傲慢与偏见婚姻观的分析 中文英文~

(一)莉蒂亚和韦汉的婚姻：盲目的激情，追求享乐

在《傲慢与偏见》中，最不被人看好的婚姻，无疑就是莉蒂亚和韦汉的婚姻了。作者甚至没有正面交代二人是如何相恋，继而出走的。只是简单的透过珍和迦迪南舅妈写给伊莉莎白的信，让读者瞭解大概的情况。两人之间很难说有什麽爱情，即使勉强有，也只能算是一时的激情。Austen 对他们的婚姻持以一种批判的态度，莉蒂亚的轻浮、鲁莽和无知即使在小说的结尾也没有改变，韦汉的狡诈、野心和肤浅也使我们感到厌恶。基于两人个性的因素，莉蒂亚和韦汉的婚姻的不稳定性是显而易见的。然而，理智、感情与道德可以说是婚姻精神层面上最重要的组成部分，而这桩婚姻却不具备任何一项，可见，他们婚姻的失败是早已注定。韦汉选择莉蒂亚的原因，书中并没有详细指出，不过他之所以同意与莉蒂亚结婚，金钱发挥了重要的作用。韦汉是个不折不扣的花花公子，在与莉蒂亚私奔前，曾经追求过金小姐和达西小姐，目的都是为了钱。韦汉怀有这样的心态，与当时的社会风气不无关係。在18 世纪时财富仍是社会中上层人士择偶时的重点，同时韦汉做为地位稍底的中等阶级，并没有大量的财产传承，因而更加重了他对金钱的贪婪。最终还是达西出面，替韦汉偿还了债务，并在莉蒂亚名下的钱之外，又给了她一千英镑，并给韦汉买了个官职，最终换来了莉蒂亚和韦汉的婚姻。可见在这段婚姻中除了盲目的激情，金钱也扮演了关键的角色。

(二) 夏绿蒂和柯林斯的婚姻：向现实妥协

在《傲慢与偏见》中，金钱和爱情往往是形影不离的。小说裡人们谈婚论嫁时总少不了金钱的影子，而阐述金钱对于婚姻选择的影响，一个最典型的例子就是柯林斯和夏绿蒂的婚姻

柯林斯选择夏绿蒂做自己的妻子，显然不是因为爱上他，在柯林斯向伊莉莎白求婚时就已经详细阐述了他要结婚的理由：（注一）“第一，我生活安定；第二，我认为结婚可以使我更加快乐；第三，狄堡夫人希望我能有一个能干、会照料家庭的贤内助，因为这对我的前途大有帮助。”因而当柯林斯向伊莉莎白求婚遭到拒绝后，他毫不犹豫的把结婚对象转向了

夏绿蒂。柯林斯急着结婚，并不是出于个人需要，只是在完成他所崇拜的狄堡夫人所要求的一项任务，只要结婚了就算完成了任务。至于结婚对像是谁，对她是否有感情这些并不重要。而且夏绿蒂还算是出身贵族的小姐，也算是门当户对，这也已经足够了夏绿蒂?卢卡斯可以说是《傲慢与偏见》裡有智慧并富有理性的一位女子，是她最先看出达西对伊莉莎白有意，并且向伊莉莎白表达她对珍和宾利感情发展的担忧，不可否认的，他的顾虑也是正确的。夏绿蒂的聪明伶俐令人印象深刻，但更让人感叹的是她对于自己婚姻选择的那份精明。她清楚得瞭解自己的需求，对一个外表既不出众，也没有什麽丰厚嫁妆，更不奢求浪漫的女子而言，或许与柯林斯的婚姻就能满足，所以，嫁给柯林斯何尝不是一种无奈又实际的选择。聪明的她早就看出了柯林斯既不通情达理，又不讨人喜欢。但是她还是选择了他，因为夏洛特选择的这种婚姻，能确保她不至于贫困挨饿，也不用担心丈夫变心，至于婚姻幸福与否就要放到次要位置了。

Austen 并不欣赏这样的婚姻，透过文字可以感觉到她对这种婚姻的嘲讽。但以现代的角度来看，夏洛特的选择，是迫于现实的无奈。

(三) 伊莉莎白和达西的婚姻：情投意合，理智与情感的完美结合

伊莉莎白与达西的婚姻是《傲慢与偏见》中最美满、最成功的理想婚姻，二人的结合是真正建立在爱情的基础之上。

伊莉莎白在贝纳家中排行老二，她虽然没有珍那麽美丽的外表，却也亭亭玉立。更可贵的是她不但聪明伶俐，活泼可爱，而且还有着丰富的个性和内涵。伊莉莎白认识到了当时社会上以财富和社会地位来谈婚论嫁的风气，自己最好的朋友的婚姻也不是建立在爱情的基础之上，但她并没有迷失自己，而是选择继续勇敢地追寻自己的爱情。正是伊莉莎白的这种不凡的谈吐和高贵的情操吸引了达西，让达西对她产生爱意。

伊莉莎白和达西。但两个人在性格上都有各自的弱点：伊莉莎白是一位中产阶级的小姐，受过中等教育，是一名绅士的女儿。但与贵族阶级相比，家庭地位还是低下，亲友又是欠缺教养，常常在公共场合丑态百出，使她自惭自愧，在这样的环境中就为她性格中的

偏见奠定了基础；而达西性格内向，不喜欢和陌生人说话，再加上他出身豪门，拥有巨额财富，难免会给人傲慢的印象。两人刚开始接触时，对彼此的印象都不好。但随着接触的增加，渐渐地被伊莉莎白的美丽和可爱所打动，尤其是她机灵的头脑和诙谐更是深深吸引了他，儘管他觉得伊莉莎白出身不算高贵，看不起她的家庭并认定自己向伊莉莎白求婚，已经是降低了身分，违背了自己的意志、理智，甚至是违背人格的行为。他认为身份低微而又缺少金钱财富的伊莉莎白对他这样身份的大少爷表达之爱意一定会欣喜若狂的接受。但是他的自以为是，却激起了伊莉莎白的怒火，并断然拒绝了他的求婚，还毫不留情地指责他的傲慢无礼。

条件再好的人，若不是以对等的眼光看待彼此，便不会产生爱情，更别说是婚姻了。于是达西渐渐认识到了自己的不足，他接受了伊莉莎白的指正，并改正了自己傲慢自负的缺点。而且在达西挺身而出，解决了莉蒂亚和韦汉的问题后，也赢得了伊莉莎白的尊重，另一方面，伊莉莎白也透过韦汉的言行与週遭人的评论，瞭解到自己的无知与偏见，并逐渐接受了「悔过」的达西，两人之间终于产生了真挚的感情，并缔结成了美满的姻缘。

金钱在《傲慢与偏见》中无处不在，即使在伊莉莎白和达西的爱情中也不免掺杂着一点金钱的因素。在外人看来，伊莉莎白如同捡到了宝，就像贝纳太太所说的，他将会变成一位有钱的贵妇，先前对达西先生的不满与愤怒，早已消失。而伊莉莎白和达西的婚姻之所以超脱于书中描写的其他几桩婚姻，就是因为两人不但品德高尚，而且是真心相爱。

Impressions of Pride and Prejudice

I’ve read a book called Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen during this winter holidays. Jane Austen was unmarried all her life. She was born in a mid-class family and was brought up in a comfortable environment with harmonious surroundings, so there’s not too many conflicts in her sight neither in her novel. In Pride and Prejudice she talked different ideas about love and marriage through different characters.

The novel has told an interesting story: Mr. Bennet is an English gentleman with an estate in Hertfordshire. He has five unmarried daughters but no sons while his inheritance must be inherited by a male, so Mrs. Bennet has been keen to seek husband for her daughters with great enthusiasm. One day the Bennets had a new neighbor called Bingley who was a wealthy bachelor

and followed be the target of Mrs. Bennet. At a ball Bingley fell in love with Jane Bennet who’s the oldest daughter of the Bennets. Bingley’s friend Darcy also came to the ball and struck the sights, many girls liked him while he thought all of them couldn’t suit his preference, including Elizabeth. Mr. Darcy always shows others a impression of pride, having found this Elizabeth began to hate Mr. Darcy. Before long Darcy fell in love with Elizabeth Bennett(second oldest daughter in the Bennets) because of her lovely behavior, while Elizabeth is disgusted by his pride and has a prejudice about him. The official Wickham was welcomed by the villagers, and Elizabeth also took a shine to him. Wickham told Elizabeth that his father had been the steward of the Darcys. The old Darcy had regarded Wickham as his own son and showed more love to him than to Mr. Darcy. After the old Darcy died, the property should be inherited by Wickham was all deprived by Mr. Darcy, also was his pastorate. All this increased Eli’s prejudice about Mr. Darcy. At another ball Mr. Darcy invited Elizabeth to dance with him, but Eli refused him. Eli’s elder male cousin Mr. Collin came to Hertfordshire to inherit the Bennett's property by rules, he wanted to marry with one of the Bennets. Having known that Jane was already engaged with Mr. Bingley, he asked Elizabeth to marry him but was seriously rejected. At last he proposed to Charllote who was Eli’s friend. Mr. Collins was good at flattering and he got the pastorate with the help of Lady Catherine. Once his family was invited to Rosings Garden by Lady Catherine. Elizabeth also went there with Mr. Collin and Charllote. There she met Mr. Darcy who’s Lady Catherine’s nephew. Later in a garden, Sir William told Eli about Mr. Darcy’s latest act of dissuading Mr. Bingley’s marring Jane Bennet which caused Eli’s exceedingly anger. Then Mr. Darcy came to the Collins’and confessed his love for Elizabeth, of course he was rejected impolitely. Afterwards Mr. Darcy wrote a letter to Eli in order to remove her misunderstandings of him. Elizabeth’s uncle and aunt were also impressed by Mr. Darcy’s politeness. Gradually Eli’s prejudice of Mr. Darcy diappeared. Eventually they became couple.

The writer Jane Austen disclosed mid-class young ladies’different ideas of marriage and love through describing the different ways in which the Bennet girls doing with their marriage problems ,and this undoubtedly shows the writer’s idea about love and marriage: it’s wrong to get married just for property, wealth and status while neither would it be without caring about those elements.Jane Austen just attached great significance to marriage through her novel by telling people that marriage should be regarded carefully cause it is not a game you could just enjoy without prudent consideration. She also wanted to deliver information that marriage should be based on real love between the lovers. The female subject Elizabeth is a mid-class girl, and Darcy proposed to her regardless of the gap between them, but Elizabeth refused because of his pride had formed Eli’s prejudice. Cause Darcy’s pride was a suggest of status gap between he and Eli, he wouldn’t have the same thought with Eli and consequently the ideal marriage. But later Darcy’s doings especially his change of the prideful manner eliminated Eli’s misunderstandings and prejudice about him, and Eli accepted his proposal. Those two opposite attitudes reflect female’s pursue of independent personality and equality. I think Elizabeth has personality ethic which caused her independent idea about love and marriage and in consequence she earned a happy life. There’re also Eli’s sisters’ love stories served as contrasts to the female subject’s ideal marriage, such as Charlotte and Collin’s life: they do had a luxury life, but there’s no real love between them and this kind of marriage is surely a tragedy of society.