定语从句和强调句
The attributive clause
Teaching aims:
1. Let the Ss preview the attributive clause
2. Enable the Ss to understand what is the attributive clause and to use it freely. The difficult and important points：
1. The special use of “where”.
2. Enable the Ss to distinguish the attributive clause , the none clause , and the emphatic sentence
Teaching procedures:
I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
Exercises
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. this
2. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that
B. whose
C. which
D. as
3. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which
B. whom
C. whose
D. this
4. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom
B. who
C. /
D. he
5. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door
B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door
D. that lives next door
6. Don?t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.
A. /, to
B. that, /
C. where, to
D. which, there
7. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that
B. when
C. where
D. there
8. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
II. that与which, who, whom的用法区别：
Exercises
1. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which
B. that
C. /
D. it
2. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. all
3. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
A. That
B. Who
C. The one who
D. The students who
4. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. /
5. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
6. Those _____ made no mistakes in today?s exercises please raise your hands.
A. which
B. whom
C. that
D. who
7. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.
A. what
B. which
C. as
D. ./
III. as与which的区别：
as\that\which
1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift.
2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it.
3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student.
4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.
模拟训练：
1. He is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______.
A. as; him
B. that; /
C. as; /
D. whom; him
2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery.
A. the same; as
B. the same; where
C. the same ; that
D. as the same; as
IV. 介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法
关系代词在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，可用介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导定语从句
1. Do you like the book ___________she spent $10?
2. Do you like the book ___________she paid $10?
3. Do you like the book ___________ she learned a lot?
4. Do you like the book ______________ she often talks?
5. He built a telescope ______________ he could study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree outside, _____________ stands our teacher.
7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ___________ is the Yellow River.
8. The tower _____________ people can have a good view is on the hill.
9. The man ____________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at writing.
10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ________ hadn?t been cleaned for at least a year.
11. He gave me some novels _____ ______ I am not very familiar.
12. I still remember the day ___ _____ I first got to Paris.
用法小结：
V. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
牛刀小试：
1. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that
B. when
C. where
D. there
2. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?
A. where
B. in that
C. that
D. which
3. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
4. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. on that
5. The time _____ we studied together is not easily forgotten.
A. at what
B. when
C. that
D. where
6. October 1,1949 i s the day _____ we?ll never forget.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. in which
7. October 1,1949 was the day _____ the People?s Republic of China was founded.
A. which
B. when
C. where
D. in which
8. Is this the shop _____ sells children?s cloth ing?
A. which
B. where
C. in which
D. what
9. Is this museum _____ they visited last month?
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. the one
10. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
11.The rapid development of communication technology is transforming the manner ____people communicate across time and space
A, in which B. when C. where D. whose
12.China is the birthplace of kites,____ kite--flying spread to Japan, Korea and India.
A. from that
B. from here
C. from there
D. from which
ⅵ. the way用做先行词
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1. The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
2. The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple.
高考题链接：
3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. （04湖北）
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
ⅶ一些特殊词之后的where
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。
1. I?ve come to the point where I can?t stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。
高考题链接：
1.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山东）
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. when
2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself?
---Yes, there?s one point ____ we must insist on . （06江西）
A. why
B. where
C. how
D. /
ⅷ. 综合考察Comprehensive usage of the Attributive clause
定语从句是高中英语学习的重要语法项目之一，也是历年高考的热点。它的难度主要是通过改变句子的正常语序或借助于其它语法项目来体现的，为了提高同学们的应变能力，现对定语从句的一些常见考点归纳和总结如下：
综合考查一：定语从句与强调句
where\that
1.This is the library _____I borrowed the book.
2.It is from this library ____I borrowed the book.
Keys: Where that
3. ---Where did you last see Mr. Smith?
---It was in the hotel____ I lived.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
Keys: C
综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句
that/which
1. We all have heard the news_____ our team won.
2. We don?t believe the news _________ he told us yesterday.
Keys: that that/which
综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句
The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （05 江苏）
A. which; where
B. at which; which
C. at which; where
D. which; in which
Key: C
综合考查四：疑问句中考查定语从句
Is this the farm ________ you visited last week?
A. where
B. the one
C. on which
D. /
Key: D
综合考查五：倒装句中考查定语从句
We came to a place, ________ stood a big tower.
A. which
B. that
C. /
D. where
Key: D
综合考查六：拆分词组和固定搭配
The second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food.
A. of which
B. where
C. to do
D. that
Why can't you realize the part ________ they have played in our life?
A. which
B. on which
C. when
D. where
Keys: D, A 上述句子中包含以下词组：make use of, play a part (in)。
综合考查七：添加插入语或状语
The scientist has made another discovery, _______ I believe is of great importance.
A. that
B. /
C. which
D. why
Key: C 这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。常见的插入语有：I think (suppose, expect, believe, imagine), in my opinion, to tell you the truth等。做这类题目时，最佳的办法是先删去插入语或状语，这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了。
综合考查八：插入非谓语动词
Is this the man ________ you want to have ________the radio for me?
A. who; repaired
B. that; repaired
C. whom; repairing
D. that; repair
Key: D 非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一，因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词就成了学生最易失分的题目。对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。如：我们可以把几个句子中的定语从句进行还原，还原后的句子应是：You want to have the man repair the radio for me.
小试牛刀：
1. Was it in the shop ________ sold children's clothing that you lost your wallet?
A. /
B. where
C. that
D. when
2. Thank you for the difficulty ________ you have had painting the house.
A. when
B. /
C. why
D. where
3. Is there anyone around the factory ________ knows how to operate the computer?
A. who
B. which
C. where
D. in which
4. The managers discussed the plan ________ they would like to see ________ the next year.
A. that; carried out
B. who; carried out
C. which; carry out
D. that; carrying out
5. She was much disappointed to see the beautiful cloth ________ she had made
________ with lots of spots.
A. which; cover
B. that; covered
C. /; covering
D. where; covering Exercises 易混题
1. ①This is one of the most interesting films _____ shown last week.
②This is the very one of the most interesting films _____ shown last week.
A. which was
B. that was
C. which were
D. that were
2. ①He has two sons, _____ are college students.
②He has two sons, and _____ are college students.
A. both of which
B. both of whom
C. both of them
D. both of it
3. ①He still lives in the room _____ window faces to the east.
②He still lives in the room, the window _____ faces to the east.
③He still lives in the room _____ is in the north of the city.
④He still lives in the room _____ there is a beautiful table.
A. which
B. whose
C. where
D. of which
4. ①_____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
②_____ who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
③_____ who leave the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone
B. Who
C. Those
D. Whoever
5. ①_____ we all know, China is rich in natural resources.
②_____ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources.
③_____ is well-known, China is rich in natural resources.
A. Which
B. As
C. It
D. That
6. ①I’ll never forget the days _____ we studied together.
②I’ll never forget the days _____ we spent together.
A. that
B. 不填
C. when
D. A and B
7. ①This is the only way _____ you can find.
②I don’t like the way _____ he spoke to his mother.
A. that
B. 不填
C. in which
D. A, B and C
E. A and B
8. ①Galileo collected the facts __ proved the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
②Galileo discovered the fact _____ the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
A. that
B. which
C. 不填
D. A and B
9. ①Is this museum _____ they visited last month?
②The teacher tells us that _____ cleans the blackboard is to be praised.
A. that
B. the one
C. which
D. the one who
10. ①It was eleven o?clock _____ they went out of the cinema.
②It was at eleven o’clock _____ they went out of the cinema.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. on which
Exercises高考真题
1. Finally the thief handed everything ______ he had stolen to the police .
A. which
B. what
C. whatever
D. that
2. His parents wouldn?t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor .
A. of whom
B. whom
C. of whose
D. whose
3. All ______ is needed is a supply of oil .
A. the thing
B. that
C. what
D. which
4. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of ____hadn?t been cleaned for at lea st
a year .
A. these
B. those
C. that
D. which
5. She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth .
A. it
B. which
C. this
D. that
6. In the dark street, there wasn?t a single person ______ sh e could turn for help.
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
7. The weather turned out to be very good, ______ we hadn?t expect .
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. it
8. After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a
child .
A. which
B. where
C. that
D. when
9. He made another wonderful discovery, _____ of great importance to science .
A. which I think is
B. which I think it is
C. which I think it
D. I think which is
10. Then the great day came ______ he was to march past the palace in the parade .
A. where
B. since
C. when
D. till
11. —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that the reason ______ you had a few days off ?
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. where
12. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_____, of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who
B. which
C. this
D. what
13. The film brought the hours back to me ___I was taken good care of in that far-away village .
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where
14. ______ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month .
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
15. The journey around the world look the old sailor nine months, the sailing time was
26 days.
A. of which
B. during which
C. from which
D. for which
16. Luxun, was Zhou Shuren, wrote many novels and essays.
A. the real name
B. what his real name
C. his real name
D. whose real name
17. is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
18. We are living in an age many things are done on computer.
A. which
B. that
C. whose
D. when
19. We …ll be shown around the city: schools, museums and some other places,___other visitors seldom go.
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. when
20. He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years.
A. is
B. are
C. have been
D. has been
21.Eric received training in computer for one year, ______he found a job in a big company.
A. after which
B. after that
C. after it
D. after that
22. He was educated at the local high school, ____ we went on to Beijing University.
A. after which
B. after that
C. in which Ｄ.in that
23.The village has developed a lot ____we learned farming two years ago.
A. when
B. which
C. that
D. where
24. His move won several awards at the film festival,_____ was beyond his wildest.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
25.It is reported that two schools, _____are being built in my hometown, will open next year.
A. they both
B. which both
C. both of them
D. both of which
26. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _____wanted to buy it.
A. none of them
B. both of them
C. none of whom
D. neither of whom
27. The book was written in 1946, _____ the education system has witnessed great changes.
A. when
B. during which
C. since then
D. since when
28.We shouldn?t spend our money testing so many people, most of ____are healthy.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. whom
29. Chan?s restaurant on Baker?s street, _____ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. where
30. After graduation she reached a point in her career ______she needed to decide what to do.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. where
31.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ____sight matters more than hearing
A. when
B. whose
C. which
D. where
32.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _____ they learn simple games and songs.
A. then
B. there
C. which
D. where
33.Today, we?ll discuss a number of cases ______beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
A. which
B. as
C. why
D. where
The emphatic sentence
Teaching aims:
1 Let the Ss preview the emphatic sentence.
2.Enable the Ss to identify the emphatic sentence.
The difficult and important points:
1.Enable the Ss to tell the emphatic sentence from the attributive clause
2.Enable the Ss to understand the different forms of the emphatic sentence. Teaching procedures:
一基本结构:
(1).We live and study here every day.
It is _____ that we live and study every day.(变成强调句)
(2) It is the farm ____ he used to work.
It is in the farm ______ he used to work.
It was 1949 ________ the PRC was founded.
It was in 1949_______the PRC was founded.
(3) It was I ____ lost the book. (4) It was the book ____ I lost.
(5) It was yesterday _____ I lost the book.
(6) It was in the street _____ I lost the book.
(7) I bought this car in that shop last month.
It was_____ who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (强调主语)
It was ______ that I bought in that shop last month. (强调宾语)
It was _______ that I bought this car last month. (强调地点状语)
It was_________ that I bought this car in that shop. (强调时间状语)
结论：用来强调一个句子中除______以外的句子成分。去掉强调句式It was…that…后，剩余句子的结构和句意是完整的。
注意：强调谓语时应该用助动词do/ does或did.
e.g. _____ sit down. 务必请坐。
He ______write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
______ be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
. 注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。
二强调句的一般疑问句式和特殊疑问句式
Is/Was it + 被强调部分+that/who+ 句子其他成分？
如: Is it on Friday that the school sports meeting will be held.
特殊疑问词+ is/was +that/who + 句子其他成分？
如：When is it that the school sports meeting will be held
?1．（1994 上海）Was it in 1969 ____ the American astronauts succeeded ___ landing on the moon ?
?A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in
?2．Could it be in the restaurant in ____ you had dinner with me yesterday ____
you lost your handbag?
A. that; which
B. which; that
C. where; that
D. that; where
3．_______ is it _______has made Peter what he is today?
A. What; that
B. That; that
C. What; what
D. What; that
?依此为据扩展开来可为：
?4．______________ she turned down our help? 什么原因使得…？
?5．______________ you met Tom yesterday? 究竟在哪…？
?6 ______________ you met him in the park? 究竟何时…？
?7．______________you got to know Mary? 究竟在何时何地…？
?8．______________ that came up with the bright idea? 究竟是谁…？?9．______________ you want to buy? 究竟是哪一本书…？
?10．______________ you took away? 到底是谁的伞…？
三强调句型的反意疑问句形式
句式特征为：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？
11．It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, ______?
A. do they
B. didn?t they
C. wasn?t it
D. was it
四、强调句型的感叹句形式。
句式特征为：what/ how … it is (that) +主语+谓语！
12．你画了一副多么美丽的画啊！_______________________（what）13．你女儿多么的美丽啊！______________________________(how)
五、在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。
在强调句型中，有时也考察用rather than，not …but…等连接的平行对比结构，此时既要注重比较结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。
句式特征为：
It is/wa s not…but…that… ; 不是…而是…（就近原则）
It is /was … not … that… ; 是…而不是…（就前原则）
It is/was … rather than… that… ;是…而不是… ( 就前原则)
16．It is not help but obstacles that _______ a man.
A make
B makes
C has made
D have made
17．Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, ______ to blame.
A. is
B. that is
C. are
D. who are 18．(NMET 2000, 24) It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one
B. that
C. what
D. it
19．It is the prevention of disease rather than its successful treatment that ______ led to the rapid increase of the world?s population.(have)
六、强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。
句式特征: It may be+ 被强调部分+ that …
It must have been+被强调部分+ that …
Would/ Could it be +被强调部分+that…?
20．It might have been John ______bought a new book for Mary yesterday. A. what B. since C. that D. then
21．It may be next week ________ she leaves for Tokyo.
A. what
B. since
C. that
D. then
七、强调句型和名词性从句的结合。
句式特征为: 整个强调句型用作名词性从句;或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。
22．I?ve already forgotten _________you put the dictionary.
A. that it was there
B. where was it that
C. that where it was
D. where it was that
23．It was at the very beginning ____Mr. Fox made the decision _____ we should send more firefighters there.
A. when; which
B. where; what
C. then; so
D. that; that
八、强调句型和定语从句的结合。
句式特征为: 在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的that/who部分。
24．It was in the small house _____was built with stones by his father ____he spent his childhood.
A. which; that
B. that; where
C. which; which
D. that; which 25．It was playing computer games _____ cost the boy plenty of time _______ he ought to have spent doing his lessons.
A. which; that
B. that; where
C. which; which
D. that; which
九、强调句型和（not）……until句型的结合。
句式特征为:
It is/ was not until+被强调部分+that+短暂动词
27．I didn?t know the result until he came back..(对画线部分进行强调) ?______________________________________.
注意：not…until位于句首，主句部分要部分倒装
Not until _________________________________(直到他回来我才知道结果)十一、强调句型的形近句型。
(1) _______________(以下三个句子是什么从句)
28．It is important that he (should) learn English well.
29．It is a fact that he can speak both English and Japanese.
30．It is suggested that he leave his office right now.
(2) “It be +时间段+since……”句型。如果since和延续性动词连用，则意为“某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和短暂动词连用，则为“某人做某事已有多久了”。如：
31．_________________________. 他病了两个月了。
32．_________________________. 他病好已经两个月了。
（3）It be+时间段+before……句型表示“……多久后某事发生”。35．_________________________. 很长时间后他们才见面。
36．_________________________. 时间过不久他们就回来了。
（4）“It be…when……”句型表示“某事发生时正是……时候”
37．It was 1949 when the PRC was founded.
38．It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded.
用that ,before, when, since完成句子
(1) It was three hours ago _____ he left here.
(2) It was three o?clock ______ he left here.
(3) It is three hours _________ he left here.
(4) It is three hours________ he smoked.
(5) It will be three hours ___ he leaves here.
(6) It wasn?t long ________ he left here.
名词性从句强调句与定语从句综合练习
名词性从句、强调句与定语从句综合练习 1. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t come to the party. A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for 2. －I believe ______ you’ve tried your best and ______ you can come to the top of the class. －Thank you. A. what; / B. / ; / C. what; that D. /; that 3. Please give the note to ______ is in the classroom. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her which ) 5. The question Mike asked was ______ the sports meet would be put off. A. that B. if C. whether D. because 6. Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives. ;that ;which ;which ;that 7. We need the same machine ______ in your factory. is being used is being used is being used it is being used can be seen from his face, he is quite satisfied. 9. Is ______ he told you really funny A. that B. is C. what D. this 10. —On the contrary，I think it is the mother，rather than her children， to blame. —I agree with you. is is are are — lent me a lot of maney,______ I coul dn’t buy the TV set. it which which which wonder if it was in the bookstore I bought some books I lost the keys. ;that ;where ;that ;where 13. It was in the garden of his old house_____he grew up______he dug up a pot of gold. ;that ;where ;that ;where was in the stone house was built as a school by local villagers the boy finished his primary school. ;that ;where ;which ;which 15．—Where did you meet him while in Beijing —It was in the hotel ______ I stayed． A．that B．which C．when D．where 、 was on October 15 the Communist Party 17th Congress began， was the biggest
定语从句强调句用法
下面总结强调句型的使用： 一、it强调句型的构成：It+be+被强调部分+that(强调部分指人做主语时时用who，指人做宾语时用whom)+句子的其他部分。 例如：Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday. It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语) It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday.(强调宾语) It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.(强调时间状语) It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday.(强调地点状语) 注意：it强调句型不能强调句子的谓语。 二、not…until结构强调句型的构成：It+be+not+until部分+that+句子的其他部分。例如：He didn't go to bed until his father came back.. 变为强调句型为：It was not until his father came back that he went to bed. 注意原句中的didn't go部分中的not提前后，剩下did go变为went. 本文开头提到的两个句子都是not..until结构用于强调句型。那么把这两句话变回正常的语序则为： 1)…but he didn't make his most important discovery until after the war. 2)The importance of Fleming's discovery was not fully recognized until World War II. 三、特殊疑问句强调句型的构成：特殊疑问词+be+it+that+句子的其他部分(用陈述语序) 例如：When did you receive the gift？ 对特殊疑问词when做强调：When was it that you received the gift？ 注意此句中的received是由did加receive结合而成的。
定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析
学法导航 定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 安丘一中高二英语组李建文 众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。 例1The news （that / which） we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用，对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有：answer， belief， doubt， decision，explanation， fact， hope， idea， information， message， news， order， possibility，problem， promise， question， reason， story， suggestion， thought， truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子，常用that连接而不是用which 引导，that本身不充当句子成分，表示疑问意义的名词（如doubt， question等）后也可用whether， who， what 等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。 点评：例3中that / which引导的是定语从句，修饰fact，用以限定说明是哪个fact，
定语从句与强调句的区别
定语从句与强调句的区别 1. 强调句型中的it 属于引导词，本身没有意义。如果去掉is／was ... that结构，句子结构仍然完整，句意也完整。定语从句中的it 是指示代词，作主句的主语。 如果去掉it is／was ...that，句子结构不完整，意思也不完整。 It is a question that needs careful consideration. 这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。（定语从句） It is novels that she enjoys reading. 她喜欢阅读的是小说。（= She enjoys reading novels.）（强调句型） It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago. 是在火车站我们16 年前第一次相逢。（强调句型，强调地点状语at therailway station） It was the railway station where we first met 16 years ago. 这是我们16 年前第一次相逢的火车站。（定语从句，where 是关系副词，在定语从句中做地点状语） 2. 在强调句中被强调的部分还可以是副词、介词短语或从句；在定语从句中先行词一般是名词、代词或名词短语。 It was because she was ill that we decided to return. 正是因为她生病了，我们才决定回来。（强调句型） Was it the place where the party was held？ 这些是举行集会的那个地方吗？（定语从句） 3. 有些强调句型中含有一个定语从句，这往往给理解带来一定的难度。解决方法是仔细分析that 或who在句中的作用。 It was in the lab that was set up last year they finished the experiment. 他们是在去年建造的实验室里完成这个实验的。（that was set up last year是定语从句，that 在从句中作主语，并可被which 替换）It was the students who came from our school that won the first prize in thecontest.是来自我们学校的学生获得了竞赛一等奖。(who came from our school是定语从句。who 在从句中作主语。）
定语从句与强调句和状语从句的区别
定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。 例1The news （that / which）we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用，对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有：answer，belief，doubt，decision，explanation，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，possibility，problem，promise，question，reason，story，suggestion，thought，truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子，常用that连接而不是用which 引导，that本身不充当句子成分，表示疑问意义的名词（如doubt，question等）后也可用whether，who，what等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。
(英语)英语强调句练习题及答案及解析
（英语）英语强调句练习题及答案及解析 一、初中英语强调句 1．______ he will return to his native land. A. It is long before that B. It will be long before that C. It won't be long before D. It is before long that 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：不就以后他就会回到他的祖国了。本题强调的是时间状语before long不久以后；强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分。在考查的时候，经常会把强调句型和定语从句结合在一起考查，要注意分析句子的成分。故D正确。 【点评】考查强调句型，掌握其结构：it is/was…that/who…。 2．It's a long time ago ______ I saw you last time. A. when B. since C. for D. that 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我上次见你是很久以前了。强调结构It is…that…，本句中it没有实际含义，和is,that构成框架，强调谓语以外的部分，去掉它们句子仍然成立。故选D。【点评】本题考查的是强调句型结构。强调句型是对句子的主语，宾语，状语等进行强调，（谓语除外），其基本结构是It is +被强调的部分+that/who+句子的其他成分（强调主语若是人引导词可以用who/that,若是其他一律用that ）。去掉这个框架结构句子仍然成立。 3．It's his brother ________ never been to Australia. You'd better take him with you. A. that is B. who is C. that have D. who has 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：是他的弟弟从没去过澳大利亚，你最好带他跟你去。have been to 去过……。强调句型是：It is+被强调部分+that（指人时用who）+句子的其他成分。此处强调句子的主语his brother，故谓语用has。因此选D。 【点评】考查强调句型。 4．She found her lost car._______ she had! A. What a good luck B. What good luck C. How good luck D. How good the luck 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意“她发现了她丢失的小汽车，她多么幸运啊。”此处为强调句典型句型，这种句型中what+名词，how+形容词\副词，luck此处表示名词单数“一次好运”，what a good luck=how lucky。故填A。
强调句与定语从句的区别
强调句与定语从句的区别 【原题复现】27.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B．that C．when D. which 【语法补漏】 强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等,先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用that，who； 有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要. 试比较：①It is a question that needs careful consideration. ②It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading. 简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此It是指示代词，It is a question是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构，如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此It是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉It is...that，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。 区分定语从句与强调句区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法，因为强调句的基本句式为It is (was)+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将it is(was) 后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _______I happened to meet him. It is in this street _______I happened to meet him. [ ] A．that B．where C．which D．from which 首先，我们看到主句部分为it is…结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原，得出1．I happened to meet him this street. 2．I happened to meet him in this street. 1句子成份不完整，为定语从句，用where；2句子成份完整为强调句，选that。 2) Where did you meet him? It is in the cinema_______ I met him. It is in the cinema_______ door faces west. [ ] A．that B．where C．whose D．which 仍然采取还原法，得出1．I met him in the cinema. 2．Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整，确定为强调句，用that选A；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子，其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema _______door faces west that I met him. 强调句部分已经省略，而句中door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示门朝西开的电影院，因此选C，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还原法加以辨别： (1) Was it in the cinema _______Smith met you _______you saw the film? A．that, that B．whom, then C．where, that D．which, where (C) (2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office _______he worked. A．this B．which C．where D．/ (C) 【高考题互动】 01、(08全国卷II’20) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 02、(08天津卷’08)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where 03、(08重庆卷’22)It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.
定语从句、强调句相应练习
定语从句、强调句练习 1．All ____ should be done has been done. A. what B. which C. that D. whatever 2.Was it during the Second World War__he died？ A.that B.while C.in which D.then 3.I feel it is your husband who__for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 4．I, ____ your best friend, will try my best to help you. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am 5.It was __ I met Mr. Smith in London. A.many years that B.for many years since C.since many years ago when D.many years ago that 6.It was the dean__walked by. A.where B.who C.what D.which 7．Leilei is the girl _____ pronunciation is the best in our class. A. whose B. who C. who’s D. that 8．Can you lend me the book ______ the other day? A. you talked about it B. that you talked C. about that you talked D. you talked about 9．The two old friends talked about the persons and places _____ impressed them most. A. which B. who C. where D. that 10．These articles are written in simple language, _____ makes it easy to read. A. that B. this C. which D. it 11．My father works in the factory _____ this type of truck is made.
2017年高考英语语法：强调句型和定语从句的区别
2017年高考英语语法：强调句型和定 语从句的区别 “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?”“It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.” A. where B. which C. that D. when 很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。 假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。 其实，此题的答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为 定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。 定语从句与强调句句式结构用法比较： 由it引导的句型结构，常可构成强调句或定语从句，两者极易混淆。一般来说，如果将it is/was...与连接词去掉，句子仍然正确，就为强调句型。这时，就选用that连接词;否则，就为定语从句，其关系词的选择，应根据先行词与从句的关系而定。 例1. (1) It is on the island that they spent 10 years. (2) It is the island where (on which) they spent 10 years. 比较：(1)该句为强调句。表示地点的名词the island前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的地点状语。如果将it is去掉：They spent 10 years on the island.它的意义仍然完整。故应选用连接词that构成强调句式 (注：强调地点状语时，不可用where连接)。 (2)该句为定语从句。表示地点的名词the island前没有介词与其连用，说明它不是一个完整的地点状语。如果将it is去掉：They spent 10 years the island.它的意义不完整。故应选用关系副词where或on which 构成定语从句结构。 例2. (1) It is on the date that she went abroad. (2) It is the date when (on which) she went abroad. 比较：(1)分析句子结构可知，在表示时间的名词the date 前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的时间状语。如果将it is去掉：She went abroad on the date.它的意义仍然完整。故应选用连接词that构成强调句式(强调时间状语时，不可用when连接)。 (2) 分析句子结构可知，在表示时间的名词the date 前没有介词与其连用，说明它不是一个完整的时间状语。如果将it is去掉：She went abroad the date.它的意义不完整。故应选用关系副词when或on which 构成定语从
强调句与定语从句的区别
II 强调句与定语从句的区别 【原题复现】 27.lt was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B . that C . when D. which 【语法补漏】 强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词 that, which , who, whom 或关系副词 when, where , why 等，先行词仲心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作 被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用 that ，who ； 有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结 构特点来进行判断，如能去掉 It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要 . 试比较：① It is a question that needs careful consideration. ② It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading. 简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此 It 是指示代词，It is a question 是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构， 如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此 It 是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉 It is...that ，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。 区分定语从句与强调句 区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法， 因为强调句的基本句式为 It is (was)+被强调部 分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将 it is(was)后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强 调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _____ I happened to meet him. It is in this street _______ I happened to meet him. [] A . that B . where C . which D . from which 首先，我们看到主句部分为 it is …结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原， 得出 1. I happened to meet him this street. 2. I happened to meet him in this street. 1 句子成份不完整，为定语 从句，用where ； 2句子成份完整为强调句，选 that 。 2) Where did you meet him? It is in the cinema ______ I met him. It is in the cinema _______ door faces west. [] A . that B . where C . whose D . which 仍然采取还原法， 得出1 . I met him in the cinema. 2 . Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整， 确定为 强调句，用that 选A ；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子， 其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema ______ door faces west that I met him.强调句部分已经省略，而句中 door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示 门朝西开的电影院，因此选 C ，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还 原法加以辨别： ⑴ Was it in the cinema ______ Smith met you ______ you saw the film? A . that, that B . whom, then C . where, that D . which, where (C) (2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office ______ he worked. 【高考题互动】 20) It was in New Zeala nd B. how Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. D. whe n 22)It was not un til mid ni ght they reached the camp 02、(08天津卷' childhood. 08)It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spe nt much of his A. how B. which C. that D. where A . this B . which C . where (C) 01、(08全国卷 A. that C. which 03、(08重庆卷'
定语从句和同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别练习题
定语从句和同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别练习题 Fill in the blanks with a proper word: 1. Mary is no longer the girl __ she used to be. 2. Mary is no longer ____ she used to be. 3. Kunming is no longer the city ___ it was ten years ago. 4. Kunming is no longer ___ it was ten years ago. 5. All ___ is needed is a supply of oil. 6. ___ is needed is a supply of oil. 7. Everything ___ he said at the meeting astonished everybody pres ent. 8. ___ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 9. Last night I dreamed a dream ___ I passed the entrance examin ation. 10. The dream ___ I dreamed last night was very funny. 11. Was it during the Second World ___ he died? 12. It was the hour ___ the place was full of job-hunters. 13. It was at the theater ___ Lincoln was murdered. 14. It was the theater ___ Lincoln was murdered. 15. She heard a terrible noise, ___ brought her heart into her mout h. 16. She heard a terrible noise. ___ brought her heart into her mout h. 17. Is this the museum ___ I visited last week?
定语从句和强调句的区别
定语从句和强调句的区别 一、限定性定语从句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词，介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间 〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
外研版英语英语强调句总结和练习含答案
外研版英语英语强调句总结和练习含答案 一、初中英语强调句 1．I found _______ convenient to shop on line at home. A. it's B. that C. it D. that was 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我发现在家网购和方便。固定句式：主+find+it+adj+to do，主语发现做某事是……的，故选C。 【点评】考查it做形式宾语，熟练掌握固定句式：主+find+it+adj+to do。 2．It's a long time ago ______ I saw you last time. A. when B. since C. for D. that 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我上次见你是很久以前了。考查强调结构It is……that……，本句中it没有实际含义，做形式主语指代下文that从句内容，故选D。 【点评】固定句式的考查也是英语考查的一个重点，熟记这些句式可以减少答题中的分析判断时间，所以平时加强句式记忆也是学好英语的关键环节。 3．The journey to America was very important to him because it was that journey changed his attitudes towards English study. A. of which B. to which C. that D. through which 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：美国之行对他来说很重要，因为是那次旅行改变了他对英语学习的态度。此句是强调句型，故选C。 【点评】考查强调句型，掌握强调句型的结构。 4．It is in the city you're going to pay a visit to this kind of beer is produced. A. 不填; that B. where; that C. 不填; where D. that; which 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：这种啤酒生产于你将要访问的城市。此句是强调句式，强调in the city，指物，所以第二空填that；the city做先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中做宾语，关系代词省略，故答案为A。 【点评】考查定语从句和强调句式，本题涉及限制性定语从句的应用。 5．It is in the little farm my mother used to work I spent my whole childhood. A. what; that B. which; that C. where; that D. where; where 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：就是在我母亲工作的那个小农场里，我度过了我的整个童年。第一个空是定语从句中的先行词，the little farm 被一个定语从句修饰，the litte farm是先行词，在从句中作状语，如放在从句中应该是 my mother used to work in the farm。因此，要
强调句与定语从句的区别
强调句与定语从句的区别 【原题复现】was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B．that C．when D. which 【语法补漏】 强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等,先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用that，who； 有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要. 试比较：①It is a question that needs careful consideration. ②It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading. 简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此It是指示代词，It is a question是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构，如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此It是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉It is...that，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。 区分定语从句与强调句区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法，因为强调句的基本句式为It is (was)+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将it is(was) 后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _______I happened to meet him. It is in this street _______I happened to meet him. [ ] A．that B．where C．which D．from which 首先，我们看到主句部分为it is…结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原，得出1．I happened to meet him this street. 2．I happened to meet him in this street. 1句子成份不完整，为定语从句，用where；2句子成份完整为强调句，选that。 2) Where did you meet him It is in the cinema_______ I met him. It is in the cinema_______ door faces west. [ ] A．that B．where C．whose D．which 仍然采取还原法，得出1．I met him in the cinema. 2．Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整，确定为强调句，用that选A；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子，其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema _______door faces west that I met him. 强调句部分已经省略，而句中door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示门朝西开的电影院，因此选C，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还原法加以辨别： (1) Was it in the cinema _______Smith met you _______you saw the film A．that, that B．whom, then C．where, that D．which, where (C) (2) Where did you found XingMing It was in the office _______he worked. A．this B．which C．where D．/ (C) 【高考题互动】 01、(08全国卷II’20) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 02、(08天津卷’08)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where 03、(08重庆卷’22)It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.