这些英语词汇来自中国
1. Gung Ho 工合
The literal translation is,"work together." The English use was popularized by Marines fighting in the Pacific in World War II. The phrase came to mean: "whole heartedly enthusiastic, and loyal, eager, and zealous."
字面意思是“合作、同心协力”。在英语中广泛被使用是二战时期海军陆战队在太平洋作战时期。这个短语的意思是：“竭诚热情，忠诚、渴望、热心。”
2. Typhoon 台风
The literal translation is "strong wind." Experts say the term, typhon from the Greek and Arabic, was strengthened with the Chinese translation.
直译过来就是“强风”。有专家表示这个词汇源自于希腊语和阿拉伯语的typhon，中文翻译后意思加强了。
注：typhon是希腊神话中的百头巨怪，他有一百个喷火的龙头和由很多舌头发出的咆哮之声，他创造了旋风并和宙斯作战，后被宙斯抛到埃特纳火山下。
3. China 中国
In Chinese, the word literally means "the middle country." The name was first used by the Italian explorer, Marco Polo.
汉语字面意思是“中间的国家”。最初使用这个词汇的人是意大利探险家马可波罗。
4. Silk 丝绸
Pronounced si in Mandarin. The word was first introduced to Western culture by smugglers who took silk worms and mulberry leaves out of China in 552 Common Era (CE).
在中文里的读音为：si。这个词语第一次引入到西方是公元552年走私者将蚕、桑叶从中国带到西方的时候。
5. Kowtow 磕头
Literally means "knock head." In China the word is a way of bowing and touching the forehead to the ground to indicate respect. In English the word means to "be servile: to behave in an extremely submissive way in order to please somebody in a position of authority."
字面意思就是“扣头”。在中国，鞠躬的同时，前额触底，以示尊重。在英语中的意思是“奴化：为了取悦有权威的人，表现得非常顺从。”
6. Feng Shui 风水
Literally wind and water. It is the Chinese belief in creating a spiritual balance in one's home and workplace. The word was first introduced to Westerners in 1757.
字面意思是：风和水。风水是中国人在家和工作场所创造精神平衡的一种信仰。这个词最开始进入西方是1757年。
7. Shanghai 上海
Shanghai is a Chinese seaport. The word in English came to mean, "to drug a man unconscious and ship him as a sailor." This was the practice of 'recruiting' sailors to the seaport of Shanghai. 上海是中国的一个港口城市。英语中这个词演变成“给某人下毒使其失去意识，然后带他去做船员。”这就是上海港口“招募”船员的手段。
8. Lose Face 丢面子
The literal translation is "humiliation". The word is said to have been introduced to English speakers in 1876.
字面的意思是“丢脸、耻辱”。据说这个词汇是在1876年引进西方的。
9. Tai Chi 太极
In Chinese, the word is literally translated to the "supreme ultimate." Some emphasize the slow movements as a form of exercise, while others practice it as a martial art.
汉语直译过来就是“最高极限”。一些人将这种慢动作看成一种锻炼方式，但是另一些人将其当做武术来练。
10. Oolong 乌龙茶
Literally "black dragon." First introduced to the English language in 1852 as a dark, black tea.
字面意思是“黑龙”。1852年，作为红茶首次引入英语。
有关中国的特色的英语单词
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[比较记忆]l想成扁担，用扁担打谷子？（丽丽老师也不清楚，老俞说的）；花（r）都是脆弱的 sheer：完全的，纯粹的 shear：剪（羊毛） [比较记忆]在剪羊毛时耳朵不用剪，因为耳朵上没毛。 [扩展]shears：大剪刀 sprout：发芽 spout：喷发 [比较记忆]长花的发芽 fragrant：芬芳的 flagrant：臭烘烘的，臭名昭著的 [比较记忆]有“花r”才香 adept：有技巧的，娴熟的 adopt：采纳，收养 adapt：适合 [比较记忆]adept：e想成伏明霞在跳水，跳水需要技巧的。 adopt：o想成一个眼睛，即使是收养小孩也需要选择的，一个眼睛的你要吗 adapt：a：靠近a的就是a，近朱者赤，这就是对环境的适合性 observe：观察 reserve：储备 deserve：值得
conserve：保存 [比较记忆]观察储备，觉得是值得保存 conservation：n.保存 conservative：保守的 reservation：印第安人的保留地 complement：补偿，补充，补充 compliment：赞美，称赞 [比较记忆]“爱赞美，被补充” i-爱，e-像不像军被啊 poverty：贫穷 property：财产 [比较记忆] poverty：p-“趴在地上”，over-“一切都完了”property：proper-恰当的，“每人恰当一份” haven：避难所 heaven：天堂 [比较记忆] haven：n-门。“have一个门” heaven：e-上面。“门在上面”
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*4 1* 3 2* 13* 3 4* 1 51()1021()1021()1021()1021()102 x x x x x εεεεε-----=?=?=?=?=? *** 124***1244333 (1)()()()() 1111010102221.0510x x x x x x εεεε----++=++=?+?+?=? *** 123*********123231132143 (2)() ()()() 111 1.10210.031100.031385.610 1.1021385.610222 0.215 x x x x x x x x x x x x εεεε---=++=???+???+???≈ ** 24**** 24422 *4 33 5 (3)(/) ()() 11 0.0311056.430102256.43056.430 10x x x x x x x εεε---+≈ ??+??= ?= 5计算球体积要使相对误差限为1，问度量半径R 时允许的相对误差限是多少？ 解：球体体积为34 3 V R π= 则何种函数的条件数为 2 3'4343 p R V R R C V R ππ=== (*)(*)3(*)r p r r V C R R εεε∴≈= 又(*)1r V ε=
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2012词汇学复习资料 The development of the English Vocabulary 1.Indo-European Language Family The Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意大利语族, Hellenic希腊语族, Germanic日尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary. Prussian普鲁士语 Lithuanian立陶宛语 Polish波兰语 Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语 Bulgarian保加利亚语 Slovenian斯洛文尼亚语 Russian Albanian阿尔巴尼亚 Persian波斯语 Hindi北印度语 Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语 Romany，吉卜赛语 Armenian亚美尼亚语 Portuguese Spanish Italic意大利语族Italian Roumanian罗马尼亚语 French Indo-European Language Family Irish Celtic凯尔特语Breton Scottish Norwegian挪威语 Icelandic，冰岛语 Danish丹麦语 Germanic Swedish瑞典语 日尔曼语言English Dutch Flemish German Hellenic，古希腊语- Greek
英语单词最强记忆法(打印版)
在记单词时，对大脑皮层的刺激有助于使脑细胞的突触连结数目的增加，所以，我们的记忆力就是以大批脑细胞突触连结的产生而形成的。重要的是，保持我们的大脑处于受刺激兴奋状态。只要有可能，就应尽一切努力为单词的记忆保持和回忆创造必要的条件，从而提高单词的记忆效率。 为达此目的，可米取以下途径和方法： （1）制定一个记忆单词的学习计划，有计划有目的地增加大脑对外语信息的记忆容量； （2）尽一切可能参加能增强记忆力的各项活动，随时随地地说外语，用外语，利用一切机会人为地创造语言环境； （3）做到在单词的记忆保持效果趋于下降之前及时进行复习； （4）要更多地使用你的右脑，即通过实物、画图、模型和颜色充分发挥能增强你记忆的那个大脑半球的作用。 此外，值得注意的另一个问题是，单词记忆效率的提高不仅取决于科学而有效记忆单词的方法，还取决于一天中记忆单词的最佳时间。大量实验结果表明：上午8?10点钟和晚上8?10点钟是记忆单词的最佳时间，因为在这个时间里，大脑中担负记忆任务的脑细胞已基本上得到较好的休息，所以记忆效果最佳。
再者，人所处的环境因素也能对记忆单词的效果产生一定影响，如果在一个室内狭窄而又十分嘈杂的环境中记单词，那些来自外界的噪声干扰会给大脑的正常记忆活动造成紊乱，从而影响记忆单词的效果。相反，如果在景色宜人、空气清新的自然环境中记忆单词，人的大脑当然是处于一种清醒冷静的状态中，注意力比较集中，记忆单词的效果自然好于前一种情况。 在记单词时，首先必须掌握外语单词的构成规律、构词模式和大量的词素意义，再根据单词的不同类型适宜地选择科学而有效的方法来记忆单词，方能收到理想的学习效果。由于不同语种有其各自不同的构词规律和构词模式，学习者只能根据自己所学的语种来掌握其规律性，所以因受语种和篇幅所限，这里不能对所有语种一一介绍构词规律，只能以学习者居多的英语为例介绍记忆单词的妙法。 掌握正确的拼法与读音之间的关系，可以根据单词的读音，正确地拼写单词。例如，我们知道元音字母O在重读开 音节时读作［+(］根据这条规则，go，hope ，home ，note 等词，不用费什么劲就记住了。另外还有一条发音规则：在o之后，如果是m，n，V，th时，o可以读作［Λ。根据这条规贝V，我们不会把mother ，some ，come ，dove ，done等单词中的o写成u。再举一个元音字母组合的例子。 ay读［ei］。中学教材中所有带有ay字母组合的词，如Say , day , Way , Pay , ray , may , Iay , Play , SPray，不仅发音
最新英语词汇学期末复习资料资料
1、选择题（2 ×15=30） 2、填空题（2×5=10 ） 3、搭配题(1×10=10) 4、名词解释题(4×5=20) 5、问题回答(5×3=15) 6、论述题(第39题7分，第40题8分) 选择题： 1. Which of the following is an initialism ? D. UN 2. The following are all nominal suffixes EXCEPT A. –ful . 3．Both English and B. Danish belong to the Germantic branch of the Indo-European language family. 4.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatik relationships are known as C. inflectional morphemes. 5.Motiation accounts for the connection between word-form and C.its meaning. 6.Ambiguity often arises due to polysemy and C.homonymy. 7.Affixes attached to other morphemes to create new words are known as B .derivational affixes. 8.The semantic unity of idioms is reflected in the A.illogical relationship between the literal meaning of each word and the meaning of the idiom as in rain cats and dogs. https://www.360docs.net/doc/678896733.html,ually a small number of languages have been designated official languages for an organization’s activities ,for example, the UN was established with five official languages English, French, A.Spanish Russian, and Chinese.中英俄法西
英语词汇分类记忆-大全
一、学习用品(school[sku:l] things) Pen钢笔[pen] Pencil铅笔['pens?l] pencil-case铅笔盒['pens?l-keis] ruler尺子['ru:l?] book书[buk] bag包[b?ɡ] comic book漫画书['k?mik-buk] post card明信片[p?ust-kɑ:d] newspaper报纸['nju:s,peip?, 'nju:z-] schoolbag书包['sku:lb?ɡ］eraser橡皮[i'reiz?] crayon蜡笔['krei?n] sharpener卷笔刀 story-book故事书['st?:ri-buk] notebook笔记本['n?utbuk] Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book数学书[m?θ-buk] magazine杂志[,m?ɡ?'zi:n] dictionary词典['dik??n?ri] 二、人体（body）['b?di] foot脚[fut] head头[hed] face脸[feis] hair头发[hε？ ] nose鼻子[n?uz] mouth嘴[mauθ］eye眼睛[ai] ear耳朵[i?] arm手臂[ɑ:m] hand手[h?nd] finger手指['fi?ɡ?] leg腿[leɡ] tail尾巴[teil] 三、颜色（colours）red红[red] blue蓝[blu:] yellow黄['jel?u] green绿[ɡri:n] white白[hwait]black黑[bl?k] pink粉红[pi?k] purple紫['p?:pl] orange橙['?rind?, '?:-] brown棕[braun] 四、动物（animals）animal ['?nim?l] cat猫[k?t] dog狗[d?ɡ, d?:ɡ] pig猪[piɡ］ duck鸭[d?k] rabbit兔['r?bit] horse马[h?:s] elephant大象['elif?nt] ant蚂蚁[?nt]fish鱼[fi?] bird鸟[b?:d] eagle鹰['i:ɡl] beaver海狸['bi:v?] snake蛇[sneik] mouse老鼠[maus, mauz] squirrel松鼠['skw?:r?l, 'skwi-, 'skw?-] kangaroo袋鼠[,k?nɡ?'ru:] monkey猴['m??ki]
(完整版)英语词汇学试题
英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. A. content B. notional C. empty D. new