《小学国学经典教材解读》第一册9《凡出言》
1
1【教材解读】《育灵童国学》第一册（9）
《凡出言》
课文：
凡出言信为先诈与妄奚可焉
话说多不如少惟其是勿佞巧
刻薄语秽污词市井气切戒之
见未真勿轻言知未的勿轻传
事非宜勿轻诺苟轻诺进退错
凡道字重且舒勿急疾勿模糊
彼说长此说短不关己莫闲管
大意：
凡是说出的话，都要诚实不虚、讲求信用，说谎骗人、胡言乱语，这
怎么可以呢？多说不如少说，说的话要符合实际，千万不要花言巧语。说话不要刻薄、肮脏，也一定要不要沾染市井粗鄙的习气。看到的事情没有弄清楚，不要随便乱说；听说的事情没有根据，不要随便传话。对于自己认为不妥当的事情，不要轻易答应别人，一旦轻易许诺，就会进退两难。说话的时候，吐字要清楚、缓慢，不能讲得太快，也不能含糊不清。东家说长，西家说短，别人的是非很难弄清楚，所以和自己没关系的事，不要多问多管。
解读：
这一课属于“次谨信”的内容，特别强调的是言语方面的谨慎与诚信。我们在生活中大概都遇见过“出口伤人”的人，也常常会感到“言多必失”的沮丧，这都说明了说话得当的重要。这一课主要就是把“应该如何说话”的要点教给孩子。
言语和行动一样，需要抓住两个核心原则——谨、信。课文也根据不
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strenuous stressful; requiring effort and energy master overall recreation way of spending free time estimate calculate roughly routine regular; usual priority first concern relaxation rest 1. flexible 2. established 3. panic 4. strenuous 5. priority 6. routine 7. Rationally 8. recreations Suffix 1. familiarize 2. visualize 3. merely 4. idealize 5. finalize 6. necessarily 7. physically 8. highly Cloze favorable their respected professors authority role expect need several changes Sec tion B
凡出言
凡出言，信为先 ——《弟子规》 弟子规，圣人训。首孝弟，次谨信，泛爱众，而亲仁，有余力，则学文。——《弟子规》 《弟子规》是古人教育学生孝道、感恩、勤学、做人等基本道理的一本书。读了《弟子规》，我懂得了许多道理，特别是“凡出言，信为先”这句话给我留下了深刻的印象。人们常说：“一言既出，驷马难追。”这充分说明了诚实守信对一个人的重要性。记得在小学时读过一篇小短文《曾子杀猪》，印象颇为深刻。 话说曾子的妻子要去赶集，孩子哭闹也要跟着去，曾子的妻子就哄孩子说：“你在家等着，我回来杀猪给你吃”，孩子一听有猪肉吃就不哭了。然后等妻子从集市回来发现曾子正磨刀准备杀猪，忙说：“我只不过是哄哄小孩子罢了，何必当真呢？”曾子说：“孩子的言行都是从父母那里学来的，父母如果说而不做，又怎么能教育好孩子呢？”于是妻子帮助曾子杀猪烹肉，来实现自己的诺言！ 联想到现如今，承诺几乎是现代人的一句口头禅，顺便说说而已！有几个人把自己说的话当真？有几人能真正实现自己的承诺？ 也曾看过这样一个故事：古时候，有个叫赵柔的人到集市上去卖梨。一个人和他谈好价钱后就回去取钱去了，这
时又来了一个商人想出高价买下这些梨。赵柔说：“说话要算数，怎么能不讲信用呢？”他还是按照谈好的价格把梨卖给了第一个商人。从此，赵柔信守诺言的美德，一直被后人所传诵。 从这个故事中，我们可以看出：只有做一个守信用的人，才能赢得别人的信任和尊重。与赵柔相比，我常常对说到的事情无法做到，多惭愧啊！有时，妈妈叫我画画，我说：“我先休息一下，等会儿会好好画两个小时的。”可是，我一休息就是半个多小时，最后，连一个小时也没有做到。 中华民族的文化已有五千多年的历史，可谓博大精深。诚信，自古以来被人们公认为传统美德。《狼来了》的故事让每个人都记忆犹新。某某公司的经营理念就是以“诚信”为本，但社会的日新月异，五光十色渐渐磨去了它的光彩，其产品也产生了严重的质量问题。 华人首富李嘉诚先生，很讲求生意上的诚信。他母亲教诲他说：“经商如同做人，诚信当头，则无危而不克了。”所以他的生意一帆风顺，最后成为华人首富。 书中有曰：“人生如舟，不堪重负，有弃有取，有得有失。失去了美貌，有健康陪伴；失去了健康，有才学追随；失去了才学，有机敏相跟。但失去了诚信呢？失去了诚信，你所拥有的一切：金钱、荣誉、才学、机敏……就不过是水中月，镜中花，如过眼云烟，终会随风而逝。”
大学英语综合教程第二版第一册unit1-综英练习答案.
Vocabulary Ⅰ 1.suddenly found myself faced with 2.share the same characteristic 3.summer is an everlasting season 4.let yourself be overcome by 5.keep it in your mind and don’t ever forget it Ⅱ 1 instead 2 confronted with 3 lock away 4 welled up 5 summon 6 brief 7 stared 8 whispering 9 evil 10 give in Ⅲ 1 D 2 B 3 B 4 B 5 A 6 D 7 B 8 C Ⅳ 1. a. shaking b shuddered c shaking d shuddered 2. a answer b reply c reply d answer 3. a general b general c general common d common 4. a small b tiny c tiny d small Ⅴ 1 synonym: pain (grief, sorrow, agony) 2 antonym: loudly (harshly, roughly) 3 synonym: sorrow (grief, dismay) 4 antonym: inconspicuously (unnoticeably) 5 synonym: small (little) 6 antonym: meet (gather) 7 synonym: seriously (severely, hopelessly) 8 antonym: lengthy (long) Ⅵ 1.industrial 2.description 3.suspicion 4.assistant 5.unemployed 6.proof 7.examination 8.further Grammar Ⅰ 1 were bathing were looking were playing 2 was sitting 3 was leaving was arrived learned had left found
对外汉语教程一上第9课
第9课 语法部分 动作趋向的表达：复合趋向补语 趋向动词“上、下、进、出、过、起”加上“来”或“去”，放在另一动词 后面做补语，叫复合趋向补语，表示动作的趋向。 1．“来／去”所表示的动作的方向与说话人或所指事物之间的关系和简单趋向补语相同。例如：（1）她走出学校去了。 （2）他跑回家来了。 （3）我买回来一本书。 （4）我们买的书和光盘正好都能放进去。 2．动词后面有处所词语（Place 例如：（1）我看见他走进图书馆去了。 不能说：我看见他走进去图书馆了。 （2）她们一起走出教室去了。 不能说：她们一起走出去教室了。 （3）汽车开上山去了。 不能说：汽车开上去山了。 3．如果宾语是事物的，可以放在“来／去”的后面，也可以放在“来／去”的前面。 例如：（1）他从国外给我带回来一件礼物。 也可以说：他从国外给我带回一件礼物来。 （2）姐姐从中国寄回来很多照片。 也可以说：姐姐从中国寄回很多照片来。 4．如果动词后面没有宾语，“了”可以放在动词后面，补语前面，也可以放在句子的后面。例如：（1）刚一下课，同学们就都跑了出去。 也可以说：刚一下课，同学们就都跑出去了。
（2）看见老师走进教室，大家都站了起来。 也可以说：看见老师走进教室，大家都站起来了。 5 例如：（1）她们都爬上山去了。 （2）他们走下楼去了。 6．如果动词后面有表示事物的宾语，“了”要放在复合趋向补语后面，宾语的前面。例如：（1）我给你买回来了一件羽绒服。 （2）我给朋友寄回去了一本介绍中国的书。 练习部分 一、选词填空。 除了于是只好各兴奋哭笑不得回根据学期（1）收到他给我发来的伊妹儿，我非常。 （2）我想买一些书带国去。 （3）买书，我还想买一些电影和电视剧的DVD。 （4）他想让我跟他一起去书店，我跟他去了。 （5）这个电影是鲁讯的小说拍成的。 （6）在中国一年有两个。 （7）因为没得到奖学金，我回国。 （8）语言大学的学生主要是从世界国来的留学生。 （9）这种事真让人。 二、选择下列词组填空。 A．从楼下从书架上从书包里从中国从图书馆从国外从书店从朋友那儿从外边从香港 （1）买一本词典来。 （2）借回一些中文小说来。 （3）拿出来一本鲁讯的小说。 （4）拿下来一本杂志。 （5）拿过来张影碟来。 （6）给你带回一点儿礼物去 （7）寄回一本画报来。