成人英语三级考试英汉翻译练习资料(一)

成人英语三级考试英汉翻译练习资料(一)
成人英语三级考试英汉翻译练习资料(一)

成人英语三级考试英汉翻译练习资料(一)

to communicate precisely what you want to say.you will frequently need to define key words.

a.无论你想说什么,要做到简明扼要,关键就是要对词进行定义。

b.只要定义频繁出现的关键词就能准确传达本意。

c.要准确表达你的本意,就必须不断定义关键词。

d.要简明扼要地表达本意,就必须不断定义关键词。

the company’s cost peaked at us$10 milli on in june before dropping drastically down to

us$3million in october.

a.之前公司成本在10月份为300万美元。现在6月份又回升至1000万美元。

b.公司成本在6月达到顶峰,即1000万美元,然后急剧下降,到10月降为300万美元。

c.公司成本的最高值出现在6月,即1000万美元,然后在10月前狂降至300万美元。

d.公司6月的成本值为l000万美元,10月的成本值为300万美元。

【答案】c—d—b—a

【难点分析】本句的翻译要点在于正确理解动词不定式“to communicate precisely what…”在句中充当目的状语,意为“为了准确表达……”,而句子的主体部分则说明了达到此目的的手段“you will frequently need to…”(需要经常……)。需要注意的是“precisely”(准确地)与“concisely”(简明扼要地)在词形上较接近,要加以区别。比较四个选项可以发现,选项c的翻译最贴近原文。选项d的不妥之处在于将“precisely”误译为“简明扼要地”。选项b错误理解了动词不定式的功能,将原来的目的与手段的关系译为结果与充要条件的关系,与原文有偏差;同时把修饰“定义关键词”这一动作的“frequently”当作名词“关键词”的修饰语,译为“频繁出现的关键词”,因而不妥。选项a完全打破了原句的句法层次,有按个别字词随意发挥的倾向,另外还存在多处词汇理解的错误,其正确度接近零。

【答案】b—c—d-a

【难点分析】本句中有两个表示变化的动词“peak”和“drop”,这两个单词分别意为“达到峰值”和“下降”。另外,修饰“drop”的副词“drastically”意为“急剧地”。这两个动词所表示的动作是时间上前后相继的关系,根据原句“在急剧下降之前……达到峰值”,我们可以知道应该是首先达到峰值,之后再下降。另外,“droppingdrastically”这一动作是6月份之后就发生的,这一持续下降的结果是10月降到300万美元。根据以上分析可以看出,四个选项中选项b为最佳答案。选项c将“before…”与“0ctober”混为一谈,错译为“10月前”。选项d的问

题在于漏译了“peak”、“dropping drastically”这两组动作,从而造成两处重要信息的遗漏。选项a颠倒了“before”所表示的前后关系,并漏译“dropping drastically”这一动作,且将“peak”错译为“回升”,是四个选项中译得最糟糕的一个。

osaka(大阪)was japan’s greatest commercial city in ancient times and is the city with japan’s biggest castle(城堡).modern osaka is a good place to see commercial and industrial japan.the castle is the most interesting tourist attraction in the city.it was built in 1586.the easiest way to get to osaka is on the world—famous bullet train(新干线)from tokyo,which travels over 210 kilometers per hour.it is said to be the cleanest train in the world.

【答案】大阪是日本古时最大的商业城市,现今日本最大的城堡就坐落在大阪。现代的大阪是了解日本工商业发展的一个好去处。在大阪,最有趣的旅游景点莫过于始建于1586年的城堡了。去往大阪最便捷的方法就是从东京乘坐世界闻名的新干线。新干线时速超过210公里,据说是世界上最洁净的列车。

【难点分析】本文是一篇关于日本城市大阪的说明文,内容涉及到该城市在日本的历史地位、城市特色及到达该城的交通方式等。在翻译本文时,用词要简明易懂,层次要清晰可见,这样才能最好地实现其作为说明文的功能。文中有两处需要作较大变动。第一处是第一句的后半句,“osaka…is the city with japan’s biggest castle”,此句字面意思为“大阪是现今拥有日本最大城堡的城市”,若照此译法就难免生硬,且不符合汉语的表达习惯,故翻译时需要转化为“现今日本最大的城堡就坐落在大阪”。第二处是第二句,该句中“commercial and industrial japan”的含义若照字面意思译为“工商业的日本”,会让人有不知所云之感,故译文中将其意思进一步明晰,译为“日本工商业发展”。此外本文中还有一处合译,即将第四句“it was built in 1586."这一信息嵌入到前一句中,这样可使意思更为紧凑,也可以避免主语的再次重复。翻译本文时需特别注意的词汇有“ancient times”(古代,古时候)、“tourist attraction”(旅游景点)、“travel”(此处不表示“旅行”之义,而是指列车的运行)等。

a new digital technique has been developed that can identify whether two works of art ale by the same artist.

a.人们发展完善了一项新的数字技术,以判断是否同一艺术家在做两件艺术工作。

b.假如由同一艺术家完成两件艺术品,这项识别技术就能发展完善。

c.一项能够识别两件艺术作品是否出自同一艺术家之手的新数字技术已经被开发出来。

d.人们开发出了一项新的数字技术,这项数字技术能够判断两件艺术工作是否为同一艺术家所做。

as a general rule.it is better to focus on the content of a presentation as a means of attracting your audience’s attention.

a.一般来说,它最好将重心放在讲解的内容上,使之成为吸引观众注意力的方式。

b.一般的规则是,它最好集中在礼物的内容上,这比吸引观众的注意力更好。

c.一般的规则是,它最好注重讲解的内容,这意味着可吸引到观众的注意力。

d.总的说来,最好把重点放在讲解的内容上,借此来吸引观众的注意。

【答案】c—d—a—b

【难点分析】译好本句的关键在于正确把握句子结构。本句的主语表面看来比较简单,是“a new digital technique”,但其实该主语还有一个较长的定语从句修饰,即由that引导的定语从句。之所以将该从句后置是为了避免主语过长,导致整个句子头重脚轻。另外,翻译本句时易将“develop”理解为常见的“发展”之义,但从上下文看,此处是指一项新技术的开发。结合上述分析,选项c应为最佳答案。选项d将中心语与定语从句分开来译,可达到信息分流的效果,但其不妥之处在于错误地将“works”(作品)翻译成了“工作”,未能区别“works”与“work”。选项a把握住了句子的主干,但将主语的定语从句不恰当地译为目的状语从句,又把develop误译为“发展,完善”,同时还犯了与选项d相同的错误,因而不妥。选项b在结构上与原句偏差最大,该选项没有识别出原句中的定语从句,错误地把“whether”理解为“假如”之义,由此加入了一个条件状语从句,完全打破了原旬的句法结构,且不恰当地将此处的“develop”译为“发展,完善”,因此问题最多。

【答案】d—a—c-b

【难点分析】翻译本句需要分清句子的结构,该句中真正的主语是“to”引导的不定式结构,“it”是句子的形式主语。另外一个难点在于对状语“as a general rule”的理解。该短语的意思是“一般而言,通常”,不可简单地照字面意思理解。同时还要注意区别名词“presentation”与“present”,前者意为“讲解,演讲”,后者意为“礼物”等。在上述分析的基础上可看出选项d最切合原意。选项a的问题在于没有认清代词“it”的作用,将这个形式主语当成了代词,因而不妥。选项c重复了选项a的错误,另外还错误地将“as a general rule”译为“一般的规则”。选项b除了犯有选项c的词汇理解错误外,还片面地根据“better”一词将整个句子理解为一个表示比较的句子,与原句结构和意义相差甚远。

a new digital technique has been developed that can identify whether two works of art ale by the same artist.

a.人们发展完善了一项新的数字技术,以判断是否同一艺术家在做两件艺术工作。

b.假如由同一艺术家完成两件艺术品,这项识别技术就能发展完善。

c.一项能够识别两件艺术作品是否出自同一艺术家之手的新数字技术已经被开发出来。

d.人们开发出了一项新的数字技术,这项数字技术能够判断两件艺术工作是否为同一艺术家所做。

as a general rule.it is better to focus on the content of a presentation as a means of attracting your audience’s attention.

a.一般来说,它最好将重心放在讲解的内容上,使之成为吸引观众注意力的方式。

b.一般的规则是,它最好集中在礼物的内容上,这比吸引观众的注意力更好。

c.一般的规则是,它最好注重讲解的内容,这意味着可吸引到观众的注意力。

d.总的说来,最好把重点放在讲解的内容上,借此来吸引观众的注意。

【答案】c—d—a—b

【难点分析】译好本句的关键在于正确把握句子结构。本句的主语表面看来比较简单,是“a new digital technique”,但其实该主语还有一个较长的定语从句修饰,即由that引导的定语从句。之所以将该从句后置是为了避免主语过长,导致整个句子头重脚轻。另外,翻译本句时易将“develop”理解为常见的“发展”之义,但从上下文看,此处是指一项新技术的开发。结合上述分析,选项c应为最佳答案。选项d将中心语与定语从句分开来译,可达到信息分流的效果,但其不妥之处在于错误地将“works”(作品)翻译成了“工作”,未能区别“works”与“work”。选项a把握住了句子的主干,但将主语的定语从句不恰当地译为目的状语从句,又把develop误译为“发展,完善”,同时还犯了与选项d相同的错误,因而不妥。选项b在结构上与原句偏差最大,该选项没有识别出原句中的定语从句,错误地把“whether”理解为“假如”之义,由此加入了一个条件状语从句,完全打破了原旬的句法结构,且不恰当地将此处的“develop”译为“发展,完善”,因此问题最多。

【答案】d—a—c-b

【难点分析】翻译本句需要分清句子的结构,该句中真正的主语是“to”引导的不定式结构,“it”是句子的形式主语。另外一个难点在于对状语“as a general rule”的理解。该短语的意思是“一般而言,通常”,不可简单地照字面意思理解。同时还要注意区别名词“presentation”与“present”,前者意为“讲解,演讲”,后者意为“礼物”等。在上述分析的基础上可看出选项d最切合原意。选项a的问题在于没有认清代词“it”的作用,将这个形式主语当成了代词,因而不妥。选项c重复了选项a的错误,另外还错误地将“as a general rule”译为“一般的规则”。选项b除了犯有选项c的词汇理解错误外,还片面地根据“better”一词将整个句子理解为一个表示比较的句子,与原句结构和意义相差甚远。

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