葡语语法:名词

葡语语法:名词
葡语语法:名词

葡语语法:名词

1、名词:

·葡萄牙语的名词分为阳性和阴性、单数和复数

(1)单数阳性名词的一般词尾:-o、-ão、

-ma/-ta(来源于希腊语的词)

(2)单数阴性名词的一般词尾:非重读-a/-e、

-ã、-ção、-dão、-dade、-gem等

*一般表示“有生命”的名词,以-o结尾的为阳性、以-a结尾为阴性;以辅音结尾的表示“有生命”的阳性名词加词尾-a变阴性名词

(3)复数词尾:-s

*一般来说,名词单数变复数,直接加词尾-s,但有时还会伴随着一些其它的变化,主要有:

a. 单数以-n/-r/-s/-z结尾的名词变复数时,加词尾-es;

b. 单数以-al/-el/-ol/-ul结尾的名词变复数时,去掉-l-再加词尾-is(以-el/-ol结尾的在去掉-l-后要在

-e-/-o-上标上开音符“´”);

c. 单数以-il结尾的名词变复数时,去掉-l-再加词尾-s;

d. 单数以

-ção/-ssão/-tão结尾的阴性名词变复数时,-ão变-õe再加词尾-s;

e. 单数以-m结尾的名词变复数时,-m变-n再加词尾-s

英语语法:动名词的句法功能

英语语法:动名词的句法功能 动名词的句法功能 动名词是非谓语动词的一种,它由动词原形加-ing构成,形式上与现在分词相同。动名词除具有动词性质外,还具有名词的性质。动 名词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等,但不能 用作谓语(故称动名词为非谓语动词)。 一、动名词用作主语 Saving is getting. 节约即增收。 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。 Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路有时很可怕。 【注】动名词作主语时,有时可用it作形式主语: It’s hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。 It’s fun being taken to the zoo. 被带去逛动物园很有意思。 用it代替动名词作形式主语的两个常用句型: It’s no use saying any more about it. 再谈这事没有用。 Is it any good trying to explain? 试图作些解释有用吗? 二、动名词用作表语 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是看羊。 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

【注】不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语,两者的区别是:动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念,而不定式则多表示具体的、一次性的动作。 三、用作宾语 Excuse me for coming late. 对不起我来晚了。 Most students enjoy asking questions in English. 多数学生都喜欢用英语提问。 【注】动词用作介词宾语时,通常只用动名词形式,而不用不定式形式,典型的例外是表示“除外”的except和but(它们后接动词作宾语时通常用不定式)。 四、动名词用作宾语补足语 Can we call this serving mankind? 这能叫为人类服务吗? I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul. 我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。 【注】动名词用作宾语补足语时,主要动词通常是call。 五、动名词用作定语 We need a new working method. 我们需要一种新的工作方法。 The doctor told me not to take sleeping pills. 医生叫我不要服*。 【注】与不定式和现在分词作定语不同,动名词作定语不以短语的形式出现,而且总是位于被修饰名词之前(在很多情况下构成合成名词),用以表示被修饰名词的用途、目的和场合: reading room 阅览室 operating table 手术台 swimming pool游泳池 singing competition歌咏比赛

语法知识—名词的知识点训练

一、选择题 1.—_________ is it from Wuxi to Shanghai? —It’s about ________ drive. A.How long; a two hours’B.How far; a two-hours C.How far; two hours’D.How long; a two-hour 2.There are two________ near our school. A.shoe shops B.shoes shops C.shoe's shops D.shoes' shops 3.—Do _________ like going to ___________? —I don’t know. A.woman teachers, clothes shops B.women teachers, clothes shops C.woman teachers, sport shops D.women teachers, vegetables shops 4.With the ________ of society, our environment is becoming worse and worse. So we should do what we can ________ our environment. A.development; to protect B.developing; to protect C.development; protect D.develop; protect 5.Look at the________on the ground, and it’s telling us autumn has come. A.leaves B.leaf C.leafs D.leafes 6.—Why do you get up so early? —Because my home is far from the science museum. It’s ________bus ride. A.fifty-minutes B.fifty minute’s C.fifty-minute’s D.fifty minutes’7.Those _________ plans for the holiday sound great. How about ________? A.girl’s ; yours B.girls’; you C.girls ; your D.girls’; yours 8.Do you know the three ______ under the tree? Their mothers are all ______in our school. A.boy students; woman teachers B.boy students; women teachers C.boys students; women teachers D.boys students; woman teachers 9.Peter would like a bowl of ________noodles. A.tomato and egg B.tomato and eggs C.tomatoes and eggs D.tomatoes and egg 10._______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend. A.Lily and Nick; their B.Lily's and Nick's; them C.Lily and Nick's; their D.Lily and Nick's; them 11.The computer is _______________. A.Amy's and Lily's B.Amy and Lily C.Amy's and Lily D.Amy and Lily's 12.-Can I help you? -Yes. I'd like__________ rice. A.a small bar of B.a slice of C.a large bag of D.a piece of 13.In fact (事实上), she ________ ________ many ________.

英语语法之名词所有格

名词所有格说明所属问题,表示某物归谁所有,共三种形式: ①-’s所有格 ②of 所有格 ③双重所有格(-’s + of 所有格共同存在) -’s所有格 -’s所有格的构成 ①一般单数名词和不以s 结尾的复数名词,以及复合词,在词尾+ ’s Eg: Amy’s book a women’s hospital 一家妇科医院 his father-in-law’s birthday ②以s结尾的复数名词,在词尾直接+ ’ Eg: my friend’s balls teacher s’ office ③以s结尾的单数名词或专有名词,可+’s 或’ Eg: the boss’s/ boss’ coffee charles’s/charles’ choice -’s所有格的用法 ①表示有生命的人或动物、时间、节日等名词的所有关系 Eg: my father’s tea live a dog’s life two day s’ absence April Fool’s day ②名词有同位语时,所有格用于同位语上 Eg: This is his friend, Tom’s storybook. ③由and连接的两个或多个名词,表示共同拥有,最后一词用所有格;表示各自拥有时,每个名词都用所有格。 Eg: Tom and Jerry’s house 汤姆和杰瑞的房子 Tom’s and Jerry’s houses 汤姆和杰瑞各自的房子

of 所有格的构成及用法 of + 名词,表示无生命事物的名词或有较多修饰语的名词的所有关系。 Eg:the top of the mountain the advice of the old experienced man 注意-’s所有格和of 所有格有时都可以使用 Eg: China’s economy = the economy of China today’s weather = the weather of today his father’s death = the death of his father (表示某人的遭遇时,更常用of的所有格) 双重所有格 双重所有格的构成 of + 名词的-’s所有格/名词性物主代词。 双重所有格的用法: ①表示特定人的不特定的所有关系。 Eg: a novel of Dicken’s 狄更斯(特定人)的一本小说(不特定关系) a book of mine 我(特定人)的一本书(不特定关系) ②表达特殊的情感 有时双重所有格与指示代词连用时,常带有赞许,厌恶,不满的感情的色彩。 Eg:That old watch of my father’s gains a lot every day. 我父亲的那块旧表每天都会快很多。 注意: A friend of my father 我父亲的朋友(强调朋友关系) A friend of my father’s 我父亲的一个朋友(强调许多朋友中的一个) A photo of my brother 我哥(本人)的一张照片 A photo of my brother’s 我哥(拥有)的一张照片

初中英语语法题(名词)

1.My family_____wonderful. A.is B.are C.was D.were 2.The rich_____not always happy. A.are B.is C.have D.has 3.Few____such clothes.The boss has to throw them away. A.likes B.is like C.like D.are liking 4.The football team____baths now. A.has B.is having C.are having D.have 5.Few____such clothes.The boss has to throw them away. A.likes B.is like C.like D.are liking 6.There are many____in the truck. A.baskets of apples B.basket of apples C.baskets of apple D.basket of apple 7.Class Five ____ a foreign friend. A. had B. has C. have D. having 8. Our school team often ____ well in our city. A. play B. played C. plays D. playing 9. June 1st is ____ Day. A. Child’s B. Childs’ C. Childrens’ D. Children’s 10. I need ____ paper, Mum.I want to write ____ letter to my English teacher. A. any , more B. some , a C. a , some D. some , any 11. There are two ____ and three ____ on the table. A. knifes, forks B. knifes, fork C. knives, forkes D. kinves, forks 12. We have a lot of _____ today. A. newspaper to read B. homework to do C. homeworks to do C. book to read 13. We could see __ children and hear ___ noise in the park. A. many, many B. much, much C. many, much D. much, many 14. Will you pass me ___? A. a few pieces of chalk(粉笔) B. a few chalks C. a few of chalks D. some chalks 15. September 10th is ___ Day. A. the Teacher B. Teachers’ C. Teacher D. Teacher’s 16. ---Can I help you, sir? ---I’d like to have 100___. I want the students to draw pictures on them. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. papers D. paper 17. Tom is going to see______ A.one of my father's friends B. one of my father's friend C.one of my fathers' friends D..a friend of my father 18. _____is needed in cold areas. A .A lot of cloth B. Much clothing C .Many a cloth D .Lots of cloth 19. ---Would you like ___ milk, please? ---No, thank you. I still have some. A. some more B. an C. a little of D. all 20. We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe

英语语法基本知识——名词短语

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一、引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连词:that(无任何词意) whether,if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性) as if ,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”) 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分 连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.whichever,whomever 连接副词:when, where, how, why 不可省略的连词: 1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 比较: whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下,whether 不能被if 取代: 1. whether引导主语从句并在句首 2. 引导表语从句 3. whether从句作介词宾语 4. 从句后有"or not" Whether he will come is not clear. 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用it充当形式主语。 It is not important who will go. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 二. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,whe re,why等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。 Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。

英语语法名词归纳总结

英语语法名词归纳总结 一、单项选择名词 1._________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change. A.The Garden Party B.The Green Room C.To the Lighthouse D.Daisy Miller 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意:《到灯塔去》是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫最具自传体色彩的小说,它围绕女性在社会中的角色、死亡和变化等主题展开了一系列的思考而非情节的描写。A. The Garden Party《花园聚会》;B. The Green Room《候场室》;C. To the Lighthouse 《到灯塔去》;D. Daisy Miller《黛西·米勒》。由“Virginia Woolf”可知,Virginia Woolf是To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》的作者。故选C项。 2.Violent programs on television may have a bad on children. A.injury B.pressure C.impression D.influence 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. injury伤害; B. pressure压力; C. impression印象; D. influence影响。句意:电视上的暴力节目可能对孩子有不良影响。固定词组:have an effect/ influence on“对------有影响”。故选D。 3.How amazing it is that Zuckberg can speak Chinese! After all, it is a big_____ for any westerner to learn such a totally different language. A.adventure B.achievement C.trend D.challenge 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。A. adventure冒险;B. achievement成就;C. trend趋势;D. challenge 挑战。句意:扎克伯格会说中文是多么令人吃惊啊!毕竟,对任何西方人来说,学习一门完全不同的语言是一个巨大的挑战。根据句意可知此处表示“挑战”,故D项正确。 4.One hundred percent_______to your studies, though it can be lonely and no fun at all,will leave precious marks on your youth. A.response B.offence C.commitment D.reaction

[精]英语语法-名词的意义和种类及名词在句子中的作用

名词的意义和种类及名词在句子中的作用 一、名词的意义和种类 1.名词的意义:表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。例如: teacher 教师dictionary字典 school学校Beijing北京 beauty美youth青春 2.名词的种类:英语名词可分为普通名词(CommonNouns)和专有名词( Proper Nouns) 〈1〉普通名词:普通名词是表示某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: worker工人machine机器steel钢铁 water水friendship友谊health健康 普通名词分为下面四类:

(1)类名词( Class Nouns):也称个体名词( Individual Nouns),类名词表示人或事物属于某一类。这一类名词有单数和复数的区别属于可数名词)。例如: 单数→复数→汉语意思 ①soldier →soldiers(战士) student →students(学生) factory→factories(工厂) gun →guns(枪) ②fight→fights (战斗) country→countries(国家) ③photo→photos (照片) house →houses(房子) (2)集体名词( Collective Nouns):集体名词表示若干个体或事物组成的集合体,是一群人或好多件东西的总称(属于可数名词)。例如: team队class班family家庭row排 committee委员会group小组police警察 (3)物质名词(MaterialNouns):物质名词表示不具备确定形状和大小、无法分为个体的物质或个体的实物(属于不可数名词)。例如:

语法知识—名词的知识点

一、选择题 1.— Is this room yours? —No, it's not__________.It's __________. A.mine; Lily's and Lucy's B.my; Lily and Lucy's C.my; theirs D.mine; Sally's 2.—Let’s make a banana milk shake. —How many ________ do we need? A.bananas B.cup of milk C.honey 3.There is a______ shop and two_______ shops not far away from my school. A.sports; shoe B.sports; shoes C.sport; shoe D.sport; shoes 4.People in western countries will get together to eat turkeys and celebrate harvest(丰收)on ________, just like our Mid-Autumn Day. A.Thanksgiving Day B.Christmas Day C.National Day 5.—What does your mother have for dinner? — A.Chickens and tomato B.Chicken and tomatoes.C.Chicken and tomato.6.—There are beautiful flowers everywhere to celebrate the National Day, and we have —________ holiday. That means we have seven days ________ for this public holiday. A.a seven-day; off B.a seven-days; away C.seven-day; over D.a seven-days’; off 7.These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A.Jerry’s and Jenny’s B.Jerry and Jenny’s C.Jerry’s sand Jenny 8.Good food and_______help her_______better. A.exercise; study B.exercise; studies C.exercises; studying D.exercises; to study 9.—Look.There’re lots of______here. —Great.We can make______soup. A.egg;egg B.eggs;egg C.egg;eggs D.eggs;eggs 10.Thanks for the two _______________you gave(给)to me. A.tape player B.tapes players C.tape players D.taper players 11.My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A.salad; eggs B.salads; eggs C.salad; eggs D.salads; egg 12.—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion. A.a; an B./; a C.a; a D./; an 13.—Kate, what do you have ____________ dinner?

英语语法之名词篇

词法大全(一)-- 名词 Contents 可数名词 不可数名词 名词所有格

名词 概念:表示人、物品、地点、情感、抽象概念等名称的词 分类: 普通名词pen teacher water 专有名词Beijing China July Sunday the Sun 可数名词apple teacher boy car 抽象名词advice information news price happiness 不可数名词液体water milk tea coffee juice 材料metal glass wood paper meat bread rice 可数名词变复数 一般加s 二般以s, x, ch, sh 结尾,加es 三般以辅音字母+y 结尾,变y 为i 再加es 四般以f/fe 结尾,变f/fe 为v 再加es. 妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌; 躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。 wife knife wolf thief shelf self life half leaf 以O 结尾事真多 英雄喜欢吃土豆、西红柿和芒果 hero es potato es tomato es mango es 特殊变化要注意 man woman child mouse policeman men women children mice policemen 特中之特,单复同形 fish deer sheep fish deer sheep 合成复数有玄机 lemon tree toy shop computer game lemon trees toy shops computer games man doctor woman teacher men doctor s women teacher s

英语语法知识之名词

英语语法之名词 一、含义:用来表示人或事物名称的词。 二、分类: 1.专有名词:表示人、地方、组织机构或事物等的专有名称。 Beijing 北京Tom 汤姆 2.普通名词:是指一类人或东西或是一个抽象的名称。 ①可数名词:这类名词有单数和复数形式。 A:个体名词:个别人或事物的名称。friend 朋友 B:集体名词:若干人或事物的名称。family 家庭 ②不可数名词:表示不能用数来计算的事物的名词。 A:物质名词:表示物质或材料的名称的词。water 水 B:抽象名词:表示性质、行为、状态、情感等抽象名词。 friendship 友谊 三、考点: 1.可数名词的数(可数名词变复数的规则): ①一般情况下在词尾“+s”. car---cars bike---bikes ②以“s”“x”“ch”“sh”结尾的名词在词尾“+es”. bus--buses box --boxes beach--beaches dish--dishes ③以“辅音+y”结尾的名词,“y→i+es”. party ---- parties 以“元音+y”结尾的名词,直接加s. boy--boys toy--toys ④以“f\fe”结尾的名词,“fe\f→ves” wife--wives knife--knives 口诀: 妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发的慌。 躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。 ⑤单复数同形的单词有:Chinese,Japanese,fish,deer,sheep

口诀:中日人民爱护鱼鹿羊。 ⑥某国人变复数: Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanese Englishman Englishmen Frenchman Frenchmen German Germans American Americans Australian Australians 口诀:中日不变英法变,其余后面加s. ⑦以o结尾的单词,加es的常见的只有5个: Negro,hero,potato,tomato,mango 口诀:黑人、英雄、爱吃土豆、西红柿、芒果⑧变化单次内部元音字母 man men woman women policeman policemen Englishman Englishmen Frenchman Frenchmen foot feet tooth teeth goose geese ⑨特殊变化的有: child children this these that those she\he\it they am\is are I we you you

初中英语语法知识—名词的知识点总复习附解析

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