talk C 1. Speak 为及物动词, 当和..人说话时, 与宾语之间要用一个介 词 “to”连接, 其句子结构为 Somebody speaks to someone. (Ex. I want to speak to you, please.) Speak 也用来形容某人会说哪些语言, 此时 Speak 和语言之间无需任何介词, 其句子结构为 Somebody speaks + language well. (Ex. Mr. Wang Qiang speaks English very well.) 2. Tell 为及物动词, 当 作告诉某人某事用, Tell 和宾语之间无需任何介词, 其句子结构为 Somebody tells someone something. (Ex. John tells Mary that he loves her.) 3. Say 为及物动词, 但其宾语通常为事情, 其句子结构为 Somebody says something to someone. (Ex. Jack wants to say something about his family to me.) 4. Talk 为及物动词, 意思为和某人交谈, 其句子结构为 Somebody talks with/to somebody about something/somebody. (Ex. Charlie talks to Emma about getting a new car.) ? 回复 12 william_2003 2008-01-22 22:39 40．A strong wind will arrive in Harbin． It will ______ much rain． A．bring B．take C．carry D．get A 21. My sister is a clerk. _______ works in a bank near here. A. She B. He C. I D. You a near here 在附近 adv. 22. I study for a test _____ working with a group. A. in B. by C. at D. to b study for 为...而学习 23. ---_______is your favorite sportsman? ---Liu Xiang. A. How B. When C. Who D. Which c
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