(英语)初三英语阅读理解及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析

（英语）初三英语阅读理解及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析

一、英语阅读（日常生活类）

1．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 Do you think your school rules are boring? Take a look at these rules. No hugging Some schools in Portland and Florida started the rule —No hugging in 2010.

Two years later some schools in New Jersey and Brooklyn made the same rule.

The reason is clear —to avoid "unsuitable interactions （不适当的互动）"

between students.

No bags into the classroom One high school in Michigan doesn't allow bags into the classroom at all. The school asks students to return to their lockers （储物柜）between classes for

their books in order to make sure they are safe in lunchrooms and classrooms.

No Ugg boots （Ugg 靴子） It might get very cold in winter in Pennsylvania, but students there aren't allowed to wear their Ugg boots into class. It's to stop them from hiding things

like mobile phones in the boots.

No balls A Toronto school doesn't allow its students to bring any hard balls to school.

Why? A parent was taken to hospital with a concussion （脑震荡）after being

hit by a ball.

（1）When did some schools in New Jersey make the rule "no hugging"?

A. In 2008

B. In 2010

C. In 2012

D. In 2014

（2）Where are the students at Michigan school asked to keep their books?

A. In the lockers

B. In the classrooms

C. In the lunchrooms

D. In teachers' offices.

（3）Mobile phones are not allowed into class in _________.

A. one Portland school

B. some schools in Florida

C. one Pennsylvania school

D. some schools in Brooklyn

（4）Who is the reason for a Toronto school's "no balls" rule?

A. A teacher

B. A doctor

C. A student

D. A parent

（5）Where is the material probably from?

A. A newspaper

B. A website

C. A speech

D. A diary

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍几个学校的规则。

（1）推理题。根据 Some schools in Portland and Florida started the rule —No hugging in 2010. Two years later some schools in New Jersey and Brooklyn made the same rule 波特兰和佛罗里达的一些学校开始了这项规定——2010年禁止拥抱。两年后，新泽西和布鲁克林的一些学校也制定了同样的规则 ，可知新泽西的一些学校2012年制定了“禁止拥抱”的规则，故选

C。

（2）细节题。根据 One high school in Michigan doesn't allow bags into the classroom at all. The school asks students to return to their lockers ，可知密歇根学校的学生被要求把书放在储物柜里，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 students there aren't allowed to wear their Ugg boots into class. It's to stop them from hiding things like mobile phones in the boots 那里的学生不允许穿ugg靴子上课，为了阻止他们把手机之类的东西藏在靴子里，可知Pennsylvania 不允许上课使用手机，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据A parent was taken to hospital with a concussion（脑震荡）after being hit by a ball一名家长被球击中后因脑震荡被送往医院，可知多伦多学校“不准打球”规则的原因是因为一位家长，故选D。

（5）推理题。根据Interested? Click（点击） here to read more有兴趣吗？点击这里阅读更多，可知文章来自网站，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

2．阅读理解

According to a 2018 study from San Francisco State University, nearly 2. 4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017. By the end of 2019, more than a third of the global population will be using a smartphone.

However, smartphone technology can be a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it sends us unlimited amounts of information. On the other hand, using a smartphone may become an addiction.

Erik Peper and Richard Harvey are both health education professors at San Francisco State university. They led the study. Peper explains that smartphone addiction forms connections in the brain that are similar to drug addiction.

And these connections form slowly over time. Also, addiction to social media may affect our emotional state. The two professors asked 135 university students about their habit of smartphone use and their feelings. They found that students who used their phones the most reported higher levels of feeling lonely, depressed and anxious.

Peper and Harvey do not blame users for their technology addiction. They believe it is the tech industry's desire to make more money that is to blame for the technology addiction. The researchers warm that workers in the technology industry know how to control our brains and turn us into addicts.

But the researchers say that we can limit our brains to be less addicted to our phones and computers. Enk Peper suggests timing off our phones before we sleep or do something important. The researchers also suggest taking control of when and where you answer texts or emails. You do not need to answer them all. And you certainly don't need to answer them as soon as you get them. They also suggest putting limits on the time you spend on social media. If you want to catch up with friends on Facebook, set aside a small amount of time to it. You should focus on important tasks and do not allow technology to disturb you.

（1）What can we infer from Paragraph 1?

A. Smartphone use has become extremely common.

B. Most young people can't live without smartphones.

C. Smartphones make our life more colorful and convenient.

D. Most people consider smartphones as the greatest invention.

（2）The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 means smartphone technology____.

A. has a brilliant future

B. can be better than most people think

C. has both advantages and disadvantages

D. can give us unlimited amounts of information

（3）What did Enk Peper and Richard Harvey find about smartphone use?

A. It can help reduce loneliness.

B. It's more popular with students.

C. It's preferred by young people feeling lonely.

D. It can harm students' emotional state in many ways.

（4）What does the last paragraph mainly want to tell us?

A. Social media isn't that important to us.

B. We can train our brine to do many things.

C. We shouldn't become addicted to our smartphones.

D. There are ways to deal with Smartphone use addiction.

（5）Which of the followings is True?

A. We can use smartphones to deal with loneliness.

B. An addiction can't be controlled if we still use smartphones.

C. There were nearly 2. 4 billion people using smartphones in the world in 2017.

D. Stop using smartphones if you don't know when and where you should answer the emails.【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】【文章大意】本文讲述了智能手机的利与弊。一方面，它向我们发送无限的信息。另一方面，使用智能手机可能会成为一种瘾。

（1）判断推理题。根据nearly2.4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017 By the end of 2019more than a third of the global population will be using a smartphone.201，全球近24亿人使用智能手机。到2019年底，全球超过三分之一的人口将使用智能手机。可知，智能手机的使用已经变得非常普遍。故选 A。

（2）句意猜测题。根据后一句On the one hand it sends us unlimited amounts of information.On the other handusing a smartphone may become an addictionr一方面，它向我们发送无限量的信息。另一方面，使用智能手机可能会成为一种瘾。可以推测出，智能手机技术可能是一把双刃剑，既有优点又有缺点。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据They found that students who used their phones the most reported higher levels of feeling lonelydepressed and anxious他们发现使用手机的学生报告说，他们感到孤独、沮丧和焦虑的程度更高。可知，它会在很多方面损害学生的情绪状态。故选D。（4）推理判断题。But the researchers say that we can limit our brains to be less

addicted to our phones and compute但是研究人员说，我们可以限制我们的大脑对手机和电脑的上瘾程度。以及内容，可以推测出，最后一段是告诉我们，有办法处理智能手机使用上瘾。故选D。

（5）根据第一段nearly 2 4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017. 2017年，全球近24亿人使用智能手机。结合选项A，我们可以用智能手机来对付孤独。B、如果我们仍然使用智能手机，就无法控制一个插件。C、2017年世界上有近24亿人使用智能手机。D、如果你不知道何时何地应该回复邮件，就不要使用智能手机。综上所述，可知第三个符合文章内容。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

3．阅读理解

At some point in life, many people develop a mental （精神） problem.

While most people get over it, for others it doesn't go away easily.

The WHO says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. It's thought that the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main causes of illness, and even death.

In China, the picture isn't bright, either. About one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 have a mental health challenge.

The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress, but today the stress is much higher than before, the WHO said.

A research centre in Oxford University says that young people today have big stresses at school. For example, they experience bullying （欺凌）. In a 2017 report, the centre noted that the Internet was a special source （渠道）of stress. Online, young people often see "messages about perfection" and this causes the young "great uncertainty about their futures", says the centre.

Also, according to China Daily, Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental problems. They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. Elaine

Peng, a US mental health educator, makes a similar point. And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma. It is reported in 2017 that a quarter of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they developed a mental problem.

Young people who don't ask for help for their condition may be creating problems for themselves in the future. Elaine Peng warned that, "If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever."

"My message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong within you—ask for help," he told China Daily.

（1）Which of the following is NOT the cause of stress according to the passage?

A. Heavy schoolwork

B. Being bullied at school.

C. Some information from the Internet.

D. Certainty about the future.

（2）Why don't Chinese people ask for help with their mental problems?

A. They don't think them serious.

B. They can get over them in time.

C. They can keep their mental health secret.

D. They are afraid of being looked down upon.（3）What does the underlined word "stigma" most probably mean in Chinese?

A. 羞耻

B. 印象

C. 援助

D. 危害（4）Elaine Peng advised the teenagers with mental illness to ______.

A. think less of themselves

B. avoid being bullied

C. ask for help as soon as possible

D. stay away from the Internet.

（5）The main purpose of the passage is to ______.

A. ask research centers for help

B. tell about teenagers' stresses

C. call public attention on teenagers with mental illness

D. show some different opinions from different countries

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述世界上许多人有精神疾病，到2020年世界上有一半的青少年患精神方面的疾病。精神疾病将成为主要的疾病甚至导致死亡，研究表明引起精神异常的原因是压力过大而没有及时找医生疏导导致的。

（1）细节题。根据young people today have big stresses at school. they experience bullying （欺凌）. the Internet was a special source （渠道） of stress.可知，研究表明压力的原因来自于过重的学业，学校的欺凌，已经互联网上一些不良信息导致的，D描述与原文不一致，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble.可知，他们害怕其他人瞧不起他们，故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a social stigma.可知，在英国，超过4分之三的年轻人认为他们的精神

疾病是社会的耻辱，推出stigma的意思是“羞耻”，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever.可知，如果躲避我们的精神健康，它可能拥有是一个问题，推出Elaine Peng建议患有精神疾病的青少年应尽快就医，故选C。

（5）推断题。通过分析可知，作者讲述世界上越来越多的青少年患有精神疾病目的是唤起全社会对患有精神异常的青少年关注，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。

4．阅读理解

Did you take part in a camp this summer? There are so many summer camps and not all of them are the same. To choose which camp is best for you, first you must do a bit of research.

Maybe you've never thought about it before, but every great summer camp has the same main goals—opportunity, challenge and growth.

Opportunity means you are given a chance to do something special. It also makes you special because other kids don't have the same opportunity. For example, if you are interested in writing, then you can choose to join a journalism （新闻）camp. You may have the opportunity of meeting famous journalists there.

Challenge means you are given a task. You must finish the task and succeed in dealing with the challenge. Then you will have a sense of achievement. For example, you could take a lifeguard course at some summer camps. If you pass the exam, then you will receive a certificate （证书）to become a real lifeguard.

This also leads to the third and most important goal of very great summer camp—personal growth. It doesn't mean growing taller and stronger or more beautiful. It means seeing yourself improve, learning something new and doing something you didn't know or believe you could do before. It also means becoming more confident in yourself.

So in the future when choosing your next summer camp, remember to ask yourself: Is it a special opportunity? Is it a challenge? Will I grow?

But what about friendship, fun and joy? These will all happen naturally when you have the right goals at summer camps!

（1）Which is the writer's opinion?

A. Different camps have different goals.

B. There are too many summer camps today.

C. All great summer camps have the same main goals.

D. All the summer camps offer the same activities and courses.

（2）According to the passage, a camper feels successful when he ______.

A. joins the best camp

B. finishes a hard task

C. grows taller and stronger

D. takes a special chance

（3）The most important thing for a camper is to ______.

A. take opportunities

B. grow more beautiful

C. become better and more confident

D. learn new life-saving skills

（4）What does the last paragraph tell us?

A. It's not important to have fun at a camp.

B. It's hard to make real friends at a camp.

C. You can get more joy with more goals at camp.

D. With the right goals, you can have fun while learning at a camp.

（5）Which is the best title for the passage?

A. What makes a camp great?

B. Which is the best goal?

C. How to be a successful camper?

D. How to do research work?

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述作者就如何成为一个成功的野营者给出了一些看法，每个好的夏令营都有相同的主要的目标——机会，挑战和成长，让自己一边学到东西一边获得乐趣。

（1）细节题。根据but every great summer camp has the same main goals—opportunity, challenge and growth.可知，作者观点是所有好的夏令营都有相同的主要目标——机会，挑战，成长，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据You must finish the task and succeed in dealing with the challenge. Then you will have a sense of achievement.可知，每当野营者完成一次艰难的任务后会有成就感，故选B。

（3）推断题。根据the third and most important goal of very great summer camp—personal growth. It means seeing yourself improve, learning something new and doing something you didn't know or believe you could do before. It also means becoming more confident in yourself.可知，对于野营者而言，最重要的事是变得更好而且更自信，故选C。

（4）段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述有用正确的目标，你便可以在夏令营中一边学到东西一边获得乐趣，故选D。

（5）主旨题。本文主要讲述如何成为一个成功的野营者的，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

My first day of school was very interesting and couldn't be easily forgotten. I went to my science class in the morning and found a seat in the back. I waited there for 15 minutes before the bell rang. The science teacher told us about some class rules. No one talked to me and I didn't talk to anyone else. I was one of those very shy girls. After the science class, I had an English class.

I thought it would be boring but later I found it very funny. When the classes of the morning

ended I went to lunch. I sat outside the dining room with no one to talk to and no food because I was too nervous to join the lunch line. I kept looking around hoping to see someone I knew but I never saw anyone.

Lunch ended and I went to have my art class. I was the first one there and not even my teacher was there yet. So I sat at my desk and started drawing some pictures. I didn't notice the rest of the class walking in or the girl that was standing behind me till I was surprised by the voice, "So what are you drawing?" It was a girl who had really long hair. She ended up being my best friend and one of the kindest and liveliest girls I know.

In the next class meeting, the teacher asked us to talk about the past holiday. I was glad to make some new friends in the class. The first day of high school was hard for me but I got through it.

（1）What do we know about the writer's science class?

A. She was 15 minutes late for it.

B. She learned some class rules.

C. She made some new friends.

D. She sat in the front row.

（2）According to the writer, the English class was .

A. boring

B. interesting

C. hard

D. useful

（3）The writer had no lunch because she .

A. wasn't hungry

B. forgot the lunch time

C. was afraid to stand in line

D. didn't like the dining room

（4）In the art class, the writer .

A. got to know a lively girl

B. talked about her past holiday

C. met someone she knew before

D. drew some pictures about her class

（5）What was the writer's first class in the afternoon?

A. The class meeting.

B. The English class.

C. The science class.

D. The art class.【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了自己上学的第一天的学校生活经历，有趣而难忘。（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句The science teacher told us about some class rules。No one talked to me nor did I talk to anyone else。科学老师给我们讲了一些课堂规则，没有人和我交谈，也没有和其他人交谈。可知她学会了一些班级规则。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三行句子I thought it would be boring but it turned out to be very funny。我以为那会很无聊，但结果很有趣，可知英语课是有趣的。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四行句子because I was too nervous to join the lunch line。因为我太紧张了，不能参加午餐队伍。可知作者没有吃午饭，因为她不敢排队。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据第二段句子It was a girl who had really long hair。She ended up being my best friend，那是一个长头发的女孩。她最终成为我最好的朋友，可知作者在美术课上结识了一个好朋友，故选A。

（5）细节理解题。根据第二段句子 Lunch ended and I went to have my art class。午餐结束了，我去上美术课。可知下午第一节课是美术课。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题

的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

6．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

As we all know, English is an important subject in middle school. Everyone knows that they must learn English well, but some people don't know how to learn it well. Here are some suggestions which may help you with your English.

The biggest problem is people's own fear. They worry that they won't say things correctly or that they will look foolish so that they don't speak English at all. Don't be afraid of being laughed at. Only if we aren't afraid of making mistakes can we learn English well.

The fastest way to learn something is to do it again and again until you get it right. Learning English needs practice. Don't let a little fear stop you from getting what you want.

The best way to learn English is to have a good environment. Take notes in English, put English books around your room, listen to English radios, watch English news, movies and TV programs. Speak English with your friends whenever you can. The more English materials that you have around you, the faster you will learn it.

Many people think that exercises and tests aren't much fun. However, by doing exercises and taking tests you can really improve your English. If you never test yourself, you will never know how much you are making progress.

（1）The biggest problem of learning English is ________.

A. not knowing how to learn

B. being afraid of being laughed at

C. looking foolish

D. making mistakes

（2）The fastest way to learn English well is ________.

A. practicing over and over again

B. listening to it every day

C. going over the fear

D. going to a foreign country

（3）To create a good environment, you need to do many things except ________.

A. putting English books around your room

B. listening to English radios

C. watching English news and movies

D. speaking English with your friends only in class

（4）According to the passage, English exercises and tests are ________.

A. very necessary

B. not helpful at all

C. very boring

D. not important

（5）How many suggestions on how to learn English are mentioned according to the passage?

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. Five

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文介绍了帮助我们学习英语的几点建议。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中"The biggest problem is people's own fear"和"They worry that they won't say things correctly or that they will look foolish"及"Don't be afraid of being laughed at"可知，最大的问题是人们自己的恐惧心理。他们担心自己不能正确地说对句子，或者他们会看起来很蠢，不要害怕被人嘲笑。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中"The fastest way to learn something is to do it again and again until you get it right"和"Learning English needs practice"可知，学东西最快的方法是一次次地所，直到做正确。学习英语需要练习（即反复练习）。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中Speak English with your friends whenever you can可知，在任何可能的地方都跟朋友说英语。可知选项D叙述不符合文章的内容，故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据文中"However, by doing exercises and taking tests you can really improve your English"可知，通过做练习和参加测验，你真地可以提高英语。故选A。（5）细节理解题。根据第二段中Don't be afraid of being laughed at和第三段中learning English needs practice及第四段中The best way to learn English is to have a good environment 还有最后一段中However, by doing exercises and taking tests you can really improve your English可知，文章提出如下建议：不要害怕被嘲笑；学习英语需要反复练习；创造一个良好的学习环境；做练习并参加测验，共四条。故选C。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。这篇短文考查细节理解，先分析问题，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题相关的语句，确定问题答案。

7．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Hobbies let you explore interests outside of your line of work. They let you be creative and try all kinds of new things. Picking a different one can get your creative juices flowing again.

Look at what interests you.

Check what you love doing in your spare time. Do you enjoy reading books? Maybe you want to try your hand at writing your own. Do you like a hot coffee at the end of the day? Maybe your hobby could be trying to make it at home. Turn what you already love into a hobby.

Think about what you value most

Do you value wisdom or courage? Do you admire artists? Let such question guide you when choosing a hobby.

For example, maybe you could volunteer at a library as a hobby because you value education or maybe you could try painting because you admire people who can express themselves with art. Examine your skills and personality.

Certain hobbies require certain skill

If you don't have much patience, then maybe going fishing isn't something you'd enjoy. However, if you love building things, maybe you should consider a hobby like working on older cars or building furniture.

Play to your strengths.

Pay attention to what excites your ①________.

The way you talk about things can also show what you really like and it can be developed into a hobby.

Think about the topics you go on endlessly about. Ask your friends and family what you seem to talk about all the time. Now think about the subject that you enjoy so much and decide how it can be turned into your hobby.

（1）This passage is most probably taken from ________.

A. a magazine for old people

B. a magazine for young people

C. a picture book for children

D. a picture book for hobbies

（2）This passage mainly shows us ________.

A. how to find a new hobby

B. how to give up old hobbies

C. why you must find a new hobby

D. why you must give up old hobbies

（3）Which is the most suitable word for ①________?

A. hobbies

B. skills

C. topics

D. interests

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了发现一种新爱好的建议。

（1）细节题。根据全文可知讲了发现一种新爱好，可知不是picture book图画书，排除C、D。根据maybe you could volunteer at a library在图书馆里当志愿者，所以给年轻人写的，故选B。

（2）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了发现一种新爱好的建议。故选A。

（3）推断题。根据后文Think about the topics you go on endlessly about.考虑下话题，可知最合适的词是话题，topics，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意

从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why?

Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. It's the social proof （社会认同感） that works.

The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines （A, B, C）. A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other men enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象）.

Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎）with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now.

Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be capful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular".

（1）At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by ________.

A. telling a story

B. giving examples

C. answering questions

D. showing a map （2）According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows ________.

A. following others is always right

B. social proof may change people's ideas

C. it's difficult to carry out the experiment

D. people can study better if they are alone

（3）The underlined word "It" in Paragraph g refers to ________.

A. running with others

B. hunting with friends

C. copying others' action

D. doing something different

（4）According to the passage, we can infer （推断） that ________.

A. it's important to run with others anytime

B. products in the advertisement are the best

C. we mustn't copy others' action to keep safe

D. we need to think twice before following others

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文通过几个实例说明了社会认知感对人们的影响。（1）细节理解题。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? 可知作者是通过实例说明了一个论点社会认同感的影响。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。第三段的实验内容主要讲让人们选择一个正确答案，在一个人单独思考的状况下，可以答对；当一群人一起看问题，并告知他们前面的人选择的一个错误答案，他们就都选择认可前人回答的错误答案，由此可知社会认同感会让人改变观点。故选B。

（3）词意猜测题。根据Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others' action. 这种观念深深种在我们的脑海中并且现在我们仍旧在使用。可知it指的是人们抄袭他人的行动。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据So be careful whenever a company says its product is "the most popular". 因此无论何时当一个公司说它的产品是对受欢迎的要小心。可知当我们在跟从别人之前要再三考虑。故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先阅读短文，了解短文大意，然后分析问题，弄清题意，再带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题答案。对于推理判断题要根据文章中相关的细节进行推理判断，不要主观臆断，要根据作者的观点确定。

9．阅读理解

Many cars in advertisements are red, blue or green but almost 75 percent of new cars sold are black, white, silver or grey.

A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, saving money. Besides, some areas that are short of water do not allow people to wash their cars often.

According to another survey, white cars are often sold more than cars of other colors. In China, car buyers say white makes a small car look bigger. Car buyers in other countries also like white. And the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones. People also think the temperature inside white cars is lower than

that in cars of other colors.

At present, every year about 11 percent of cars sold are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. But today, green cars are hard to find.

Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.

（1）You can often see cars in advertisements.

A. white

B. black

C. red

D. silver

（2）Car buyers choose grey because they .

A. can wash their cars less

B. don't need to wash cars

C. can pay less money for cars

D. don't allow washing cars

（3）According to the passage, white cars look than those of other colors.

A. safer

B. darker

C. cheaper

D. bigger

（4）Green cars .

A. make up 11% of the cars sold

B. are hard to find all the time

C. were the most popular in the mid 1990s

D. were less popular than blue cars in the past （5）In the future, we can .

A. choose cars in all colors

B. paint our cars any color anywhere

C. buy cars in all colors

D. change our car's paint color anytime

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述车的颜色，以及使用某些颜色的原因。

（1）细节题。根据Many cars in advertisements are red,可知，广告里的车的颜色是经常是红色的，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, 可知，车的用户选择灰色的车，因为他们可以更少洗车，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.可知，研究表明白色的车比其他颜色的车更安全，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. 可知，在20世纪90年代绿色的是世纪很多地方最受欢迎的颜色，推出绿色的车那时应该是最受欢迎的，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.可知，将来，我们可以在任何时候改变我们车的漆的颜色，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻

找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

10．根据短文内容，判断正误。

Riding a Mobike on the street. You might hear some people speaking Chinese aloud. Turning to the right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smartphones are on sale.

But you are not in China—You are in Manchester in Britain. You might see similar things in many other cities. Chinese products have been going global （世界性的）.

Chinese food has been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time. To meet local people's tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. For example, Chinese people like to eat meat with the bone in, but Western people don't. So Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones, even for fish.

Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.

More than half of the US-owned drones（无人机）are Chinese models. They're not only made in China, but also designed and developed in the country.

In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable（不可靠的）. But now, things have changed greatly. "Made in China" becomes cool.

（1）We can see more people use Chinese products in Western countries now.

（2）Chinese restaurants provide meat with bones to meet local people's tastes.

（3）More than 50% of the US-owned drones are designed, developed and made in China. （4）In the past , most Western people thought Chinese products were unable to be trusted. （5）This article is about the disadvantages of Chinese products.

【答案】（1）1

（2）0

（3）1

（4）1

（5）0

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了有关中国元素的很多东西。

（1）根据You might hear some people speaking Chinese aloud. Turning to the right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smartphones are on sale可能会听到一些人大声说中文。向右拐，你会看到一家川菜餐馆。走进商店后，你会看到华为智能手机正在出售可知，我们现在可以看到西方国家越来越多的人使用中国产品是对的，故是正确。

（2）根据So Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones所以中国餐馆提供大块无骨肉可知，中国餐馆提供带骨头的肉来满足当地人的口味是错的，故是错误。

（3）根据More than half of the US-owned drones（无人机）are Chinese models可知超过50%的美国无人驾驶飞机是在中国设计、开发和制造的，故是正确。

（4）根据In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable可知过去，大多数西方人认为中国产品不可信，故是正确。

（5）根据Made in China" becomes cool.“中国制造”变得很酷可知这篇文章是关于中国产品的缺点是错的，故是错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解。注意从文中寻找答案，推断出需要的信息。

11．阅读理解

Joe Connor comes from Kinsley and works in an office in Kansas City. His job is a typical nine-to-five, Monday-to-Friday job. So at the weekend, he does something different. He likes traveling but he works as a volunteer too. He helps different people for free. Every weekend, there's a new project.

This weekend, Joe is helping to build a house. You can see him in the photo. He's moving a large blue panel（板子）. It's part of a wall. Joe isn't a professional builder, but that's the interesting thing about this project. The other people are" weekend builders" too. These "weekend builders" are from the small town of Greensburg in Kansas. A year ago, a tornado（龙卷风） hit their town. After the tornado, the community started a project to build new homes. The project is for 30 new homes. They get some help from a building company and a group of volunteers. Joe says," I heard about the tornado and the new project. I knew some people in Greensburg. I wanted to help." Joe's friends are here this weekend too. They're working with Jill and Scott.

Jill and Scott are both from Pratt, and they are building their" dream house". Jill （on the right） is standing near his new house. He's holding a part of the new wall. They're making the house that can fight against tornadoes ﹣that's why it has an unusual shape.

Their house is almost ready, so next weekend, Joe is moving to a different project. Why does he do? "Though busy, I can help people. I can make friends and that is fun! So, why not?" he says.（1）How long does Joe work every workday？

A. 7 hours.

B. 8 hours.

C. 9 hours.

D. 10 hours.

（2）Which place did the tornado hit？

A. Kindle.

B. Kansas City.

C. Pratt.

D. Greensburg.

（3）Why does Joe choose to work as a volunteer？

A. He can make money to travel.

B. The work brings him pleasure.

C. He always has lots of free time.

D. He is good at building houses.

（4）What is the writer of the text doing？

A. Showing different projects.

B. Introducing a tornado.

C. Talking about a photo.

D. Helping build a house.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍公司职员Joe的个人情况，他喜欢旅游和当志愿者。（1）细节题。由 His job is a typical nine-to-five， Monday-to-Friday job他的工作是典型的周一至周五朝九晚五的工作，可知，他一天工作8个小时，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据These "weekend builders" are from the small town of Greensburg in Kansas. A year ago，a tornado hit their town这些"周末建筑者"来自堪萨斯州的格林斯堡小镇，一年前，龙卷风袭击他们的城镇，可知是格林斯堡小镇，故选D。

（3）细节题。由 Joe is moving to a different project. Why does he do？"Though busy， I can help people. I can make friends and that is fun! So， why not？" he says. 乔将搬到一个不同的项目，他为什么这么做？"虽然很忙，我可以帮助别人，我可以交朋友，这很有趣！那么，为什么不呢？"他说，可知因为他志愿活动给他带来快乐，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据This weekend，Joe is helping to build a house. You can see him in the photo这个周末，乔正在帮忙盖房子，你可以在这张照片上看到他，可知作者正在介绍照片，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

12．阅读理解

One day, Tom's teacher, Miss Mak, held a class meeting. "There will be a flag day next Saturday. Does anyone want to join this meaningful event （活动）?" asked Miss Mak. Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat.

"Tom, you haven't sold flags before," said Miss Mak suddenly. "Would you like to have a try?" Tom was hesitant（犹豫的），but he finally nodded.

On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. "Ex-cuse me, Could y-o-u pl-ea-se buy ...?" said Angela softly to the first person she met. The man smiled and put five-dollar coin into Angela's collection bag. Then she said thanks and put a flag under his shoulder. "I did it!" said Angela happily. "It's your turn now."

Feeling nervous. Tom began to shake. Soon, he saw a young lady walking towards him.

The lady was smiling and holding a few coins in her hand. She asked, "Are you selling flags for Fund for the Homeless Childred?" Tom's face became red and said yes. Then the lady made the donation（捐赠） and Tom gave her a flag. "You made it!" laughed Angela.

In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. Al last, their collection bags were so heavy that they had to hold them with both arms. They felt very proud.（1）Why did Tom keep quiet in his seat?

A. He had other plans.

B. He didn't like Miss Mak.

C. He was not interested in the activity.

D. He was not brave enough to talk to the strangers.（2）When Miss Mak asked Tom to have a try, he finally .

A. laughed

B. nodded

C. refused

D. cried

（3）Where did Tom and Angela sell flags?

A. In a busy street.

B. In their school.

C. In a tall building.

D. In a small garden.（4）How much did the first man pay Angela for the flag?

A. Five dollars.

B. Ten dollars.

C. Fifteen dollars.

D. Twenty dollars.（5）How did Tom and Angela feel after they sold the flags?

A. Bored.

B. Shy.

C. Confident.

D. Sad.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：Tom与Angela在学校组织的卖小国旗活动中，战胜了自己，出色地完成了任务。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Tom was interested in raising money for homeless children but he was not brave enough to talk to the strangers, so he kept quiet in his seat.理解可知，Tom不敢与陌生人说话，所以保持了沉默，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Tom was hesitant（犹豫的），but he finally nodded.理解可知，最后在Mark老师的鼓励下，Tom最后答应参加学校举行的卖国旗的活动，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句On the flag day, Tom and Angela sold flags in a busy street. 理解可知，Tom与Angela在一个闹市区卖国旗，故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The man smiled and put five-dollar coin into Angela's collection bag. 理解可知，第一个人给了Angela五美元，故选A。

（5）理解归纳题。根据文中的语句In the next couple of hours, Angela and Tom sold flags quickly and bravely. 理解可知，Tom与Angela通过这一活动，对自己充满了信心，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题，以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。

13．阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here's something you can do.

Be calm（冷静）. Sometimes, you feel so angry that you really want to teach somebody a lesson. But being angry can't solve problems. Neither can a fight. Instead, it may bring you more problems. In the school, everyone involved（卷入） in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. There are winners in a fight.

Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say "stop" before walking away. Loud voice

can usually make the attacker calm down. If the person doesn't stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby.

____ Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to say no. Helping him fight is not really helpful to him. If you really want to give him a hand, try to ask him to give it up. Also, you can tell him if he gets involved in a fight, he may get hurt and be punished. Then, try to learn why he wants a fight and help him find a right way to deal with the problem.

（1）The underlined word "attack" in Paragraph 3 means "____" in Chinese.

A. 拥抱

B. 攻击

C. 阻止

D. 吸引（2）Which of the following sentences can be put in the ____?

A. Face bravely.

B. Join in a fight.

C. Learn to refuse.

D. Talk to someone.（3）The passage is written to ____.

A. help students keep away from fights

B. warn students not to fight

C. advise students to help each other

D. encourage students to work hard

（4）The passage is written in a/an ____ tone（语气）.

A. sad

B. angry

C. serious

D. crazy

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：面对“打架”，我们应该持有的态度及避免打架的方法。（1）词义推断题。根据文中语句If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say "stop" before walking away. 如果你知道背后有人攻击你……理解可知，attack的意思是“攻击”，故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to say no. 理解可知，此段介绍要学会拒绝，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here's something you can do.理解可知，此文主要介绍让学生如何避免打架，故选A。

（4）理解归纳题。由文中语句In the school, everyone involved（卷入）in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. 理解可知，作者是以严肃的语气来说明这个问题的，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

14．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。

Few students like homework, but it is an important part of middle school life in the UK.

The UK has these rules for homework: Grades7and 8 （ages 11 to 13）: 45 to 90 minutes per day; Grade 9 （ages 14 to 15）:1 to 2 hours a day.

Today, many homework tasks are done on a computer. For example, preparing reports, using the Internet or doing online tasks. So schools are usually open before and after normal hours. In this way, students without computers or the Internet at home can use the schools' facilities（设备）.

Sometimes, students are given extended learning tasks. That means they need to do more research and analysis（分析）.But however big a task is, teachers always give feedback反馈）

to help students find the areas where they can improve.

Some schools send students home with home diaries. They advise parents to check on their

Children's progress. Sadly, not every parent takes much interest. In a survey of 1,000 students aged 11 to 18, over 10 percent said that they did not have space at home to do homework. Almost 15 percent said their families did not support them enough.

（1）In the UK, which one of the following shouldn't do homework for more than 90 minutes?

A. A student of 12.

B. A girl of 14.

C. A boy of 15.

（2）If a student doesn't have a computer or the Internet, how can he finish his online homework?

A. He doesn't have to finish it.

B. He can ask his teacher for help.

C. He can finish it at school.

（3）The underlined word "extended" in Paragraph 4 probably means .

A. 扩展的

B. 特别的

C. 困难的

（4）Why do some schools send students home with home diaries?

A. To advise students to do their homework in time.

B. To advise parents to learn more about their children's progress.

C. To advise parents to help their children with their homework.

（5）Which part is the passage probably from in a newspaper?

A. Education.

B. Sports.

C. Amusement.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了英国学生的家庭作业情况。不同年龄段的学生家

庭作业时间不同。现在大部分的学生都通过电脑完成作业。学生们还需要做一些扩展作业。学校也希望家长配合来更好的帮助学生完成家庭作业。

（1）细节理解题。根据Grade 9（ages 14 to 15）： 1 to 2 hours a day。可知，14到15岁

的学生需要做1到2小时的作业。根据Grades 7 and 8（ages 11 to 13）： 45 to 90 minutes perday可知，12岁的学生只需要做45到90分钟。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据So schools are usually open before and after normal hours。 In this way， students without computers or the Internet at home can use the schools' facilities因此，

学校通常在正常时间前后开放，这样，没有电脑或家里的互联网的学生就可以使用学校的