商务英语中的常用词语翻译例析

商务英语中的常用词语翻译例析
商务英语中的常用词语翻译例析

摘要: 英国论文写作随着世界贸易的发展 ,国际商务英语的学习热潮一浪高过一浪。但是在商务英语术语的理解和翻译方面仍然存在着一些错误 ,值得大家去关注 ,以免出现更大的损失。

关键词:商务英语; 常用词语; 翻译分析

Abstract :With the development of international business in China ,the commom English terms of international businessare widely used. However ,there esist many.

Key words :International business English ;C ommon words ;Translation analysis 随着我国已正式加入 WTO ,对外贸易也将迅速发展 ,必将带动商务英语的学习热潮。贸易理论知识丰富了 ,作为国际贸易工具的商务英语水平也提高了 ,同时也会促进我国与世界其它国家的贸易往来 ,提高我国的综合国力。众所周知 ,商务英语是以一套商务英语术语为典型特征并以此区别于其它各专门英语的 ,这是由它的性质———非常正式和规范决定的。要想学好商务英语 ,关键之一就在于正确地掌握这些词汇的用法和特点。在长期的商务英语教学中 ,笔者发现学习者对一些商务英语术语的理解有时还不是很清晰 ,导致其在翻译成汉语时出现误译。究其原因 ,还是不能灵活地了解商务英语中同一术语在不同的语境中表现出的不同含义。

为了让学习者能更熟练地掌握这些术语 ,现以商务英语中八个常用词 average , con firm , discount , endorse ,floating ,margin ,neg otiable ,tender为例来比较分析它们在不同的场合的不同含义及其汉译。11Average

例如:① A particular average loss under 3 % of the insured amountwill not be recoverable but one amounting to or exceeding 3 % willbe paid.②That bonds have a very high average yield.例①中 ,particular average是指“单独海损” ,即在保险业中由于海上事故所导致的部分损失 ,在此 average 的意思是“损失” ;而句②中的 average 为“平均值” 。

如果翻译时把二者混淆起来那就是错误的 ,所以上述二句可以这样翻译:①单独海损的损失在所保金额的 3 %以下时不赔 ,但损失达到或超过3 %时则赔偿。②那些债券的平均收益率很高。

2. Con firm 例如:①We have opened a con firmed and irrev ocable L/ C in y ourfav or. ②Pleased to in form y ou that our counter sample will be sentto y ou by DHL by the end of this week and con firm it ASAP s o thatwe can start our mass production. 在第一句中a con firmed L/ C “保兑信用证” ,即指一家银行所开的由另一家银行保证兑付的一种银行信用证; 在第二句中 con firm是“确认 ,证实” 的意思。

因此可分别译为:①我方已开出以贵方为收益人的保兑的不可撤消信用证。②很高兴通知您 ,我们的回样将于本周末用特快专递给您 ,请尽快确认 ,以便我们开始大批生产。

3.Discount例如:①Y ou may get a 6 % discount i f y our order is on a regularbasis.

②I f a seller extends credit to a time draft , he has made atrade acceptance. He can request the bank to finance the transac2tion by buying the draft . The bank is said to discount the draft .“discount ” 一词在①中的意思是折扣 ,即商品在原价的基础上按照一定的百分比降价:而在②中表示贴现 ,它是指未到期的票据向银行融资 ,银行扣除自买进日至到期日的利息 ,并收取一定的手续费后 ,将余下的票面金额付给持票人。这样 ,将以上两句翻译为①如果你方定期给我方下定单 ,你方便可得到 6 %的折扣。②如卖方开出远期汇票并以此向买方提供信用 ,此时就做了一笔商业汇票承兑业务。卖方可以请银行买下商业承兑汇票 ,以对出口商融资 ,也就是说 ,银行对该汇票贴现了。

4. Endorse例如:① Our products have been endorsed by the National

QualityInspection Ass ociation. ②Draft must be accompanied by full set original on board 在第一个例子中 ,endorse 有“批准 ,推荐” 之意 ,即客户用过某种产品后感到满意 , 并通过媒体介绍给其他公众。而第二个例子中endorse in blank 表示“空白

背书” ,是指背书人(endorser只在票据背面签上自己的名字 ,而不注明特定的被背书人(endorsee的一种行为。这二句的译文如下:①我们的产品为全国质量检查协会的推荐产品。②汇票必须附有全套印有“货物收讫” 字样的正本海运提单 ,凭指示空白背书 ,并写明“运费已付” 。

5. Floating 例如:①Floating policy is of great importance for export trade ;it is ,in fact ,a convenient method of insuring g oods…②I t is not

surprising ,then ,that the world saw a return to afloating exchange rate system , Central banks were no longer re2quired to support their own currencies.floating在上述两句中的意思完全不一样 , ①中的float2ing policy 指以承保多批次货运的一种持续性长期保险凭证 ,常译为“统保单” ;而②中的floating exchange rate为“浮动汇率” ,即可自由涨落 ,随市场的变化而变化。因此该二例可译为:①统保单对出口贸易至关重要 ,它实际上是货物保险的一种便利的办法……②在这种情况下 ,世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。

6.Margin例如:①However ,the tari ff should not be greater in amount than themargin of price caused by dumping.②Commodity futures are often purchased on small margins. 在日常英语中 ,margin表示书页的空白边 ,但是在商务英语中往往有“利润” 或“押金” 的意义 ,务必注意这一点。以上两句就可以译为:①但是 , (反倾销关税税额不应比因倾销而获得的毛利润高很多。②商品期货只需少许定金就可交易。

7.Neg otiable例如:①Part time barman required. Hours and salary neg

otiable.②This Bill of Lading is issued in a neg otiable form ,s o it shallconstitute title to the g oods and the holder ,by endorsement of thisBill of Lading. 在例①中 ,neg otiable 的意思是“可商议的” ,在例②中则表示“可转让的” , “可转让提单” 是指经过背书后即可将所有权转让给他人的一种提货单。另外 ,neg otiating bank 则是议付银行 ,即购买或贴现汇票的银行。上述二句的译文分别为:①招聘兼职酒店保安 ,工作时间和薪水面议。②所签发的提单为可转让的 ,故只要在提单上背书 ,便确定了货物和

持票人的所有权。8. Tender例如:① Under CIF ,it is the seller’ s obligation to tender the relativedocuments to the buyer to enable him to obtain delivery of theg oods.②He was pleased to know that his tender for building a man2sion had been accepted. 商务英语中的重要条款用词非常正规 ,句①中的动词tender 就是一个典型的例子 ,它相当于日常英语的 give(给 ; 而在句②中 ,tender又用作名词 ,意思是“投标” 。可分别将上述二句翻译为:①在 CIF价格术语项下 ,卖方的责任是向买方递交有关单证 ,使其能在货物到达后提取货物。②他愉快地得知他承办大厦建筑的投标被接受了。商务英语中的专业术语的翻译是不可随意处理的 , 英国论文写作同一个词在不同的语言场合有不同的含义 ,翻译也就不能一样。以上只是浩瀚的商务英语词汇“大海中的一滴” ,要想真正掌握商务英语 ,一定得在平时不断地收集 ,消化并适时地运用到实际中去。

参考文献:

[1 ]刘法公. 国际贸易实务英语[M] .杭州:浙江大学出版社 ,2002.

[2 ]宋志勤. 英语/汉英商务词汇实用手册[M] .南昌:江西高校出版社 ,1995.

[3 ]吴林康. 实用外贸英语[M] .北京:外语教学与研究出版社 ,1988.

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剪纸paper-cuts 除夕the eve of the lunar New Year 守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 放爆竹let off firecrackers 拜年pay a New Year visit 团圆饭family reunion dinner 敬酒propose a toast 红包red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper) 舞狮lion dance 舞龙dragon dance 灯笼lantern 灯谜riddles written on lanterns 灯会exhibit of lanterns 表示主要的,重要的词primary, major, main, chief, important, essential, significant 表示充足的enough, sufficient, plenty, abundant 表示适当的appropriate 表示提升,改善,加强enhance, improve, strengthen 表示合法valid, legal, lawful, rightful 表示卓越不凡extraordinary, excellent, uncommon, remarkable, outstanding. 表示很有名气well-known, noticeable, famous 表示义务,有责任去做compulsory, required, obligatory

表示积极,主动positive, proactive 表示合理sound, rational, correct, sensible, logical, reasonable 表示英勇brave, bold, valiant, heroic, courageous, fearless 表示巨大huge, large, giant, vast, enormous 表示牢固稳定sturdy, strong, firm, tough, stable, hardy 表示声誉reputation, fame, prestige 表示巅峰、顶点tip, top, peak, apex, zenith, climax 表示发现、探索discover, seek, search 表示增加increase, enlarge, multiply, expand, raise, accelerate, broaden, magnify 表示减少reduce, decrease, decelerate, lessen, debase, abate, diminish, decline, discount, subtract, deduct 表示转变convert, change, transform, switch 表示提供、提交offer, supply, provide, furnish, contribute, submit 表示构成、组成constitute, consist, organize, form, erect, establish, compose, comprise, 加快人才培养accelerate the training of professionals 与……建立关系establish relationship with 在……取得进步make progress in 表示有用,有益helpful, useful, utile, beneficial 发挥……的作用play (central, crucial, decisive, essential, fundamental, important, key, leading,) major,primary, prominent, significant, vital) role in 经济篇 投资回报率rate of return on investment 衰退recession 宏观调控macro control 提高经济效益enhance economic performance 扭亏为盈turn a loss-making business into a profitable one 优化经济结构optimize economic structure 扩大内需expand domestic demand 国计民生national interest and people’s livelihood 经济特区special economic zones 十二五规划the 12th Five-Year Plan for National and Economic and Social Development 交通篇 航班号flight number 头等舱first class 商务舱business class 经济舱economy class 登机牌boarding card 口岸customs port 客船passenger liner 慢车stopping train

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常用英语交际:问路指路常用语 Can I help you? Could I help you? 我能帮你吗? Do you need any help? 需要协助吗? What can I do for you? Is there anything I can do for you?我能够为你做点什么? What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了? How can I go to Wal Mart. 怎么才能到沃尔玛? Where is the nearest Wal Mart? 距这里最近的沃尔玛在什么地方? You can take No.10 bus. 你能够坐10路公交车. Turn left/right. 左/右转. Go straight. 直走. You can get on here and change [ ] at International [ ]Trade Center. 从这儿上车,在国贸转车. It’s on your left/right. 在你的左/右边. It’s up the road. 顺着这条路走. Please follow me. 请跟我走. Go down this street for a while until you hit the first traffic light. 沿着这条路一直走,直到你看到第一个红绿灯. It’s on the second floor. 在二楼. This way, please. 请这边走. Show the Way 指路

Dialogue 1 A: Excuse me, could you tell where the post office is? B: Sure, if you go down this road and turn left at the second intersection [ ], you’ll see it on your right-hand side. A: Thank you so much for your assistance [ ]. B:You’re welcome. A:打扰,你能告诉我邮局在哪吗? B:好的,你沿着这条路走,在第二个十字路口左转,你能够看到它在你的右手边. A:非常感谢你的协助. B:不客气. Dialogue 2 A:Excuse me. I’m looking for the Railway Station. B:Railway Station… let me see. It’s on the corner of Bridge Street. A: Shall I take a bus? B: Sure. Walk to the corner and take No.11. Get off at the fifth stop. The Railway Station is on a short walk from there. A: Thanks a lot. B: Welcome. A:打扰,我要去火车站.

商务英语翻译考试

考试简介 全国商务英语翻译(ETTBL)是我国一项系统的“外语+专业”的商务翻译培训、考试,以全国《商务英语翻译教程》(口译/笔译)的培训大纲为基础,内容涵盖广告、产品描述、产品与保险、人力资源与职业、经济、国际贸易、金融证券、市场营销、法律、合同与协议、旅游业等。由商务英语专业教授及富有商务背景的外籍教师进行授课,侧重于常用商务材料英汉互译对照、常用商务专业词汇及典型句型解析、翻译技巧等。打造商务英语翻译培训的优秀品牌,弥补高素质商务英语翻译人才的市场缺口,培养出专业化、知识化的口译/笔译人才,缩短新学员进入企业的磨合期,尽快适应工作;提高在职人员商务英语翻译专业水平及职业能力,更好地胜任工作。 学员完成培训计划规定的全部内容和课时后,参加全国商务英语翻译的考核及综合评定,根据考评结果,颁发相应等级相应层次的《全国商务英语翻译证书》。是商务英语人员上岗就业的依据,是工商、合资企业、外事单位用人的资格凭证.该证书全国通用,并网上注册()。并为学员建立个人资料库,借助中国商务人才网()的网络平台协助考生就业和提供继续教育服务等。

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May五月 June六月 July七月 Aug.(August)八月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)十一月 Dec.(December)十二月 六、季节(seasons) spring春 summer夏 fall/autumn秋 winter冬 七、方位(directions) south南 north北 east东 west西 left 左边 right右边 八、患病(illness) have a fever发烧 hurt疼痛 have a cold感冒 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼 九、数词(numbers) ten十 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy七十eighty八十 ninety九十 hundred百 forty-two四十二 one/a hundred and thirty-six一百三十六 22

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英语口语常用日常交际用语 Absolutely impossible! 绝对不可能的! All I have to do is learn English. 我所要做的就是学英语。Are you free tomorrow? 你明天有空吗? Are you married? 你结婚了吗? Are you used to the food here? 你习惯吃这儿的饭菜吗? Be careful. 小心、注意。 Be my guest. 请便、别客气。 Better late than never. 迟到总比不做好。 Better luck next time. 祝你下一次好运。 Better safe than sorry. 小心不出大错。 Can I have a day off? 我能请一天假吗? Can I help? 要我帮忙吗? Can I take a message? 要我传话吗? Can I take a rain check? 你能改天再请我吗? Can I take your order? 您要点菜吗? Can you give me a wake-up call? 你能打电话叫醒我吗?Can you give me some feedback? 你能给我一些建议吗?Can you make it? 你能来吗? Can I have a word with you? 我能跟你谈一谈吗? Catch me later. 过会儿再来找我。 Cheer up! 高兴起来!振作起来! Come in and make yourself at home. 请进,别客户。 Could I have the bill, please? 请把账单给我好吗? Could you drop me off at the airport? 你能载我到飞机场吗?Could you speak slower? 你能说得慢一点 Could you take a picture for me? 你能帮我拍照吗? Did you enjoy your flight? 你的飞行旅途愉快吗? Did you have a good day today? 你今天过得好吗? Did you have a nice holiday? 你假期过得愉快吗? Did you have fun? 你玩得开心吗? Dinner is on me. 晚饭我请客。 Do you have a room available? 你们有空房间吗? Do you have any hobbies? 你有什么爱好吗? Do you have some change? 你有零钱吗? Do you mind my smoking? 你介意我抽烟吗? Do you often work out? 你经常锻炼身体吗? Do you speak English? 你会说英语吗? Dont be so modest. 别这么谦虚。 Dont bother. 不用麻烦了。 Dont get me wrong. 别误会我。 Dont give up. 别放弃。 Dont jump to conclusions. 不要急于下结论。

商务英语翻译词汇整理

Between..and…在..之间 Country of origin and manufacture生产国别和制造厂商 Time of shipment装运期限 Port of shipment)装运口岸 Port of destination 到货口岸 Be liable for 对…负责 On account of由于 Attribute to 造成 Take measures采取措施 Shipping mark唛头 Gross weight毛重 Net weight净重 Do not stack up side down此端向上 Handle with care小心轻放 Keep away from moisture切勿受潮 Terms of payment付款条件 Payment by L/C信用证付款 Payment by collection信托付款 Payment by M/T信汇付款 In case of在情况下,以某种方式 Freight to collect运费到付 Insurance policy/certificate保险单/证明 War risk兵险 Breakage and leakage破碎渗漏 In the event of在发生情况下if Upon arrival of在到达之时 Invoice of quintuplicate发票5份 Packing list in duplicate装箱单2份 Certificate of quality质量证明 Technical document技术资料 Foundation drawings基础图 Wiring instructions布线说明 Terms of shipment装运条款 Shipping agent装运代理人 In the matter of如有。。if Be free from defects不存在缺陷 For a period of 2 years from the date of purchase自购买之日起两年内Warranty 保修期 Batch number批号 Forwarder 代运人 Shipment date装运日期 Design specification设计规格 Risk assessment风险评估

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