面向再制造的工程机械关键零部件等寿命设计

Abstract

Engineering machinery, as the basic industry of national economic construction and development, has made great achievements after years of development. However, many engineering machinery equipment in the initial structure design stage have not considered the factors of remanufacturing, which will lead to cumbersome manufacturing process., larger cost, and even failure to remanufactured after the product reaches the end of life, As a result, these construction machinery can only be scrapped with undoubtedly leading to waste of resources. Based on this, this paper takes the loader equipment widely used in engineering machinery as the research object and introduces the active remanufacturing design idea based on the original structural design of the key components of the loader work device, and adopts the method of equal lifetime design to optimize the design of the original structure .

For the pin shaft of the same type of key parts in the loader working device, the formula of the wear volume of the pin shaft is derived by the formula of the wear volume of the shaft parts. The main structural parameters that affect the wear of the pin shaft are determined. The kinematic and dynamic simulation analysis of the working process of the working device is carried out, and the average load of each pin and the rotation of the pin shaft are obtained. The simulation results are used to deduce the formula of the wear of pin shaft and calculate the wear value of each pin shaft. By comparing and analyzing the wear values of each pin shaft and combining the active remanufacturing design and gradient life design method to optimize the main influence parameters, the life of each pin shaft is distributed in the form of high, medium and low gradient, and the gradient life design of the pin shaft group is completed.

For connecting rod, rocker arms and movable arm of different types of key parts in the loader work equipment, combining the finite element stress analysis results of the three parts and the dynamics analysis of the resulting load spectrum information, calculate the fatigue life of the connecting rod, rocker arm and movable arm . The mathematical relationship between the fatigue life and the independent variable of the connecting rod, rocker arm and arm is established by using the response surface method.The equal life design optimization model of the three parts is established by taking the consistent fatigue lifeof the three parts as the

objective function, the range of the main structural parameters of each component as the constraint condition, and introducing the active remanufacturing life design idea. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the model and optimize the structure of each part based on the optimal solution.To calculate the fatigue life of the optimized three parts again, it is concluded that the fatigue life values of the three parts are basically the same, and the equal life design for the three parts is realized.

After the optimization design of the loader working device was completed, the number of remanufacturing and the total number of remanufacturing before and after the optimization of each component before the remanufacturing of the complete machine were calculated, and the results showed that the number of remanufacturing before optimization was significantly greater after optimization，and using this optimized design method can provide theoretical data reference for predicting the best remanufacturing timing of parts.

Key words: remanufacturing, equal life design, loader working device, optimization design.

第一章绪论 (1)

1.1研究背景及意义 (1)

1.2 研究课题的提出 (2)

1.3 面向再制造的等寿命设计方法发展及研究现状 (3)

1.3 1再制造发展及研究现状 (3)

1.3 2疲劳寿命发展及研究现状 (4)

1.3.3面向再制造的等寿命设计发展及研究现状 (5)

1.4主要研究内容和思路 (6)

第二章装载机工作装置三维建模及受力分析 (8)

2.1 装载机工作装置的结构及实体模型建立 (8)

2.1.1装载机工作装置的结构分析 (8)

2.1.2装载机工作装置实体模型建立 (9)

2.2装载机工作装置的受力分析 (11)

2.2.1 装载机工况分析 (11)

2.2.2 工作装置受力分析 (11)

2.3本章小结 (13)

第三章装载机工作装置有限元分析 (15)

3.1 有限元法概述 (15)

3.1.1有限元法简介 (15)

3.1.2 ANSYS软件简介 (15)

3.2 工作装置各零部件柔性体的生成 (15)

3.2.1 柔性体生成方法简介 (15)

3.2.2 连杆柔性化过程 (16)

3.2.3 摇臂与动臂柔性化过程 (17)

3.3 工作装置各零部件有限元分析 (18)

3.3.1 连杆的有限元分析 (18)

3.3.2 摇臂的有限元分析 (19)

3.3.3 动臂的有限元分析 (20)

3.4 本章小结 (22)

第四章装载机工作装置运动学与动力学仿真分析 (23)

4.1 动力学仿真概要 (23)

4.1.1 动力学仿真软件ADAMS介绍 (23)

4.1.2 动力学仿真理论概述 (24)

4.2 工作装置刚体动力学模型建立及仿真分析 (29)

4.2.1模型的导入及材料定义 (29)

4.2.2约束、驱动及载荷添加 (30)

4.2.3模型验证 (33)

4.2.4仿真分析 (34)

4.3 工作装置刚柔耦合模型建立及仿真分析 (39)

4.4本章小结 (42)

第五章面向再制造的装载机工作装置等寿命设计 (43)

5.1 疲劳寿命概述 (43)

5.1.1 疲劳寿命概念 (43)

5.1.2 疲劳寿命的理论 (43)

5.1.3 Fe-Safe软件介绍 (44)

5.2装载机再制造时机预测 (45)

5.3 面向再制造的装载机销轴组的等寿命设计 (47)

5.3.1销轴的寿命计算 (48)

5.3.2 面向再制造的销轴组的等寿命设计 (51)

5.3.3销轴组再制造时机预测分析 (52)

5.4 面向再制造的装载机工作装置的等寿命设计 (54)

5.4.1工作装置各零部件寿命计算 (54)

5.4.2面向再制造的工作装置等寿命设计 (57)

5.4.3工作装置关键零部件再制造时机预测分析 (65)

5.5本章小结 (66)

结论与展望 (67)

参考文献 (69)

攻读学位期间取得的研究成果 (73)

致谢 (74)