小学英语考点汇总

名词考点

1. 专有名词要大写：China(Chinese,复数不变), Germany(German,复数Germans), Japan（Japanese,复数不变）, America（American,复数Americans）, Xi'an（西安）, Shaanxi（陕西）, New York(纽约), the Great Wall(长城), the People's Republic of China(中华人民共和国）

2. 可数和不可数

可数：pens, books, an umbrella, two birds, many people(许多人)

不可数：a cup of water(一杯水), two glasses of milk(两杯奶); a piece of paper（一张纸）; two bowls of rice

注意：液体，粉末类、肉类都是不可数名词：water, juice, milk, flour(面粉)，chicken(鸡肉)，beef（牛肉）,fish（鱼肉），还有一些抽象名词：如money(钱)；还有容易弄错的面包(bread)也是不可数，一条面包是 a loaf of bread

特殊的集合名词：people（有复数概念，说一个人时用person），指民族时有单复数之分，如：a people（一个民族）;There are 56 peoples in China.

3.名词变复数

1.规则见口诀：易错单词有day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys(元音加y结尾的直接加s,辅音加y结尾的才将y变i加es，如city-cities, family-families)

2.f或fe结尾单词将f或fe变v加es口诀：妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去砍儿狼(wolf)，吓得小偷(thief)发了慌，急忙躲在架子(shelf)后，半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。

3.以O结尾的单词加es的口诀：黑人(negro)英雄(hero)爱吃土豆(potato)和西红柿(tomato)

名词变复数口诀：名词单数变复数，直接加s占多数。s,x,ch,sh来结尾，直接加上es。词尾是f或fe，加s之前先变ve。辅音字母加y在词尾，把y变i再加es。词尾若是o,常用三个已足够,要加es请记好：hero，tomato, potato。

男人女人a变e，鹅足牙oo变ee。老鼠虱婆也好记，ous变ic。孩子加上ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。特殊记：ox-oxen

a fish-a few fish; a deer-four deer; a sheep-some sheep; a Chinese-two Chinese

只有复数的单词：clothes(衣服)；trousers(裤子）；glasses(眼镜)

国人复数：中日人民一致的，英法联军a改e，其他国人加s，重点提防德国人。

4.复合名词变数

一般只变核心词：如boy student-boy students

含man或woman的复合词，前后两个词都要变复数：woman teacher-women teachers; man doctor-men doctors; women shoes(女鞋)

5.名词所有格

有生命的一般加's，无生命的一般用“名词+of+名词”形式：the teacher's book, a gate of school；a picture of my family; a map of China

名词复数以s结尾，所以只需加'，如the students' classroom

两个或两个以上的人共有一件东西，则在最后一个名词后加's，如果不是共有的，则需要在每一个名字后加's：Lisa and Susan's teacher; Tom's and Peter's fathers(特别注意：后面的名词要变复数，做题时可根据后面的名词是否复数来判断前面是否是两个人共有的东西)

表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，'s所有格后所修饰的名词常被省略。如：at the Green's(home)(可省略home表示在格林家)，at the doctor's（在医院）

常见节日：Women's Day; Mother's Day；Father's Day; Children's Day; Teachers' Day; National Day(国庆节)；Chirstmas(圣诞节)；Thanksgiving Day（感恩节）; April Fool's Day（愚人节）; the Spring Festival(春节)；New Year(新年，元旦); Mid-autumn Festival(中秋节)

注意：节日是专有名词，每个单词的首字母要大写；儿童节、妇女节、教师节是所有人的节日，所以用复数，父亲节和母亲节是每个人的父母（唯一）的节日，所以用单数。重要：有Day的节日名词前面要用介词on，如on Chirstmas Day, on New Year’s Day, on Children’s Day, 没有Day的节日名词前要用at，如at Christmas, at New Year, at the Spring Festival

冠词考点

1.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前，表示“一”的数量,如: a pencil , an orange a/an在单词前的使用区别：要看单词开头的发音是否为元音，注意是发音而不是字母。如：an egg；an honest boy; an hour; an apple; an old man; an engineer; an elephant; an interesting movie; an orange; an onion; an ugly frog; an umbrella; an island; a European country; a red apple; a university

2.如果是看单个字母前面是用a或an时，记住一个口诀：Mr. Li has one fox. 此

句中的任何字母的发音都是元音。（注意是单独的字母发音，不是单词中的字母发音），所以单独出现这些字母时前面用an

3.定冠词the的用法：独指方高乐序惯家形

独一无二：the sun; the earth; the moon; the world；the Yellow River

特指或第二次提到：What do you think of the teacher?

方位：the east; the west; the south; the north; on the left; one the right; at the back of 最高级：the best; the biggest; the most beautiful

西洋乐器：play the piano; play the guitar; play the violin

序数词：the first; the second; the third; the fourth; the best

用于姓氏复数前表示全家人：the Whites; the Blacks; the Jones

用于形容词前表示一类人(注意不加s)：the poor; the rich; the young; the sick

惯用语：in the morning; in the afternoon; in the evening; in the end; by the way; at the moment; go to the cinema; on the left; on the right; in the middle of; in the world; in the sun; on the way to (on the way home) ; the same as

4.零冠词：专有名词（人名、地名、星期、月份、季节、节日等）、三餐、球类、

棋类、游戏前不用冠词。如：Canada; China; October; Friday; Children’s Day; at home; at school; go to bed; on foot; all day and all night; face to face; by bus ; have lunch; play chess; on duty; at night; at noon;have a look；in autumn; on Monday; in 2017; in July

5.种类的三种表达：A dog is an honest animal.(单数名词前加不定冠词)；The dog

is an honest animal.(单数名词前加定冠词)；Dogs are an honest animal.(复数名词前加不加冠词)

6.用such, half修饰名词时, a/an放在这些词之后: half an hour(半小时)

7.有the没the意义不同: in hospital(住院), in the hospital(在医院); go to school(去

上学), go to the school(到学校去); at table(吃饭), at the table(在桌子旁边)，记住有the表示地点，没the表示功能。

8.用在形容词或副词的比较级前面，表示强调，意为“两者中较…的一个”，如：

He is the older of the two boys.

9.两个并列的形容词前者有冠词则表示不同的事物，如果后面一个形容词前没

有冠词，则指一个事物。如：He raises a black and a white cat.(他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。)；He raises a black and white cat.(他养了一只花猫。)

代词考点

1.人称代词易错词she的宾格是her, he宾格是him, we的宾格是us, they的宾格

是them.口诀：主格动词前，宾格动介后。例：I(主) like(动) him(宾). I care about(介) him(宾)。

2.人称代词排序：单数顺序是二三一，即you->he/she/it->I；复数是一二三，即

we->you->they

3.物主代词分两类:形容词性和名词性。易错的物主代词her的名词性物主代词

是hers, his的名词性物主代词还是his，its的名词性物主代词是its（注意与it’s的区别）, their的名词性物主代词是theirs。重点：形物代+名=名物代。

例：This book is my book.= This book is mine.(my book=mine)

4.用法重点：形容词物代不能单独使用，只能用来修饰后面的名词。名词性物

代要单独使用，后面不跟名词。口诀：有名则形，无名则名。

5.名词性物代常用于构成双重所有格，与of连用：a/an/this/that/some+名词+of+

名词性代物：a friend of ours(表示我们的其中一个朋友)。口诀：主名首，动介宾，形物代后名词跟，名物代后自己走。

6.反身代词表示“由自己”、“亲自”、“本人”：by oneself(独自，单独)；for oneself

（亲自，为自己）；enjoy oneself（玩得愉快）；help oneself（随便吃）;teach oneself （自学）；say/speak to oneself（自言自语）;make onself at home（请自便）

7.指示代词this/that近指用单词，these/those远指用复数（注意后跟单词用复数）

8.不定代词：1) some可修饰可数和不可数，常用于肯定名。但如果希望对方肯

定回答时也可用于疑问句。如Would you like some water? 2) any可修饰可数和不可数，常用于否定和疑问句。3) much（许多，大量）修饰不可数名词4) many（许多，大量）修饰可数名词5)a little和little（一点，少量）修饰不可数名词，带a表肯定，不带a表否定6). a few和few（一点，少量）修饰可数名词，带a表肯定，不带a表否定7) all（全部都）用于三者以上，both （两者都）用于二者8) neither（两者都不）表示否定，either(两者之一)，表示肯定，二个中的任何一个。

9.somebody, someone,something表示肯定，用于肯定句，anybody,

anyone,anything用于疑问和否定句。注意这些词做主语时，宾语动词要用单三：如There is somebody/someone at the door. Is there anyone/anybody here?

Everyone has come. Let's begin.

10.疑问代词：问人who(whom); 问地点where; 问时间when/what time; 问谁的

whose; 问哪个哪些which; 问方式方法程度how; 问什么问物问职业what;

问年龄how old；问多少（可数）how many; 问多少（不可数），多少钱how much;

问频率how often; 问（物理或时间）长度how long; 问距离how far; 问颜色what color; 问班级what class; 问年级what grade；问号码what number; 问星期几what day; 问为什么why

11.对职业提问的两种句型：1) what + do/does + 主语+ do？如What does your

father do? 2) what + be动词+ 主语？如What’s your brother?

12.询问具体的时间（几点几分）句型：What time is it?(= What’s the time?)

13.询问星期几的句型：What day is today? 或What day is it today?

14.询问今天天气情况的句型：What’s the weather like today?或How’s the weather

today？回答是It’s sunny/fine(晴天)/rainy（雨天）/windy（有风）/cloudy(多云，阴天)/snowy(下雪)

15.形容词修饰不定代词时放在代词后：There is nothing wrong with the machine.

16.注意no, no one, nobody, nothing在句中表示否定意义：I have no watch.

形容词考点

1.名词变形容词五个规则1) 名词+y：rain->rainy; wind->windy; cloud->cloudy;

luck->lucky; health->healthy 2) 重读闭音节且词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写词尾字母再加y：sun->sunny; fun->funny 3) 以不发音的e结尾，去e再加y：noise->noisy; ice->icy 4) 名词加ly构成形容词：friend->friendly; love->lovely;

特殊记day->daily 5) 名词在词尾加ful变形容词：use->useful; help->helpful。

口诀：名词变成形容词，一般词尾y跟随。元辅结尾且重读，双写词尾再加y。e字母，不发音，去掉它，再加y。ly、ful特殊用，加在词尾名变形。2.形容词修饰以下复合不定代词时放在其后：someone, somebody, something,

anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing, everything。如Would you like something hot to eat? I have got something important to tell you all.

3.away, long, wide, high, deep, old等词附带有数词短语说明时，要把形容词放在

后面。如The street is 50 meters wide. He is 2 years older than me.

4.形容词比较级和最高级变化规则：1) 一般在词尾加er/est构成比较级和最高

级：short-shorter-shortest; tall-taller-tallest; 2) 以不发音的e结尾的词，直接在词尾加r/st：nice-nicer-nicest; close-closer-closest 3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先将y变成i再加er/est：easy-easier-easiest; lucky-luckier-luckiest;

happy-happier-happiest 4) 以重读闭音节结尾且词末只有一个辅音字母（简记为辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节），双写词尾字母再加er/est：hot-hotter-hottest;

big-bigger-biggest; thin-thinner-thinnest; 5) 以ed或ing结尾的分词形容词，一般在词前加more和most：tired-more tired-most tired; interesting-more interesting-most interesting; 6) 部分双音词和多音词，在词前加more和most：beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful; careful-more careful- most careful(还有important, difficult, famous, delicious等词)

5.特殊变化：good/well-better-best; bad-worse-worst; many/much-more-most;

little-less-least; far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

6.必会句型：1) A+be+as+形原+as+B（表示A与B在某方面程度一样）2) A+be+

比较级+than+B（表示A比B更…）3) 比较级+and+比较级（表示越来越…）

4) A+be+the+最高级+in/of/among（表示在一个范围内最…）5). One of the + 最

高级（表示最…的之一）,切记，比较级用在二者之间，最高级是三者之上7.固定搭配：be careful about(对….小心); be sorry about(对…感到遗憾)；be sure

about(对…有把握); be worried about(对…担忧)；be angry at(对…生气)；be good at(擅长…)；be famous for（由于…而著名）; be well-known for（由于…

而著名）; be ready for（准备好做…）；be good for（对…有好处）；be bad for （对…有坏处）；be harmful for（对…有坏处）；get ready for（准备做…）；be

interested in(对…感兴趣); be afraid of(害怕)；be careful of（对…小心）

8.一个常考句型：A+much+比较级+than+B(表示A比B….的多); 如：Yao Ming

is much taller than I.

副词考点

1.切记：形容词修饰名词和代词，副词修饰动词和形容词。

2.形容词变副词规则：1) 一般直接加ly，如slow-slowly; 2) 辅音加y结尾的单

词变y为i，再加ly；如lucky-luckily; 3)元音字母+e结尾的单词，去e加ly，如true-truly; 4) 以le结尾的单词去e加y，如possible-possibly。口诀：一般直接加，元e去e加，辅y改i加，le结尾e改y.

3.副词enough要放在所修饰的形容词或副词之后，如The boy is old enough to go

to school.

4.三类副词：时间副词，如now, yesterday, today等；频度副词，如often, usually,

never, sometimes, always等；程度副词，如very, too, much, so等。还有必会的一些副词：the day before yesterday, 3 days ago, last Monday, last weekend, last night, last month, last year, just now, on my holiday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening

5.常见的几个特殊副词：well(形容词是good)；fast（形容词还是fast）；slowly(副

词词是slow)；late（形容词还是late）；early（形容词还是early）

6.副词修饰动词，所以在做题时要求写出一个形容词的适当形式，当前面是动

词时，要联想到副词形式。如He sings as _____(good) as his father.

7.形容词变副词最常考的变化是加ly；如careful - carefully

数词考点

1.基数词易错数字：eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen, nineteen(nine只有

在变序数词第九时去e)；twenty; thirty; forty（易错）; fifty; ninety

2.序数词易错数字：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth(易错)；twelfth（易错）；

fourteenth; fifteenth; nineteenth; twentieth; fortieth(易错); ninetieth；口诀：基变序，有规律，一二三，特殊记，词尾字母tdd。八减t来九去e，f来把ve替，单词ty作结尾，ty变成tie。若是碰到几十几，只变个位就可以。

3.具体数字两无（无s无of），模糊数字两有（有s有of）：two hundred指两百;

thousands of指成千上万

4.序数词的缩写：数字加后两位：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th

5.基数词用法：1)表示确切年龄：He is twelve years old.(注意这里用year要用复

数，但若有连字符则不用，twelve-year-old); 2) 表示年代或人的不确切年龄，用带十的复数形式：in the forties（在四十年代）3)表示时间：记住分钟在前，时钟在后，小于或等于30分钟用past，大于30分钟用to：ten past nine(9:10),

a quarter past eight(8:15); half past nine(9:30); ten to nine(8:50); a quarter to

nine(8:45), 还可以直接按照时刻表读时间：九点四十（9:40）读作nine forty 6.编号的两种表示方法：序在前或基在后，如the twelfth lesson=Lesson 12; the

fifth room=Room 5; the tenth page=Page 10

7.日期的两种表示方法：5th July, 2011(英国表示法)；July 5th, 2011(th可加可不

加，这是美国表示方法，更为常用)

8.数字编号必会：名词在前，数字在后，均要大写，如Class One, Grade Two.

介词考点

1.表示时间：at(点)，on(日)，in(其他)；1) at表示具体时刻:at 5 o’clock, at 7:00; 固

定搭配：at night; at noon 2) on表示具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上；on Monday, on Monday morning, on July 5th; on还可用于带有Day的节日前：on Children’s Day 3) in表示月份、季节、年和泛指的上午、下午和晚上；in the morning, in May, in Spring, in 2017

2.表示地点：in表示包含，on表示相邻，to表示不相邻：1)Japan is to the east of

China. 2) Guangzhou is in the south of Guangdong. 3) Sichuan is on the east of Tibet.

3.at表示在较小的地点：at home, at school, at bus stop

4.in表示在较大的地方：in China, in Beijing(注意区分：in还表示在一个范围内，

如in my room, in my family, in your classroom)

5.in表示穿戴着什么…（衣服）。如：Do you know the girl in a red?

6.in表示用某种语言。如：Can you speak it in English? What’s this in Chinese?

7.on表示在某一物体的上方，两物体有接触。如: on the wall, on the desk, on the

floor。There is a book on the desk.

8.under表示在某一物体的正下方，与over相对。如:There is a cat under the table.

9.over表示在某一物体的垂直上方，与under相对。如：A lamp was hanging over

the table.

10.above表示在某一物体的上方，不一定在正上方。如：There is a picture above

the bed.

11.in front of表示在….之前，在范围之外。如：There is a tree in front of my house.

12.in the front of表示在….的前部，在范围之内。如：There is a blackboard in the

front of our classroom.

13.behind表示在…的后面。如：There is an umbrella behind the door.

14.beside表示在…的旁边。如：Please sit down beside me.

15.between表示在两者之间。如：Danny is between Li Ming and Jenny.

16.along表示沿着…移动。如：They are walking along the street.

17.across表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行，意为横过，穿过，指从一边到另

一边。如：She swam across the river.

18.look like表示看起像…。如: He looks like his father.

19.of表示所属关系，指谁的。如：a map of China, This is a picture of Danny.

20.by表示乘某种交通工具。如by bus, by bike, by train, by plane

21.with有四个常用意思：1) 和谁在一起：Would you like to go shopping with me

this afternoon? 2)表示用某种工具，用身体的某个部位或器官。如：Please write with your pen. You can see it with your eyes. 3) 表示带着或拿什么，如：Danny ran fast with his kite. - the boy with a book in his hand 4) 指人长着什么：the girl with big eyes

22.for用法易错，非常重要1) 表示给….，如Please buy a new pen for me. This gift

is for you. 2)表示作为或当作，如：I would like to eat some fish and rice for lunch.

3)表示因为或原因。如：Xi’an is famous for its long history.Thank you for your

help. 4)表示到…的时间。如：It’s time for school. It’s time for bed.

23.before表示在….之前。如：I often brush my teeth before bereakfast.

24.after表示在….之后。如：Do you often watch TV after supper?

25.考点：on指树上长出来的东西，in表示在树里头。如：There are many apples

on the tree. There is a boy in the tree.

口诀：上下午晚要用in，年月季前也用in，日期节日需用on，某日早晚还是on。正午夜里用at，时分用法也一样。

连词考点

1.and表示“和”的意思，表示并列和对称。如：I can speak English and Chinese.

注意考点是前后时态一致，如You and I are enemies. He went to school and never came back.

2.but表示“但是”的意思，表示转折。如：I have a cold, but I don’t take medicine.

3.or表示“或者”，“还是”，“否则”的意思，表示选择或转折。如：Is your friend

is a boy or a girl? We must run fast, or we will be late. 注意：并列句中的列举常用or而不用and, 如：I don't like singing or dancing. I don’t like coffee or tea.

4.so表示“因此”，“所以”。如：It’s dark, so I must go now. You got up too late, so

you missed the bus.

5.because表示“因为”，表示原因。如：She is unhappy, because she lost the game.

注意，在英语里,because和so不能同时在一句子中出现。如Because Mom bought me a new book, so I was very happy.是错误的表达，正确是：Mom bought me a new book, so I was very happy.或者I was very happy because Mom bought me a new book.

6.though/although表示“虽然”，如：Although you are cook, I hate you. 注意，

though/although与but不可以一起使用。

情态动词考点

1.can表示“能力”、“请求”、“推测”，过去式为could。Could用在疑问句中表

示更委婉、客气，是一种礼貌说法，并不表示过去式，回答要用can而不用could。如：Could I use your pen? – Yes, of course you can.

2.may和might表示请求和允许。Might比may的语气更委婉，而不是过去式，

否定回答可以用can’t或musn’t，表示不可以，禁止。如：Might/May I smoke in this room? – No, you mustn’t.(或，No, you can’t)

3.May放在句首表示祝愿。如：May you succeed!

4.must和have to表示必须，必要。Must强调主观上认为“必须”要做某事，

而have to强调客观上“不得不”做某事。如：I must do you homework first. It is raining hard outside, I have to stay at home.

5.must疑问句的肯定回答用must, 否定回答用don’t have to或needn’t,不能用

mustn’t（表示一定不，必须不，不允许），如：Must I clean the room at once? 肯定回答是Yes, you must. 否定回答是No, you don’t have to.(或No, you needn’t)

6.注意can not的缩写形式是can’t

7.基本句型：主语+can+动词原型+其他，如I can play the piano.否定句：I can’t

play the piano. 一般疑问句：Can you play the piano? 回答：Yes, I can./No, I can’t.

8.情态表推测：肯定：must(一定)>can>could>may>might; 否定：can’t(一定

不)>couldn’t>may not>might not。如: You can’t be serious.(你一定不是认真的)，注意，mustn’t表示禁止。

9.问答重要考点：can/could问句用can回答，may/might问句用may/can回答（否

定can’t）,must问句肯定回答用must, 否定用needn’t或don’t have to

动词变化考点

1.第三人称单数变化规则：一般情况直接加s，如play-plays, sing-sings; 以

ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的加es, 如teach-teaches, wash-washes, miss-misses, fix-fixes，go-goes; 以辅音字母加y结尾的先把y变i再加es，如fly-flies；study-studies;

carry-carries; 注意一个特殊的不规则变化：have-has

2.现在分词变化规则：一般情况直接加ing，如go-going, jump-jumping；

study-studying; 以不发音的e结尾去e加ing，如have-having, live-living;

come-coming; write-writing; 以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母（简称辅元辅），双写末尾辅音字母再加ing，如run-running, stop-stopping, swim-swimming。注意易错单词，直接加ing的易错词有play, study, draw, buy, listen, ski; sing; 去e加ing的易错词有：make, like, rise, dance, see, come, become, live; give; write, take, ride; close; 双写末尾字母加ing易错词有begin, swim, get, put, shop, sit, stop, begin, win, run, let, cut, forget, shut

3.过去式变化规则：一般直接在词尾加ed, 如play-played，clean-cleaned; 以不

发音的e结尾的直接加d，如live-lived, dance-danced; 以辅音字母加y结尾的先把y变i再加ed，如study-studied, cry-cried; worry-worried;以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母（简称辅元辅），双写末尾辅音字母再加ed; 如stop-stopped; shop-shopped, plan-planned, drop-dropped；不规则单独记：do-did, go-went, read-read, sing-sang, eat-ate, take-took, have-had, buy-bought, see-saw, get-got, is-was, are-were, leave-left, swim-swam, fly-flew, come-came, say-said, come-came, win-won, make-made, draw-drew, put-put, write-wrote, tell-told, find-found, hurt-hurt, lose-lost, drink-drank; feel-felt, give-gave, know-knew

There be句型考点

1.There be句型表示某地有某物（某人）,be动词的单复数根据主语变化，主语

是单数用is，复数用are。如：There is a ruler on the desk. There are four apples on the tree.

2.如果主语有几件物品，则be动词根据最接近be的那个名词决定，这简称为

“就近原则”。如：There is a pencil-case and three books in my schoolbag.

There are three books and a pencil-case in my schoolbag.

3.There be句型变否定句直接在be动词后加not，一般疑问句把be动词放句首。

4.易错点：主语是不可数名词时要用is，如：There is some water in the bottle.

5.与have/has的区别：there be表示某地有某物（某人），而have/has表示某人

拥有某物，二者不能同时出现在句子中。

6.some和any在there be句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定和疑

问句。注意，变否定和疑问句时要把some变成any。如：There is some milk in the cup. –Is there any milk in the cup?肯定回答Yes, there is/are. 否定问题No, there isn’t/aren’t.

7.and和or在there be句型中的运用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定和疑问句。

四大时态考点

1.一般现在时：1)表示事物或人的特征或状态。2)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

3)表示客观事实。时间状语有：often, always, usually, sometimes, today, every

day/week/month/year, on Mondays/Sundays, this week/month/year, once a wee。

两种句子结构：主语+be动词(am, is, are)+其他（否定句在be动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词提到句首）；主语+行为动词+其他（注意，主语是单三时，行为动词要做相应的变化。否定句要在行为动词前加don’t/doesn’t，一般疑问句在句首加Do/Does。切记，does一出现，动词变原形）。主语单三判断方法：非你非我并且只有一个。如my pen, your mother, this girl, uncle Li, the dog. 另外，不可数名词做主语也是单三，如：Some water is in the glass.

2.现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。时间标志词：now, at this

time, at the moment, 句前有look, listen等词, 以when, while引导的从句以及where问句。句子结构：主语+be动词+动词-ing+其它（否定句在be动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词提到句首）。易错点：现在进行时必须有be动词，不能只用动词ing。例句：We are singing at the moment. Look, He is running after a pig. My mother is cooking when I get home. Where is Tom?

–He is reading a book.

3.一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，以及计划或打算要做某事。

时间标志词有：tomorrow, soon, next week/month/year, this morning/afternoon/evening, in an hour(一小时后)，in 1997；两种句子结构：主语+be going to +动词原形+其他（否定句在be动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词提到句首）；主语+will+动词原形+其他（否定句在will后加not, 注意缩写为won’t, 一般疑问句将will提到句首）。两个句式略有区别：be going to do表示计划、准备、打算做某事，或可能要发生的事; 而will do表示将要发生的动作或情况，没有太多的计划性，还用来表示意愿。关键点：be going to do中的be动词必不可少，两种句式中都要用动词原形。

4.一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。时间标志词：

yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening, last night/week/month/year, a moment ago, two years ago, just now。两种句子结构：主语+be动词过去式(was, were)+其他（否定句在be动词过去式后加not，一般疑问句将be动词过去式提到句首）；主语+行为动词过去式+其他（否定句在行为动词前加didn’t并把动词变原形，一般疑问句在句首加Did并把句中的动词变原形。关键点：did 一出现，动词变原形。）

常用问句

1.What time is it (now)? 现在几点？答：It’s nine o’clock.

2.What day is it today? 今天星期几？答：It’s Monday.

3.What’s the date today? 今天几号？答：It’s the third of March.

4.What’s your father? 你爸爸是什么职业？答：He is a doctor.

5.What does your mather do? 你妈妈是做什么的？答：She is a TV reporter.

6.Who’s your art teacher? What’s she like?(长什么样？) 答：She’s young and

thin.

7.What’s your favourite season? 或Which season do you like best? 你最喜

欢….？

8.What’s your hobby? (问兴趣爱好)–I like collecting stamps. He likes riding a

bike.

9.What’s the weather like in Beijing?（问天气）It’s sunny and hot.

10.What would you like for breakfast? （问吃饭）I’d like some bread and milk.

11.What colour is it? （问颜色）- It’s yellow and white. (黄白相间)

12.How many people are there in your family?（问人数）-Three.

13.How much are these apples? (问价钱) -They are thirty-five yuan.

14.Can you wash your clothes? -Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.

15.How do you go to school? – Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by

bike.

16.How can I get there?(How can I get to Xingqing park?) - You can go by the No.

5 bus. (You can take the No. 5 bus.)

17.How do you feel? （感觉如何？）- I feel sick. (感觉不舒服); How does Jack

feel? – He’s tired.

18.What about you?/How about you? （你呢？）

19.What’s the matter?/What’s wrong with you? (怎么了？)

20.Where are you from?/Where does he come from?(问从哪里来)

常用动词不动定式短语

1.It’s time to do sth. It’s time for sth 该做某事的时候了,如It’s time to go to school.

It’s time for school.

2.ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事，如My father asked me to study hard.

He asked me not to swim alone.

3.Would like/want to do sth. 想做某事Would you like to do something?

4.It’s best to do sth. 最好做某事

5.It’s time (for sb.) to do sth. 到时间做某事

6.It takes sb some time/money to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）

7.spend some time (in)doing sth /on sth. 花费时间做某事（注意动词要用ing形

式）（常考）

8.spend some money on sth/doing sth买……花了多少钱

9.stop to do sth停下来去某事（两件事）（常考）

10.stop doing sth停止做某事（一件事）（常考）

11.stop sb (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事（常考）

12.too…(for sb) to…太…以致不能…The boy is too young to go to school.

13.not…enough to do太…而不能… They boy is not old enough to go to shcool.

14.try/do one's best to do sth尽力去做某事

15.try to do sth试着（图）做某事

16.remember/forget to do sth 记得/忘记做某事（常考）

17.something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西

18.be afraid of sth 害怕某物，He is afraid of snakes.

常考动名词短语

1.like/enjoy/love doing sth. 喜欢做某事，I like/enjoy/love swimming.

2.feel like doing sth. 想要做某事，I just don’t feel like doing it.(只是不想做)

3.be good at/do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事

4.practice doing sth. 练习做某事

5.keep/keep on/carry on/go on doing sth. 继续做某事

6.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

7.what about/how about doing sth. 怎么样（好吗）？What about/How about having

something to eat? (吃点儿东西怎么样？)

8.Thank you for doing sht. 为…感谢某人，Thank you for inviting us to your party.

9.finish doing sth. 做完某事

10.be busy doing/with sth. 忙于做某事

11.look forward to doing sth. 期望做某事

12.prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…胜过…，I prefer staying at home to going

on a travel on National Day.相对于国庆出去旅行，我比较喜欢待在家里。

13.be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事

14.keep/stop/prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

15.be interested in sth/doing sth. 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣

16.be worth doing sth. 值得做某事

17.begin/start to do/doing sth. 开始做某事

常考词组

according to(根据，按照); ask for(请求)；belong to(属于)；call on(拜访); come from(出生于，来自)；depend on(依靠，依赖)；each other（互相）; enjoy oneself(过得愉快)；far away (from) （离得远）；fill in(填写，填充)；find out(找出，了解)；get off(下车)；get on(上车); get up(起床)；give up(放弃)；go on(继续)；go on with doing(继续做某事)；grow up(长大)；hand in (上交)；hand out(分发)；hear from(收到来信)；hold on(等一等)；hurry up(快点)；in a minute(一会儿)；in fact(事实上)；in hospital(住院); in the future(在将来)；in time(及时); on time(按时)；look after(照料，照顾)；look for(寻找)；look at(看，观看)；join in(参加，加入)；next to(紧挨着)；neither…nor…(既不…也不…)；not only…but also…(不但…而且…)；on holiday(在休假)；on show(在展出)；pay for(付…钱)；prepare for(准备)；put on(穿，上演)；put up(举起)，right now(立刻，马上)；run out of(用完)；sell out(卖完)；such as(例如)；take off(脱下)；take place(发生)；talk about(谈论)；try on(试穿)；turn on(打开，水，电视，灯等)；put off(关掉，水，电视，灯等)；turn up(开大声音等)；turn down(关小，调低)；wait for(等待)；wake up(醒来)；worry about(担心，烦恼)；write down(记下)；No parking(禁止停车)；No somking(禁止吸烟)；Be

quiet(保持安静)；at once(立刻，马上)；go shopping(购物); take photos(拍照)；the following week(下周)；be late for school(上学迟到)；ten times(十次)；listen carefully(仔细听)；go for a walk(去散步)；be good at singing(擅长唱歌)；ten years older than(比…大十岁)；how to get there(怎样到达那儿)；all of us(我们所有人)；on your right(在你右边)；fly a kite(放风筝)；do homework(做家庭作业)；do housework(做家务)；go there(去哪儿)；have a picnic(野餐)；a lot of/a lot(许多，大量)；shoe store(鞋店)；take a trip(去旅行)；have a look(看一看); have a cold(伤风，感冒)；have a fever(发烧)；ride a bike(骑自行车)；go swimming(去游泳); go fishing(去钓鱼)；go hiking(去郊游)；pen pal(笔友)；over there(在那边)；a pair of(一双)；have a try(试一试); play chess(下棋)；have English class(上英语课)；see you later(再见)；write an email(写电子邮件)；be angry with sb.(生某人的气)；a piece of(一块，一片，一张)；at first(起先)；at last(最后，终于)；be able to(能够)；by the way(顺便说，顺便问一下)；be different from(与….不同，不同于)；call back(回电话)